Transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function and transcranial electrical stimulation system

Abstract

The application relates to a transcranial electrical stimulation control method and a transcranial electrical stimulation system for visual function, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial position of a stimulation target point and an initial stimulation parameter; adjusting the initial position of the stimulation target point based on a first electroencephalogram signal collected when a user performs a visual function adjustment task to obtain a target position; controlling an electrode assembly to be placed at the target position and controlling the electrode assembly to discharge based on the initial stimulation parameter; acquiring real-time state data of the user during the discharging process; and adjusting the initial stimulation parameter based on the real-time state data to change the discharging state of the electrode assembly, thereby solving the problem of insufficient optimization effect of stimulation control, fusing multi-modal data, adaptively adjusting the stimulation target point and the stimulation parameter, realizing a personalized dynamic stimulation scheme in a visual function remodeling scene, and greatly improving the optimization effect of stimulation control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transcranial electrical stimulation technology, and in particular to a transcranial electrical stimulation control method and a transcranial electrical stimulation system for visual function. Background Technology

[0002] The main principle of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is to apply a weak current to the scalp to regulate the excitability of neurons in the cerebral cortex. As an emerging neuromodulation technology, it has the advantages of being non-invasive, safe, and painless.

[0003] Traditional tES (tight-electrode stimulation) techniques primarily target the research and treatment of neurological and mental illnesses, and the stimulation protocols are relatively simple and fixed. To adapt to more scenarios and individuals, current tES technologies are beginning to incorporate static imaging data (such as individual cranial imaging data) for offline analysis, controlling electrode placement and parameter configuration based on the offline analysis results. However, current technologies lack real-time dynamic feedback, and for specific scenarios involving improving visual accommodative abilities, the accuracy of electrode placement and parameter configuration remains low, resulting in unsatisfactory stimulation effects.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of insufficient optimization effect of stimulus control in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This embodiment provides a transcranial electrical stimulation control method and a transcranial electrical stimulation system for visual function, in order to solve the problem of insufficient optimization effect of stimulation control in related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, this embodiment provides a transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain the initial location and initial stimulation parameters of the stimulation target;

[0008] Based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function accommodation task, the initial position of the stimulation target point is adjusted to determine the target position;

[0009] The electrode assembly is placed at the target position, and the electrode assembly is controlled to discharge based on the initial stimulation parameters;

[0010] During the discharge process, real-time status data of the user is acquired; based on the real-time status data, the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, obtaining the initial location of the stimulation target includes:

[0012] Obtain the user's head circumference data;

[0013] Based on the head circumference data, the preset electrode positioning standard template is calibrated to the corresponding coordinates on the user's head to obtain the initial position of the stimulation target point.

[0014] In some embodiments, the initial position of the stimulation target is adjusted based on the first EEG signal acquired when the user performs a visual function accommodation task to determine the target location, including:

[0015] Feature information is extracted from the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function modulation task.

[0016] The active brain regions of the user are determined based on the aforementioned feature information;

[0017] Based on the active brain region, the initial position of the stimulation target is fine-tuned to determine the target location.

[0018] In some of these embodiments, obtaining initial stimulation parameters includes:

[0019] Obtain the user's individualized information; the individualized information includes the user's visual function assessment results and individual tolerance.

[0020] Based on the visual function assessment results, configure the stimulus type and / or stimulus frequency in the initial stimulus parameters;

[0021] Based on the individual's tolerance, configure the stimulation intensity and / or stimulation duration in the initial stimulation parameters.

[0022] In some embodiments, the stimulation intensity and / or stimulation duration in the initial stimulation parameters are configured based on the individual tolerance, including:

[0023] If the skin impedance in the individual tolerance is less than 5kΩ, the stimulation intensity in the initial stimulation parameters shall not exceed 2mA.

[0024] In some embodiments, adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the real-time state data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly includes:

[0025] Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted to obtain the target stimulation parameters;

[0026] The discharge of the electrode assembly is controlled based on the target stimulation parameters, and the real-time status data is continuously monitored to iteratively optimize the discharge status of the electrode assembly.

[0027] In some embodiments, the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, including:

[0028] Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, at least one of the following is obtained: the power spectral density of alpha waves, theta waves, and beta waves, and the local field potential amplitude of the stimulation target point; the frequency range of the alpha waves is 8Hz-12Hz, the frequency range of the theta waves is 4Hz-8Hz, and the frequency range of the beta waves is 13Hz-30Hz.

