Weakly supervised medical image anomaly detection method based on random decoupling and geometric adversarial contrast

By introducing a stochastic decoupling bottleneck and a geometric adversarial contrastive loss function into the encoder-decoder neural network, combined with a topological stability binarization module, the problems of abnormal contamination and unstable localization in weakly supervised medical image anomaly detection are solved, achieving efficient and adaptive anomaly region detection.

CN122415487APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17MINJIANG UNIVERSITY

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
MINJIANG UNIVERSITY
Filing Date
2026-04-17
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing weakly supervised medical image anomaly detection methods are prone to anomaly contamination, low feature discrimination, and unstable localization results when faced with scarce abnormal samples. They are difficult to effectively identify subtle lesions, and existing methods do not capture global contextual information well, and the localization results rely on manual thresholds and are unstable.

Method used

A method based on random decoupling and geometric adversarial comparison is adopted. By combining a global context fusion module, a random decoupling bottleneck module, and a topological stability binarization module with a geometric adversarial comparison loss function, an encoder-decoder neural network is constructed to achieve adaptive anomaly region localization.

Benefits of technology

It significantly reduced the false alarm rate, improved the model's ability to distinguish subtle lesions, enhanced the automation and consistency of detection, and was able to adapt to medical images from different devices and with different contrasts, effectively capturing global anatomical information.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于随机解耦与几何对抗对比的弱监督医学图像异常检测方法,属于计算机视觉与医学图像处理技术领域。所述方法,包括:构建编码器‑解码器网络,编码器中集成全局上下文融合模块以捕获长距离依赖特征;在编码器与解码器间设置随机解耦瓶颈模块,通过通道混洗与随机丢弃注入结构化噪声,阻断异常特征传递,迫使模型学习正常模式;设计几何对抗对比损失函数,通过重建对比损失与对抗损失,在特征空间中显式地拉近正常样本并推远异常样本;最后,通过拓扑稳定性二值化模块自适应确定最佳分割阈值,实现鲁棒的异常区域定位。本发明仅需图像级标签进行训练,显著降低了标注成本,同时有效提升了医学图像异常检测的准确性与定位的稳定性。
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