Directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment hole cleaning device for underground water supply pipe laying

Abstract

The application relates to a directional drilling slurry internal-external circulation sediment hole cleaning device for underground water supply pipe laying, and belongs to the technical field of trenchless directional drilling construction. The device comprises a flow guide pipe, a flow distribution pipe, a nozzle and a flower pipe sleeved outside. The flower pipe and the flow guide pipe and the flow distribution pipe form a mixing chamber. Filter holes are formed on the flower pipe. The nozzle is arranged at the end of the flow distribution pipe, and the outlet diameter of the nozzle is smaller than the inner diameter of the flow distribution pipe. The nozzle is used for forming a suction negative pressure in the mixing chamber, and the slurry containing drill cuttings outside is actively sucked into the filter holes and discharged into the flow guide pipe. The application actively carries the cuttings by using the suction principle, solves the problems that large-diameter drill cuttings are prone to accumulation and the cutting removal efficiency is low in directional drilling hole expansion, and effectively improves the hole cleaning effect and construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of trenchless directional drilling technology, and in particular to a directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning device for laying underground water supply pipes. Background Technology

[0002] In trenchless directional drilling construction of underground water supply pipelines, horizontal directional drilling rigs are typically used. The conventional process includes: first, drilling a pilot hole, followed by reaming and cleaning. During reaming and cleaning, a reaming bit with a central through-hole is commonly used, with the drill rod connected to the rear end of the reaming bit. During construction, mud pumped in by the mud pump enters the reaming bit with the central through-hole. A portion of the mud is ejected through water jets on the outer surface of the reaming bit, participating in lubrication and cuttings removal during drilling, and ultimately mixing with the drill cuttings before flowing into the annulus behind the reaming bit; the other portion of the mud enters the inner cavity of the drill rod at the rear end through the central through-hole of the reaming bit.

[0003] However, in large-diameter pipeline reaming operations in complex geological conditions (such as gravel and pebbles), the drill cuttings generated during reaming are large in size and numerous. Current methods rely solely on the natural flow of mud ejected from the reaming bit's water nozzles within the annulus to carry the drill cuttings. This method has limited power and is insufficient to actively and efficiently transport large-diameter drill cuttings from the annulus to the drill pipe cavity and out of the borehole. This leads to the accumulation of large-diameter drill cuttings at the bottom of the borehole or behind the reaming bit, forming drill cuttings buildup. This can cause drilling failures such as stuck drill bit, abnormally increased drill torque, and even borehole collapse, severely impacting construction efficiency and project safety.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a technical solution that can efficiently suck in and discharge the mud mixture containing large-diameter drill cuttings in the borehole annulus during the borehole reaming process by utilizing the power of mud circulation, thereby ensuring smooth borehole operation and avoiding drill cuttings accumulation, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying.

[0006] The technical solution provided in this application for a directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying adopts the following: A directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for laying underground water supply pipes includes a guide pipe for connecting to the rear drill pipe and a branch pipe for connecting to the front drill pipe. The guide pipe and the branch pipe are coaxially arranged. The tool also includes: a nozzle disposed at one end of the branch pipe near the guide pipe, with the nozzle orifice facing the guide pipe, for accelerating the mud in the branch pipe into the guide pipe; and a perforated tube sleeved on the outside of the branch pipe and the guide pipe, with both ends of the perforated tube fixedly connected to the branch pipe and the guide pipe, respectively. The inner wall of the perforated tube and the outer walls of the branch pipe and the guide pipe enclose a mixing chamber. The outer circumferential surface of the perforated tube has filter holes for external mud containing drill cuttings to enter the mixing chamber.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during borehole reaming operations, the mud flows sequentially through the distributor pipe and nozzle, forming a high-speed jet that is injected into the guide pipe. Due to the jet suction effect, a negative pressure zone is formed in the mixing chamber. The mud mixture containing drill cuttings in the borehole annulus is actively sucked into the mixing chamber through the filter holes on the perforated pipe, mixes with the mainstream mud, and is then discharged into the rear drill pipe cavity through the guide pipe. This achieves active and efficient suction and transport of drill cuttings in the borehole annulus, fundamentally solving the problem in existing technologies where relying solely on the natural flow of mud to carry drill cuttings leads to the accumulation of large-diameter drill cuttings, causing stuck drill and collapse. This significantly improves the cuttings removal efficiency and engineering safety in borehole reaming operations for large-diameter pipelines in complex geological conditions.

