A vehicle long-downhill working condition emission method and device based on high-precision map prediction

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps, comprising the following steps: acquiring a high-precision map; parsing the slope information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyzing the road within a first distance ahead of the vehicle, generating predicted operating conditions, and adjusting the emission mode; the generation of predicted operating conditions includes downhill identification and downhill state judgment; downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope; downhill state judgment includes entering a "long downhill approach" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than the first slope threshold; and entering an "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold; wherein, entering the long downhill approach state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and starting to enter standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill start point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal combustion engine emission control technology, and in particular to a method and device for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps. Background Technology

[0002] To meet stringent emission regulations such as China VI, modern commercial vehicles generally employ after-treatment systems based on SCR technology. The efficient operation of an SCR system heavily relies on the temperature window of its catalyst (typically 250-450℃) and sufficient ammonia storage. However, in continuous long downhill driving conditions in mountainous or hilly areas, vehicles are often in a state of fuel cut-off coasting, leading to the following chain of problems:

[0003] 1. Exhaust heat source interruption: When the engine stops injecting fuel, the exhaust energy and temperature drop sharply, and the SCR catalyst temperature drops rapidly below the high-efficiency operating window.

[0004] 2. Urea injection stops: When the discharge temperature is lower than the urea solution's initial injection and hydrolysis temperature (approximately 220-250℃), the urea injection system is forced to shut down.

[0005] 3. Ammonia storage depletion: Without external ammonia replenishment, the ammonia stored in the catalyst is continuously consumed.

[0006] 4. Instantaneous emission risk: When the descent ends and the driver accelerates rapidly, the engine operates under high load, producing high concentrations of NOx emissions. At this time, the SCR system is in a "cold, lean ammonia" failure state and cannot effectively convert NOx, which can easily lead to transient emissions exceeding standards and violating regulations.

[0007] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps. This method and apparatus can proactively coordinate and regulate the engine combustion and after-treatment systems to actively address the problem of instantaneous emissions exceeding standards caused by instability in the temperature and ammonia storage of the after-treatment system under continuous long downhill conditions.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps, comprising the following steps: acquiring a high-precision map; parsing the slope information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyzing the road within a first distance ahead of the vehicle, generating predicted operating conditions, and adjusting the emission mode; the generation of predicted operating conditions includes downhill identification and downhill state judgment; the emission mode includes a standard mode and an enhanced mode; downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope; the downhill state judgment includes entering a "long downhill approach" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than a first slope threshold; and entering an "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold; wherein, entering the long downhill approach state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and starting to enter the standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill start point; wherein, entering the extreme long downhill state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and starting to enter the enhanced mode when the vehicle is a third distance away from the predicted downhill start point.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the standard mode includes the following stages: Standard mode first stage, preparation and energy storage, including engine thermal management and after-treatment parameter preset when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill starting point; Standard mode second stage, preparation and maintenance, including when the vehicle is detected to be entering the downhill section, the engine increases the mixing of urea and exhaust gas to increase heat exchange efficiency; maintains the temperature of the after-treatment side below 190°C and above 180°C, and further increases the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage capacity; Standard mode third stage, prediction and transient control, including identifying the downhill end point, when the vehicle's current position is a fourth distance away from the end point of the slope, the engine side loads a pre-calibrated dedicated transient MAP "low emission transient standard correction MAP", limits the rail pressure rise rate, delays timing, and activates torque filtering; the after-treatment side starts "urea micro-volume heat preservation injection" with extremely low flow rate continuous or pulse injection, and replenishes ammonia; Standard mode fourth stage, recovery, upon reaching the downhill end point, the engine and after-treatment side restore default values.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the enhanced mode includes: a first stage of enhanced mode, preparation and energy storage, including engine thermal management and after-treatment parameter preset when the vehicle is three distances away from the predicted downhill starting point; a second stage of enhanced mode, performance and maintenance, including identifying the vehicle entering the downhill section, strengthening braking on the engine side, intermittently activating the intake grille preheating, thereby actively increasing the intake air temperature; and on the after-treatment side, when the temperature is below 190°C and above 180°C, continuing to increase the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage; a third stage of enhanced mode, anticipation and transient control, including identifying the downhill end point, and when the distance to the end point of the slope is five distances, loading a pre-calibrated dedicated transient MAP on the engine side: "Ultra-low emission transient enhancement correction MAP", further increasing the torque filtering coefficient, further limiting the rail pressure rise rate and timing delay; and on the after-treatment side, activating "urea micro-volume heat preservation injection" at an extremely low flow rate for continuous or pulse injection, and replenishing ammonia; and a fourth stage of enhanced mode, recovery, including identifying the vehicle passing the downhill end point, and restoring the engine and after-treatment sides to their default values.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the engine thermal management and aftertreatment parameter preset includes: the engine load and exhaust temperature are increased by ΔT1 by adjusting the shift strategy and increasing the accessory load; the aftertreatment side reduces the urea injection temperature threshold and increases the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage capacity.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second distance is 100-300 meters, and the third distance is 300-800 meters.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fourth distance is 200-300 meters and the fifth distance is 500 meters.