[0029] If the power of the alpha wave is lower than the preset alpha wave power threshold, the stimulation type in the initial stimulation parameters will be adjusted to alternating current stimulation, and the stimulation frequency will be increased by 1 Hz for every 5% decrease in the power of the alpha wave.

[0030] If the power ratio of the theta wave to the beta wave is higher than the preset power ratio threshold, the stimulation type in the initial stimulation parameters is adjusted to random noise, and the stimulation frequency is adjusted to 1Hz-100Hz.

[0031] If the fluctuation of the local field potential amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, the stimulation type in the initial stimulation parameters is adjusted to the direct current stimulation type, and the stimulation intensity in the initial stimulation parameters is adjusted to 0.5mA-2mA.

[0032] In some of these embodiments, the alpha wave power threshold is set to 10 μV. 2 The power ratio threshold is set to 1.5.

[0033] In some embodiments, before adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, the method further includes:

[0034] If the individual sensory signal in the real-time status data indicates a stop, then the electrode assembly is controlled to stop discharging;

[0035] After adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, the method further includes:

[0036] The discharge of the electrode assembly is controlled based on the target stimulation parameters, and visual function test indicators are collected in real time; the target stimulation parameters are updated based on the comparison results of the visual function test indicators and the target effect.

[0037] Secondly, this embodiment provides a transcranial electrical stimulation system, including: an electrode assembly, an individual information acquisition module, and an analysis and control module;

[0038] The electrode assembly is used to apply transcranial electrical stimulation;

[0039] The individual information collection module is used to collect the user's electroencephalogram (EEG) data and test the user's visual function accommodation ability.

[0040] An analysis and control module, connected to the electrode assembly and the individual information acquisition module, is used to implement the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0041] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function described in the first aspect.

[0042] Compared with related technologies, the transcranial electrical stimulation control method and system for visual function provided in this embodiment obtain the initial position and initial stimulation parameters of the stimulation target point; adjust the initial position of the stimulation target point based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function adjustment task to obtain the target position; control the electrode assembly to be placed at the target position and control the electrode assembly to discharge based on the initial stimulation parameters; acquire the user's real-time state data during the discharge process; adjust the initial stimulation parameters based on the real-time state data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly. This solves the problem of insufficient optimization effect of stimulation control, can integrate multimodal data, adaptively adjust the stimulation target point and stimulation parameters, realize personalized dynamic stimulation schemes in visual function remodeling scenarios, and significantly improve the optimization effect of stimulation control.

[0043] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of the terminal for the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process for adjusting the initial stimulation parameters in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the transcranial electrical stimulation system in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in this application.

[0050] Reference numerals: 102, processor; 104, memory; 106, transmission device; 108, input / output device; 31, electrode assembly; 32, individual information acquisition module; 33, analysis and control module. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application, the application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the general meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Words such as “a,” “an,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “these” used in this application do not indicate quantitative limitation and may be singular or plural. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and any variations thereof used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or modules (units) but may include steps or modules (units) not listed, or may include other steps or modules (units) inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Words such as “connected,” “linked,” and “coupled” used in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Multiple” used in this application refers to two or more. “And / or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, “A and / or B” can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Normally, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., used in this application are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of objects.

[0053] The method embodiments provided in this example can be executed on a terminal, computer, or similar computing device. For example, it can run on a terminal. Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of the terminal for the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in this embodiment. (See diagram below.) Figure 1 As shown, a terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 and a memory 104 for storing data are also included. The processor 102 may be, but is not limited to, a microprocessor (MCU) or a programmable logic device (FPGA). The terminal may also include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that… Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the terminal described above. For example, the terminal may also include components that are larger than... Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown are illustrated.