[0008] Preferably, the diverter is slidably disposed within the perforated tube along the axial direction of the perforated tube, and the perforated tube is provided with a connecting device for driving the diverter to slide and locking the position of the diverter.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, operators can flexibly adjust the axial distance between the diverter and the guide pipe according to the actual construction conditions (such as mud pump volume, drill cuttings particle size, and formation characteristics), thereby changing the magnitude of the suction negative pressure in the mixing chamber, so that the hole cleaner always works in the best chip removal condition, improving the adaptability of the device to different construction conditions, and solving the defect of non-adjustable suction in the existing technology.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting device includes: an end plate, fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the diverter tube, with the outer edge of the end plate fitting against the inner wall of the perforated tube; at least two screws, arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the diverter tube, each screw being rotatably connected to the end plate, and the axis of the screw being parallel to the axis of the perforated tube; and a connecting ring, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the perforated tube, the connecting ring having threaded holes corresponding to the screws one by one.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, rotating the screw can drive the diverter pipe to slide precisely and smoothly axially within the perforated pipe via threaded transmission. Furthermore, the self-locking characteristic of the thread ensures reliable locking of the adjusted position, preventing accidental displacement caused by mud impact. This structure is simple, offers high adjustment precision, and solves the problem of the lack of a reliable axial adjustment and positioning mechanism in existing technologies.

[0012] Preferably, the flower tube includes a tube body and at least one filter plate, the filter holes are disposed on the filter plate, the tube body is provided with a communication port corresponding to the position of the filter plate, the filter plate is used to cover the communication port and is fixedly connected to the tube body, and the tube body is provided with a fixing device for detachably fixing the filter plate to the tube body.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the filter holes are blocked by fine drill cuttings and the suction efficiency is affected, it is not necessary to disassemble the entire hole cleaner. Only the filter plate needs to be removed through the fixing device for cleaning or replacement, which significantly reduces maintenance difficulty and downtime, improves construction continuity, and solves the defect of the existing technology that is extremely inconvenient to clean after the filter structure is blocked.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing device includes: lugs fixedly disposed at both ends of the filter plate, the lugs having locking holes; a locking rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the flower tube along the axial direction of the flower tube, one end of the locking rod being inserted into the locking hole; and a driving mechanism disposed inside the flower tube for driving the locking rod to slide toward the communication port so that the locking rod is held in the locking hole.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a fixing device is constructed by setting lugs, locking rods, and a drive mechanism. The filter plate is locked by inserting the locking rod into the locking hole on the lug, and the drive mechanism maintains the locked state of the locking rod. This solution achieves rapid installation and reliable fixing of the filter plate, has a simple structure, is firmly locked, and can withstand the vibration and impact caused by the rotation of the cleaning device and the scouring of mud, preventing the filter plate from accidentally falling off.

[0016] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes: a sliding ring slidably disposed on the inner wall of the flower tube, and the locking rod fixedly connected to the sliding ring; a first elastic element disposed inside the flower tube, one end abutting against the sliding ring, and the other end fixed relative to the flower tube, for continuously applying an elastic force to the sliding ring to make it slide toward the lug.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the elastic force of the first elastic element continuously pushes the sliding ring, so that the locking rod always maintains the tendency to be inserted into the lock hole. The locking function can be continuously and reliably achieved without external energy. The structure is simple, the function is reliable, and it can be adapted to the situation of multiple filter plates. All locking rods can be fixed on the same sliding ring, simplifying the structure and making it easy to control.

