An oil and gas delivery device for oil and gas well operations

Abstract

The application discloses an oil and gas conveying device for oil and gas well operation and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well exploitation. The device comprises a mounting frame, the surface of the mounting frame is provided with a pipe string mechanism, the pipe string mechanism comprises a sleeve shell fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting frame, an oil injection mechanism is arranged in the sleeve shell, the oil injection mechanism comprises an oil pipe fixedly installed in the sleeve shell, one end of the oil pipe is provided with an oil suction valve, and a spiral auger is rotatably installed in the oil pipe. The device is provided with a pressing plate cooperating with a supporting rod damping throttle structure, one-stage hydraulic buffering is realized through water inlet extrusion of a cavity, secondary throttling pressure stabilization is realized by using a throttling damping piece in the supporting rod, air pressure auxiliary force unloading is realized by cooperating with a gas bag, a gas collecting ring collects and buffers exhaust gas, instantaneous water hammer pressure and alternating impact load in the process of crude oil conveying can be greatly absorbed, and the oil pipe and the spiral auger are prevented from being deformed, loosened and leaked due to pressure impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas extraction technology, and in particular to an oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas well production operations, oil and gas delivery systems are core equipment for achieving downhole tubing delivery, stable oil and gas lifting, and adaptive adjustment of downhole operating conditions. They are widely used in oilfield drilling, production, and workover operations. Existing oil and gas well tubing delivery systems mainly rely on tubing and simple delivery structures to transport crude oil. However, traditional tubing delivery structures lack effective pressure buffering structures, making them prone to water hammer and instantaneous pressure fluctuations during downhole oil and gas medium transportation. Alternating pressure shocks inside the tubing can easily cause localized stress concentrations, leading to tubing deformation and interface leakage over long-term operation. Furthermore, pressure shocks can cause loosening and damage to the internal delivery structure. The equipment has poor pressure resistance and buffering performance, making it unsuitable for the complex operating conditions of deep wells and high-pressure oil and gas wells, significantly reducing the safety and stability of tubing delivery operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as water hammer and instantaneous pressure fluctuations during downhole oil and gas medium transportation, the alternating pressure impact inside the tubing easily causing local stress concentration in the tubing string, and the long-term operation easily leading to tubing deformation and interface leakage.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations, comprising a mounting frame, a tubing string mechanism disposed on the surface of the mounting frame, the tubing string mechanism comprising a casing shell fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting frame, and a tubing string cone at one end of the casing shell, an oil injection mechanism disposed inside the casing shell, the oil injection mechanism comprising an oil pipe fixedly mounted inside the casing shell, and an oil suction valve at one end of the oil pipe, a spiral auger rotatably mounted inside the oil pipe, a drive motor fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting frame, the output shaft of the drive motor being fixedly connected to the spiral auger, a pressure-reducing component disposed on the outer surface of the oil pipe, the pressure-reducing component comprising a friction-reducing shell connected to and mounted on the outer surface of the oil pipe, a straightening component disposed between one end of the friction-reducing shell and the mounting frame, a plurality of pressure plates disposed inside the friction-reducing shell, a plurality of springs fixedly mounted between the plurality of pressure plates, and a water inlet pipe connected to and mounted on the surface of the pressure plates.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support rod for supporting the pressure plates is fixedly installed between the multiple pressure plates. The support rod has radially opened diversion holes that connect to the cavity of each pressure plate. The support rod is provided with a small throttling damping element inside, which is used to achieve secondary hydraulic buffering by throttling the medium entering the cavity.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water pressure component is provided on the outer side of the friction-reducing housing. The water pressure component includes a cooling water ring fixedly installed on the outer surface of the friction-reducing housing, and the pressure plate communicates with the interior of the cooling water ring through a water outlet hole.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the friction-reducing shell is provided with a water collection cavity, and the interior of the water collection cavity is filled with a carbon plate for filtering water source, and the surface of the carbon plate is provided with multiple through holes. A drain pipe is installed between the water collection cavity and the cooling water ring, and a flow valve is provided on the surface of the drain pipe. A sealing plate is fixedly installed at the water outlet end of the pressure plate, and the sealing plate slides on the inner wall of the water collection cavity.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air bladder is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the friction-reducing shell, an air collecting ring is installed inside the air bladder, a plurality of exhaust pipes are installed on the surface of the air collecting ring, a cylinder is installed at the free end of the exhaust pipe, and the free end of the cylinder is disposed between a plurality of pressure plates for buffering the air discharged by the movement of the pressure plates.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing assembly is provided on the surface of the oil pipe near the anti-friction shell. The sealing assembly includes a packer shell fixedly installed on the outer surface of the oil pipe. A plurality of top plates are provided on the outer surface of the packer shell. A rubber ring for sealing the oil pipe is provided on the top plate near the outer surface of the casing shell. A connecting pipe is installed on the surface of the air bladder, and the free end of the connecting pipe is connected to the rubber ring through the top plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the rubber ring is provided with a friction-resistant epoxy ceramic wear-resistant coating to reduce the frictional resistance of crude oil and reduce the adhesion of wax and impurities. The interior of the rubber ring is provided with a honeycomb support frame to provide stable support for the rubber ring.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the oil pipe is provided with a cleaning component, the cleaning component including plugs disposed at both ends of the pressure relief component; the plugs are mechanically connected to the axially reciprocating moving end of the pressure plate via a linkage rod, and when the pressure plate is axially displaced, the wax scraping blade on the surface of the plugs is driven by the linkage rod to perform axial reciprocating scraping along the outer wall of the oil pipe to prevent dirt from adhering to the outer wall of the oil pipe and the inlet.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer surfaces of the two plugs are respectively connected and installed with a first air jet ring and a second air jet ring, and the inner walls of the plugs near the first air jet ring and the second air jet ring are provided with multi-layer composite filters for intercepting coarse sand and colloidal clumps in the formation. An annular pipe is provided on the outer side of the casing shell, and the annular pipe is connected through the input end of the external pump body. A first branch pipe is connected between the annular pipe and the first air jet ring, and a second branch pipe is connected between the first air jet ring and the second air jet ring.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a downhole safety valve is provided on the surface of the tubing, and a ball seat is provided at the free end of the tubing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes a pressure plate and a support rod damping throttling structure to achieve primary hydraulic buffering through water inlet compression of the cavity. Secondary throttling and pressure stabilization are then achieved using internal throttling damping components within the support rod. Simultaneously, an air bladder and air collection ring collect and buffer exhaust gas to achieve pneumatic pressure-assisted stress relief. This significantly absorbs instantaneous water hammer pressure and alternating impact loads during crude oil transportation, preventing deformation, loosening, and leakage of oil pipes and augers due to pressure impacts. It significantly improves the stability and structural fatigue resistance of the tubing under high-pressure conditions.