[0054] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in this embodiment. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0055] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. This network includes a wireless network provided by the terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 106 can be a Radio Frequency (RF) module used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0056] Insufficient accommodative ability is a common visual dysfunction, characterized by difficulty focusing at near distances and easy eye fatigue. It is typically improved through visual training, corrective lenses, and adjustments to eye habits. While optical correction can temporarily improve vision, it cannot fundamentally resolve accommodative dysfunction. Visual training requires long-term adherence and its effectiveness varies from person to person. Some studies have attempted to improve accommodative function using medication, but drug treatment carries potential side effects. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), as an emerging neuromodulation technique, offers advantages such as non-invasiveness, safety, and painlessness, showing broad application prospects in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, current research on tES in improving insufficient accommodative ability is still in its early stages. Current research lacks sufficient localization of core brain regions related to accommodative function (such as the synergistic effect between the occipital visual cortex and the frontal oculomotor control area), and current stimulation protocols rely on general brain regions (such as the primary motor cortex) without optimizing neural pathways specific to accommodative function. Furthermore, most of the existing tES stimulation parameters (such as current intensity, frequency, duration, etc.) follow the treatment plans for other diseases and lack optimization for insufficient regulatory function.

[0057] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned stimulation schemes, this embodiment provides a transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function, which enables personalized configuration of stimulation targets and stimulation parameters. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in this embodiment, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S210: Obtain the initial position of the stimulation target and the initial stimulation parameters.

[0059] Specifically, the initial location of the stimulation target can be determined based on the electrode localization standard template (such as the international 10-20 system template). The initial location is located in areas including but not limited to the following target brain regions: occipital cortex, parietal cortex, and frontal cortex.

[0060] The occipital cortex is primarily responsible for visual information processing, and stimulating it helps influence visual perception and accommodation. Specific locations: Electrode sites O1 and O2 (international 10-20 system), located on either side of the external occipital protuberance, approximately 2.5 cm from the midline, are used to improve the speed and accuracy of visual information processing, enhance visual acuity, and thus indirectly improve accommodation.

[0061] The parietal cortex is involved in visual spatial information processing and eye movement control. Specifically, the P3 and P4 electrode sites (international 10-20 system) are located behind the parietal central sulcus. They improve visual spatial information processing, enhance eye movement control, and thus influence accommodation.

[0062] The frontal cortex is involved in cognitive control, attention, and executive function, and plays a higher-level regulatory role in eye movement and accommodation, such as in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Specific location: Electrode sites F3 and F4 (international 10-20 system), located in the middle of the prefrontal cortex. It can improve cognitive control, enhance attention and executive function, thereby more effectively controlling regulatory responses.

[0063] The initial stimulus parameters can be general parameters, or they can be automatically matched according to the user's individual information, such as stimulus type, intensity, frequency, waveform and duration.

[0064] Step S220: Based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs the visual function modulation task, adjust the initial position of the stimulation target point to determine the target position.

[0065] Specifically, visual function accommodation tasks include tasks that utilize the eye's accommodation function, such as alternating between near and far vision. The system uses a wireless electroencephalogram (EEG) descriptor to acquire the first EEG signal in real time during the task state. The system analyzes the characteristic spatial distribution of the first EEG signal to identify the core brain region with the strongest EEG response. Using this region as the target, the initial electrode sites of the international 10-20 system are fine-tuned at the millimeter level to ensure that the electrode assembly covers the core activation area of ​​the accommodation function, thus improving the targeting accuracy of electrical stimulation. This overcomes the obstacle in existing technologies where the specific brain regions in the cerebral cortex related to visual function accommodation are not yet fully identified, improving the precision of the stimulation target.

[0066] Step S230: The control electrode assembly is placed at the target position, and the control electrode assembly is discharged based on the initial stimulation parameters.

[0067] Step S240: During the discharge process, acquire the user's real-time status data; adjust the initial stimulation parameters based on the real-time status data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly.

[0068] Specifically, at least one of the following is collected from the user's individual sensory signals, second EEG signals, and visual function test indicators during transcranial electrical stimulation: stimulation parameters are dynamically adjusted to form a closed-loop intervention process of stimulation-monitoring-adjustment.

[0069] Individual perception signals are subjective feelings submitted by the user, such as feeling uncomfortable or comfortable. Secondary EEG signals can be acquired in real time using wireless EEG devices. Visual function test indicators include: accommodative amplitude (diopter), i.e., the user's maximum accommodative ability (measured using a near point ruler or autorefractor); accommodative sensitivity (times / minute), recorded through a flip-and-shoot test or computerized visual training software to measure accommodative response speed; positive and negative relative accommodation (PRA / NRA), measuring the user's accommodative reserve under positive and negative lens conditions (e.g., PRA = -2.0D, NRA = +2.5D); convergence function, near point convergence distance, the closest distance at which the user can maintain binocular single vision; visual fatigue level, quantified by the Visual Fatigue Questionnaire (CVS-Q) (e.g., a total score >20 indicates significant visual fatigue); and eye movement trajectory, recorded through an eye-tracking system (e.g., TobiiPro) to measure fixation stability, accommodative amplitude fluctuation rate, etc.