[0015] This invention also provides a vehicle emission device for long downhill driving conditions based on high-precision map prediction, used to implement a vehicle emission method for long downhill driving conditions based on high-precision map prediction as described in any of the above claims, comprising: a map acquisition module for acquiring a high-precision map; an emission module for parsing the slope information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyzing the road within a first distance in front of the vehicle, generating a predicted driving condition and adjusting the emission mode; the generation of the predicted driving condition includes downhill identification and downhill state judgment; the emission mode includes a standard mode and an enhanced mode; the downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope; the downhill state judgment includes entering a "long downhill approach" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than the first slope threshold; and entering an "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold; wherein, entering the long downhill approach state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and starting to enter the standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill start point. The process of entering an extremely long downhill state includes obtaining the downhill starting point and entering an enhanced mode when the vehicle is three distances away from the predicted downhill starting point.

[0016] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, a RAM, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps. This method acquires high-precision maps, which are then analyzed by an intelligent network controller (i.e., an intelligent terminal) to generate structured slope prediction information. After generating the prediction information, it is sent to the engine electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU then coordinates the engine side (e.g., the engine fuel injection system) and the aftertreatment side (e.g., the urea injection system) to control exhaust temperature and ammonia storage. Specifically, this includes finely controlling the exhaust brake valve to appropriately increase exhaust back pressure without excessive deceleration, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of exhaust gas flowing through the SCR. Simultaneously, a preheating grille is activated to actively increase the intake air temperature to raise the exhaust temperature, and grille preheating activation principles are implemented. The specific prediction modes are as follows: long downhill and extreme long downhill modes are pre-set; after the corresponding conditions are met, the vehicle enters standard mode and enhanced mode. Different modes are used to regulate the actions of the engine and aftertreatment side in four stages: before downhill, during downhill, near the end of downhill, and at the end of downhill. This allows for the regulation of temperature and ammonia storage levels, preventing instantaneous emissions exceeding standards due to instability in temperature and ammonia storage levels. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the transmission process when a vehicle emission method based on high-precision map prediction is applied to a corresponding component of the vehicle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the generation of predicted operating conditions for a vehicle emission method based on high-precision map prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Obtain high-precision maps;

[0027] The system analyzes the gradient information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyzes the road within the first distance in front of the vehicle, generates predicted operating conditions, and adjusts the emission mode accordingly.

[0028] The generated predicted working conditions include downhill identification and downhill status judgment;

[0029] The emission modes include standard mode and enhanced mode;

[0030] The downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope;

[0031] The downhill state determination includes entering the "long downhill approaching" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than a first slope threshold; and entering the "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold.

[0032] The entry into the long downhill approach state includes obtaining the downhill starting point and entering the standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill starting point.

[0033] The process of entering an extremely long downhill state includes obtaining the downhill starting point and entering an enhanced mode when the vehicle is three distances away from the predicted downhill starting point.

[0034] Specifically, the first distance, the first length threshold, and the second length threshold; the first slope threshold can be set by the user. In a preferred embodiment, the first slope threshold (S1) is a negative number; the smaller the first slope threshold, the greater the slope, for example, -0.4%. The first distance is preferably 2-5 km ahead. The second length threshold (L2) is a value greater than the first length threshold (L1), for example, the first length threshold is 3 km and the second length threshold is 8 km.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the standard mode includes the following stages: Standard mode first stage, preparation and energy storage, including engine thermal management and after-treatment parameter preset when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill starting point; Standard mode second stage, preparation and maintenance, including when the vehicle is detected to be entering the downhill section, the engine increases the mixing of urea and exhaust gas to increase heat exchange efficiency; maintains the temperature on the after-treatment side below 190°C and above 180°C, and further increases the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage; Standard mode third stage, prediction and transient control, including identifying the downhill end point, when the vehicle's current position is a fourth distance away from the end point of the slope, the engine side loads a pre-calibrated dedicated transient MAP "low emission transient standard correction MAP", limits the rail pressure rise rate, delays timing, and activates torque filtering; the after-treatment side starts "urea micro-volume heat preservation injection" with extremely low flow rate continuous or pulse injection, and replenishes ammonia; Standard mode fourth stage, recovery, upon reaching the downhill end point, the engine and after-treatment side restore default values.

