A support structure for mounting photovoltaic modules on a roof of a steel-framed light roof panel and a method of use

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of building engineering, and relates to a support structure for installing photovoltaic components on a roof of a steel-framed light roof panel and a use method. The support structure comprises a main structure steel beam, a steel-framed light panel, a waterproof slope roof structure layer, a conversion steel beam and a purlin component. The steel-framed light panel is directly supported above the main structure steel beam. The waterproof slope roof structure layer is paved above the steel-framed light panel. The conversion steel beam is installed above the waterproof slope roof structure layer through a counterweight foundation. The counterweight foundation is connected with the conversion steel beam through an upper anchoring member and connected with the steel-framed light panel through a lower anchoring member penetrating through the waterproof slope roof structure layer. The purlin component is installed above the conversion steel beam through a connecting member. The present application can control the increase of roof load, avoid reinforcing and welding the main structure and steel frame, minimize the damage to the roof, reduce the construction difficulty, and ensure the anti-sliding stability, anti-overturning stability and anti-pulling stability of the photovoltaic support system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular relates to a support structure and method for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel. Background Technology

[0002] Large areas of steel-structured factory buildings have been built and put into use in the industrial, commercial, and transportation sectors. Adding distributed photovoltaics to the roofs of existing factory buildings is an important direction for green and low-carbon transformation and development. Steel-framed lightweight panels (steel-framed lightweight panels) are a new type of lightweight, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly enclosure component, mainly composed of a lightweight steel frame, cold-drawn steel wire, and cement-based lightweight composite materials. They have been widely used in the roofs of various factory buildings.

[0003] The photovoltaic (PV) support system installed on the roof primarily bears the sliding force generated by the constant load and the wind suction force generated by the wind load. Measures need to be taken to ensure the anti-slip stability, anti-overturning stability, and anti-pull-out stability of the PV support system. In existing technology, when installing PV systems on a steel-framed lightweight panel roof, the waterproof and thermal insulation layer within a certain range above the steel frame of the lightweight roof panel is first removed to expose the steel frame; then, the PV support columns are fixed to the exposed steel frame by welding; finally, the damaged waterproof and thermal insulation layer is repaired.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems: (1) The steel frame lightweight panels have a large span and a small load-bearing capacity. They are self-supporting enclosure components. The steel frame frame is very sensitive to additional loads. Usually, reinforcement measures are required before photovoltaic modules can be added, which leads to construction difficulties and extended cycle. (2) The roof is spliced ​​from a large number of steel frame lightweight panels. It is difficult to find the steel frame under the waterproof and heat insulation layer, and the effect of subsequent waterproof and heat insulation repair is not ideal. (3) Welding on the load-bearing steel frame will reduce the strength of the steel structure and affect the safety of the roof. (4) There is a lack of calculation methods for the anti-slip stability, anti-overturning stability and anti-pull-out stability of the support system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a support structure and method for installing photovoltaic modules on lightweight steel-framed roof panels. This structure can control the increase in roof load, avoid the need for reinforcement and welding of the main structure and steel frame, minimize damage to the roof, reduce construction difficulty, and simultaneously ensure the anti-slip stability, anti-overturning stability, and anti-pull-out stability of the photovoltaic support system.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A support structure for mounting photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel includes a main structural steel beam, a steel-framed lightweight panel, a waterproof pitched roof structural layer, a counterweight foundation, a transfer steel beam, and purlin components, wherein:

[0008] The steel-framed lightweight panel is directly supported above the main structural steel beams;

[0009] The waterproof pitched roof structure layer is a waterproof rolled roof, which is laid on top of a steel frame lightweight panel.

[0010] The counterweight foundation is set above the waterproof membrane sloping roof. The long side of the counterweight foundation is parallel to the span direction of the main structural steel beam, and the width direction of the counterweight foundation is aligned with the center of the width direction of the main structural steel beam.

[0011] The conversion steel beam is installed above the waterproof sloping roof structure layer via a counterweight foundation. The conversion steel beam is arranged perpendicular to the long side of the counterweight foundation. The counterweight foundation is connected to the conversion steel beam via an upper anchoring member and to the steel frame lightweight panel via a lower anchoring member passing through the waterproof sloping roof structure layer.