[0070] In this embodiment, the initial position and initial stimulation parameters of the stimulation target are obtained; based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function adjustment task, the initial position of the stimulation target is adjusted to obtain the target position; the electrode assembly is placed at the target position and the electrode assembly is controlled to discharge based on the initial stimulation parameters; during the discharge process, the user's real-time state data is obtained; the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted based on the real-time state data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly. This solves the problem of insufficient optimization effect of stimulation control, can integrate multimodal data, adaptively adjust the stimulation target and stimulation parameters, realize personalized dynamic stimulation schemes in visual function remodeling scenarios, and significantly improve the optimization effect of stimulation control.

[0071] In some embodiments, obtaining the initial location of the stimulation target includes:

[0072] Step S310: Obtain the user's head circumference data.

[0073] Step S320: Based on the head circumference data, calibrate the corresponding coordinates of the preset electrode positioning standard template on the user's head to obtain the initial position of the stimulation target point.

[0074] Specifically, the international 10-20 system standard template is imported, and the head circumference is measured using the nasal root and external occipital protuberance as anatomical references. The initial coordinates of target brain regions such as the O1 and O2 sites in the occipital cortex and the F3 and F4 sites in the frontal cortex are determined according to percentages to complete the initial electrode localization.

[0075] In this embodiment, by combining the user's head circumference data and the electrode positioning standard template, the preliminary positioning of the electrode can be achieved quickly and accurately, providing a high-quality reference for precise electrode positioning.

[0076] In some embodiments, for step S220, adjusting the initial position of the stimulation target point based on the first EEG signal acquired when the user performs a visual function accommodation task to determine the target location includes:

[0077] Step S221: Extract feature information based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function modulation task.

[0078] Specifically, the characteristic information includes the alpha wave power spectral density and the power ratio of theta waves to beta waves. The frequency range of alpha waves is 8Hz-12Hz, reflecting the activation state of the visual cortex; the frequency range of theta waves is 4Hz-8Hz, and the frequency range of beta waves is 13Hz-30Hz; the power ratio of theta waves to beta waves reflects the balance between neural excitability and inhibition.

[0079] Step S222: Determine the user's active brain regions based on feature information.

[0080] Specifically, based on the spatial distribution of feature information, peak regions of EEG signals are identified to obtain active brain regions.

[0081] Step S223: Based on the active brain regions, fine-tune the initial position of the stimulation target to determine the target location.

[0082] Specifically, millimeter-level coordinate fine-tuning is performed on the initial position determined based on the international 10-20 system to ensure that the electrodes cover the core activation area of ​​the adjustment function, thereby improving the targeting of electrical stimulation in visual function remodeling applications.

[0083] In some embodiments, after step S223, task-state EEG signals (i.e., the first EEG signal) are collected again to confirm that the activation intensity of the brain region corresponding to the electrode site is ≥15% higher than the initial positioning, thus completing the accurate positioning verification; otherwise, the initial position is finely adjusted.

[0084] In some of these embodiments, obtaining initial stimulation parameters includes:

[0085] Step S410: Obtain the user's individualized information; the individualized information includes the user's visual function assessment results and individual tolerance.

[0086] Specifically, with the assistance of computerized visual training software, automated refractometers, and other tools, visual function assessment results are collected before the start of this round of transcranial electrical stimulation. These results include assessments of accommodative amplitude, accommodative sensitivity, positive and negative relative accommodation, convergence function, visual fatigue, and eye tracking. Individual tolerance data include skin impedance and baseline tolerance.

[0087] Step S420: Based on the visual function assessment results, configure the stimulus type and / or stimulus frequency in the initial stimulus parameters.

