Perspective conversion and metacognition ability testing method and platform

Abstract

The application discloses a perspective conversion and meta-cognition ability testing method and platform, the method comprises the following steps: in a space array with a three-dimensional sphere as a carrier, based on a determined perspective conversion condition, rotating and transforming the self orientation of a subject, generating and presenting a space array containing the new self orientation of the subject; based on the newly generated space array, determining a test position while shielding the display of the original five objects; collecting the judgment result of the subject on whether the object to be judged after the self orientation is rotated is located at the test position, and the confidence score submitted by the subject for the judgment result through a 7-point Likert scale; for the judgment result and the confidence score submitted by the subject under different perspective conversion conditions in the perspective conversion task, the test result of the subject is obtained. In the form of a perspective conversion task, the measurement of the meta-cognition monitoring ability related to the perspective conversion of an individual is completed through the completion of a behavior task and data collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of perspective shift and metacognitive assessment technology, and in particular to a perspective shift and metacognitive ability testing method and platform. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of cognitive ability assessment, perspective shifting ability is a core component of an individual's spatial cognition and theory of mind, while metacognitive monitoring ability reflects an individual's level of cognition and assessment of the accuracy of their own judgments. The comprehensive assessment of the two has important reference value for scenarios such as clinical cognitive impairment screening and selection of special occupational abilities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a method and platform for testing perspective shift and metacognitive ability. Through the completion of behavioral tasks and data collection, the method measures an individual's metacognitive monitoring ability related to perspective shift in the form of perspective shift tasks.

[0004] According to one aspect of this application, a method for testing perspective shifting and metacognitive abilities is provided, the method comprising: In response to any perspective shift task triggered by the subject, a spatial array with a three-dimensional sphere as the carrier is presented, and the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects corresponding to this perspective shift task is presented through the spatial array. The surface of the three-dimensional sphere is marked with spatial auxiliary lines, and the five objects are located on the spatial auxiliary lines. Among the five objects, there is a reference orientation object used to define the subject's initial self-orientation, and an object to be judged for testing. The subject's initial self-orientation is facing the reference orientation object and is located at the center of the three-dimensional sphere. Determine the perspective transformation conditions for adjusting the subject's own orientation, and while keeping the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects unchanged, rotate the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new own orientation. A test position is determined based on the newly generated spatial array, while the display of the original five objects is obscured. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation. The subjects' judgments on whether the object to be judged was located in the test position after rotating their own orientation were collected, as well as their confidence scores on the judgment results submitted by the subjects through a 7-point Likert scale. In the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence score of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence score of 7 indicates complete certainty. For each subject's judgment results and confidence score submitted under multiple different perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task, the overall performance index value, balanced integration score, and area under the subject's working characteristic curve were calculated and used as the subject's perspective switching and metacognitive ability test results for this perspective switching task.

[0005] According to another aspect of this application, a perspective shifting and metacognitive ability testing platform is provided, the platform comprising: The spatial array presentation module is used to respond to any perspective change task triggered by the subject and present a spatial array with a three-dimensional sphere as the carrier. The spatial array presents the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects corresponding to this perspective change task. The surface of the three-dimensional sphere is marked with spatial auxiliary lines, and the five objects are located on the spatial auxiliary lines. Among the five objects, there is a reference orientation object used to define the subject's initial orientation and an object to be judged for testing. The subject's initial orientation is facing the reference orientation object and is located at the center of the three-dimensional sphere. The perspective transformation module is used to determine the perspective transformation conditions for adjusting the subject's own orientation, and while keeping the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects unchanged, it rotates and transforms the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new own orientation. The test position generation module is used to determine a test position based on the newly generated spatial array, while simultaneously obscuring the display of the original five objects. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation. The judgment result acquisition module is used to collect the subject's judgment result on whether the object to be judged is located in the test position after rotating their own orientation, as well as the confidence score on the judgment result submitted by the subject through a 7-point Likert scale. In the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence score of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence score of 7 indicates complete certainty. The test result generation module is used to calculate the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score, and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subject under multiple different perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task. These are used together as the test results of the subject's perspective switching and metacognitive abilities for this perspective switching task.