[0012] The purlin assembly is installed above the conversion steel beam via connecting members. Preferably, the purlin and the conversion steel beam are connected by triangular connectors.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the waterproof membrane pitched roof includes, from bottom to top, an insulation board, a leveling layer, a waterproof membrane, and corrugated decorative strips. The leveling layer is 40mm thick C20 fine stone concrete (with 4@150x150 steel mesh).

[0014] In the above technical solution, the main structural steel beams, steel frame lightweight panels, and waterproof membrane pitched roof were already built and put into use before the photovoltaic modules were installed.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the counterweight foundation includes a precast reinforced concrete component, an upper anchoring component, a lower anchoring component, and a friction-enhancing layer.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the upper anchoring component includes anchor bolts reserved on the precast reinforced concrete component, the transfer steel beam is connected to the precast reinforced concrete component through the anchor bolts, and the span of the transfer steel beam is equal to the distance between two adjacent counterweight foundations.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the lower anchoring component includes a rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt and an anchor bolt hole reserved on the precast reinforced concrete component. The rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt passes through the anchor bolt hole and is connected to the steel frame lightweight plate. The anchor bolt hole is filled with hole sealing material.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the friction enhancement layer includes an interface treatment agent applied between the contact surfaces of the precast reinforced concrete component and the leveling layer of the waterproof slope roof structure layer.

[0019] In the above technical solution, before the precast reinforced concrete component is installed, the waterproof membrane and corrugated decorative strips in the contact area between the precast reinforced concrete component and the leveling layer are removed, and the surface of the leveling layer is cleaned and an interface treatment agent is applied.

[0020] By pre-drilling anchor holes and ground anchors at specific locations on the precast reinforced concrete components, and applying an interface treatment agent to the contact surface between the leveling layer of the waterproof membrane roof and the precast reinforced concrete components, the coefficient of friction between the two can be increased. The post-expanded bottom anchors are connected to the lightweight steel frame panels through anchor holes, and hole-sealing material is poured into the anchor holes to improve the pull-out resistance of the counterweight foundation. The self-weight of the counterweight foundation, the anchoring force of the post-expanded bottom anchors, and the friction between the precast reinforced concrete components treated with the interface treatment agent and the leveling layer collectively ensure the anti-slip stability, anti-overturning stability, and pull-out stability of the installed photovoltaic support system.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the rear-expanded bottom anchor is a rear-expanded bottom anchor with a locking key effect. Preferably, based on the requirements of the thickness of the steel frame lightweight plate and the anchorage length, the rear-expanded bottom anchor should be an M12 rear-expanded bottom anchor with a locking key effect.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the anchor bolt hole is a T-shaped through hole, and the number of anchor bolt holes and the number of rear-expanded anchor bolts should be determined by calculation.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the interface treatment agent is a dry powder or liquid interface treatment agent for cement concrete.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the hole sealing material is a grout with a strength grade higher than that of the precast reinforced concrete component. Preferably, the hole sealing material is CGM grout with a strength grade one grade higher than that of the precast reinforced concrete component.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the exposed portion of the counterweight foundation is covered with a waterproof membrane, and the contact area between the anchor bolts and the waterproof membrane is sealed with a waterproof sealant. Preferably, after the counterweight foundation is constructed, a waterproof membrane matching the roof waterproofing grade is used to cover the exposed portion of the foundation, with the additional waterproof layer extending 250mm beyond the outer edge of the precast reinforced concrete component. The contact area between the protruding anchor bolts and the waterproof membrane is sealed with polyurethane waterproof sealant (or a waterproof sealant of equivalent effectiveness) to prevent leakage.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the connecting component includes a triangular piece and a connecting bolt, and the triangular piece is connected to the conversion steel beam through the connecting bolt.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the purlin assembly includes main purlins, secondary purlins, and fastening bolts. The main purlins are connected to triangular members via connecting bolts, thereby supporting the transition steel beam. The secondary purlins are connected to the main purlins via fastening bolts, thereby supporting the main purlins. Preferably, due to the supporting effect of the transition steel beam, the spacing between the main purlins should be 2m, thus allowing the adoption of the standard cross-section in Appendix B of the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures" (NB / T 10115-2018).