[0036] Specifically, the system identifies when a vehicle enters a downhill section, including when the vehicle passes the starting point of the downhill slope. In the second stage of standard mode, the specific method to increase the mixing and heat exchange efficiency of urea and exhaust gas is: adjusting the exhaust brake or in-cylinder brake opening on the engine side to optimize exhaust flow and the flow velocity through the SCR. Simultaneously, the aftertreatment side continues to temporarily lower the urea injection temperature threshold (e.g., further lowering it by 5-10°C, such as when the temperature is below 190°C but above 180°C) to allow for earlier ammonia storage establishment at lower exhaust temperatures, and increases the upper limit of the target ammonia storage capacity model for the SCR catalyst by a certain percentage (e.g., +10% to +20%). The third stage of standard mode includes: engine low-emission transient control: the ECU loads a pre-calibrated "low-emission transient standard correction MAP". When the driver requests rapid acceleration and the exhaust temperature is below 190°C, this MAP prioritizes suppressing NOx generation. Specifically, it moderately limits the rate of rail pressure rise, optimizes injection timing (potentially using a lower pre-injection quantity or slightly delayed main injection timing), and activates torque filtering. This sacrifices a minimal amount of initial torque response speed to ensure that NOx emissions are at the lowest possible level during initial acceleration. In the fourth stage of standard mode, all temporarily adjusted engine parameters such as torque and MAP smoothly transition back to their default calibration values; parameters such as urea injection temperature and target ammonia storage on the aftertreatment side smoothly revert to their default values. In the third stage of standard mode, the extremely low flow rate is 3-8% of the normal flow rate. Further increasing the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage refers to increasing the SCR target ammonia storage by 10% to 20%. The default value refers to the default values ​​for the engine and aftertreatment side before entering standard mode. During the "running and maintaining" phase, the core control objective is to maintain the SCR system temperature and basic ammonia storage to prevent complete deactivation. In the anticipation and transient control phase, the control objective is to prioritize and significantly suppress NOx emission during rapid acceleration, while simultaneously allowing the post-treatment system to quickly restore conversion efficiency.

[0037] As an optional implementation, the standard mode includes the following stages: Standard mode first stage, preparation and energy storage, including engine thermal management and after-treatment parameter preset when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill starting point; Standard mode second stage, preparation and maintenance, including when the vehicle is detected to be entering the downhill section, the engine increases the mixing of urea and exhaust gas to increase heat exchange efficiency; maintains the temperature on the after-treatment side below 190°C and above 180°C, and further increases the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage; Standard mode third stage, prediction and transient control, including identifying the downhill end point, when the vehicle's current position is a fourth distance away from the end point of the slope, the engine side loads a pre-calibrated dedicated transient MAP "low emission transient standard correction MAP", limits the rail pressure rise rate, delays timing, and activates torque filtering; the after-treatment side starts "urea micro-volume heat preservation injection" with extremely low flow rate continuous or pulse injection, and replenishes ammonia; Standard mode fourth stage, recovery, upon reaching the downhill end point, the engine and after-treatment side restore default values.

[0038] Specifically, restoring the engine and aftertreatment side to default values ​​includes smoothly transitioning all temporarily adjusted engine parameters such as torque and MAP back to their default calibration values. The aftertreatment side parameters such as urea injection temperature and target ammonia storage are smoothly restored to their default values. The extremely low flow rate is 3-8% of the normal flow rate. The upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage is further increased to 10%-20%. Default values ​​refer to the default values ​​of the engine and aftertreatment side before entering the enhanced mode. The second stage of the enhanced mode includes: increasing the exhaust brake or in-cylinder brake action (enhanced braking includes both exhaust brake and in-cylinder brake, one can be chosen) as permitted by safety regulations. By finely controlling the exhaust brake valve, the exhaust back pressure is appropriately increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the exhaust gas flowing through the SCR without excessive deceleration. Simultaneously, the preheating grille is activated to actively increase the intake air temperature to raise the exhaust temperature. The grille preheating activation principle is: activation occurs when the battery voltage is greater than 24V. The activation time can be set based on ambient temperature and pressure, and the time interval between two activations should be greater than 1 minute. The third stage of the enhanced mode includes: approximately 500 meters from the bottom of the slope, low-emission transient control of the engine, including the application of the "Ultra-Low Emission Transient Enhanced Correction MAP". This MAP is more conservative than the "Low Emission Transient Standard Correction MAP", with stricter restrictions on rail pressure and timing, and a larger activated torque filter coefficient. It sacrifices a small portion of the initial torque response speed to ensure the absolute lowest NOx emissions during rapid acceleration. Aftertreatment rapid response preparation includes continuous or pulsed injection at extremely low flow rates (e.g., 3-8% of normal flow) based on the exhaust temperature recovery rate and predicted ammonia storage, with a small amount of ammonia replenishment, to rebuild efficient NOx conversion capacity as quickly as possible. The control objective of the first stage is to increase the initial exhaust temperature and maximize "ammonia storage" to reserve heat and reducing agent for downhill driving. The control objective of the second stage is to maintain the SCR system temperature and basic ammonia storage to prevent complete deactivation. The control objective of the third stage is to prioritize and significantly suppress NOx emission generation during rapid acceleration, while allowing the aftertreatment system to quickly restore conversion efficiency.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the engine thermal management and aftertreatment parameter presets include: increasing the engine load and exhaust temperature by ΔT1 by adjusting the shift strategy and increasing the accessory load; reducing the urea injection temperature threshold on the aftertreatment side; and increasing the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage capacity.