[0015] This invention, by setting up a water collection chamber and a carbon plate, with multiple through-hole filter structures, flow valves and cooling water rings on the surface of the carbon plate, can filter, control the flow and circulate heat for the buffer water, and continuously cool and dissipate heat for the internal structure of the oil pipe and the anti-friction shell, effectively improving the problems of component thermal aging and increased friction caused by high-temperature working conditions downhole; combined with the low friction characteristics of the epoxy ceramic wear-resistant coating, it significantly reduces media erosion and impurity wear.

[0016] This invention collects the compressed air generated during the pressure plate buffering process into an air bladder for storage. On one hand, it introduces the compressed air into the rubber ring through a connecting pipe, and uses an air pressure adaptive top support sealing structure in conjunction with a honeycomb support frame to improve the uniformity and stability of the seal, effectively preventing high-pressure well fluid leakage. On the other hand, it uses compressed air to drive the pneumatic impeller inside the plugger to rotate, actively breaking up wax, colloids, and sand particles, preventing blockage of the tubing outer wall and fluid inlet from the source.

[0017] This invention, by setting blockers at both ends of the pressure-reducing component, combined with a multi-layer composite filter, a first jet ring, and a second jet ring structure, can grade and intercept formation coarse sand and colloidal clumps. At the same time, by supplying air through an annular pipe and coordinating airflow jet disturbance, it avoids the accumulation, bridging, and adhesion of impurities to the pipe wall, thus solving the defects of traditional oil pipes that are prone to waxing, sand accumulation, and pipe blockage, and effectively improving the throughput and continuity of oil and gas transportation.