[0006] Using the above technical solution, this application provides a method and platform for testing perspective shifting and metacognitive abilities. In a spatial array using a three-dimensional sphere as a carrier, the subject's orientation is rotated based on defined perspective shifting conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new orientation. A test position is determined based on the newly generated spatial array, while the display of the original five objects is obscured. The subject's judgment results regarding whether the object to be judged is located at the test position after the orientation rotation are collected, along with a confidence score submitted using a 7-point Likert scale. The test results are obtained by considering the subject's judgment results and confidence scores submitted under multiple different perspective shifting conditions in the perspective shifting task. Through the completion of a behavioral task and data collection, the metacognitive monitoring ability related to perspective shifting is measured in the form of a perspective shifting task.

[0007] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a perspective shift and metacognitive ability testing method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 This illustration shows a login interface diagram of a metacognitive monitoring and testing software provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a response instruction video interface provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This illustration shows a left-right tilting diagram provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This illustration shows a front-to-back tilting diagram provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of left-right rotation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a subject's judgment test location provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a perspective shift and metacognitive ability testing platform provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0010] This embodiment provides a method for testing perspective shifting and metacognitive abilities, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step 101: In response to any perspective transition task triggered by the subject, a spatial array with a three-dimensional sphere as the carrier is presented, and the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects corresponding to this perspective transition task is presented through the spatial array. The surface of the three-dimensional sphere is marked with spatial auxiliary lines, and the five objects are located on the spatial auxiliary lines. Among the five objects, there is a reference orientation object used to define the subject's initial self-orientation, and an object to be judged for testing. The subject's initial self-orientation is facing the reference orientation object and is located at the center of the three-dimensional sphere.

[0011] In a gravity-defying environment, humans can float in the air, resulting in unique perspective experiences for each individual. Long-term perspective experiences may form cognitive patterns specific to this environment, positively enhancing metacognitive monitoring abilities for related tasks. Currently, there is no paradigm or tool, either domestically or internationally, that can enhance an individual's perspective-switching experience through ground-based training programs, and combine this with behavioral and EEG information to effectively measure and study an individual's metacognitive monitoring abilities related to perspective-switching under specific influences. The embodiments described in this application aim to fill this gap.

[0012] Specifically, metacognition refers to an individual's ability to monitor and regulate their own cognitive processes, including self-assessment and control of cognitive activities such as memory, learning, and problem-solving. Metacognitive monitoring is a core component of metacognition, involving the real-time monitoring and adjustment of an individual's cognitive state when performing tasks.

[0013] The embodiments described above in this application can be applied to metacognitive monitoring and testing software, namely, a perspective shift and metacognitive ability testing platform, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 It includes two tasks. The above embodiment of this application corresponds to task 2 - the perspective switching task. When the subject clicks on the perspective switching task through the software, the software can present a video explaining the answer (e.g., Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it is used to clearly show the test content and test method to the test subjects, so as to facilitate the test subjects to switch perspectives when answering the task.

[0014] More specifically, in response to any perspective shift task triggered by the subject, the software begins playing an instructional video. Within this video, a spatial array using a three-dimensional sphere as its carrier is presented on the interface. This spatial array then reveals the relative spatial positions of the five objects corresponding to this perspective shift task. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 In the center, on the left, is a spatial array using a three-dimensional sphere as its framework. Five objects are represented by green and orange circles. The orange circle represents a pre-designated reference orientation object, used to define the subject's initial orientation. The black lines on the surface of the three-dimensional sphere are spatial guide lines. The white humanoid figure represents the simulated subject, initially facing the reference orientation object and positioned at the center of the three-dimensional sphere, while simultaneously facing the orange reference orientation object. Figure 5 As shown.

[0015] Step 102: Determine the perspective transformation conditions for adjusting the subject's own orientation, and while keeping the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects unchanged, rotate the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new own orientation.

[0016] Step 103: Determine a test position based on the newly generated spatial array, while simultaneously obscuring the display of the original five objects. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation.

[0017] Next, the perspective transition boundaries are anchored to avoid perspective deviations and ensure the standardization and consistency of task execution. Quantifying rotation parameters provides a clear basis for perspective transitions, improving the repeatability and standardization of the task. Matching the subject's standing posture makes the perspective transitions more realistic, enhancing the task's rationality and scientific validity, simulating spatial perspective changes, recreating real spatial cognition scenarios, and improving the ecological validity of the experiment. Providing dynamic references for subjects helps them develop a sense of spatial orientation, optimizing the quality of their spatial cognition task performance. The generated new array can serve as a quantitative analysis platform, facilitating accurate assessment of subjects' spatial transition abilities.