[0018] Preferably, a locking block is slidably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring along the radial direction of the sliding ring. A second elastic element is provided inside the sliding ring for driving the locking block to slide outwards from the sliding ring. A through hole is provided on the tube body for inserting the locking block. A pressing block is provided on the filter plate for inserting into the through hole. When the locking block is embedded in the through hole, the locking rod is in a state of being withdrawn from the lock hole. When the pressing block pushes the locking block out of the through hole, the sliding ring drives the locking rod to insert into the lock hole under the action of the first elastic element.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, before installing the filter plate, the locking block is embedded in the through hole under the action of the second elastic element, keeping the locking rod in a retracted state (without interfering with the placement of the filter plate); when the filter plate is in place and the pressing block is pushed into the through hole, the locking block is pressed back into the sliding ring, releasing the sliding ring, and the locking rod is then automatically inserted into the locking hole under the action of the first elastic element. This structure enables quick and foolproof installation of the filter plate, without the need for additional tools or manual reset of the locking rod, solving the problem of difficulty in aligning the locking rod during installation.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes an unlocking mechanism, the unlocking mechanism comprising: An annular sleeve is fitted onto the outer peripheral wall of the diverter pipe. The inner cavity of the annular sleeve is connected to the inner cavity of the diverter pipe. Fixed rings and mounting rings are provided on both sides of the sliding ring near the diverter pipe and the sliding ring near the guide pipe. The inner holes of the fixed ring and the sliding ring near the diverter pipe are sealed and slidingly engaged with the outer wall of the annular sleeve. The inner holes of the fixed ring and the mounting ring near the guide pipe are sealed and engaged with the outer wall of the guide pipe. A connecting hole is formed on the cylinder wall of the annular sleeve to connect the inner cavity of the annular sleeve with the cavity between the sliding ring and the fixed ring near the diverter pipe; A connecting pipe is disposed inside the flower tube. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the space between the sliding ring and the fixed ring near the diverting pipe, and the other end is connected to the space between the sliding ring and the fixed ring near the guide pipe. The piston is slidably fitted outside the annular sleeve and has an axially penetrating drainage hole on it; A third elastic element is disposed inside the annular sleeve and is used to drive the piston to move to the initial position of blocking the connecting hole; A trigger is used to drive the piston to move under the action of an external force to open the communication hole.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the annular sleeve is connected to the inner cavity of the diversion pipe, and high-pressure mud is introduced into the cavity between the sliding rings and the corresponding fixed rings at both ends through the connecting hole and the connecting pipe. After the trigger drives the piston to open the connecting hole, the high-pressure mud in the diversion pipe itself serves as a power source, simultaneously pushing the sliding rings at both ends to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element, causing the locking rods at both ends to exit from the locking hole synchronously, thus achieving rapid unlocking and disassembly of the filter plate. This solution solves the problem of manually unlocking the locking rods at both ends one by one when disassembling the filter plate, which is time-consuming and laborious. It achieves synchronous unlocking of both ends using the working medium of the cleaning device itself, without the need for external tools, making the operation extremely convenient and significantly shortening the maintenance time. At the same time, the drainage hole on the piston can balance the pressure before and after the piston, preventing the piston from jamming and ensuring the reliability of the mechanism's operation. The entire unlocking mechanism is integrated inside the perforated tube, with a compact structure that does not affect the external dimensions and flow channel performance of the cleaning device.

[0022] Preferably, the triggering element includes a trigger rod fixedly mounted on the piston, the trigger rod extending axially along the diverter tube to the outside of the annular sleeve, and the position of the outer end of the trigger rod corresponding to the position of the lug; when the diverter tube slides towards the guide tube, the trigger rod can contact the lug and be pressed into the annular sleeve.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the operator drives the diverter tube to slide to the maximum stroke in the direction of the guide tube, the trigger rod will just touch the lug and be pressed into the annular sleeve, thereby automatically triggering the unlocking. This design makes full use of the existing axial adjustment function of the hole cleaner to perform the unlocking operation without adding any additional operating steps. It has a compact structure and is easy to use.

[0024] Preferably, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the flower tube.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, during the hole enlargement process, the hole cleaner rotates with the drill pipe, and the stirring blades continuously agitate the mud-drill cuttings mixture in the borehole annulus, preventing large-diameter drill cuttings from depositing near the outer wall of the perforated pipe. This ensures that the mud containing cuttings always maintains a good suspension state and fluidity, improves the uniformity of drill cuttings intake through the perforated pipe filter holes, and solves the problem in the background technology where poor mud fluidity leads to localized drill cuttings deposition and affects intake efficiency.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By combining the nozzle jet suction effect with the perforated pipe filter structure, the active and continuous intake and discharge of drilling mud containing large-diameter drill cuttings in the borehole annulus is achieved, which fundamentally solves the problem of natural accumulation of drill cuttings in the existing technology, significantly reduces the risk of stuck drill and collapse, and improves the engineering safety and construction efficiency of borehole enlargement construction of large-diameter pipelines in complex formations.