[0018] This invention integrates a spiral auger for forced feeding, straightening and positioning, multi-stage pressure relief, and pneumatic impurity removal structures, resulting in a compact overall layout and comprehensive functions. The straightening component ensures the coaxiality of the tubing string, and the downhole safety valve and ball seat enable emergency flow control and precise positioning. It can effectively cope with complex oil and gas well conditions such as high pressure, sand content, and high temperature, and significantly reduce the probability of tubing string failure and downhole operation risks. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve shell structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral auger structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tubular column mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impurity removal component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water ring structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the friction-reducing housing of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the packer housing structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Oil injection mechanism; 21. Drive motor; 22. Suction valve; 23. Oil tubing; 24. Spiral auger; 25. Downhole safety valve; 3. Centralizing component; 4. Tubing string mechanism; 41. Impurity removal component; 411. Annular tube; 412. First air branch; 413. Plugging device; 414. First air release ring; 415. Second air branch; 416. Second air release ring; 42. Casing shell; 43. Pressure relief component; 431. Support rod; 432. Reducer 433. Grinding shell; 434. Pressure plate; 435. Spring; 435. Hydraulic components; 4351. Air bladder; 4352. Air collecting ring; 4353. Cylinder; 4354. Exhaust pipe; 4355. Sealing plate; 4356. Water collecting chamber; 4357. Cooling water ring; 4358. Drain pipe; 4359. Connecting pipe; 436. Water inlet pipe; 44. Sealing assembly; 441. Packer shell; 442. Top plate; 443. Rubber ring; 45. Ball seat; 5. Pipe column cone. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-9 This invention provides an oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations, including a mounting frame 1. A tubing string mechanism 4 is disposed on the surface of the mounting frame 1. The tubing string mechanism 4 includes a casing shell 42 fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting frame 1, and a tubing string cone 5 is disposed at one end of the casing shell 42. An oil injection mechanism 2 is disposed inside the casing shell 42, and the oil injection mechanism 2 includes an oil pipe 23 fixedly mounted inside the casing shell 42. An oil suction valve 22 is disposed at one end of the oil pipe 23, and a spiral auger 24 is rotatably mounted inside the oil pipe 23. The mounting frame 1... A drive motor 21 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the oil pipe 23. The output shaft of the drive motor 21 is fixedly connected to the spiral auger 24. A pressure-reducing component 43 is provided on the outer surface of the oil pipe 23. The pressure-reducing component 43 includes a friction-reducing housing 432 that is connected to and installed on the outer surface of the oil pipe 23. A straightening component 3 is provided between one end of the friction-reducing housing 432 and the mounting bracket 1. Multiple pressure plates 433 are provided inside the friction-reducing housing 432. Multiple springs 434 are fixedly installed between the multiple pressure plates 433. A water inlet pipe 436 is connected to and installed on the surface of the pressure plate 433.

[0023] When the drive motor 21 is started, the output torque of the drive motor 21 continuously drives the spiral auger 24 inside the oil pipe 23 to rotate. Under the spiral pushing action of the spiral blades, the oil suction valve 22 at the lower end of the oil pipe 23 is automatically opened under the action of negative pressure. The formation crude oil is sucked into the inner cavity of the oil pipe 23 through the oil suction valve 22 and continuously transported upward along the oil pipe 23 by the spiral thrust of the auger. During the crude oil transport process in the oil pipe 23, the alternating impact of the medium and the water hammer load continuously act on the outer wall of the oil pipe 23. At this time, the vibration of the oil pipe itself causes the pressure plate and spring to do work in the closed-loop hydraulic oil chamber. The pressure plate 433 compresses the multiple sets of springs 434 arranged in the middle. Relying on the vibration compressible water buffer and the elastic deformation of the springs 434 to absorb energy, the instantaneous impact pressure transmitted from the oil pipe 23 is absorbed in real time to achieve hydraulic buffering damping. One end of the friction-reducing shell 432 is fixed to the mounting bracket 1 by means of the straightening component 3 to prevent the shell from tilting and shaking during the buffering operation. The elastic deformation of the springs 434 and the throttling damping of the hydraulic oil absorb the alternating axial stress generated by the oil pipe 23.

[0024] In some embodiments, a support rod 431 for supporting the pressure plate 433 is fixedly installed between multiple pressure plates 433. The support rod 431 has radially opened diversion holes that connect to the cavity of each layer of pressure plate 433. The support rod 431 is provided with a small throttling damping element inside, which is used to achieve secondary hydraulic buffering by throttling the medium entering the cavity.