[0018] Optionally, the perspective transformation conditions correspond to single-axis perspective transformation conditions and dual-axis perspective transformation conditions. In step 102, the subject's own orientation is rotated based on the determined perspective transformation conditions, including: Step 1021: If the viewpoint conversion condition is a single-axis viewpoint conversion condition, then determine a single rotation axis and the rotation angle of the rotation axis, and rotate the subject's own orientation along the single rotation axis by the rotation angle. Step 1022: If the viewpoint conversion condition is a dual-axis viewpoint conversion condition, then determine the two rotation axes and the corresponding rotation angles of each rotation axis, and rotate the subject's own orientation along the two rotation axes by their respective rotation angles.

[0019] Accordingly, the perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results include single-axis perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results and dual-axis perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results. In step 105, for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under multiple different perspective shifting conditions in the perspective shifting task, the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score, and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve are calculated, which together serve as the subject's perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results for this perspective shifting task, including: Step 1051: For the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under the single-axis perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task, calculate the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve, and use them together as the subject's single-axis perspective switching and metacognitive ability test results in this perspective switching task. Step 1052: When the perspective switching condition is a dual-axis perspective switching condition, for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under each dual-axis perspective switching condition in the perspective switching task, calculate the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve, and use them together as the subject's dual-axis perspective switching and metacognitive ability test results in this perspective switching task.

[0020] In the above embodiments of this application, it can cover both single-axis and dual-axis perspective conversion scenarios, adapt to different experimental needs, and improve the flexibility of the scheme; it clarifies the rotation transformation logic under the two types of conditions, the operation path is clear, it can accurately control the subject's orientation adjustment, ensure the standardization and reliability of perspective conversion experiments, and at the same time, it outputs test results in categories, making them more detailed and accurate.

[0021] Optionally, in step 1021, rotating the subject's orientation along a single rotation axis by the rotation angle includes: Step 10211, determine the rotation direction, wherein the rotation direction includes tilting left and right, rotating left and right, and tilting forward and backward; Step 10212: When the rotation direction is left or right tilting, rotate the subject's own orientation along the X-axis by the rotation angle; Step 10213: When the rotation direction is left or right, rotate the subject's own orientation along the Z-axis by the rotation angle. Step 10214: When the rotation direction is forward or backward tilting, rotate the subject's own orientation along the Y-axis by the rotation angle.

[0022] In the above embodiments of this application, tilting left and right is an example. Figure 4 The red arrows in the diagram indicate directions, such as tilting forward or backward. Figure 5 The red arrows in the diagram indicate directions; for example, rotating left or right. Figure 6 The red arrows in the diagram indicate directions. Specifically, rotation can be performed in three directions, and the rotation angle can also include the tilting direction or the direction of rotation: Tilt left and right (along the X-axis). Figure 4 As shown, first determine the left / right tilting direction in the screen (display interface), then orient the subject along the X-axis and tilt in the selected tilting direction to complete the tilting with the specified rotation angle.

[0023] Tilting forward and backward (along the Y-axis). Figure 5 As shown, first determine the forward / backward rotation direction in the image, then orient the subject along the Y-axis and rotate in the selected rotation direction to complete the specified rotation angle.

[0024] Rotate left and right (along the Z-axis). Figure 6 As shown, first determine the left / right rotation direction in the image, then orient the subject along the Z-axis and rotate in the selected direction to complete the specified rotation angle.

[0025] Step 104: Determine a test position based on the newly generated spatial array, while simultaneously obscuring the display of the original five objects. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation.

[0026] Next, a test location is determined based on the newly generated spatial array, while simultaneously obscuring the display of the original five objects, for example... Figure 7 As shown on the far right, the purple circle represents the test position. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation.

[0027] Step 105: Collect the subject's judgment results on whether the object to be judged is located in the test position after rotating their own orientation, and the confidence score submitted by the subject on the judgment results through a 7-point Likert scale. In the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence score of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence score of 7 indicates complete certainty. Step 106: For the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under multiple different perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task, calculate the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve, and use them together as the subject's perspective switching and metacognitive ability test results for this perspective switching task.

