An internal gas collection device for a solar cell

Abstract

This invention discloses a gas collection device for internal solar cells, belonging to the field of performance testing technology. A fixed support suspends the device to form a top microcirculation layer, with adjustable damping on a sliding crossbar; a supporting column and end connector form a double-sided closed-loop limiting system; the main crossbar, sleeve, and connecting shaft form an integral frame; the central base, lower extension tube, and external port form a short-range outlet at the bottom; a cover plate, observation window, and central through-hole provide visual quick-connection. These five modules are interconnected, achieving integrated "top circulation, side rigidity, and bottom extraction," allowing for the entire process of insertion, sealing, perforation, and sampling without moving the entire device; the circumferential flow channel simultaneously removes residual gas at the top during vacuuming and reverses to flush out residual gas during Ar recharge; the forward-moving baffles force thermal convection and deflection, ensuring pre-uniform composition; the gas descends directly through the central through-hole, with heavy molecules preferentially extracted; the external port is located outside the cavity, allowing for sealed extraction, meeting the gas collection needs of solar-powered or conventionally generated batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of performance testing technology, and in particular to a gas collection device for an internal solar cell. Background Technology

[0002] A solar cell is a semiconductor device that directly converts sunlight into electrical energy. Its core structure consists of a pn structure. When sunlight shines on the surface of the cell, photon energy is absorbed by the semiconductor material, generating electron-hole pairs. Under the influence of a built-in electric field, the electrons and holes are separated and collected at the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, thus outputting a direct current. Common types of solar cells include crystalline silicon (monocrystalline and polycrystalline), thin-film (such as cadmium telluride and copper indium gallium selenide), and the emerging high-efficiency perovskite / silicon tandem cells. For long-term outdoor applications, the cells are usually encapsulated in modules composed of glass, EVA, and a backsheet to form solar cell modules. Under energized and illuminated conditions, side reactions may occur inside the cell, releasing trace amounts of gas. Therefore, a gas collection device is needed to capture and analyze the generated gas in situ.

[0003] Solar cells continuously release trace amounts of gas under illumination and power-on conditions. Traditional collection methods, such as simple vacuum bags or open-cavity sampling, suffer from three common problems: ① lack of internal flow guidance structures, leading to gas stagnation and condensation at the top, resulting in distorted composition; ② lack of rigid containment, causing expansion and warping during illumination and poor repeatability of puncture locations; ③ lengthy sampling paths requiring multiple openings and transfers, resulting in significant interference from background oxygen and water due to air infiltration, low detection accuracy, and safety hazards. Therefore, a gas collection device for internal solar cells is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a gas collection device for the internal structure of a solar cell.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an internal gas collection device for a solar cell, comprising a housing and an internal gas collection system, wherein the internal gas collection system is installed in the inner cavity of the housing, and the internal gas collection system comprises an upper sliding gas guide assembly disposed above the inner wall of the housing, and bottom lateral support column assemblies installed on both sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing, wherein the two sets of bottom lateral support column assemblies are laterally connected and laterally penetrate through the guide crossbar assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the upper sliding gas diversion assembly includes a fixed bracket and a transverse gas guide pipe horizontally installed above the side end face of the fixed bracket. The two transverse gas guide pipes are connected in series through a series connection pipe. A sliding support seat is installed below the side end face of the fixed bracket. The two sliding support seats are horizontally connected by two sliding cross bars. The two ends of the sliding cross bar can reciprocate horizontally with the positions above the two horizontally opened sliding support seats as the support points; The fixed bracket suspends the entire upper mechanism below the top cover plate, maintaining a "near-field" distance from the top surface of the battery, forming a "top microcirculation layer". As soon as the gas leaves the pressure relief port, it is intercepted, preventing it from directly冲向顶部盖板造成局部冷凝,固定支架为上部滑动式气体导流组件的其他部件提供刚性基准,保证抽真空或回充 Ar 时机构不振荡、不变形。

[0007] A "mouth" - shaped circumferential flow channel is formed between the transverse gas guide pipe and the series connection pipe, which is connected to the inner cavity of the bracket. During the vacuum pumping stage of the overall device, the circumferential flow channel becomes a "secondary pumping port", which can synchronously pump away the detained air mass at the top, shortening the pumping time; During the Ar injection stage, after the Ar rises from the bottom, it flushes back through the circumferential flow channel, and can "push" the residual air at the top towards the vacuum valve at one time. After breaking through the hole, it provides a 360° diffusion channel for the gas, quickly diluting the easily explosive H2, CO, etc., reducing the combustion and explosion risk.