[0025] During the assembly of multiple pressure plates 433, the support rod 431 passes through the center of all pressure plates 433 to achieve coaxial assembly. The support rod 431 has multiple diversion holes radially opened, and each group of pressure plates 433 is separated to form an independent sealed cavity. After the buffer water is injected into each cavity from the inlet pipe 436, some of the medium flows into the internal channel of the support rod 431 through the radial diversion holes under the action of pressure difference. The collected water continues to flow through the small throttling damping component built into the support rod 431. The damping component uses the narrow flow cross section to generate friction resistance, throttling and limiting the flow of the collected fluid and consuming the fluid kinetic energy. On the basis of the original cavity water pressure squeezing spring 434 as the first-level buffer, the medium flowing into the support rod 431 completes the secondary hydraulic damping and pressure stabilization. When the pressure plate 433 tends to deviate due to water pressure, the support rod 431 relies on the rigid rod body to limit the radial deviation of the pressure plate 433, avoiding the spring 434 from twisting and jamming due to unilateral squeezing of the spring 434.

[0026] In some embodiments, a water pressure component 435 is provided on the outer side of the friction-reducing housing 432. The water pressure component 435 includes a cooling water ring 4357 fixedly installed on the outer surface of the friction-reducing housing 432, and the pressure plate 433 communicates with the interior of the cooling water ring 4357 through a water outlet hole.

[0027] The water that has completed the buffering work inside the cavity of the pressure plate 433 is discharged outward through the water outlet hole reserved in the pressure plate 433. All the water is introduced into the cavity of the cooling water ring 4357 fixed on the outer wall of the friction-reducing shell 432. The annular cavity of the cooling water ring 4357 wraps around the outer circumference of the oil pipe 23. The continuous circulating cooling water flows around the outer wall of the oil pipe 23 inside the cooling water ring 4357 for continuous heat exchange. The heat generated by the pipe wall of the oil pipe 23 transporting high-temperature crude oil and the frictional heat of the equipment operation are continuously absorbed and carried away by the circulating water. The continuous circulation of water achieves uninterrupted water cooling and cooling, and continuously controls the temperature and dissipates heat from the oil pipe 23 and the internal cavity of the casing shell 42.

[0028] In some embodiments, the interior of the friction-reducing housing 432 is provided with a water collection cavity 4356, and the interior of the water collection cavity 4356 is filled with a carbon plate for filtering water. The surface of the carbon plate is provided with multiple through holes. A drain pipe 4358 is installed between the water collection cavity 4356 and the cooling water ring 4357. A flow valve is provided on the surface of the drain pipe 4358. A sealing plate 4355 is fixedly installed at the water outlet end of the pressure plate 433, and the sealing plate 4355 slides on the inner wall of the water collection cavity 4356.

[0029] The wear-reducing outer shell 432 has a pre-reserved sealed water collection cavity 4356 inside, which is filled with carbon plates. The surface of the carbon plates has multiple through-hole filter media. The outlet end of the pressure plate 433 is fixed with a sealing plate 4355. The outer edge of the sealing plate 4355 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the water collection cavity 4356 to form a sliding sealing structure. When the pressure plate 433 moves up and down reciprocally driven by water pressure, the sealing plate 4355 slides synchronously with the pressure plate 433 on the inner wall of the water collection cavity 4356, changing the effective volume of the water collection cavity 4356 in real time. The system, in conjunction with the flow valve, regulates the water pressure within the chamber to achieve filtration, pressure regulation, and recycling of the buffer water. Cooling wastewater within the cooling water ring 4357 flows through the drain pipe 4358 by pressure difference. The flow valve on the drain pipe 4358 allows manual adjustment of the pipe's cross-sectional area to precisely control the drainage flow rate and chamber pressure. After the wastewater enters the collection chamber 4356, it passes through the carbon plate, which has multiple perforated layers on its surface. Activated carbon adsorbs and traps sediment and fine impurities in the water, thus purifying the water.

[0030] In some embodiments, an air bladder 4351 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the friction-reducing housing 432, an air collecting ring 4352 is installed inside the air bladder 4351, a plurality of exhaust pipes 4354 are installed on the surface of the air collecting ring 4352, a cylinder 4353 is installed at the free end of the exhaust pipe 4354, and the free end of the cylinder 4353 is disposed between a plurality of pressure plates 433 for buffering the air discharged by the movement of the pressure plates 433.