[0028] Next, the subjects are asked to determine whether the object to be judged is located at the test position after rotating their orientation. The judgment result is, for example, yes or no. The screen shown to the subjects is as follows: Figure 7 The prompt reads, "Please press the number keys to determine whether the specified object (the object to be judged) is located at the purple ball after the rotation." Specific numbers correspond to different values, for example, 1 for yes and 2 for no. Participants can also submit a confidence rating based on a 7-point Likert scale. On the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence rating of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence rating of 7 indicates complete certainty. More specifically, 1 = complete uncertainty, 2 = somewhat uncertain, 3 = slightly uncertain, 4 = neutral, 5 = somewhat certain, 6 = fairly certain, and 7 = completely certain.

[0029] Next, the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score, and the area under the working characteristic curve of the subjects were calculated, which together served as the test results of the subjects' perspective switching and metacognitive abilities for this perspective switching task.

[0030] Optionally, in step 106, the overall performance indicator value is calculated, including: Step 1061: Perform binary encoding on the judgment results of each group of viewpoint transformation conditions in this viewpoint transformation task, where a correct judgment is recorded as 1 and an incorrect judgment is recorded as 0. Step 1062: Calculate the overall performance indicator value based on the overall performance indicator calculation formula, whereby the overall performance indicator calculation formula is: ， P represents the overall performance indicator value. This represents the total number of correct judgments. This indicates the total number of condition groups for perspective switching.

[0031] In the above embodiments of this application, performance is automatically calculated, the subjects' (recipients') performance in the perspective switching task is recorded in real time, and the "judgment result" of each group is binary encoded: A correct judgment is recorded as 1, and an incorrect judgment is recorded as 0.

[0032] Calculate overall performance indicators: ,in, This represents the total number of correct attempts. This indicates the total number of condition groups for perspective switching.

[0033] Optionally, in step 106, the balanced integration score is calculated, including: Step 1063: Calculate the average reaction time and accuracy rate under each group of perspective switching conditions; Step 1064: After standardizing the reaction time and accuracy, calculate the equilibrium integration score based on the equilibrium integration score calculation formula, the standardized reaction time, and the accuracy. The equilibrium integration score calculation formula is as follows: , Let be the balanced integration score under the j-th viewpoint transition condition in the i-th viewpoint transition task. Let PC be the z-score-normalized value of the accuracy under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task. Let RT be the z-score normalized value of the reaction time RT under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task.

[0034] In the above embodiments of this application, it is assumed that a certain perspective switching task (i=1) contains two sets of conditions: 1. j=1 (single-axis rotation 30°): Average RT of 5 tasks = 2050ms, PC = 80%; 2. j=2 (20° rotation on each axis): Average RT of 5 tasks = 2450ms, PC = 60%.

[0035] Standardization processes, for example: The mean RT was 2250 ms, the standard deviation was approximately 282.84 ms, zRT1 was approximately -0.707, and zRT2 was approximately 0.707. PC mean 70%, standard deviation ≈ 14.14%, zPC1 ≈ 0.707, zPC2 ≈ -0.707.

[0036] BIS calculation process, for example: BIS1=0.707-(-0.707)=1.414; BIS2=-0.707-0.707=-1.414.

[0037] In particular, BIS integrates speed and accuracy, indirectly linking metacognition to self-assessment of task performance: Regarding perspective switching capability: The higher the BIS, the higher the accuracy and the faster the response after standardization, and the more efficient the perspective switching task is (e.g., a high BIS in group j=1 indicates better performance in single-axis tasks). Regarding metacognitive ability: In conjunction with confidence score, if BIS is high and confidence is consistent with PC (high PC corresponds to high confidence), then metacognitive ability is strong (able to accurately assess one's own performance); otherwise, it is weak.

[0038] Optionally, in step 106, calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve includes: Step 1065: Based on the confidence scores of the subjects in identifying their test locations in multiple different motion trajectory judgment tasks, construct a second-order subject judgment confidence feature curve. Calculate the area under the subject operating characteristic curve using the subject judgment confidence feature curve and the trapezoidal integral method formula. The trapezoidal integral method formula is as follows: , AUROC represents the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The x-coordinate of the i-th point on the subject's confidence characteristic curve represents 1-specificity. The ordinate of the i-th point on the subject's confidence characteristic curve represents sensitivity. It is the total number of points on the subject's confidence characteristic curve.