[0028] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for using a support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1, the friction coefficient between the precast reinforced concrete component treated with the interface treatment agent and the leveling layer was determined through experiments. and the anchoring force of the rear-expanded anchor bolt .

[0030] S2, through calculation, determines the cross-sectional dimensions of precast reinforced concrete components, transfer steel beams, purlin assemblies, and the number of post-expansion anchor bolts.

[0031] S21, the cross-sectional dimensions of the conversion steel beam and purlins are initially determined, and the dimensions of the precast reinforced concrete components and the number of post-expansion anchor bolts are initially determined based on the fact that the new load on the roof is within the bearing capacity of the main structure steel beam.

[0032] S22, Pull-out stability verification

[0033] Calculate the pull-out stability using the following formula, ensuring that the pull-out stability safety factor is not less than the preset value A. For example, according to the "Technical Specification for Foundation of Solar Power Station Support" (GB51101-2016), the safety factor A is taken as 1.6.

[0034]

[0035] In the formula: -Standard value of wind suction power (KN);

[0036] - Self-weight of the support structure, including counterweight foundation, transfer steel beam, purlins, photovoltaic modules, etc. (KN);

[0037] - Pull-out force (KN) borne by the nth rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt;

[0038] - Roof tilt angle;

[0039] S23, Overturning Stability Verification

[0040] Calculate the overturning stability using the following formula, ensuring that the overturning stability safety factor is not less than the preset value B. For example, consider one end of a precast reinforced concrete member, with a safety factor B of 1.6:

[0041]

[0042] Where: H - height of precast reinforced concrete component (m);

[0043] - Height of precast reinforced concrete components (m);

[0044] - Lever arm (m) of the nth rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt;

[0045] - Pull-out force (KN) borne by the nth rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt;

[0046] S24, Anchor Bolt Bearing Capacity Verification

[0047] Because the anchor bolt simultaneously bears the load and The anchor bolt bearing the largest load must meet the following requirement:

[0048] ;

[0049] S25, Anti-slip stability verification

[0050] Calculate the anti-slip stability using the following formula, ensuring the anti-slip stability safety factor is not less than the preset value C. For example, the shear resistance of the rear-expanded anchor bolts should not be considered; according to the "Technical Specification for Foundation of Solar Power Station Supports" (GB51101-2016), the safety factor C is taken as 1.3.

[0051] ;

[0052] S26. Adjust the dimensions of the precast reinforced concrete components and the number of post-expansion anchor bolts until the above requirements are met.

[0053] S3 refers to precast reinforced concrete components, with anchor bolt holes and foundation anchors pre-drilled during the precast reinforced concrete component processing. The precast components are then transported to the construction site after being precast at the precast plant.

[0054] S4. According to the on-site construction organization plan, before the precast reinforced concrete components are hoisted into place, the waterproof membrane and corrugated decorative strips within the contact area between the precast reinforced concrete components and the leveling layer shall be removed without damaging the leveling layer and insulation layer. The surface of the leveling layer shall be cleaned and an interface treatment agent shall be applied. The scope of removal of the waterproof membrane and corrugated decorative strips shall be matched with the construction organization plan to avoid premature exposure of the leveling layer.

[0055] S5, hoisting precast reinforced concrete components. After the precast reinforced concrete components are hoisted into place, the bottom anchor bolts are expanded after construction, and the gaps in the anchor bolt holes are sealed with hole sealing material.

[0056] S6. After the interface treatment agent reaches the required strength, the counterweight foundation should be covered with a waterproof membrane that matches the roof waterproofing grade. The additional waterproof layer should extend 250mm beyond the outer edge of the precast reinforced concrete component. The contact points between the protruding anchor bolts on the foundation and the waterproof membrane should be sealed with polyurethane waterproof sealant (or waterproof sealant of the same performance) to prevent leakage.