[0008] The two sliding cross bars can reciprocate horizontally along the sliding support seats, forming an "adjustable damping grid".

[0009] During the stage of illuminating and powering on the solar cell, the temperature gradient on the battery surface is large and the thermal convection is strong; the series connection pipe can be moved forward 5 - 10 mm, acting as a "baffle plate" to forcibly reverse the upward airflow, prolonging the residence time, enabling different components to be pre - mixed in advance, and reducing the subsequent detection RSD from 6% to <2%; When treating conventional lithium batteries, during vacuum pumping, the series connection pipe is moved backward, the cross - sectional area of the flow channel increases by 20%, the pressure drop decreases, preventing the electrolyte from being "pumped away". The surface of the series connection pipe can be covered with a PTFE coating. The condensed carbonate droplets automatically converge into drops during reciprocating vibration and flow back along the rod to the battery shell, reducing the entry of 70% of the condensed residual liquid into the sampling pipeline and protecting the detector.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom side - supporting column assembly includes a support column and an intermediate connector installed at the middle position of the support column. The other end of the intermediate connector is installed with an end fixed joint; The support columns are vertically fixed at the bottom of the cavity, forming a pair of rigid "side walls" that firmly clamp the left end face of the battery.

[0011] It should be noted that there is an unclear expression "冲向顶部盖板造成局部冷凝" in the original Chinese text, which may need to be further clarified for a more accurate translation. The above translation is based on the existing text as much as possible.The height of the support column is matched with the thickness of the battery, so that the center of gravity of the battery falls on the "neutral surface" of the entire fixture. When vacuuming or recharging Ar, the airflow impact is less likely to cause micro-vibration, thus avoiding the expansion of cracks due to vibration when the hole is punctured.

[0012] The intermediate connector is located in the middle section of the support column and can be adjusted back and forth by 2–3 mm to form a “soft contact” with the side of the battery. The end fixing joint locks the support column and the horizontal connecting and guide crossbar assembly into one piece, forming a “U”-shaped closed-loop frame. The closed-loop structure converts the battery expansion force into the tensile stress of the crossbar. The column itself is almost unaffected by bending moment and will not deform after long-term use.

[0013] The end fixing connector also acts as a "positioning pin" for the lateral connection and guide crossbar assembly, ensuring that the lateral crossbar and the back of the battery always remain parallel, the verticality deviation of the puncture pin is ≤0.1 mm, the repeatability of the pin puncture position is ±0.2 mm, and the data comparability is improved.

[0014] Preferably, the internal gas collection system further includes a bottom center gas outlet assembly installed at the center of the bottom of the housing, the bottom center gas outlet assembly including a center base and a lower extension pipe installed at the center below the center base.

[0015] Preferably, a central through hole is formed at the center of the lower extension tube, a bottom connector is installed at the bottom of the lower extension tube, and an external port is installed at the center of the bottom of the bottom connector; The central base directly supports the solar cell, evenly transferring its weight and the micro-expansion force generated by light and heating to the bottom of the outer shell, thereby ensuring that the cell is always horizontal and centered, providing a stable reference surface for the pin to puncture.

[0016] The lower extension tube longitudinally connects the inner cavity of the central base with the space below, forming the first "descending flow channel". This allows the gas released from the battery to be immediately "pulled" to the bottom, avoiding the formation of a stagnant layer on the back of the battery and shortening the homogenization time.

[0017] The axial hole at the center of the lower extension tube is the only channel for gas to enter the pumping pipeline. Through the matching of orifice diameter and length, a micro pressure difference of 50-100 Pa is generated during the vacuuming stage, which preferentially removes heavy molecules such as HF and SO2 and reduces top condensation.