[0039] In the embodiments described above in this application, most empirical research data do not satisfy an equal-variance normal distribution; therefore, the metrics based on the signal detection theory framework are no longer applicable. The non-parametric solution ROC—Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve—is used in metacognitive research. By using a confidence threshold based on system changes, a series of data points can be obtained, and a second-order ROC curve can be constructed. The Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curve is a core metric, and its calculation typically employs the trapezoidal rule.

[0040] ROC curve construction: Setting dynamic confidence threshold sequence Calculate the following for each threshold: Sensitivity (the proportion of correct trials with confidence ≥ threshold) measures the ability to correctly identify correct samples. 1-Specificity (the proportion of incorrect trials with confidence ≥ threshold) measures the ability to correctly identify incorrect samples; therefore, 1-Specificity represents the proportion of incorrect samples that are incorrectly classified as correct. AUROC calculation: using the trapezoidal integral method, the formula is as follows: , in The x-coordinate of the i-th point on the ROC curve is usually 1-specificity. The ordinate of the i-th point on the ROC curve is usually the sensitivity. This is the total number of points, which typically come from different confidence thresholds.

[0041] Interpretation of results: The output range is [0.5, 1]. The closer the value is to 1, the higher the metacognitive sensitivity. The ROC curve reflects judgment ability. The area under the curve, AUROC, is an indicator that measures an individual's ability to distinguish between "correct" and "incorrect" judgments.

[0042] Specifically, the subjects were provided with test mannequins, which had front and back views, and rotation angles of 30°, 60°, 90°, and 180°. The objects included beds, sofas, basketballs, tables, and cabinets. The methods also included: In one specific embodiment, the subject is assigned a test mannequin, which has a front and a back view. The rotation angles include 30°, 60°, 90°, and 180°. The objects include a bed, sofa, basketball, table, and cabinet. The experimental paradigm is a perspective shifting task. At the start of the experiment, the subject sits approximately 60cm in front of the computer screen. The screen initially displays an array of five objects (bed, sofa, basketball, table, and cabinet). The subject is required to memorize the relative positions of the objects in the array and imagine themselves standing in the center of the array, facing the basketball. After 15 seconds, the memory results are tested. The subject is asked to imagine themselves turning at a certain angle and to show the subject the spatial position of an object after the perspective shift (presented as its position on a 3D sphere). The angles include 30°, 60°, 90°, and 180°, and the directions of rotation include the X-axis (tilting left and right), Y-axis (tilting forward and backward), and Z-axis (rotating left and right). Participants judged the accuracy of their assessments and rated their confidence level (JOC) using a 7-point Likert scale (1 = no confidence, 7 = full confidence). The task could also include two perspective shift conditions: single-axis and dual-axis perspective shifts. The difficulty of the experimental task (including the initial positions and rotation angles of all objects) could be adaptively adjusted by changing the initial parameters to avoid participant practice effects and ceiling results.

[0043] Currently, combined stresses such as gravity loss, rapid day-night cycles, heavy workloads, and fatigue can induce unique perspective experiences in individuals and may form cognitive patterns specific to particular environments. The impact of these stresses on metacognitive monitoring related to perspective shifts urgently needs further research. However, there is currently no paradigm or tool, either domestically or internationally, that can combine behavioral and EEG information to effectively measure and study an individual's metacognitive monitoring ability related to perspective shifts under specific influences. The embodiments described in this application are intended to fill this gap.