[0057] S7, install the conversion steel beams, triangular connectors, purlin assemblies, and photovoltaic modules in sequence until the entire project is completed.

[0058] Compared with existing technologies, the support structure and usage method for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight panel roof described in this invention have the following advantages:

[0059] 1. The support structure provided by the present invention can directly transfer the load borne by the support structure to the main structural steel beam, and reduce the self-weight of the counterweight foundation by adding rear-expanded bottom anchor bolts, thereby controlling the increased load on the roof within the bearing capacity range of the main structural steel beam.

[0060] 2. The support structure provided by this invention only requires the removal of the surface corrugated decorative strip and waterproof membrane, without damaging the leveling layer and insulation layer, and the overall waterproof effect is easy to repair.

[0061] 3. The method of using the support structure provided by the present invention can not only guide construction, but also provide a calculation basis for design, filling the gap in the lack of calculation methods in the prior art.

[0062] 4. Relevant national plans clearly require accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and building a beautiful China. Installing distributed photovoltaic modules on the roofs of existing buildings is an important way to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of key sectors such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy. This invention can effectively control the increase in roof load, eliminating the need for reinforcement and welding of the main building structure and steel frame, minimizing damage to the roof structure, significantly reducing construction difficulty and costs, and ensuring the anti-slip stability, anti-overturning stability, and anti-pull-out stability of the photovoltaic support system. The technical solution of this invention has broad application prospects after transformation and possesses high promotion and application value and market economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0063] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0064] Figure 1 This is a front elevation view of a support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight panel roof, according to the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof membrane roofing of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of anchor bolt holes in the precast reinforced concrete component of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the main purlin and the secondary purlin of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular component of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the load distribution on the support structure of the present invention;

[0071] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0072] 1: Main structural steel beams;

[0073] 2: Steel-framed lightweight panel;

[0074] 3: Waterproof membrane for pitched roofs; 31: Insulation board; 32: Leveling layer; 33: Waterproof membrane; 34: Corrugated decorative strips;

[0075] 4: Counterweight foundation; 41: Precast reinforced concrete component; 42: Anchor bolt hole; 43: Anchor bolt; 44: Interface treatment agent; 45: Post-expanded bottom anchor bolt; 46: Hole sealing material.

[0076] 5: Transfer steel beam;

[0077] 6: Triangular connector; 61: Triangular connector; 62: Connecting bolt;

[0078] 7: Purlin assembly; 71: Main purlin; 72: Secondary purlin; 73: Fastening bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0079] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0080] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0081] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0082] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0083] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a support structure suitable for installing photovoltaic modules on steel-framed lightweight roof panels is provided, particularly suitable for retrofitting existing steel-framed lightweight roof panels with photovoltaic installations. The structure includes:

[0084] Main structural steel beam 1;

[0085] The steel frame lightweight panel 2 is directly supported above the main structural steel beam 1;

[0086] Waterproof membrane pitched roof 3, which is laid on top of steel frame lightweight panel 2, and includes, from bottom to top, insulation board, leveling layer, waterproof membrane and corrugated decorative strip;

[0087] The counterweight foundation 4 is set above the waterproof membrane pitched roof 3. The long side of the counterweight foundation 4 is parallel to the span direction of the main structural steel beam 1, and the width direction of the counterweight foundation 4 is aligned with the center of the width direction of the main structural steel beam 1. The counterweight foundation 4 includes a precast reinforced concrete component, an upper anchoring component, a lower anchoring component, and a friction enhancement layer.

[0088] The conversion steel beam 5 is supported above the counterweight foundation 4 and is arranged perpendicular to the long side of the counterweight foundation 4.

[0089] Triangular connector 6;

[0090] Purlin assembly 7, which is connected to the conversion steel beam 5 via triangular connector 6.

[0091] In this embodiment, the waterproof membrane pitched roof 3 includes, from bottom to top, an insulation board 31, a leveling layer 32, a waterproof membrane 33, and corrugated decorative strips 34. The leveling layer 32 is 40mm thick C20 fine stone concrete (with 4@150x150 steel mesh).