[0018] The bottom connector locks tightly with the bottom opening of the housing, achieving an "inner-outer" transition. It provides standard conical or ferrule interfaces, allowing for quick switching of vacuum pumps, Ar gas sources, or testing instruments with zero-tool changes.

[0019] The external port is the final interface to the outside, and can be directly connected to a syringe, GC or MS. Since the port is located outside the cavity, there is no need to open the top cover during sampling, ensuring a completely sealed environment and preventing air from seeping in.

[0020] Preferably, the transverse connection and guide crossbar assembly includes a main crossbar and a sleeve housing installed on the side end face of the main crossbar. The inner wall of the sleeve housing has inner wall grooves on both sides. The two ends of the sleeve housing are connected in series by connecting shafts. A center fixing member is installed at the center position of the connecting shaft.

[0021] The main crossbar connects the two sets of bottom lateral support columns into a rigid frame, suppressing the outward expansion of the columns caused by battery expansion; at the same time, it provides a horizontal reference for the entire set of internal components, ensuring that the pin is aligned with the center of the battery.

[0022] The outer casing of the sleeve covers the outer periphery of the main crossbar, and the inner cavity forms a secondary flow channel; the outer wall and the cavity form upper and lower dual zones, guiding the gas to first go downward and then rise, realizing natural convection premixing.

[0023] The inner wall groove provides precision guidance for the connecting shaft, allowing the shaft to slide steplessly within a 5 mm stroke; it allows for slight movement of the shaft during vacuuming or Ar refilling, automatically compensating for thermal expansion and contraction and preventing jamming.

[0024] The connecting shaft rigidly connects the left and right sleeve sections to maintain the overall coaxiality of the crossbeam; the shaft body is hollow and can be embedded with a Φ1 / 16″ sampling capillary tube to achieve "in-beam wiring" and reduce the dead volume of external pipelines.

[0025] The central fixing component is located in the center of the shaft and can be used to install miniature three-way valves, temperature or pressure sensors; it can be used to take samples on-site 30 seconds after the hole is broken, and can also be used as a pressure tapping point for online monitoring, thus shortening the detection lag time.

[0026] Preferably, the outer shell includes a main shell and a bottom pad layer laid at the bottom of the main shell. A top cover plate is installed on the top of the main shell. A front observation window is installed in front of the top cover plate. A top center through hole is opened at the top center position of the top cover plate. The center positions of the top cover plate and the top center through hole are both laid with acrylic structure. The main housing is a rigid container that withstands vacuum / slight positive pressure, providing a reference coordinate for all internal functional components. The bottom padding layer provides elastic sealing and cushioning, absorbing battery expansion and column impact to ensure zero leakage under vacuum. The top cover is a removable, closed end, allowing for a complete cycle of "insertion-sealing-puncture-sampling" without moving the entire unit. The front observation window is made of transparent acrylic, allowing real-time visual confirmation of battery position, pin puncture, and airflow status. The top center through-hole integrates a "one-stop quick-connect port" for pins, vacuum valves, electrodes, or optical fibers, maintaining a seal while completing four inputs: puncture, evacuation, power supply, and light transmission.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A fixed bracket suspends the top microcirculation layer, with adjustable damping on the sliding crossbar; the supporting column and end connector form a double-sided closed-loop limiting system; the main crossbar, sleeve, and connecting shaft are pulled together to form an integral frame; the central base, lower extension tube, and external port form a short-distance outlet at the bottom; the cover plate, observation window, and central through hole provide visual quick insertion. These five modules are mutually referenced, achieving integrated "top circulation, side rigidity, and bottom extraction," allowing for the entire process of insertion, sealing, perforation, and sampling to be completed without moving the entire machine.

[0028] 2. The circumferential flow channel simultaneously removes the stagnant gas mass at the top during vacuuming and flushes out residual gas during Ar recharging; the forward-moving baffles force thermal convection and deflection, ensuring pre-uniform composition; the gas descends directly through the central through-hole, with heavy molecules preferentially extracted; the external port is located outside the cavity, allowing for sealed sampling. The process is continuous, uniform, and rapid, meeting the gas collection needs of solar-powered or conventional batteries.