[0044] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, a measurement paradigm for metacognitive monitoring ability related to individual perspective shifting in special environments (Perspective Shifting Paradigm) is designed in the form of a tool. This paradigm can directly measure an individual's metacognitive monitoring ability in a specific environment or under ground simulation conditions, providing a quantitative basis for cognitive function assessment and task safety. This paradigm combines behavioral indicators, eye tracking, and EEG data to systematically reveal the metacognitive monitoring mechanism in individual perspective shifting tasks in special environments, providing a new method for understanding the relationship between spatial representation updates, attention allocation strategies, and metacognitive sensitivity in spatially specific environments. This paradigm can also be extended to fields such as educational assessment, driving safety, sports training, and clinical rehabilitation to assess and improve the metacognitive level of the general population in complex tasks. Furthermore, as Figure 1 In terms of specific implementation, this application provides a perspective shifting and metacognitive ability testing platform, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the platform includes: The spatial array presentation module 201 is used to respond to any perspective transformation task triggered by the subject, present a spatial array with a three-dimensional sphere as the carrier, and present the spatial relative position relationship between the five objects corresponding to this perspective transformation task through the spatial array. The surface of the three-dimensional sphere is marked with spatial auxiliary lines, and the five objects are located on the spatial auxiliary lines respectively. Among the five objects, there is a reference orientation object used to define the subject's initial self-orientation, and an object to be judged for testing. The subject's initial self-orientation is facing the reference orientation object and is located at the center of the three-dimensional sphere. The perspective transformation module 202 is used to determine the perspective transformation conditions for adjusting the subject's own orientation, and while keeping the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects unchanged, rotates and transforms the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new own orientation. The test position generation module 203 is used to determine a test position based on the newly generated spatial array, while simultaneously obscuring the display of the original five objects. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation. The judgment result acquisition module 204 is used to acquire the subject's judgment result on whether the object to be judged is located at the test position after rotating their own orientation, as well as the confidence score on the judgment result submitted by the subject through a 7-point Likert scale. In the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence score of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence score of 7 indicates complete certainty. The test result generation module 205 is used to calculate the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score and the area under the working characteristic curve of the subject for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subject under multiple different perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task. These are used together as the test results of the subject's perspective switching and metacognitive ability for this perspective switching task. The response time acquisition module 206 is used to calculate the average reaction time and accuracy under each group of perspective switching conditions. After standardizing the reaction time and accuracy, the balance integration score is calculated based on the balance integration score calculation formula and the standardized reaction time and accuracy. The balance integration score calculation formula is as follows: , Let be the balanced integration score under the j-th viewpoint transition condition in the i-th viewpoint transition task. Let PC be the z-score-normalized value of the accuracy under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task. Let RT be the z-score normalized value of the reaction time RT under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task.

[0045] It should be noted that other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the perspective switching and metacognitive ability testing platform provided in this application embodiment can be found in the following references. Figure 1 The corresponding descriptions in the method will not be repeated here.

[0046] Based on the above, Figure 1 Accordingly, this application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. Figure 1 The method for testing perspective shifts and metacognitive abilities is shown.

[0047] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product. The software product can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, or portable hard drive), and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in the various implementation scenarios of this application.

[0048] Based on the above, Figure 1 The method shown, and Figure 8 To achieve the above objectives, the virtual platform embodiment shown in this application also provides a computer device, specifically a personal computer, server, network device, etc. This computer device includes a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium stores computer programs; the processor executes the computer programs to achieve the above-described objectives. Figure 1 The method for testing perspective shifts and metacognitive abilities is shown.

[0049] Optionally, the computer device may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, radio frequency (RF) circuitry, sensors, audio circuitry, a Wi-Fi module, etc. The user interface may include a display screen, input units such as a keyboard, etc., and optional user interfaces may also include USB ports, card reader ports, etc. The network interface may optionally include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces (such as Bluetooth interfaces, Wi-Fi interfaces), etc.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that the computer device structure provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the computer device, and may include more or fewer components, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0051] The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages and stores the hardware and software resources of a computer device, supporting the operation of information processing programs and other software and / or programs. The network communication module is used to enable communication between the various components within the storage medium, as well as communication with other hardware and software within the physical device.