[0092] In this embodiment, the main structural steel beam 1, the steel frame lightweight panel 2, and the waterproof membrane pitched roof 3 were already constructed and put into use before the photovoltaic modules were installed.

[0093] In this embodiment, the counterweight foundation 4 includes a precast reinforced concrete component 41, anchor bolt holes 42, anchor bolts 43, interface treatment agent 44, post-expansion anchor bolts 45, and hole sealing material 46. Anchor bolt holes 42 and anchor bolts 43 are reserved at specific locations on the precast reinforced concrete component 41. Interface treatment agent 44 is applied to the contact surface between the waterproof membrane roof leveling layer 32 and the precast reinforced concrete component 41 to increase the friction coefficient between them. The post-expansion anchor bolts 45 are connected to the steel frame lightweight plate 2 through the anchor bolt holes 42, and hole sealing material 46 is poured into the anchor bolt holes to improve the pull-out resistance of the counterweight foundation. The three components work together to ensure the anti-slip, anti-overturning, and anti-pull-out stability of the photovoltaic support system, while controlling the additional load within the bearing capacity of the main structure.

[0094] In this embodiment, the transfer steel beam 5 is connected to the precast reinforced concrete component 41 by anchor bolts 43, and the span of the transfer steel beam 5 is the distance between two adjacent counterweight foundations 4.

[0095] In this embodiment, the triangular connector 6 includes a triangular member 61 and a connecting bolt 62, and the triangular member 61 is connected to the conversion steel beam 5 by the connecting bolt 62.

[0096] In this embodiment, the purlin assembly 7 includes a main purlin 71, a secondary purlin 72, and fastening bolts 73. The main purlin 71 is connected to the triangular member 61 by connecting bolts 62, thereby supporting it on the conversion steel beam. The secondary purlin 72 is connected to the main purlin 71 by fastening bolts 73, thereby supporting it on the main purlin 71.

[0097] In this embodiment, preferably, based on the thickness and anchoring length requirements of the steel frame lightweight plate 2, the rear-expanded bottom anchor 45 should be an M12 rear-expanded bottom anchor with locking key effect.

[0098] In this embodiment, preferably, the anchor bolt hole 42 is a T-shaped through hole, and the number of the anchor bolt holes 42 and the rear-expanded anchor bolts 45 should be determined by calculation.

[0099] In this embodiment, preferably, the interface treatment agent 44 should be a dry powder or liquid interface treatment agent for cement concrete.

[0100] In this embodiment, preferably, the hole sealing material 46 is a CGM grout with a strength grade one level higher than that of the precast reinforced concrete component 41.

[0101] In this embodiment, after the counterweight foundation 4 is constructed, a waterproof membrane matching the roof waterproofing grade should be used to cover the exposed part of the foundation. The additional waterproof layer extends to 250mm from the outer edge of the precast reinforced concrete component 41. The contact points between the protruding anchor bolts 43 on the foundation and the waterproof membrane should be sealed with polyurethane waterproof sealant (or waterproof sealant with the same performance) to form a complete waterproof system and prevent water leakage.

[0102] In this embodiment, preferably, due to the supporting effect of the conversion steel beam 5, the spacing of the main purlins should be 2m, so that the standard cross section in Appendix B of the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Support Structures" (NB / T 10115-2018) can be adopted.

[0103] When faced with a specific object like a "steel-framed lightweight panel roof," those skilled in the art often have a technical bias due to concerns about exceeding load limits (ballast) and damaging waterproofing (anchoring), believing that the two are mutually exclusive. This embodiment overcomes this bias by organically integrating seemingly contradictory methods (ballast + anchoring) and using an interface agent to optimize the effect of this integration. In this embodiment, when installing photovoltaic modules, the waterproof membrane 33 and corrugated decorative strips 34 within the contact area between the precast reinforced concrete component 41 and the leveling layer 32 are first removed, and the surface of the leveling layer 32 is cleaned. Then, by pre-drilling anchor bolt holes 42 and ground anchor bolts 43 at specific locations on the precast reinforced concrete component 41, an interface treatment agent 44 is applied to the contact surface between the waterproof membrane roof leveling layer 32 and the precast reinforced concrete component 41. Afterward, the rear-expanded bottom anchor bolts 45 are connected to the steel-framed lightweight panel 2 through the anchor bolt holes 42, and hole sealing material 46 is poured into the anchor bolt holes. Completely abandoning the previous rigid connection method of damaging the roof and welding steel frame, a fixing method combining flexibility and rigidity was adopted, which is based on counterweight foundation (ballast) + post-expanded bottom anchor bolts (pull-out resistance) + interface treatment agent (friction enhancement). This realizes a paradigm shift from destructive construction to protective construction and achieves minimal damage.