[0088] Specifically, the stimulation types include tDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation), which alters the resting potential of neurons through continuous direct current stimulation; tRNS (transcranial random noise stimulation), which enhances neuronal plasticity through random frequency alternating current stimulation; tACS (transcranial alternating current stimulation), which regulates brain electrical rhythms through specific frequency alternating current stimulation; and dPFC (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation). The correspondence between visual function assessment results and stimulation types is as follows: If the accommodative amplitude and / or accommodative response speed are lower than the first preset value, tDCS is selected to increase cortical excitability, enhance accommodative amplitude, and accelerate accommodative initiation speed. If fatigue is felt during accommodation or accommodative stability is lower than the second preset value, tRNS is selected to enhance neural plasticity, quickly relieve visual fatigue, and improve accommodative endurance.

[0089] Step S430: Based on individual tolerance, configure the stimulus intensity and / or stimulus duration in the initial stimulus parameters.

[0090] Specifically, the stimulation duration is set between 10 and 40 minutes, with an initial default duration of 30 minutes. Depending on individual tolerance, the duration can be increased within the 30-40 minute range or decreased within the 10-30 minute range. If individual tolerance data such as skin impedance or baseline tolerance are below a minimum threshold, the duration is modified to 10 minutes. In other implementations, the stimulation duration is set between 20 and 40 minutes, allowing for flexible adjustment while ensuring sufficient intervention time to improve the intervention effect.

[0091] In one embodiment, the initial stimulation intensity is configured within a range of 0.1 mA to 3 mA. This is adjusted based on individual skin impedance (Ohmmeter); for example, if skin impedance is <5 kΩ, the maximum stimulation intensity is reduced to 2 mA. Lower skin impedance means that current passes more easily through the scalp and enters brain tissue more readily. Limiting the maximum stimulation intensity prevents excessive current from causing scalp stinging, local redness, or even burns, and avoids discomfort such as dizziness and nausea due to over-excitation of the nervous system, thereby improving the safety of transcranial electrical stimulation. Furthermore, excessive stimulation avoids disrupting neural regulatory rhythms and reducing the intervention effect on visual accommodation.

[0092] In some embodiments, step S420, configuring the stimulus type and / or stimulus frequency in the initial stimulus parameters based on the visual function assessment results, includes: modifying the stimulus type and stimulus frequency in the initial stimulus parameters of the previous round of stimulation based on the difference between the pre-stimulation visual function assessment results collected before the start of the current round of stimulation and the post-stimulation visual function assessment results collected after the end of the previous round of stimulation.

[0093] Specifically, after each round of stimulation, a complete visual function assessment is conducted, and the assessment results are used as the basis for optimizing the next stimulation parameters. The individualized initial stimulation parameters are continuously iterated, and subsequent stimulation programs are continuously improved, thereby increasing the efficiency of improving insufficient visual accommodation function.

[0094] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 3 In step S240 above, adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on real-time state data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly includes:

[0095] Step S241: Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, adjust the initial stimulation parameters to obtain the target stimulation parameters.

[0096] Specifically, based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, at least one of the following is obtained: the power spectral density of alpha waves, theta waves, and beta waves, and the amplitude of the local field potential at the stimulation target; the frequency range of alpha waves is 8Hz-12Hz, the frequency range of theta waves is 4Hz-8Hz, and the frequency range of beta waves is 13Hz-30Hz.

[0097] If the alpha wave power is lower than the preset alpha wave power threshold, the stimulation type is adjusted to alternating current stimulation, and the stimulation frequency is increased by 1 Hz for every 5% decrease in alpha wave power. If the power ratio of the theta wave to the beta wave is higher than the preset power ratio threshold, the stimulation type is adjusted to random noise, and the stimulation frequency is adjusted to 1 Hz-100 Hz. If the local field potential amplitude fluctuation exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, the stimulation type is adjusted to direct current stimulation, and the stimulation intensity is adjusted to 0.5 mA-2 mA. The alpha wave power threshold is set based on the lower limit of normal activation of the visual cortex in healthy individuals; a value below this indicates insufficient excitability of the visual cortex, and is preferably set to 10 μV. 2 The power ratio threshold is set in the range of [1,2], which is the critical value for the balance between nerve excitation and inhibition. A value higher than this indicates that the regulation is fatigued and the nerve inhibition is dominant. In one embodiment, the power ratio threshold is 1.5.

[0098] Step S242: Control the discharge of the electrode assembly based on the target stimulation parameters, and continue to monitor the real-time status data to iteratively optimize the discharge status of the electrode assembly.

[0099] Specifically, the current target stimulus parameters are used as the initial stimulus parameters, and step S241 is repeated to update the target stimulus parameters.