[0031] Under the pressure of the incoming water, the pressure plates 433 approach each other to compress the spring 434, and the sealed space between the layers is continuously compressed, and the air trapped inside the cavity is squeezed out. The squeezed-out air is collected through the cylinder 4353 and enters multiple exhaust pipes 4354. The gas is collected along the exhaust pipes 4354 and then collected into the cavity of the air collecting ring 4352. Finally, it is all collected and sealed inside the air bladder 4351, eliminating the buffer failure problem caused by air blockage. When the pressure plate 433 is depressurized and rebounds, and the cavity volume increases again, the high-pressure gas stored inside the air bladder 4351 can be slightly reversed to replenish the cavity, avoiding excessive negative pressure in the cavity that causes the pressure plate 433 to rebound and get stuck.

[0032] In some embodiments, a sealing assembly 44 is provided on the surface of the oil pipe 23 near the anti-friction housing 432. The sealing assembly 44 includes a packer housing 441 fixedly installed on the outer surface of the oil pipe 23. A plurality of top plates 442 are provided on the outer surface of the packer housing 441. A rubber ring 443 for sealing the oil pipe 23 is provided on the side of the top plate 442 near the casing housing 42. A connecting pipe 4359 is installed on the surface of the air bladder 4351, and the free end of the connecting pipe 4359 is connected to the rubber ring 443 through the top plate 442.

[0033] The compressed air stored inside the air bladder 4351 is connected to the internal cavity of the rubber ring 443 via the connecting pipe 4359. After the high-pressure gas enters the rubber ring 443, it generates an expansion thrust inside. The thrust is limited and guided by the top plate 442, so that the outer ring of the rubber ring 443 tightly presses against the inner wall of the casing shell 42 and the inner ring fits against the outer wall of the packer shell 441. The annulus is sealed by the air pressure. When the downhole pressure fluctuates, the air stored in the air bladder 4351 is replenished adaptively with the pressure, dynamically maintaining the tight sealing state of the rubber ring 443, preventing high-pressure medium from leaking from the annulus and improving the overall sealing performance of the tubing 23.

[0034] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the rubber ring 443 is provided with a friction-resistant epoxy ceramic wear-resistant coating to reduce the frictional resistance of crude oil and reduce the adhesion of wax and impurities. The interior of the rubber ring 443 is provided with a honeycomb support frame to provide stable support for the rubber ring 443.

[0035] Among them, the outer surface of the rubber ring 443 is coated with an epoxy ceramic wear-resistant coating. When crude oil and sand-containing media flow through the annulus and pass through the outer wall of the rubber ring 443, the wear-resistant coating isolates the media from directly eroding the rubber substrate, reduces the friction adhesion coefficient, and reduces the accumulation of wax and gum. The inner cavity of the rubber ring 443 is equipped with a honeycomb support frame. When the rubber ring 443 is subjected to internal gas pressure expansion and external well fluid compression, the honeycomb skeleton provides multi-point uniform support to the inner wall of the rubber ring 443, disperses local extrusion pressure, and prevents the rubber ring 443 from collapsing, wrinkling, or deforming locally.

[0036] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the oil pipe 23 is provided with a dirt removal component 41, which includes a plug 413 disposed at both ends of the pressure relief component 43. The plug 413 is mechanically connected to the axial reciprocating moving end of the pressure plate 433 via a linkage rod. When the pressure plate 433 is axially displaced, the wax scraping blade on the surface of the plug 413 is driven by the linkage rod to perform axial reciprocating scraping along the outer wall of the oil pipe 23 to prevent dirt from adhering to the outer wall of the oil pipe 23 and the inlet.

[0037] The impurity removal assembly 41 consists of a blocker 413 installed at both ends of the pressure relief assembly 43. The buffer high-pressure gas stored in the air bladder 4351 is introduced into the cavity of the blocker 413. The high-pressure airflow impacts the blades of the miniature pneumatic impeller inside the cavity, driving the impeller to rotate continuously and agitate the annular medium around the blocker 413. During the rotation of the impeller, wax crystals and colloidal particles in the crude oil are broken up, and the conditions for impurities to clump together and bridge are destroyed, preventing dirt from accumulating and adhering to the outer wall of the oil pipe 23 and the oil inlet. The initial thickness of the wax layer on the pipe wall is limited by periodic scraping.