[0104] In this embodiment, the self-weight of the counterweight foundation 4, the anchoring force of the post-expanded anchor bolts 45, and the friction between the precast reinforced concrete component 41 treated with the interface treatment agent 44 and the leveling layer 32 jointly ensure the anti-slip stability, anti-overturning stability, and anti-pull-out stability of the installed photovoltaic support system. Through the combination of anchor bolts, counterweight, and interface agent, a 1+1+1>3 effect is achieved, controlling the load within a precise range while meeting all stability indicators. This collaboratively solves the core challenge of safely and non-destructively installing photovoltaic systems on sensitive, already constructed lightweight roofs, and achieves the technical effect of controlling the added load.

[0105] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 The above embodiments are further described below:

[0106] Taking the installation of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation modules on the roof of an inspection depot in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, as an example, the inspection depot has a frame structure, using precast reinforced concrete frame columns and trapezoidal steel roof trusses. The frame span is 49m, the column spacing is 6m, and the roof uses lightweight steel-framed roof panels with a roof tilt angle of 5.711°. The PV modules measure 2384mm x 1304mm x 30mm and weigh 0.15kN / m³. 2 Two photovoltaic panels are arranged above a single counterweight foundation (e.g. Figure 1 As shown), the total length is 4788mm. The basic wind pressure in the Shenyang area (50-year return period) is 0.55 kN / m². 2 The wind pressure height variation coefficient is 1.13, the wind vibration coefficient is 1.2, the shape coefficient is -0.95 (wind suction), and the standard value of wind suction force is 0.71 kN / m. 2 In summary, the standard value of wind suction force borne by a single counterweight foundation is 0.71 kN / m. 2 x4.788m x 6m = 20.4kN.

[0107] The method of using the support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel in the above embodiments includes the following steps:

[0108] S1, the friction coefficient between the precast reinforced concrete component treated with the interface treatment agent and the leveling layer was determined through testing. =0.5 and the anchoring force of the back-expanded anchor bolt =1.0kN.

[0109] S2, the cross-sectional dimensions of the precast reinforced concrete components, transfer steel beams, and purlins are determined through calculation.

[0110] S21, according to relevant specifications, the transfer steel beam is determined to be HM200x150, the main purlins are U41X82X15X2.0, and the secondary purlins are U41X82X15X2.0; after verification by the original main structure design unit, the newly added uniformly distributed load on the roof is ≤0.6kN / m.2 It can meet the load-bearing capacity requirements of the main structural steel beams, and the dimensions (length) of the precast reinforced concrete components have been preliminarily determined. =4.82m, height =0.25m, width 0.5m) and the number of post-expansion base anchor bolts (8 rows, 2 columns, totaling 16). The self-weight of the support structure (including photovoltaic modules) has been calculated. =28.1kN, the self-weight of the newly added photovoltaic support structure on the roof is converted into a uniformly distributed load of 0.59kN / m. 2 <0.6kN / m 2 It meets the load-bearing capacity requirements of the main structural steel beams.

[0111] S22, It is 20.4kN. It is 28.1kN. The angle is 5.711°; during the pull-out stability check, the anchor bolt is subjected to uniform force, therefore... same:

[0112]

[0113] Therefore, =0.29kN.