[0040] Specifically, engine-side active thermal management includes: the ECU actively and gently intervening in driving behavior, such as adjusting shift strategies, increasing accessory loads (e.g., fan load), or making brief torque tweaks, to ensure the engine operates at a higher exhaust temperature before entering a downhill section. The goal is to actively increase the exhaust temperature by ΔT1 (e.g., 15-25°C) before entering a downhill section, maximizing initial heat reserves for the SCR system. Aftertreatment-side parameter presets include: temporarily lowering the urea injection temperature threshold (e.g., reducing it by 15-25°C, such as lowering the urea injection temperature threshold from over 200°C to 190°C), allowing ammonia storage to begin earlier at lower exhaust temperatures; simultaneously, increasing the upper limit of the target ammonia storage model for the SCR catalyst by a certain percentage (e.g., +20% to +30%), maximizing "ammonia inventory" within the limited time window before the downhill section. The control objective at this stage is: to increase the initial exhaust temperature, maximize "ammonia inventory," and reserve heat and reducing agent for the downhill section.

[0041] As an optional implementation, the second distance is 100-300 meters, and the third distance is 300-800 meters.

[0042] The second distance and the third distance can be adjusted as needed.

[0043] As an optional implementation, the fourth distance is 200-300 meters, and the fifth distance is 500 meters.

[0044] This invention provides a vehicle emission control device for long downhill driving conditions based on high-precision map prediction. It acquires a high-precision map, which is then analyzed by an intelligent connected controller (i.e., a smart terminal) to generate structured slope prediction information. This prediction information is sent to the engine electronic control unit (ECU), which then coordinates the engine side (e.g., the fuel injection system) and the aftertreatment side (e.g., the urea injection system) to control exhaust temperature and ammonia storage. Specifically, this includes precisely controlling the exhaust brake valve to appropriately increase exhaust back pressure without excessive deceleration, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the exhaust gas flowing through the SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) system. Simultaneously, it activates the preheating grille to actively increase the intake air temperature to raise the exhaust temperature, and implements grille preheating activation principles. The specific prediction mode is as follows: Long downhill and extreme long downhill modes are pre-set. Upon achieving the corresponding conditions, the vehicle enters standard mode and enhanced mode, respectively. Different modes are used to regulate the engine and aftertreatment side actions at four stages: before downhill, during downhill, near the end of downhill, and at the end of downhill. This regulates temperature and ammonia storage, preventing instantaneous emission exceedances caused by temperature and ammonia storage instability.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] This embodiment provides a vehicle emission device for long downhill driving conditions based on high-precision map prediction, which is used in the present invention to provide a vehicle emission method for long downhill driving conditions based on high-precision map prediction. The device is characterized by comprising: a map acquisition module for acquiring a high-precision map; and an emission module for parsing the slope information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyzing the road within a first distance ahead of the vehicle, generating a predicted driving condition, and adjusting the emission mode. The generation of the predicted driving condition includes downhill identification and downhill state judgment. The emission mode includes a standard mode and an enhanced mode. The downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope. The downhill state judgment includes entering a "long downhill approach" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than the first slope threshold; and entering an "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold. Entering the long downhill approach state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and entering the standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill start point. The process of entering an extremely long downhill state includes obtaining the downhill starting point; the enhanced mode is activated when the vehicle is three distances away from the predicted downhill starting point.