[0029] 3. The column converts expansion force into tensile stress in the crossbar, ensuring no deformation during long-term clamping; the PTFE coating guides the condensate backflow, reducing pipeline contamination; the fully enclosed sampling system minimizes the risk of combustion and explosion; the HF-resistant structure ensures stable operation over long periods, and maintenance is simple, safe, and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a gas collection device inside a solar cell proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a gas collection device inside a solar cell proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper sliding gas guide component structure of a solar cell internal gas collection device proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom lateral support column assembly structure of a solar cell internal gas collection device proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom center gas outlet component structure of a solar cell internal gas collection device proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the bottom central gas outlet component structure of a solar cell internal gas collection device proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse connection and guide crossbar assembly structure of a solar cell internal gas collection device proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intermediate connector of a gas collection device inside a solar cell proposed in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 11. Main shell; 12. Bottom pad; 13. Top cover; 14. Front observation window; 15. Top center through hole; 2. Internal gas collection system; 21. Upper sliding gas guide assembly; 211. Fixed bracket; 212. Horizontal gas guide pipe; 213. Series connecting pipe; 214. Sliding support seat; 215. Sliding crossbar; 22. Bottom lateral support column assembly; 221. Support column; 222. Intermediate connector; 223. End fixing joint; 23. Horizontal connection and guide crossbar assembly; 231. Main crossbar; 232. Sleeve outer shell; 233. Inner wall groove; 234. Connecting shaft; 235. Center fixing piece; 24. Bottom center gas outlet assembly; 241. Center base; 242. Lower extension pipe; 243. Center through hole; 244. Bottom joint; 245. External port. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-8 Example 1: A solar cell internal gas collection device includes a housing 1 and an internal gas collection system 2. The internal gas collection system 2 is installed in the inner cavity of the housing 1. The internal gas collection system 2 includes an upper sliding gas guide assembly 21 located above the inner wall of the housing 1, and bottom lateral support column assemblies 22 installed on both sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing 1. The two sets of bottom lateral support column assemblies 22 are connected laterally and pass through a guide crossbar assembly 23.

[0034] The upper sliding gas guide assembly 21 includes a fixed bracket 211 and a transverse gas guide pipe 212 that is horizontally installed above the side end face of the fixed bracket 211. The two sets of transverse gas guide pipes 212 are connected in series by a series connecting pipe 213. A sliding support seat 214 is installed below the side end face of the fixed bracket 211. The two sets of sliding support seats 214 are horizontally connected by two sets of sliding crossbars 215. The two ends of the sliding crossbars 215 can reciprocate and slide horizontally with the position above the two sets of horizontally opened sliding support seats 214 as the support point. The fixed bracket 211 suspends the entire upper mechanism below the top cover plate 13, maintaining a "near field" distance from the top surface of the battery, forming a "top micro-circulation layer". As soon as the gas leaves the pressure relief port, it is intercepted, preventing it from directly rushing towards the top cover plate 13 and causing local condensation. The fixed bracket 211 provides a rigid reference for other components of the upper sliding gas guide assembly 21, ensuring that the mechanism does not vibrate or deform when vacuuming or recharging Ar.

[0035] The transverse air guide pipe 212 and the series connecting pipe 213 form a "U"-shaped annular flow channel, which is connected to the inner cavity of the support. During the vacuuming stage of the whole device, the annular flow channel becomes a "secondary extraction port", which can simultaneously extract the gas mass at the top and shorten the evacuation time. During the Ar injection stage, Ar rises from the bottom and is flushed in the reverse direction through the circumferential flow channel. This pushes the residual air at the top towards the vacuum valve in one go. After the pore is broken, it provides a 360° diffusion channel for the gas, which rapidly dilutes flammable gases such as H2 and CO, reducing the risk of combustion and explosion.

[0036] The two sets of sliding crossbars 215 can reciprocate along the sliding support 214 to form an "adjustable damping grid".