[0100] In this embodiment, stimulation parameters are adjusted iteratively online based on current EEG data to improve the accuracy of closed-loop control.

[0101] In some embodiments, before step S241 above, which involves adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, the method further includes:

[0102] If the individual's sensory signal in the real-time status data indicates a halt, the control electrode assembly is set to stop discharging.

[0103] Specifically, the user's subjective feelings are given the highest priority, and discomfort reactions are monitored in real time, with measures such as reducing intensity, pausing, or stopping the process.

[0104] In some embodiments, after step S241 above, where the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, the method further includes:

[0105] The discharge of the electrode assembly is controlled based on the target stimulus parameters, and visual function test indicators are collected in real time; the target stimulus parameters are updated based on the comparison results of visual function test indicators and target effects.

[0106] Specifically, EEG data is monitored in real time during transcranial electrical stimulation, and visual function is assessed simultaneously to obtain corresponding visual function test indicators. A hierarchical priority adjustment strategy, prioritizing real-time EEG data over real-time visual function assessment results, is employed to further improve individual fit.

[0107] In this embodiment, a generative scheme based on a hierarchical priority strategy effectively assists in the precise regulation and control of functionally related cortical neural activity, thereby enhancing neural plasticity.

[0108] This embodiment provides a transcranial electrical stimulation system, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes: electrode assembly 31, individual information acquisition module 32, and analysis and control module 33.

[0109] Electrode assembly 31 is used to apply transcranial electrical stimulation; individual information acquisition unit is used to acquire the user's electroencephalogram (EEG) data and test the user's visual accommodation ability; analysis and control module 33 is connected to electrode assembly 31 and individual information acquisition module 32 and is used to implement the method steps in any of the above embodiments.

[0110] Specifically, the individual information acquisition module 32 includes an EEG monitoring unit and a visual function testing unit. The EEG monitoring unit records the user's brain activity in resting and visual task states, providing data for subsequent analysis. The visual function testing unit tests the user's visual accommodative ability. Test items include accommodative amplitude, i.e., the user's maximum accommodative ability (measured using a near point ruler or autorefractor); accommodative sensitivity, recorded through a flip-and-shoot test or computerized visual training software to measure accommodative reaction speed; positive and negative relative accommodation, measuring the user's accommodative reserve under positive and negative lens methods (e.g., PRA = -2.0D, NRA = +2.5D); convergence function, near point convergence distance, the closest distance at which the user can maintain binocular single vision; visual fatigue level, quantified by a visual fatigue questionnaire (CVS-Q) (e.g., a total score > 20 indicates significant visual fatigue); and eye movement trajectory, recorded by an eye-tracking system (e.g., TobiiPro) to measure fixation stability, accommodative amplitude fluctuation rate, etc.

[0111] In this embodiment, the initial position and initial stimulation parameters of the stimulation target are obtained; based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function adjustment task, the initial position of the stimulation target is adjusted to obtain the target position; the electrode assembly is placed at the target position and the electrode assembly is controlled to discharge based on the initial stimulation parameters; during the discharge process, the user's real-time state data is obtained; the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted based on the real-time state data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly. This solves the problem of insufficient optimization effect of stimulation control, can integrate multimodal data, adaptively adjust the stimulation target and stimulation parameters, realize personalized dynamic stimulation schemes in visual function remodeling scenarios, and significantly improve the optimization effect of stimulation control.

[0112] The present embodiment will now be described and illustrated through preferred embodiments.

[0113] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to a preferred embodiment of this invention. Figure 5 As shown, the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function in a preferred embodiment includes:

[0114] S1, Initial electrode positioning: Acquire the user's head circumference data; Based on the head circumference data, calibrate the corresponding coordinates of the preset electrode positioning standard template on the user's head to obtain the initial position of the stimulation target point.

[0115] S2, Electrode localization optimization: Based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function modulation task, feature information is extracted; based on the feature information, the active brain regions of the user are determined; based on the active brain regions, the initial position of the stimulation target point is fine-tuned to determine the target position.

[0116] S3, Initial configuration of stimulus parameters based on individualized information: Obtain the user's individualized information; the individualized information includes the user's visual function assessment results and individual tolerance; based on the visual function assessment results, configure the stimulus type and / or stimulus frequency in the initial stimulus parameters; based on individual tolerance, configure the stimulus intensity and / or stimulus duration in the initial stimulus parameters.