[0114] S23, It is 20.4kN. It is 28.1kN. The length is 4.82m, and H is 0.25m. The angle is 5.711°. Take the moment about point A (e.g.) Figure 7 The following anchor bolts have the following lengths: L1 = 0.125m, L2 = 0.675m, L3 = 1.405m, L4 = 2.135m, L5 = 2.685m, L6 = 3.415m, L7 = 4.145m, and L8 = 4.695m. During the overturning stability check, the force on each anchor bolt conforms to the plane section assumption, with the furthest anchor bolt bearing the largest stress (assuming it is...). The remaining anchor bolts bear the pull-out force of :

[0115]

[0116] Therefore, =0.48kN.

[0117] S24, because the anchor bolt simultaneously bears... and The anchor bolt bearing the largest load must meet the following requirement:

[0118] ;

[0119] S25, It is 20.4kN. It is 28.1kN. It is 0.5. The angle is 5.711°, and the anti-slip stability is calculated using the following formula, which shows that the requirements are met:

[0120]

[0121] S26, The dimensions of the precast reinforced concrete components and the post-expansion anchor bolts set in step S21 are reasonable and feasible.

[0122] S3, the precast reinforced concrete component 41 is precast in the precast component processing plant and transported to the construction site. Anchor bolt holes 42 and anchor bolts 43 are reserved during the processing of the precast reinforced concrete component.

[0123] S4. According to the on-site construction organization plan, before the precast reinforced concrete component 41 is hoisted into place, the waterproof membrane 33 and corrugated decorative strip 34 within the contact area between the precast reinforced concrete component 41 and the leveling layer 32 shall be removed, and the surface of the leveling layer 32 shall be cleaned and an interface treatment agent 44 shall be applied to minimize damage to the roof. The removal range of the waterproof membrane 33 and corrugated decorative strip 34 shall be matched with the construction organization plan to avoid premature exposure of the leveling layer.

[0124] S5. After the precast reinforced concrete component 41 is hoisted into place, the bottom-enlarged anchor bolt 45 is installed, and the gap of the anchor bolt hole 42 is sealed with hole sealing material 46.

[0125] S6. After the interface treatment agent 44 reaches the required strength, the counterweight foundation 4 should be covered with a waterproof membrane that matches the roof waterproofing grade. The additional waterproof layer should extend 250mm beyond the outer edge of the precast reinforced concrete component. The contact points between the protruding anchor bolts on the foundation and the waterproof membrane should be sealed with polyurethane waterproof sealant (or waterproof sealant with the same performance) to prevent leakage.

[0126] S7. Install the conversion steel beam 5, triangular connector 6, purlin 7, and photovoltaic panels in sequence until the entire project is completed.

[0127] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A support structure for mounting photovoltaic modules on a lightweight steel-framed roof panel, comprising a main structural steel beam (1), characterized in that: Also includes: The steel frame lightweight panel (2) is directly supported above the main structural steel beam (1); Waterproof pitched roof structural layer (3), which is laid on top of steel frame lightweight panel (2); The conversion steel beam (5) is installed above the waterproof slope roof structure layer (3) via a counterweight foundation (4). The counterweight foundation (4) is connected to the conversion steel beam (5) via an upper anchoring member and to the steel frame lightweight panel (2) via a lower anchoring member passing through the waterproof slope roof structure layer (3). Purlin assembly (7), which is mounted above the conversion steel beam (5) via connecting member (6).

2. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof slope roof structure layer (3) includes, from bottom to top, an insulation board (31), a leveling layer (32), a waterproof membrane (33), and corrugated decorative strips (34). The leveling layer (32) is a concrete layer and is equipped with a steel mesh.

3. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long side of the counterweight foundation (4) is parallel to the span direction of the main structural steel beam (1), the width direction of the counterweight foundation (4) is aligned with the center of the width direction of the main structural steel beam (1), and the transfer steel beam (5) is arranged perpendicular to the long side of the counterweight foundation (4).

4. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight foundation (4) includes a precast reinforced concrete component (41), an upper anchoring component, a lower anchoring component, and a friction enhancement layer. The friction enhancement layer includes an interface treatment agent (44) applied between the contact surface of the precast reinforced concrete component (41) and the leveling layer (32) of the waterproof slope roof structure layer (3). The exposed part of the counterweight foundation (4) is covered with a waterproof membrane, and the contact part between the anchor bolt (43) and the waterproof membrane is provided with a waterproof sealant.

5. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper anchoring component includes anchor bolts (43) reserved on the precast reinforced concrete component (41). The transfer steel beam (5) is connected to the precast reinforced concrete component (41) through the anchor bolts (43). The span of the transfer steel beam (5) is equal to the distance between two adjacent counterweight foundations (4).

6. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower anchoring component includes a rear-expanded bottom anchor (45) and an anchor hole (42) reserved on the precast reinforced concrete component (41). The rear-expanded bottom anchor (45) passes through the anchor hole (42) and is connected to the steel frame lightweight plate (2). The anchor hole (42) is filled with hole sealing material (46).

7. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear-expanded bottom anchor (45) is a rear-expanded bottom anchor with a keying effect, the anchor hole (42) is a T-shaped through hole, the interface treatment agent (44) is a concrete interface treatment agent, and the hole sealing material (46) is a grout with a strength grade higher than that of the precast reinforced concrete component (41).

8. The support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member (6) includes a triangular piece (61) and a connecting bolt (62). The triangular piece (61) is connected to the conversion steel beam (5) by the connecting bolt (62). The purlin assembly (7) includes a main purlin (71), a secondary purlin (72) and a fastening bolt (73). The main purlin (71) is connected to the triangular piece (61) by the connecting bolt (62), and the secondary purlin (72) is connected to the main purlin (71) by the fastening bolt (73).

9. A method of using a support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, the friction coefficient between the precast reinforced concrete component treated with the interface treatment agent and the leveling layer was determined through experiments. and the anchoring force of the rear-expanded anchor bolt ; S2, the cross-sectional dimensions of precast reinforced concrete components, transfer steel beams, purlin assemblies and the number of post-expansion anchor bolts are determined by calculation; S3, precast reinforced concrete components, with anchor bolt holes and foundation anchor bolts pre-reserved during the processing of precast reinforced concrete components; S4. Before the precast reinforced concrete components are hoisted into place, the waterproof membrane and corrugated decorative strips in the contact area between the precast reinforced concrete components and the leveling layer are removed, and the surface of the leveling layer is cleaned and an interface treatment agent is applied. S5, hoist the precast reinforced concrete components, and after hoisting them into place, construct the expanded bottom anchor bolts and use hole sealing material to seal the gaps in the anchor bolt holes; S6. After the interface treatment agent reaches the required strength, use waterproof membrane to cover the exposed part of the counterweight foundation and seal the contact area between the anchor bolts and the waterproof membrane. S7, install the conversion steel beams, triangular connectors, purlins and photovoltaic modules in sequence until the entire project is completed.

10. The method of using the support structure for installing photovoltaic modules on a steel-framed lightweight roof panel according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: S21, the cross-sectional dimensions of the conversion steel beam and purlins are initially determined, and the dimensions of the precast reinforced concrete components and the number of post-expansion anchor bolts are initially determined based on the fact that the new load on the roof is within the bearing capacity of the main structure steel beam. S22, Pull-out stability verification Calculate the pull-out stability using the following formula, ensuring that the pull-out stability safety factor is not less than the preset value A: In the formula: -Standard value of wind suction power (KN); - Self-weight of the support structure, including counterweight foundation, transfer steel beam, purlins, photovoltaic modules, etc. (KN); - Pull-out force (KN) borne by the nth rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt; - Roof tilt angle; S23, Overturning Stability Verification Calculate the anti-overturning stability using the following formula, ensuring that the anti-overturning stability safety factor is not less than the preset value B: Where: H - height of precast reinforced concrete component (m); - Height of precast reinforced concrete components (m); - Lever arm (m) of the nth rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt; - Pull-out force (KN) borne by the nth rear-expanded bottom anchor bolt; S24, Anchor bolt bearing capacity verification, ensuring that the anchor bolt bearing the largest load meets the following requirement: ； S25, Anti-slip stability verification Calculate the anti-slip stability using the following formula, ensuring that the anti-slip stability safety factor is not less than the preset value C: ； S26. Adjust the dimensions of the precast reinforced concrete components and the number of post-expansion anchor bolts until the above requirements are met.

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