[0037] During the energization phase of solar cells under illumination, the surface temperature gradient is large, and thermal convection is intense. The series connecting tube 213 can be moved forward by 5–10 mm, acting as a "baffle" to force the upward airflow back, prolonging the residence time and allowing different components to be premixed in advance. This reduces the RSD from 6% to <2% in subsequent detection. During conventional lithium battery processing, the series connecting tube 213 is moved backward during vacuuming, increasing the flow channel cross-sectional area by 20% and reducing the pressure drop, thus preventing the electrolyte from being "spun away". The surface of the series connecting tube 213 can be covered with a PTFE coating, and the condensed carbonate droplets automatically converge into droplets during reciprocating vibration and flow back to the battery casing along the rod, reducing the amount of condensed residual liquid entering the sampling pipeline by 70% and protecting the detector.

[0038] Example 2: The bottom lateral support column assembly 22 includes a support column 221 and an intermediate connector 222 installed in the middle of the support column 221. The other end of the intermediate connector 222 is equipped with an end fixing joint 223. The support column 221 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the cavity, forming a pair of rigid "side walls" that firmly clamp the left end of the battery.

[0039] The height of the support column 221 is matched with the thickness of the battery, so that the center of gravity of the battery falls on the "neutral surface" of the entire fixture. When vacuuming or recharging Ar, the airflow impact is less likely to cause micro-vibration, thus avoiding the expansion of cracks due to vibration at the moment of the hole.

[0040] The intermediate connector 222 is located in the middle section of the support column 221 and can be adjusted back and forth by 2–3 mm to form a “soft contact” with the side of the battery. The end fixing connector 223 locks the support column 221 and the transverse connecting and guide crossbar assembly 23 into one piece, forming a “U”-shaped closed-loop frame. The closed-loop structure converts the battery expansion force into the tensile stress of the crossbar. The column itself is almost unaffected by bending moment and will not deform after long-term use.

[0041] The end fixing connector 223 also serves as the "positioning pin" for the transverse connection and guide crossbar assembly 23, ensuring that the transverse crossbar and the back of the battery always remain parallel, the verticality deviation of the puncture pin is ≤0.1 mm, the repeatability of the pin puncture position is ±0.2 mm, and the data comparability is improved.

[0042] In embodiment 3, the internal gas collection system 2 further includes a bottom center gas outlet assembly 24 installed at the bottom center of the outer casing 1. The bottom center gas outlet assembly 24 includes a center base 241 and a lower extension pipe 242 installed at the center below the center base 241.

[0043] A central through hole 243 is opened at the center of the lower extension tube 242, a bottom connector 244 is installed at the bottom of the lower extension tube 242, and an external port 245 is installed at the center of the bottom of the bottom connector 244. The central base 241 directly supports the solar cell, and evenly transfers its weight and the micro-expansion force generated by light and heating to the bottom of the outer shell 1, thereby ensuring that the cell is always horizontal and centered, providing a stable reference surface for the pin to puncture.

[0044] The lower extension tube 242 longitudinally connects the inner cavity of the central base 241 with the space below, forming the first "descending flow channel", which immediately "pulls" the gas released by the battery to the bottom, avoiding the formation of a stagnant layer on the back of the battery and shortening the homogenization time.

[0045] The axial hole at the center of the 243 central through-hole is the only channel for gas to enter the pumping pipeline. Through the matching of orifice diameter and length, a micro pressure difference of 50–100 Pa is generated during the vacuuming stage, which preferentially removes heavy molecules such as HF and SO2 and reduces top condensation.

[0046] The bottom connector 244 is locked and sealed to the bottom opening of the housing 1 to achieve an "inner-outer" transition. It provides a standard conical or ferrule interface, which can quickly switch vacuum pumps, Ar gas sources or testing instruments, and allows for tool-free replacement.

[0047] The external port 245 is the final external interface, which can directly insert a syringe and connect to a GC or MS. Since the port is located outside the cavity, there is no need to open the top cover 13 during sampling, ensuring a completely sealed environment and preventing air from seeping in.

[0048] Example 4: The transverse connection and guide crossbar assembly 23 includes a main crossbar 231 and a sleeve housing 232 installed on the side end face of the main crossbar 231. The inner wall of the sleeve housing 232 has inner wall grooves 233 on both sides. The two ends of the sleeve housing 232 are connected in series by a connecting shaft 234. A center fixing member 235 is installed at the center position of the connecting shaft 234.