[0038] In some embodiments, the outer surfaces of the two plugs 413 are respectively connected and installed with a first jet ring 414 and a second jet ring 416, and the inner walls of the plugs 413 near the first jet ring 414 and the second jet ring 416 are provided with multi-layer composite filters for intercepting coarse sand and colloidal lumps in the formation. An annular pipe 411 is provided on the outer side of the casing 42. The annular pipe 411 is connected through the input end of the external pump body. A first branch pipe 412 is connected between the annular pipe 411 and the first jet ring 414, and a second branch pipe 415 is connected between the first jet ring 414 and the second jet ring 416.

[0039] The external pump body introduces a purging gas source into the annular pipe 411 outside the casing 42. The gas is sent to the first jet ring 414 through the first branch pipe 412, and then guided to the second jet ring 416 through the second branch pipe 415. The two jet rings spray airflow in a directional manner toward the multi-layer composite filter screen inside the blocker 413. When crude oil carrying coarse sand and colloids arrives at the blocker 413, large particles of impurities are intercepted and retained on the surface of the filter screen by the multi-layer composite filter screen. The jet rings continuously spray airflow in the opposite direction to flush the filter screen surface, blowing off the deposits attached to the filter screen, avoiding mesh blockage, and ensuring long-term effective filtration of the filter screen.

[0040] In some embodiments, a downhole safety valve 25 is provided on the surface of the tubing 23, and a ball seat 45 is provided at the free end of the tubing 23.

[0041] During the upward transport of crude oil along the tubing 23, it passes through the downhole safety valve 25. Under normal transport conditions, the safety valve remains open. When sudden abnormal conditions such as pipeline overpressure or leakage occur, the downhole safety valve 25 receives a pressure signal and closes quickly, cutting off the oil passage inside the tubing 23 and preventing the crude oil from continuing to flow upward and leak out. The bottom of the tubing 23 is equipped with a ball seat 45. When the entire tubing string is lowered into the wellbore, the ball seat 45 is precisely positioned on the corresponding base in the well using its spherical structure. The spherical limiter enables the bottom of the tubing string to be centered and restricts the radial sway and displacement of the tubing string.

[0042] Working principle: When the tubing string is lowered into the wellbore, the ball seat 45 is precisely positioned on the corresponding base in the well thanks to its spherical structure. At this time, the drive motor 21 is activated, and its output torque continuously drives the auger 24 inside the tubing 23 to rotate. Under the spiral pushing action of the auger blades, the suction valve 22 at the lower end of the tubing 23 automatically opens under negative pressure. Formation crude oil is drawn into the tubing 23 through the suction valve 22 and continuously transported upwards along the tubing 23 by the auger's spiral thrust. Due to the alternating fluctuations in crude oil flow rate and pressure, the tubing 23 generates an axial pulsating impact load, which is transmitted to the pressure plate 433 inside the friction-reducing housing 432. Under axial pressure, the pressure plate 433 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 434 and generates a slight displacement. Since the friction-reducing housing 432 is filled with high-viscosity hydraulic oil, when the pressure plate 433 displaces, it squeezes the hydraulic oil through the damping hole in the support rod 431, converting the instantaneous mechanical impact energy into hydraulic energy and dissipating it, thereby achieving shock absorption and pressure relief protection for the tubing 23. At the same time, the slight axial displacement of the pressure plate 433 is directly converted into the reciprocating motion of the dewaxing tool through the linkage mechanism, which mechanically cleans the impurities attached to the outer wall of the oil pipe.