[0047] Example 3:

[0048] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, a RAM, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The device is characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps, as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0049] Example 4:

[0050] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of a method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0052] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0053] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0054] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0055] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain high-precision maps; The system analyzes the gradient information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyzes the road within the first distance in front of the vehicle, generates predicted operating conditions, and adjusts the emission mode accordingly. The generated predicted working conditions include downhill identification and downhill status judgment; The emission modes include standard mode and enhanced mode; The downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope; The downhill state determination includes entering the "long downhill approaching" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than a first slope threshold; and entering the "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold. The entry into the long downhill approach state includes obtaining the downhill starting point and entering the standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill starting point. The process of entering an extremely long downhill state includes obtaining the downhill starting point and entering an enhanced mode when the vehicle is three distances away from the predicted downhill starting point.

2. The method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The standard mode includes the following stages: The first stage of the standard mode is preparation and energy storage, which includes engine thermal management and after-treatment parameter presets when the vehicle is at the second distance from the predicted downhill starting point. In the second stage of standard mode, the engine is kept alive, including increasing the mixing of urea and exhaust gas when the vehicle is detected to be entering a downhill section, thereby increasing heat exchange efficiency; maintaining the temperature on the aftertreatment side below 190°C and above 180°C; and further increasing the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage capacity. In the third stage of standard mode, anticipation and transient control include identifying the end of the downhill slope. When the vehicle's current position is four distances from the end of the slope, the engine side loads a pre-calibrated dedicated transient MAP, "Low Emission Transient Standard Correction MAP," to limit the rate of rail pressure rise, delay timing, and activate torque filtering. The aftertreatment side starts "Urea Micro-Insulation Injection," injecting urea continuously or in pulses at extremely low flow rates to replenish ammonia. In the fourth stage of standard mode, recovery occurs at the end of the downhill section, including the engine and aftertreatment sides, returning to default values.

3. The method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The enhancement modes include: The first stage of the enhanced mode is preparation and energy storage, which includes engine thermal management and after-treatment parameter preset when the vehicle is three distances away from the predicted downhill starting point. In the second phase of the enhanced mode, the system is designed to maintain the vehicle's occupancy. This includes detecting when the vehicle enters a downhill section, increasing braking on the engine side, and intermittently activating the intake grille preheating to actively increase the intake air temperature. On the aftertreatment side, when the temperature is below 190°C but above 180°C, the upper limit of the SCR target ammonia storage capacity is further increased. The third stage of the enhanced mode involves anticipation and transient control, including identifying the end of the downhill slope. When the distance to the end of the slope is five, the engine side loads a pre-calibrated dedicated transient MAP: "Ultra-low emission transient enhancement correction MAP", which further increases the torque filtering coefficient and further limits the rail pressure rise rate and timing delay. The aftertreatment side starts "urea micro-volume heat preservation injection" to continuously or pulse injection at extremely low flow rates and replenish ammonia. The fourth stage of the enhanced mode is recovery, which includes recognizing that the vehicle has passed the end of the downhill section, and restoring the engine and after-treatment sides to their default values.

4. The method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The engine thermal management and aftertreatment parameter presets include: The engine increases engine load and exhaust temperature by ΔT1 through adjusting shift strategy and increasing accessory load; the aftertreatment side lowers the urea injection temperature threshold and increases the upper limit of SCR target ammonia storage.

5. The method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second distance is 100-300 meters, and the third distance is 300-800 meters.

6. The method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth distance is 200-300 meters, and the fifth distance is 500 meters.

7. A vehicle emission control device based on high-precision map prediction for long downhill driving conditions, characterized in that, A method for implementing vehicle emissions prediction under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises: The map acquisition module is used to acquire high-precision maps; the emission module is used to parse the slope information queue provided by the high-precision map, analyze the road within a first distance ahead of the vehicle, generate predicted operating conditions, and adjust the emission mode; the generation of predicted operating conditions includes downhill identification and downhill state judgment; the emission mode includes a standard mode and an enhanced mode; the downhill identification includes identifying the downhill start point and downhill end point, and further identifying the cumulative downhill length and average slope; the downhill state judgment includes entering a "long downhill approach" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a first length threshold and the average slope is less than the first slope threshold; and entering an "extreme long downhill" state when the cumulative downhill length exceeds a second length threshold; wherein, entering the long downhill approach state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and starting to enter the standard mode when the vehicle is a second distance away from the predicted downhill start point; wherein, entering the extreme long downhill state includes acquiring the downhill start point, and starting to enter the enhanced mode when the vehicle is a third distance away from the predicted downhill start point.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, a RAM, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for predicting vehicle emissions under long downhill conditions based on high-precision maps as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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