A blockchain data privacy access control method and system

By combining layered identity encryption and homomorphic encryption technologies with smart contracts, the problems of key management and efficiency of hierarchical access control in blockchain data privacy access control are solved, achieving fast and secure permission management and data privacy protection.

CN122419923APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17ZHOUSHAN DONGHAI MICROCORE OCEAN DIGITAL SCIENCE INSTITUTE
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610681530.X
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-05-18
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing blockchain data privacy access control schemes suffer from problems such as complex key management, insufficient anonymity, low efficiency of hierarchical access control, and limited fine-grained flexibility, which cannot meet the needs of complex multi-level permission scenarios.

Method used

It employs layered identity encryption and homomorphic encryption technologies, combined with smart contracts. System parameters and keys are generated through a root key generation center. A hierarchical key chain with progressively authorized permissions is constructed using a key delegation algorithm. Access control is achieved by combining a decentralized identity directory and smart contracts on the blockchain. Encryption is performed off-chain, while evidence is stored and verified on-chain.

Benefits of technology

It achieves constant ciphertext size, fast key delegation and hierarchical authorization, supports homomorphic encryption computation, improves system security and performance, is suitable for multi-level permission scenarios, and reduces the impact on blockchain performance.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种区块链数据隐私访问控制方法及系统。所述方法包括系统初始化、层级密钥构建、链下加密、链上存证与验证、智能合约访问控制以及链下解密等步骤。本发明构建身份‑密钥‑数据信任体系,利用分层身份加密实现粒度化加密访问控制,确保上级可解密下级数据而反之不可,完美契合组织权限架构。同时采用链下加密计算、链上权限审计的分工模式:链下承担高耗时密码运算,链上仅存储密文与执行逻辑,既保障区块链高吞吐性能,又通过算法强度与密钥链下封闭管理构筑纵深安全防线。该架构无缝融合分层身份加密与区块链,实现了链上隐私存储与链下授权解密,在保留分布式账本优势的同时,大幅增强数据隐私保护能力。
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