[0027] 2. Through the adjustable diverter and connecting device, the suction intensity can be flexibly adjusted according to actual construction parameters (mud pump volume, drill cuttings particle size, etc.), so that the hole cleaner always works in the optimal cuttings removal condition, which greatly improves the adaptability of the device to different geological conditions and drill bit combinations.

[0028] 3. The filter plate adopts a detachable filter plate structure and is equipped with an automatic locking / unlocking mechanism driven by mud pressure, which realizes quick replacement and self-locking of the filter plate, greatly reducing maintenance downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection device structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the filter plate assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 This is an overall assembly sectional view of an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the lock block assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding ring and locking rod according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the annular sleeve structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Guide tube; 2. Diverter tube; 21. Annular sleeve; 211. Connecting hole; 212. Piston; 2121. Drain hole; 213. Third elastic element; 214. Trigger rod; 22. Nozzle; 3. Flower tube; 31. Tube body; 311. Connecting port; 312. Through hole; 32. Filter plate; 321. Filter hole; 322. Pressing block; 4. Stirring blade; 5. Connecting device; 51. End plate; 52. Screw; 53. Sprocket; 54. Chain; 55. Connecting ring; 6. Fixing device; 61. Lug; 611. Locking hole; 62. Locking rod; 63. Drive mechanism; 631. Sliding ring; 632. First elastic element; 7. Locking block; 71. Second elastic element; 8. Fixing ring; 81. Connecting tube; 9. Mounting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0038] This application discloses a directional drilling mud circulation and sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The hole cleaner includes a guide tube 1, a branch tube 2, a nozzle 22, and a perforated tube 3. The guide tube 1 is used to connect to the rear drill pipe, and the branch tube 2 is used to connect to the front drill pipe. The guide tube 1 and the branch tube 2 are coaxially arranged and maintain a preset axial distance between them.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nozzle 22 is fixedly installed at one end of the diverter pipe 2 near the guide pipe 1. The nozzle 22's orifice faces the guide pipe 1, and the central axis of the nozzle 22 coincides with the central axis of both the diverter pipe 2 and the guide pipe 1. The inner bore of the nozzle 22 is constricted, and the outlet inner diameter of the nozzle 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the diverter pipe 2. This is used to form a high-speed jet of high-pressure mud from the diverter pipe 2 into the guide pipe 1, and to create a suction negative pressure at the outlet of the nozzle 22.

[0040] The perforated tube 3 is sleeved outside the diverter tube 2 and the guide tube 1. The front end of the perforated tube 3 is fixedly connected to the diverter tube 2, and the rear end of the perforated tube 3 is fixedly connected to the guide tube 1. The preferred connection method is welding. The inner wall of the perforated tube 3 and the outer walls of the diverter tube 2 and the guide tube 1 enclose a closed annular cavity, i.e., a mixing chamber.

[0041] Multiple stirring blades 4 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the perforated tube 3. The stirring blades 4 are square iron plates, welded and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the perforated tube 3, and evenly distributed along the circumference of the perforated tube 3. During the high-speed rotation of the hole cleaner with the drill rod, the stirring blades 4 continuously agitate the mud in the borehole annulus, preventing drill cuttings from depositing and improving suction efficiency and the ability to carry drill cuttings.

[0042] The flower tube 3 includes a cylindrical tube body 31 and three detachable filter plates 32. The three filter plates 32 are evenly spaced at 120° intervals along the circumference of the tube body 31. The tube body 31 has three connecting ports 311 that correspond one-to-one with the positions of the three filter plates 32. The filter plates 32 are used to cover and close the corresponding connecting ports 311. Several filter holes 321 are opened on the filter plates 32 for allowing external drilling mud containing drill cuttings to enter the mixing chamber. The positions of the filter holes 321 correspond to the nozzle 22. The tube body 31 is provided with a fixing device 6 for detachably fixing the filter plates 32 to the tube body 31.