[0049] The main crossbar 231 connects the two sets of bottom lateral support column assemblies 22 into a rigid frame, suppressing the outward expansion of the columns caused by battery expansion; at the same time, it provides a horizontal reference for the entire set of internal components, ensuring that the pin is aligned with the center of the battery.

[0050] The outer casing 232 covers the outer periphery of the main crossbar 231, and the inner cavity forms a secondary flow channel; the outer wall and the cavity form an upper and lower dual zone, guiding the gas to first go downward and then rise, so as to achieve natural convection premixing.

[0051] The inner wall groove 233 provides precision guidance for the connecting shaft 234, allowing the shaft to slide steplessly within a 5 mm stroke; it allows the shaft to move slightly during vacuuming or Ar refilling, automatically compensating for thermal expansion and contraction and avoiding jamming.

[0052] The connecting shaft 234 rigidly connects the left and right sleeve sections in series to maintain the overall coaxiality of the crossbeam; the shaft body is hollow and can be embedded with a Φ1 / 16″ sampling capillary tube to achieve "in-beam wiring" and reduce the dead volume of external pipelines.

[0053] The central fixing component 235 is located in the center of the shaft and can be used to install miniature three-way valves, temperature or pressure sensors; it can be used to take samples on-site 30 seconds after the hole is broken, and can also be used as a pressure tapping point for online monitoring, thus shortening the detection lag time.

[0054] Example 5: The outer shell 1 includes a main shell 11 and a bottom pad 12 laid at the bottom of the main shell 11. A top cover plate 13 is installed on the top of the main shell 11. A front observation window 14 is installed in front of the top cover plate 13. A top center through hole 15 is opened at the top center of the top cover plate 13. The center positions of the top cover plate 13 and the top center through hole 15 are both laid with acrylic structures. The main housing 11 is a rigid container that withstands vacuum / slight positive pressure, providing a reference coordinate for all internal functional components. The bottom pad 12 provides elastic sealing and cushioning, absorbing battery expansion and column impact to ensure zero leakage under vacuum. The top cover 13 is a detachable closed end, enabling the entire cycle of "placement-sealing-puncture-sampling" without moving the entire machine. The front observation window 14 is an acrylic transparent area, allowing real-time visual confirmation of the battery position, pin puncture, and airflow status. The top center through hole 15 is a "one-stop quick-connect port" integrating pins, vacuum valves, electrodes, or optical fibers, maintaining a seal while completing four inputs: puncture, evacuation, power supply, and light transmission.

[0055] In summary: The fixed bracket 211 suspends the entire upper mechanism below the top cover plate 13, maintaining a "near-field" distance from the top surface of the battery, forming a "top micro-circulation layer". As soon as the gas leaves the pressure relief port, it is intercepted, preventing it from directly rushing towards the top cover plate 13 and causing local condensation. The fixed bracket 211 provides a rigid reference for other components of the upper sliding gas guide assembly 21, ensuring that the mechanism does not vibrate or deform when vacuuming or recharging Ar.

[0056] The transverse air guide pipe 212 and the series connecting pipe 213 form a "U"-shaped annular flow channel, which is connected to the inner cavity of the support. During the vacuuming stage of the whole device, the annular flow channel becomes a "secondary extraction port", which can simultaneously extract the gas mass at the top and shorten the evacuation time. During the Ar injection stage, Ar rises from the bottom and is flushed in the reverse direction through the circumferential flow channel. This pushes the residual air at the top towards the vacuum valve in one go. After the pore is broken, it provides a 360° diffusion channel for the gas, which rapidly dilutes flammable gases such as H2 and CO, reducing the risk of combustion and explosion.

[0057] The two sets of sliding crossbars 215 can reciprocate along the sliding support 214 to form an "adjustable damping grid".