[0117] S4, Initial initiation of transcranial electrical stimulation: The control electrode assembly is placed at the target position, and the discharge of the control electrode assembly is controlled based on the initial stimulation parameters.

[0118] S5, Real-time Status Data Acquisition: During the discharge process, the user's individual sensory signals and second EEG signals are acquired in real time.

[0119] S6, determine the individual's sensory signal; if the individual's sensory signal indicates stop, then control the electrode assembly to stop discharging; if the individual's sensory signal indicates continue, then continue to execute step S7.

[0120] S7, determine whether the second EEG signal meets the target EEG rhythm requirements; if the second EEG signal meets the target EEG rhythm requirements, maintain the current stimulation parameters and return to step S6; if the second EEG signal does not meet the target EEG rhythm requirements, continue to steps S8 to S9.

[0121] S8, Stimulation parameter update based on the second EEG signal: Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, obtain the power spectral density of alpha waves, theta waves, and beta waves, as well as the local field potential amplitude of the stimulation target; the frequency range of alpha waves is 8Hz-12Hz, the frequency range of theta waves is 4Hz-8Hz, and the frequency range of beta waves is 13Hz-30Hz; if the power of alpha waves is lower than the preset alpha wave power threshold, adjust the stimulation type to AC stimulation, and increase the stimulation frequency by 1Hz for every 5% decrease in alpha wave power; if the power ratio of theta waves to beta waves is higher than the preset power ratio threshold, adjust the stimulation type to random noise and adjust the stimulation frequency to 1Hz-100Hz; if the fluctuation of the local field potential amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, adjust the stimulation type to DC stimulation and adjust the stimulation intensity to 0.5mA-2mA.

[0122] S9, Stimulation parameter update based on visual function test indicators: The electrode assembly is controlled to discharge based on the stimulation parameters updated in step S8, and the user's visual function test indicators are collected in real time. The visual function test indicators are compared with the visual function assessment results collected before the start of this round of transcranial electrical stimulation. If the comparison results show that the visual function accommodation function has improved, the current stimulation parameters are maintained, and the process returns to step S6; if the comparison results show that the visual function accommodation function has not improved, the target stimulation parameters are updated based on the comparison results of the visual function test indicators and the preset target effect. The electrode assembly is controlled to discharge based on the updated stimulation parameters, and the process returns to step S6 until the stimulation time in the stimulation parameters is reached.

[0123] S10, Post-stimulation assessment: After this round of transcranial electrical stimulation, visual function assessment results are collected and recorded again.

[0124] In this preferred embodiment, the user locates and fixes the stimulation target after wearing the product, and the stimulation target is not changed during the stimulation process. In the initial stimulation phase, initial stimulation parameters are set based on individualized information; after parameter initialization, the tES program is started to begin discharge and countdown; during this stimulation process, EEG data is monitored in real time and real-time visual function assessment is performed simultaneously. Following a hierarchical priority strategy of patient subjective experience > real-time EEG data > real-time visual function assessment results, the stimulation intensity, frequency, and waveform of this treatment are dynamically adjusted to achieve real-time closed-loop fine-tuning. After this stimulation, a complete visual function assessment is performed, and the assessment results are used as the basis for optimizing treatment parameters and controlling the outer loop between treatment sessions, continuously improving subsequent stimulation protocols. This preferred embodiment addresses the technical deficiencies of existing tES treatments, such as inaccurate stimulation targets, generic parameters, and lack of personalized closed-loop control, by proposing a transcranial electrical stimulation control method that integrates multimodal-electrophysiological localization, real-time EEG feedback, and adaptive parameter tuning. It enables online iterative adjustment of stimulation parameters, helping to improve data processing efficiency in the closed-loop visual function remodeling process.

[0125] It should be noted that the steps shown in the above process or in the flowchart of the accompanying figures can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0126] It should be noted that the above modules can be functional modules or program modules, and can be implemented through software or hardware. For modules implemented through hardware, the above modules can reside in the same processor; or the above modules can be located in different processors in any combination.

[0127] Furthermore, in conjunction with the transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function provided in the above embodiments, this embodiment can also provide a storage medium for implementation. The storage medium stores a computer program; when executed by a processor, the computer program implements any of the transcranial electrical stimulation control methods for visual function described in the above embodiments.