[0043] In order to enable the hole cleaner to adapt to different working conditions, the diverter tube 2 is slidably disposed in the perforated tube 3 along the axial direction of the perforated tube 3. The perforated tube 3 is provided with a connecting device 5 for driving the diverter tube 2 to slide and locking the position of the diverter tube 2.

[0044] The connecting device 5 includes an end plate 51, six screws 52, a chain drive mechanism, and a connecting ring 55. The end plate 51 is an annular plate, fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the diverter pipe 2. The end plate 51 is welded to the diverter pipe 2, and its outer edge fits against the inner wall of the perforated pipe 3, serving a guiding and sealing function. The six screws 52 are arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the diverter pipe 2. Each screw 52 is rotatably connected to the end plate 51 via a bearing. The axis of the screw 52 is parallel to the axis of the perforated pipe 3. The end of each screw 52 extends beyond the end plate 51 and is connected to a hexagonal head for easy rotation. Each screw 52 is coaxially fixed with a sprocket 53, and the sprockets 53 are connected by a chain 54, ensuring that rotating any one screw 52 causes the other five screws 52 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction, thus guaranteeing smooth and non-skewed axial movement of the diverter pipe 2.

[0045] A connecting ring 55 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the perforated tube 3. The connecting ring 55 has six threaded holes, each corresponding to one of the six screws 52 and threadedly engaged. To improve the connection between the end plate 51 and the perforated tube 3, two connecting rings 55 are used, arranged sequentially along the axis of the diverter tube 2. Each screw 52 rotates through two connecting rings 55 in sequence and is threadedly connected to the corresponding connecting ring 55. By rotating the screws 52, the diverter tube 2 can be driven to move axially relative to the perforated tube 3, and its position can be locked by the self-locking characteristic of the threads.

[0046] Refer to entry 3 and Figure 4 The fixing device 6 is used to detachably fix each filter plate 32 to the tube body 31. Each filter plate 32 corresponds to one set of fixing devices 6. The two sets of fixing devices 6 are arranged symmetrically about the filter plate 32, respectively corresponding to the two ends of the filter plate 32 along the axial direction of the tube 3. Each set of fixing devices 6 includes a lug 61, a locking rod 62 and a driving mechanism 63.

[0047] Lugs 61 are fixedly mounted on the ends of filter plates 32. Each filter plate 32 has four lugs 61, symmetrically arranged in pairs at both ends of the filter plate 32. Each lug 61 has a locking hole 611. The locking rods 62 in both sets of fixing devices 6 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the perforated tube 3 along the axial direction of the tube 3. One end of each locking rod 62 faces the connecting port 311 at its end, and is used to pass through the connecting port 311 and insert into the locking hole 611 of the corresponding lug 61, thereby locking the corresponding filter plate 32.

[0048] The drive mechanism 63 is disposed inside the flower tube 3 and is used to drive the locking rod 62 to slide toward the connecting port 311 so that the locking rod 62 is kept inserted into the locking hole 611. The drive mechanism 63 in each set of fixing devices 6 includes a sliding ring 631 and a first elastic element 632. The sliding ring 631 is annular and is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the flower tube 3 at the corresponding position. The outer diameter of the sliding ring 631 matches the inner diameter of the flower tube 3. The rear end of the locking rod 62 is fixedly connected to the sliding ring 631. All locking rods 62 located at the same end of the filter plate 32 are fixed on the same sliding ring 631.

[0049] To stably achieve the sliding of the sliding ring 631, mounting ring 9 and fixing ring 8 are welded and fixed on both sides of the sliding ring 631 on the inner wall of the flower tube 3. The outer diameter of the mounting ring 9 and fixing ring 8 is equal to the inner diameter of the flower tube 3. The inner diameter of the mounting ring 9 is smaller than that of the sliding ring 631, and the inner diameter of the fixing ring 8 is equal to that of the sliding ring 631. The locking rod 62 passes through the fixing ring 8 and is slidably connected to the fixing ring 8. The first elastic element 632 is preferably a cylindrical helical compression spring, one end of which abuts against the sliding ring 631, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 9, thereby continuously applying an elastic force to the sliding ring 631 to make it slide towards the lug 61.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 To simplify installation, a locking block 7 is radially slidably connected to the outer circumference of the sliding ring 631. The locking block 7 is correspondingly positioned with the filter plate 32. A second elastic element 71 is provided inside the sliding ring 631 to drive the locking block 7 to slide outward from the sliding ring 631. A through hole 312 is provided on the tube body 31 corresponding to the position of each locking block 7. Two pressing blocks 322 are fixedly provided on the inner side of the filter plate 32 corresponding to the positions of the two through holes 312.