[0052] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented using software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, or it can be implemented using hardware. In a spatial array using a three-dimensional sphere as a carrier, the subject's own orientation is rotated based on determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new orientation. A test position is determined based on the newly generated spatial array, while the display of the original five objects is obscured. The subject's judgment results regarding whether the object to be judged is located at the test position after the orientation rotation are collected, along with a confidence score submitted using a 7-point Likert scale. The test results are obtained by considering the subject's judgment results and confidence scores submitted under multiple different perspective transformation conditions in the perspective transformation task. By completing a behavioral task and collecting data in the form of a perspective transformation task, the individual's metacognitive monitoring ability related to perspective transformation is measured.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the platform within the embodiment scenario can be distributed within the platform of the embodiment scenario as described, or they can be modified to reside in one or more platforms different from this embodiment scenario. The modules in the above-described embodiment scenario can be merged into one module, or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0054] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of any particular implementation scenario. The above disclosures are merely a few specific implementation scenarios of this application; however, this application is not limited thereto, and any modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for testing perspective shifting and metacognitive abilities, characterized in that, The method includes: In response to any perspective shift task triggered by the subject, a spatial array with a three-dimensional sphere as the carrier is presented, and the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects corresponding to this perspective shift task is presented through the spatial array. The surface of the three-dimensional sphere is marked with spatial auxiliary lines, and the five objects are located on the spatial auxiliary lines. Among the five objects, there is a reference orientation object used to define the subject's initial self-orientation, and an object to be judged for testing. The subject's initial self-orientation is facing the reference orientation object and is located at the center of the three-dimensional sphere. Determine the perspective transformation conditions for adjusting the subject's own orientation, and while keeping the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects unchanged, rotate the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new own orientation. A test position is determined based on the newly generated spatial array, while the display of the original five objects is obscured. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation. The subjects' judgments on whether the object to be judged was located in the test position after rotating their own orientation were collected, as well as their confidence scores on the judgment results submitted by the subjects through a 7-point Likert scale. In the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence score of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence score of 7 indicates complete certainty. For each subject's judgment results and confidence score submitted under multiple different perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task, the overall performance index value, balanced integration score, and area under the subject's working characteristic curve were calculated and used as the subject's perspective switching and metacognitive ability test results for this perspective switching task.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perspective transformation conditions correspond to single-axis perspective transformation conditions and dual-axis perspective transformation conditions. The rotation transformation of the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions includes: If the perspective transition condition is a single-axis perspective transition condition, then determine a single rotation axis and the rotation angle of the rotation axis, and rotate the subject's own orientation along the single rotation axis by the rotation angle; If the perspective transition condition is a dual-axis perspective transition condition, then determine the two rotation axes and the corresponding rotation angles of each rotation axis, and rotate the subject's own orientation along the two rotation axes by their respective rotation angles. Accordingly, the perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results include single-axis perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results and dual-axis perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results. For each subject's judgment results and confidence scores submitted under multiple different perspective shifting conditions in the stated perspective shifting task, the overall performance index value, balanced integration score, and area under the subject's working characteristic curve are calculated, collectively serving as the subject's perspective shifting and metacognitive ability test results for this perspective shifting task, including: For the subjects in the perspective switching task, under the single-axis perspective switching conditions, their judgment results and confidence scores were calculated. The overall performance index value, the balanced integration score and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve were calculated and used as the subject's single-axis perspective switching and metacognitive ability test results in this perspective switching task. When the perspective shift condition is a dual-axis perspective shift condition, for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under each dual-axis perspective shift condition in the perspective shift task, the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score, and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve are calculated, and these are used together as the subject's test results for dual-axis perspective shift and metacognitive ability in this perspective shift task.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Rotating the subject's own orientation along a single axis of rotation by the rotation angle includes: Determine the direction of rotation, which includes tilting left and right, rotating left and right, and tilting forward and backward; When the rotation direction is left or right tilting, rotate the subject's own orientation along the X-axis by the rotation angle; When the rotation direction is left or right, the subject's own orientation is rotated by the specified rotation angle along the Z-axis. When the rotation direction is forward or backward tilting, the subject's own orientation is rotated along the Y-axis by the specified rotation angle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of overall performance indicator values ​​includes: The judgment results under each set of perspective switching conditions in this perspective switching task are binarized and encoded, with correct judgments recorded as 1 and incorrect judgments recorded as 0. Based on the overall performance indicator calculation formula, the overall performance indicator value is calculated, where the overall performance indicator calculation formula is: ， P represents the overall performance indicator value. This represents the total number of correct judgments. This indicates the total number of condition groups for perspective switching.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the balanced integration score includes: Calculate the average reaction time and accuracy under each set of perspective switching conditions; After standardizing the reaction time and accuracy, the equilibrium integration score is calculated based on the equilibrium integration score calculation formula and the standardized reaction time and accuracy. The equilibrium integration score calculation formula is as follows: ， Let be the balanced integration score under the j-th viewpoint transition condition in the i-th viewpoint transition task. Let PC be the z-score-normalized value of the accuracy under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task. Let RT be the z-score normalized value of the reaction time RT under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, including: Based on the confidence scores of the test locations confirmed by the subjects in multiple different motion trajectory judgment tasks, a second-order subject judgment confidence characteristic curve is constructed. The area under the subject operating characteristic curve is calculated using the subject judgment confidence characteristic curve and the trapezoidal integral method formula. The trapezoidal integral method formula is as follows: ， AUROC represents the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The x-coordinate of the i-th point on the subject's confidence characteristic curve represents 1-specificity. The ordinate of the i-th point on the subject's confidence characteristic curve represents sensitivity. It is the total number of points on the subject's confidence characteristic curve.