[0128] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not intended to limit it. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0129] Obviously, the accompanying drawings are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar situations based on these drawings without any creative effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the work done in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art, certain design, manufacturing, or production modifications made based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be considered as insufficient disclosure of this application.

[0130] The term "embodiment" in this application refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment that may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily imply the same embodiment, nor does it imply that it is mutually exclusive with or independent of other embodiments. It will be clearly or implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0131] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of patent protection. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the initial location and initial stimulation parameters of the stimulation target; Based on the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function accommodation task, the initial position of the stimulation target point is adjusted to determine the target position; The electrode assembly is placed at the target position, and the electrode assembly is controlled to discharge based on the initial stimulation parameters; During the discharge process, real-time status data of the user is acquired; based on the real-time status data, the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly.

2. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the initial location of the stimulation target, including: Obtain the user's head circumference data; Based on the head circumference data, the preset electrode positioning standard template is calibrated to the corresponding coordinates on the user's head to obtain the initial position of the stimulation target point.

3. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the first EEG signal acquired when the user performs a visual function accommodation task, the initial position of the stimulation target point is adjusted to determine the target location, including: Feature information is extracted from the first EEG signal collected when the user performs a visual function modulation task. The active brain regions of the user are determined based on the aforementioned feature information; Based on the active brain region, the initial position of the stimulation target is fine-tuned to determine the target location.

4. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the initial stimulus parameters, including: Obtain the user's individualized information; the individualized information includes the user's visual function assessment results and individual tolerance. Based on the visual function assessment results, configure the stimulus type and / or stimulus frequency in the initial stimulus parameters; Based on the individual's tolerance, configure the stimulation intensity and / or stimulation duration in the initial stimulation parameters.

5. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the individual tolerance, configure the stimulus intensity and / or stimulus duration in the initial stimulus parameters, including: If the skin impedance in the individual tolerance is less than 5kΩ, the stimulation intensity in the initial stimulation parameters shall not exceed 2mA.

6. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the real-time status data to change the discharge state of the electrode assembly includes: Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted to obtain the target stimulation parameters; The discharge of the electrode assembly is controlled based on the target stimulation parameters, and the real-time status data is continuously monitored to iteratively optimize the discharge status of the electrode assembly.

7. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, the initial stimulation parameters are adjusted to obtain the target stimulation parameters, including: Based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data, at least one of the following is obtained: the power spectral density of alpha waves, theta waves, and beta waves, and the local field potential amplitude of the stimulation target point; the frequency range of the alpha waves is 8Hz-12Hz, the frequency range of the theta waves is 4Hz-8Hz, and the frequency range of the beta waves is 13Hz-30Hz. If the power of the alpha wave is lower than the preset alpha wave power threshold, the stimulation type in the initial stimulation parameters will be adjusted to alternating current stimulation, and the stimulation frequency will be increased by 1 Hz for every 5% decrease in the power of the alpha wave. If the power ratio of the theta wave to the beta wave is higher than the preset power ratio threshold, the stimulation type in the initial stimulation parameters is adjusted to random noise, and the stimulation frequency is adjusted to 1Hz-100Hz. If the fluctuation of the local field potential amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, the stimulation type in the initial stimulation parameters is adjusted to the direct current stimulation type, and the stimulation intensity in the initial stimulation parameters is adjusted to 0.5mA-2mA.

8. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The α-wave power threshold is set to 10μV. 2 The power ratio threshold is set to 1.

5.

9. The transcranial electrical stimulation control method for visual function according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, the method further includes: If the individual sensory signal in the real-time status data indicates a stop, then the electrode assembly is controlled to stop discharging; After adjusting the initial stimulation parameters based on the second EEG signal in the real-time state data to obtain the target stimulation parameters, the method further includes: The discharge of the electrode assembly is controlled based on the target stimulation parameters, and visual function test indicators are collected in real time; the target stimulation parameters are updated based on the comparison results of the visual function test indicators and the target effect.

10. A transcranial electrical stimulation system, characterized in that, include: Electrode assembly, individual information acquisition module, and analysis and control module; The electrode assembly is used to apply transcranial electrical stimulation; The individual information collection module is used to collect the user's electroencephalogram (EEG) data and test the user's visual function accommodation ability. An analysis and control module, connected to the electrode assembly and the individual information acquisition module, is used to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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