[0051] When the locking block 7 is inserted into the through hole 312 under the action of the second elastic element 71, the sliding ring 631 is locked in the rear position. At this time, the locking rod 62 is in the state of being withdrawn from the lock hole 611. When the filter plate 32 is installed in place, the two pressing blocks 322 are inserted into the corresponding through holes 312 respectively and push the locking block 7 out of the through hole 312. The two sliding rings 631 are ejected forward under the action of their respective first elastic elements 632, which drives the locking rods 62 at both ends to be inserted into the lock holes 611 at both ends at the same time, and automatically completes the locking.

[0052] To facilitate the installation of the locking block 7 and the second elastic element 71, a countersunk hole is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring 631. The countersunk hole is arranged radially along the sliding ring 631. The locking block 7 and the second elastic element 71 are both arranged in the countersunk hole. The second elastic element 71 is also a common compression spring, with one end fixed to the sliding ring 631 and the other end fixed to the bottom of the countersunk hole.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 To facilitate the disassembly of the filter plate 32, an unlocking mechanism is also provided inside the perforated tube 3. The unlocking mechanism is installed inside the perforated tube 3 and can drive the two locking rods 62 at both ends to simultaneously overcome the force of their respective first elastic elements 632 and exit from the locking hole 611. The unlocking mechanism includes an annular sleeve 21, a connecting tube 81, a piston 212, a third elastic element 213, and a trigger element.

[0054] The annular sleeve 21 is a cylindrical structure, fixedly connected and communicating with the outer peripheral wall of the diverter pipe 2, so that the inner cavity of the annular sleeve 21 communicates with the inner cavity of the diverter pipe 2. The inner holes of the fixed ring 8 and the sliding ring 631 located on the diverter pipe 2 side form a sealing sliding fit with the outer wall of the annular sleeve 21. The inner holes of the fixed ring 8 and the sliding ring 631 on the guide pipe 1 side are sealed with the outer wall of the guide pipe 1, so that a closed cavity can also be formed in the annular area between the fixed ring 8 and the sliding ring 631 on the guide pipe 1 side.

[0055] A connecting hole 211 is formed on the wall of the annular sleeve 21 to connect the inner cavity of the annular sleeve 21 with the space between the sliding ring 631 and the fixed ring 8 near the diversion pipe 2. A connecting pipe 81 is set inside the perforated pipe 3. One end of the connecting pipe 81 is connected to the cavity between the sliding ring 631 and the fixed ring 8 near the diversion pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the cavity between the sliding ring 631 and the fixed ring 8 near the guide pipe 1, so as to simultaneously introduce high-pressure mud into the two cavities.

[0056] The piston 212 is installed inside the annular sleeve 21. The piston 212 is annular and is slidably fitted outside the annular sleeve 21. An axially penetrating drainage hole 2121 is provided on the piston 212 to ensure the mud pressure balance on the front and rear sides of the piston 212 and prevent jamming.

[0057] The trigger is used to set the third elastic element 213 inside the annular sleeve 21. The third elastic element 213 is a compression spring, one end of which abuts against the end of the annular sleeve 21, and the other end abuts against the piston 212, for driving the piston 212 to move to the initial position of blocking the connecting hole 211.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 as well as Figure 6 Under the action of external force, the piston 212 is driven to move to open the communication hole 211. The triggering element is a trigger rod 214 fixedly mounted on the piston 212. The trigger rod 214 extends along the axial direction of the diverter pipe 2 to the outside of the annular sleeve 21, and the position of its outer end corresponds to the position of the lug 61 near the diverter pipe 2. When the diverter pipe 2 slides in the direction of the guide pipe 1, the trigger rod 214 can touch the lug 61 and be pressed into the annular sleeve 21, thereby pushing the piston 212 to move backward against the elastic force of the third elastic element 213, opening the communication hole 211.