7. A perspective shifting and metacognitive ability testing platform, characterized in that, The platform includes: The spatial array presentation module is used to respond to any perspective change task triggered by the subject and present a spatial array with a three-dimensional sphere as the carrier. The spatial array presents the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects corresponding to this perspective change task. The surface of the three-dimensional sphere is marked with spatial auxiliary lines, and the five objects are located on the spatial auxiliary lines. Among the five objects, there is a reference orientation object used to define the subject's initial orientation and an object to be judged for testing. The subject's initial orientation is facing the reference orientation object and is located at the center of the three-dimensional sphere. The perspective transformation module is used to determine the perspective transformation conditions for adjusting the subject's own orientation, and while keeping the spatial relative positional relationship between the five objects unchanged, it rotates and transforms the subject's own orientation based on the determined perspective transformation conditions to generate and present a spatial array containing the subject's new own orientation. The test position generation module is used to determine a test position based on the newly generated spatial array, while simultaneously obscuring the display of the original five objects. The test position is used to verify whether the object to be judged is in the test position after rotating with the subject's own orientation. The judgment result acquisition module is used to collect the subject's judgment result on whether the object to be judged is located in the test position after rotating their own orientation, as well as the confidence score on the judgment result submitted by the subject through a 7-point Likert scale. In the 7-point Likert scale, a confidence score of 1 indicates complete uncertainty, and a confidence score of 7 indicates complete certainty. The test result generation module is used to calculate the overall performance index value, the balanced integration score, and the area under the subject's working characteristic curve for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subject under multiple different perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task. These are used together as the test results of the subject's perspective switching and metacognitive abilities for this perspective switching task.

8. The platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The viewpoint conversion conditions include single-axis viewpoint conversion conditions and dual-axis viewpoint conversion conditions. The platform also includes: The perspective conversion module is also used to determine a single rotation axis and the rotation angle of the rotation axis if the perspective conversion condition is a single-axis perspective conversion condition, and to rotate the subject's own orientation along the single rotation axis by the rotation angle if the perspective conversion condition is a dual-axis perspective conversion condition; and to determine two rotation axes and the rotation angle corresponding to each rotation axis if the perspective conversion condition is a dual-axis perspective conversion condition, and to rotate the subject's own orientation along the two rotation axes by the respective rotation angles. The test result generation module is also used to calculate the overall performance index, balanced integration score, and area under the subject's working characteristic curve (AUC) for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under each group of single-axis perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task. These AUCs are used as the test results of the subjects' single-axis perspective switching and metacognitive abilities in this perspective switching task. When the perspective switching condition is a dual-axis perspective switching condition, the module calculates the overall performance index, balanced integration score, and area under the subject's working characteristic curve (AUC) for the judgment results and confidence scores submitted by the subjects under each group of dual-axis perspective switching conditions in the perspective switching task. These AUCs are used as the test results of the subjects' dual-axis perspective switching and metacognitive abilities in this perspective switching task.

9. The platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The platform also includes: The perspective conversion module is also used to determine the rotation direction, which includes tilting left and right, rotating left and right, and tilting forward and backward. When the rotation direction is tilting left and right, the subject's orientation is rotated along the X-axis by the rotation angle. When the rotation direction is rotating left and right, the subject's orientation is rotated along the Z-axis by the rotation angle. When the rotation direction is tilting forward and backward, the subject's orientation is rotated along the Y-axis by the rotation angle.

10. The platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The platform also includes a response time acquisition module, and the platform further includes: The response time acquisition module is used to calculate the average reaction time and accuracy under each set of viewpoint switching conditions. After standardizing the reaction time and accuracy, the balanced integration score is calculated based on the balanced integration score calculation formula and the standardized reaction time and accuracy. The balanced integration score calculation formula is as follows: ， Let be the balanced integration score under the j-th viewpoint transition condition in the i-th viewpoint transition task. Let PC be the z-score-normalized value of the accuracy under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task. Let RT be the z-score normalized value of the reaction time RT under the j-th viewpoint transformation condition in the i-th viewpoint transformation task.

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