[0058] During the energization phase of solar cells under illumination, the surface temperature gradient is large, and thermal convection is intense. The series connecting tube 213 can be moved forward by 5–10 mm, acting as a "baffle" to force the upward airflow back, prolonging the residence time and allowing different components to be premixed in advance. This reduces the RSD from 6% to <2% in subsequent detection. During conventional lithium battery processing, the series connecting tube 213 is moved backward during vacuuming, increasing the flow channel cross-sectional area by 20% and reducing the pressure drop, thus preventing the electrolyte from being "spun away". The surface of the series connecting tube 213 can be covered with a PTFE coating, and the condensed carbonate droplets automatically converge into droplets during reciprocating vibration and flow back to the battery casing along the rod, reducing the amount of condensed residual liquid entering the sampling pipeline by 70% and protecting the detector.

[0059] The support column 221 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the cavity, forming a pair of rigid "side walls" that firmly clamp the left end of the battery.

[0060] The height of the support column 221 is matched with the thickness of the battery, so that the center of gravity of the battery falls on the "neutral surface" of the entire fixture. When vacuuming or recharging Ar, the airflow impact is less likely to cause micro-vibration, thus avoiding the expansion of cracks due to vibration at the moment of the hole.

[0061] The intermediate connector 222 is located in the middle section of the support column 221 and can be adjusted back and forth by 2–3 mm to form a “soft contact” with the side of the battery. The end fixing connector 223 locks the support column 221 and the transverse connecting and guide crossbar assembly 23 into one piece, forming a “U”-shaped closed-loop frame. The closed-loop structure converts the battery expansion force into the tensile stress of the crossbar. The column itself is almost unaffected by bending moment and will not deform after long-term use.

[0062] The end fixing connector 223 also serves as the "positioning pin" for the transverse connection and guide crossbar assembly 23, ensuring that the transverse crossbar and the back of the battery always remain parallel, the verticality deviation of the puncture pin is ≤0.1 mm, the repeatability of the pin puncture position is ±0.2 mm, and the data comparability is improved.

[0063] The central base 241 directly supports the solar cell, and evenly transfers its weight and the micro-expansion force generated by light and heating to the bottom of the outer shell 1, thereby ensuring that the cell is always horizontal and centered, providing a stable reference surface for the pin to puncture.

[0064] The lower extension tube 242 longitudinally connects the inner cavity of the central base 241 with the space below, forming the first "descending flow channel", which immediately "pulls" the gas released by the battery to the bottom, avoiding the formation of a stagnant layer on the back of the battery and shortening the homogenization time.

[0065] The axial hole at the center of the 243 central through-hole is the only channel for gas to enter the pumping pipeline. Through the matching of orifice diameter and length, a micro pressure difference of 50–100 Pa is generated during the vacuuming stage, which preferentially removes heavy molecules such as HF and SO2 and reduces top condensation.

[0066] The bottom connector 244 is locked and sealed to the bottom opening of the housing 1 to achieve an "inner-outer" transition. It provides a standard conical or ferrule interface, which can quickly switch vacuum pumps, Ar gas sources or testing instruments, and allows for tool-free replacement.

[0067] The external port 245 is the final external interface, which can directly insert a syringe and connect to a GC or MS. Since the port is located outside the cavity, there is no need to open the top cover 13 during sampling, ensuring a completely sealed environment and preventing air from seeping in.

[0068] The main crossbar 231 connects the two sets of bottom lateral support column assemblies 22 into a rigid frame, suppressing the outward expansion of the columns caused by battery expansion; at the same time, it provides a horizontal reference for the entire set of internal components, ensuring that the pin is aligned with the center of the battery.

[0069] The outer casing 232 covers the outer periphery of the main crossbar 231, and the inner cavity forms a secondary flow channel; the outer wall and the cavity form an upper and lower dual zone, guiding the gas to first go downward and then rise, so as to achieve natural convection premixing.

[0070] The inner wall groove 233 provides precision guidance for the connecting shaft 234, allowing the shaft to slide steplessly within a 5 mm stroke; it allows the shaft to move slightly during vacuuming or Ar refilling, automatically compensating for thermal expansion and contraction and avoiding jamming.

[0071] The connecting shaft 234 rigidly connects the left and right sleeve sections in series to maintain the overall coaxiality of the crossbeam; the shaft body is hollow and can be embedded with a Φ1 / 16″ sampling capillary tube to achieve "in-beam wiring" and reduce the dead volume of external pipelines.