[0059] The implementation principle of a directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning device for underground water supply pipe laying according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: During construction, the hole cleaner is connected between the reamer and the rear drill pipe. High-pressure mud pumped in by the mud pump flows sequentially through the front drill pipe and the distributor pipe 2. After being accelerated by the nozzle 22, it forms a high-speed jet that is injected into the guide pipe 1. The high-speed jet generates a strong suction negative pressure in the mixing chamber. Under this negative pressure, the mud mixture containing large-diameter drill cuttings in the borehole annulus is actively drawn into the mixing chamber through the filter holes 321 on the filter plate 32. After mixing with the mainstream jet, it enters the inner cavity of the rear drill pipe through the guide pipe 1 and is discharged to the surface.

[0060] When it is necessary to adjust the suction intensity to adapt to different formation conditions, the operator can use a tool to rotate any one of the screws 52. Through the chain drive mechanism, all six screws 52 will rotate synchronously, driving the diverter pipe 2 to move smoothly along the axial direction. This changes the distance between the nozzle 22 and the guide pipe 1, thereby precisely adjusting the suction negative pressure in the mixing chamber. After adjustment, the position can be locked by using the self-locking thread between the screw 52 and the screw hole.

[0061] When the filter hole 321 becomes clogged and the filter plate 32 needs to be disassembled for cleaning or replacement, the operator can first rotate the screw 52 to slide the diverter pipe 2 a certain distance towards the guide pipe 1. During this process, the trigger rod 214 touches the lug 61 near the diverter pipe 2 and is pressed into the annular sleeve 21, pushing the piston 212 to open the connecting hole 211. At this time, the high-pressure mud in the diverter pipe 2 enters the cavity between the sliding ring 631 and the fixed ring 8 near the diverter pipe 2 through the connecting hole 211, and at the same time enters the cavity between the sliding ring 631 and the fixed ring 8 near the guide pipe 1 through the connecting pipe 81. Under the action of the mud pressure, the two sliding rings 631 are pushed to move in opposite directions against the elastic force of their respective first elastic elements 632, driving the locking rods 62 at both ends to be pulled out from the locking hole 611 at the same time, so that the filter plate 32 can be easily removed. After cleaning, simply align the filter plate 32 with the connecting port 311 for installation. Insert the two pressing blocks 322 into the corresponding through holes 312 and push out the locking block 7. The two sliding rings 631 will then reset under the action of their respective first elastic elements 632. The locking rods 62 at both ends will automatically insert into the locking holes 611 at both ends to complete reliable locking.

[0062] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning device for laying underground water supply pipes, comprising a guide pipe (1) for connection to the rear drill pipe and a branch pipe (2) for connection to the front drill pipe, wherein the guide pipe (1) and the branch pipe (2) are coaxially arranged, characterized in that, Also includes: A nozzle (22) is provided at one end of the diversion pipe (2) near the guide pipe (1). The nozzle (22) is positioned with its nozzle opening facing the guide pipe (1) and is used to accelerate the injection of mud in the diversion pipe (2) into the guide pipe (1). A perforated tube (3) is sleeved on the outside of the split tube (2) and the guide tube (1). The two ends of the perforated tube (3) are fixedly connected to the split tube (2) and the guide tube (1) respectively. The inner wall of the perforated tube (3) and the outer wall of the split tube (2) and the guide tube (1) form a mixing chamber. A filter hole (321) is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the perforated tube (3) to allow external drilling mud containing drill cuttings to enter the mixing chamber.

2. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diverter (2) is slidably disposed within the flower tube (3) along the axial direction of the flower tube (3), and the flower tube (3) is provided with a connecting device (5) for driving the diverter (2) to slide and locking the position of the diverter (2).

3. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting device (5) includes: The end plate (51) is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the diversion pipe (2), and the outer edge of the end plate (51) is in contact with the inner wall of the flower pipe (3); At least two screws (52) are arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the diverter (2), each screw (52) is rotatably connected to the end plate (51), and the axis of the screw (52) is parallel to the axis of the flower tube (3); A connecting ring (55) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flower tube (3). The connecting ring (55) has a screw hole that corresponds to the screw (52) and is threadedly engaged.

4. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flower tube (3) includes a tube body (31) and at least one filter plate (32). The filter hole (321) is disposed on the filter plate (32). The tube body (31) is provided with a communication port (311) corresponding to the position of the filter plate (32). The filter plate (32) is used to cover the communication port (311) and is fixedly connected to the tube body (31). The tube body (31) is provided with a fixing device (6) for detachably fixing the filter plate (32) to the tube body (31).

5. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing device (6) includes: Lugs (61) are fixedly disposed at both ends of the filter plate (32), and locking holes (611) are provided on the lugs (61); A locking rod (62) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the flower tube (3) along the axial direction of the flower tube (3), and one end of the locking rod (62) is used to insert into the lock hole (611); A drive mechanism (63) is provided inside the flower tube (3) for driving the locking rod (62) to slide toward the communication port (311) so that the locking rod (62) is held in the lock hole (611).

6. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (63) includes: A sliding ring (631) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the flower tube (3), and the locking rod (62) is fixedly connected to the sliding ring (631); The first elastic element (632) is disposed inside the flower tube (3), with one end abutting against the sliding ring (631) and the other end fixed relative to the flower tube (3), for continuously applying an elastic force to the sliding ring (631) to make it slide toward the lug (61).

7. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 6, characterized in that, A locking block (7) is slidably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the sliding ring (631) along the radial direction of the sliding ring (631). The sliding ring (631) is provided with a second elastic element (71) for driving the locking block (7) to slide towards the outside of the sliding ring (631). The tube body (31) is provided with a through hole (312) for the locking block (7) to be inserted. The filter plate (32) is provided with a pressing block (322) for being inserted into the through hole (312). When the locking block (7) is embedded in the through hole (312), the locking rod (62) is in the state of being withdrawn from the lock hole (611). When the pressing block (322) pushes the locking block (7) out of the through hole (312), the sliding ring (631) drives the locking rod (62) to be inserted into the lock hole (611) under the action of the first elastic element (632).

8. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an unlocking mechanism, which comprises: An annular sleeve (21) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the diversion pipe (2). The inner cavity of the annular sleeve (21) is connected to the inner cavity of the diversion pipe (2). A fixed ring (8) and an mounting ring (9) are provided on both sides of the sliding ring (631) near the diversion pipe (2) and the sliding ring (631) near the guide pipe (1). The inner holes of the fixed ring (8) and the sliding ring (631) near the diversion pipe (2) are sealed and slidingly engaged with the outer wall of the annular sleeve (21). The inner holes of the fixed ring (8) and the mounting ring (9) near the guide pipe (1) are sealed and engaged with the outer wall of the guide pipe (1). A connecting hole (211) is provided on the cylinder wall of the annular sleeve (21) for connecting the inner cavity of the annular sleeve (21) with the cavity between the sliding ring (631) and the fixed ring (8) near the diverter pipe (2); A connecting pipe (81) is disposed inside the flower tube (3). One end of the connecting pipe (81) is connected to the space between the sliding ring (631) and the fixed ring (8) near the diversion pipe (2), and the other end is connected to the space between the sliding ring (631) and the fixed ring (8) near the guide pipe (1). The piston (212) is slidably fitted outside the annular sleeve (21), and an axially penetrating drainage hole (2121) is provided on it; A third elastic element (213) is disposed inside the annular sleeve (21) for driving the piston (212) to move to the initial position of blocking the connecting hole (211); A trigger is used to drive the piston (212) to move under the action of an external force to open the communication hole (211).

9. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for underground water supply pipe laying according to claim 8, characterized in that, The triggering element includes a trigger rod (214) fixedly mounted on the piston (212). The trigger rod (214) extends axially along the diverter (2) to the outside of the annular sleeve (21). The position of the outer end of the trigger rod (214) corresponds to the position of the lug (61). When the diverter (2) slides toward the guide pipe (1), the trigger rod (214) can touch the lug (61) and be pressed into the annular sleeve (21).

10. The directional drilling mud internal and external circulation sediment cleaning tool for laying underground water supply pipes according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Multiple stirring blades (4) are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the flower tube (3).

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