[0043] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil and gas transport device for oil and gas well operations, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: The mounting bracket (1) is provided with a tubing mechanism (4) on its surface. The tubing mechanism (4) includes a sleeve shell (42) fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting bracket (1), and a tubing cone (5) is provided at one end of the sleeve shell (42). An oil injection mechanism (2) is provided inside the sleeve shell (42). The oil injection mechanism (2) includes an oil pipe (23) fixedly installed inside the sleeve shell (42), and an oil suction valve (22) is provided at one end of the oil pipe (23). A spiral auger (24) is rotatably installed inside the oil pipe (23). A drive motor (21) is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting bracket (1). The output shaft of the drive motor (21) is fixedly connected to the spiral auger (24). The outer surface of the oil pipe (23) is provided with a pressure-relieving component (43). The pressure-relieving component (43) includes a friction-reducing shell (432) connected to the outer surface of the oil pipe (23). A straightening component (3) is provided between one end of the friction-reducing shell (432) and the mounting bracket (1). Multiple pressure plates (433) are provided inside the friction-reducing shell (432). Multiple springs (434) are fixedly installed between the multiple pressure plates (433). A water inlet pipe (436) is connected to the surface of the pressure plate (433).

2. The oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support rod (431) for supporting the pressure plate (433) is fixedly installed between multiple pressure plates (433). The support rod (431) has radially opened diversion holes that connect to the cavity of each pressure plate (433). The support rod (431) is provided with a small throttling damping component to achieve secondary hydraulic buffering of the medium entering the cavity through throttling.

3. The oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water pressure component (435) is provided on the outside of the friction-reducing housing (432). The water pressure component (435) includes a cooling water ring (4357) fixedly installed on the outer surface of the friction-reducing housing (432), and the pressure plate (433) communicates with the interior of the cooling water ring (4357) through the water outlet hole.

4. The oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction-reducing outer shell (432) has a water collection cavity (4356) inside, and the water collection cavity (4356) is filled with a carbon plate for filtering water. The surface of the carbon plate has multiple through holes. A drain pipe (4358) is installed between the water collection cavity (4356) and the cooling water ring (4357). A flow valve is provided on the surface of the drain pipe (4358). A sealing plate (4355) is fixedly installed at the water outlet end of the pressure plate (433), and the sealing plate (4355) slides on the inner wall of the water collection cavity (4356).

5. The oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air bladder (4351) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the friction-reducing housing (432). An air collecting ring (4352) is connected to the inside of the air bladder (4351). Multiple exhaust pipes (4354) are connected to the surface of the air collecting ring (4352). A cylinder (4353) is connected to the free end of the exhaust pipe (4354). The free end of the cylinder (4353) is connected between multiple pressure plates (433) to buffer the air discharged by the movement of the pressure plates (433).

6. The oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing assembly (44) is provided on the surface of the oil pipe (23) near the anti-friction housing (432). The sealing assembly (44) includes a packer housing (441) fixedly installed on the outer surface of the oil pipe (23). A plurality of top plates (442) are provided on the outer surface of the packer housing (441). A rubber ring (443) for sealing the oil pipe (23) is provided on the outer surface of the top plate (442) near the outer surface of the casing housing (42). A connecting pipe (4359) is connected to the surface of the air bladder (4351), and the free end of the connecting pipe (4359) is connected to the rubber ring (443) through the top plate (442).

7. An oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the rubber ring (443) is provided with a friction-resistant epoxy ceramic wear-resistant coating to reduce the friction resistance of crude oil and reduce the adhesion of wax and impurities. The interior of the rubber ring (443) is provided with a honeycomb support frame to provide stable support for the rubber ring (443).

8. The oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the oil pipe (23) is provided with a cleaning component (41), which includes a plug (413) at both ends of the pressure relief component (43). The plug (413) is mechanically connected to the axial reciprocating end of the pressure plate (433) through a linkage rod. When the pressure plate (433) moves axially, the scraping blade on the surface of the plug (413) is driven to scrape the outer wall of the oil pipe (23) axially through the linkage rod to prevent dirt from adhering to the outer wall of the oil pipe (23) and the inlet.

9. An oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the two plugs (413) are respectively connected to the first jet ring (414) and the second jet ring (416), and the inner walls of the plugs (413) near the first jet ring (414) and the second jet ring (416) are provided with multi-layer composite filters for intercepting coarse sand and colloidal clumps in the formation. The outer side of the casing (42) is provided with an annular pipe (411), which is connected through the input end of the external pump body. A first branch pipe (412) is connected between the annular pipe (411) and the first jet ring (414), and a second branch pipe (415) is connected between the first jet ring (414) and the second jet ring (416).

10. An oil and gas transportation device for oil and gas well operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the tubing (23) is provided with a downhole safety valve (25), and the free end of the tubing (23) is provided with a ball seat (45).

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