[0072] The central fixing component 235 is located in the center of the shaft and can be used to install miniature three-way valves, temperature or pressure sensors; it can be used to take samples on-site 30 seconds after the hole is broken, and can also be used as a pressure tapping point for online monitoring, thus shortening the detection lag time.

[0073] The main housing 11 is a rigid container that withstands vacuum / slight positive pressure, providing a reference coordinate for all internal functional components. The bottom pad 12 provides elastic sealing and cushioning, absorbing battery expansion and column impact to ensure zero leakage under vacuum. The top cover 13 is a detachable closed end, enabling the entire cycle of "placement-sealing-puncture-sampling" without moving the entire machine. The front observation window 14 is an acrylic transparent area, allowing real-time visual confirmation of the battery position, pin puncture, and airflow status. The top center through hole 15 is a "one-stop quick-connect port" integrating pins, vacuum valves, electrodes, or optical fibers, maintaining a seal while completing four inputs: puncture, evacuation, power supply, and light transmission.

[0074] The above describes the entire working principle of this invention.

[0075] In this invention, the installation, connection or setting methods of all the components mentioned above are common mechanical methods, and the specific structure, model and coefficient index of all the components are their own technologies. As long as they can achieve their beneficial effects, they can be implemented, so they will not be described in detail.

[0076] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0077] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, and vertical and horizontal" in the terminology only represent the orientation of the term in its conventional use or are common terms understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as limitations on the term. At the same time, numerals such as "first," "second," and "third" do not represent specific quantities or orders, but are merely used to distinguish names. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Claims

1. A solar cell internal gas collection device, comprising a housing (1) and an internal gas collection system (2), wherein the internal gas collection system (2) is installed in the inner cavity of the housing (1), characterized in that, The internal gas collection system (2) includes an upper sliding gas guide assembly (21) located above the inner wall of the outer shell (1) and a bottom lateral support column assembly (22) installed on both sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell (1). The two sets of bottom lateral support column assemblies (22) are connected laterally and pass through the guide crossbar assembly (23).

2. The internal gas collection device for a solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper sliding gas guide assembly (21) includes a fixed bracket (211) and a transverse gas guide pipe (212) installed horizontally above the side end face of the fixed bracket (211). The two sets of transverse gas guide pipes (212) are connected in series by a series connecting pipe (213). A sliding support seat (214) is installed below the side end face of the fixed bracket (211). The two sets of sliding support seats (214) are connected horizontally by two sets of sliding crossbars (215).

3. The internal gas collection device for a solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the sliding crossbar (215) can reciprocate laterally sliding with the position above the two sets of laterally opened sliding support seats (214) as the support point.

4. The internal gas collection device for a solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom lateral support column assembly (22) includes a support column (221) and an intermediate connector (222) installed in the middle of the support column (221). The other end of the intermediate connector (222) is equipped with an end fixing joint (223).

5. A gas collection device for an internal solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal gas collection system (2) further includes a bottom center gas outlet assembly (24) installed at the bottom center of the housing (1), the bottom center gas outlet assembly (24) including a center base (241) and a lower extension pipe (242) installed at the center below the center base (241).

6. A gas collection device for an internal solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, A central through hole (243) is opened at the center of the lower extension tube (242), a bottom connector (244) is installed at the bottom of the lower extension tube (242), and an external port (245) is installed at the center of the bottom of the bottom connector (244).

7. A gas collection device for an internal solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse connection and guide crossbar assembly (23) includes a main crossbar (231) and a sleeve shell (232) installed on the side end face of the main crossbar (231). The inner wall of the sleeve shell (232) has inner wall grooves (233) on both sides. The two ends of the sleeve shell (232) are connected in series by connecting shafts (234). A center fixing member (235) is installed at the center position of the connecting shaft (234).

8. A gas collection device for an internal solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) includes a main shell (11) and a bottom pad (12) laid at the bottom of the main shell (11). A top cover plate (13) is installed on the top of the main shell (11). A front observation window (14) is installed in front of the top cover plate (13). A top center through hole (15) is opened at the top center position of the top cover plate (13).

9. A gas collection device for an internal solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The center of both the top cover plate (13) and the top central through hole (15) is made of acrylic structure.

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