Ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to an ultrasonic detection device for cylindrical parts, which comprises a supporting assembly, a cylindrical part is arranged in the supporting assembly, a driving assembly is arranged at one end of the supporting assembly, the driving assembly is in meshing transmission with a dividing disc assembly, the dividing disc assembly is rotationally connected with the supporting assembly, an annular scale line is arranged on the dividing disc assembly, a receiving assembly is fixed to the side surface of the dividing disc assembly, a transmitting assembly is fixed to the other end of the supporting assembly, the receiving assembly and the transmitting assembly are coupled with the outer surface of the cylindrical part, the annular scale line on the dividing disc assembly is matched with a pointer, gear meshing transmission is combined, the circumferential position of a receiving probe can be accurately displayed and recorded, the problems of angle positioning ambiguity and difficult defect position tracing in the prior art are solved, and the detection precision is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultrasonic testing technology, and more specifically, to an ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, quality inspection of cylindrical parts (such as shafts and tubes) is crucial in fields such as machinery manufacturing, aerospace, and petrochemicals. Ultrasonic testing technology is widely used due to its strong penetration and high detection sensitivity. Existing ultrasonic testing equipment for cylindrical parts typically includes a support for clamping the workpiece, an ultrasonic transmitting probe, and an ultrasonic receiving probe. During testing, the workpiece is fixed, and the receiving probe moves around the circumference of the workpiece to scan different angular areas.

[0003] However, existing inspection devices have several shortcomings in practical use: First, their angular positioning accuracy is low, lacking a precise angle indicating mechanism, making it impossible to accurately locate the circumferential coordinates of defects after they are detected, hindering traceability; second, their adjustment modes are limited, either supporting only manual adjustment (which is inefficient) or only electric adjustment (which lacks flexibility) and cannot meet diverse inspection scenarios; third, some devices use belt or friction drives, which are prone to slippage and loosening after prolonged use, affecting inspection repeatability; finally, the coupling pressure between the probe and the workpiece surface is difficult to maintain consistently, and poor coupling can lead to signal energy loss, reduced detection sensitivity, and even missed detections. Therefore, developing an ultrasonic inspection device for cylindrical parts with high-precision angular positioning, support for both manual and automatic dual-mode adjustment, stable transmission, and good coupling effect has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0005] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts, including a support assembly, a cylindrical part installed inside the support assembly, a drive assembly installed at one end of the support assembly, the drive assembly engaging with an indexing plate assembly for transmission, the indexing plate assembly being rotatably connected to the support assembly, the indexing plate assembly having annular graduation lines, a receiving assembly fixed to the side of the indexing plate assembly, and a transmitting assembly fixed to the other end of the support assembly, both the receiving assembly and the transmitting assembly being coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part.

[0006] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a boss, with a left support and a right support fixed at both ends of the boss, a drive assembly mounted on the upper end of the left support, an indexing plate assembly rotatably connected to the left support, a launching assembly fixed on the upper end of the right support, and a cylindrical part installed in the left and right supports by a centering clamping assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a stepper motor, which is mounted on the upper end of the left support. One end of the stepper motor's output shaft is connected to a knob, and the other end of the stepper motor's output shaft is connected to a drive gear via a connecting rod. The connecting rod is rotatably connected to a fixed frame fixed inside the left support, and the drive gear meshes with the indexing plate assembly for transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, the indexing plate assembly includes a driven gear, a driving gear meshing with the driven gear for transmission, a driven gear rotatably connected to a fixed frame, a driven gear fixedly connected to the indexing plate, a indexing plate fixedly connected to a receiving assembly, a left support fixedly connected to one end of an extension rod, and a pointer provided at the other end of the extension rod, with the front end of the pointer pointing to the annular scale line set on the indexing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving component includes a support plate, which is fixedly connected to the indexing plate. The support plate is connected to the transmission block via an elastic clamping component. The transmission block is coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part. The ultrasonic receiving probe is locked onto the transmission block via the clamping plate. The ultrasonic receiving probe is acoustically coupled to the transmission block. The ultrasonic receiving probe is connected to the ultrasonic receiver via a transmission line.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmitting assembly includes a second support plate, one end of which is fixed to the upper end of the right support, and the other end of which is connected to a second transmission block via an elastic clamping assembly. The second transmission block is coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part. The ultrasonic transmitting probe is locked onto the second transmission block via the second clamping plate. The ultrasonic transmitting probe is acoustically coupled to the second transmission block. The ultrasonic transmitting probe is connected to the ultrasonic transmitter via a transmission line.

[0011] Furthermore, the centering clamping assembly includes a cylinder, which is fixed to the side of the boss. The cylinder output end is connected to rack one, rack one is slidably connected to a limiting block, the limiting block is fixed to the lower end of the boss, rack one has two ends respectively meshing with two gears for transmission, the gears rotate between the boss and the gear bracket, the gear bracket is fixed to the lower end of the boss, the gears have two sides respectively meshing with two rack two, and the two rack two are respectively fixedly connected to two clamping units.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping unit includes a movable plate, both of which are slidably connected to the left support. A clamp is slidably connected inside the movable plate, and the two clamps clamp the two sides of the cylindrical part. Rubber pads are provided on the contact surfaces of the cylindrical part of the two clamps.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic clamping assembly includes a support column, which is fixed to the upper end of the first transmission block. The support column is slidably connected to the first support plate, and a spring is provided between the first support plate and the first transmission block.

[0014] Furthermore, the support column is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring, the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the tail end of the slide rod, the slide rod is slidably connected to the support column, the front end of the slide rod is provided with an inclined surface, an outer frame and an inner column are fixed on the support plate, a lower locking block is fixed between the outer frame and the inner column, an upper locking block slides between the outer frame and the inner column, a third spring is provided between the lower locking block and the upper locking block, the front end of the lower locking block is provided with an inclined surface, and the front end of the upper locking block is provided with an inclined surface.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. High-precision angle positioning and traceability: Through the cooperation of the circular scale line on the indexing plate assembly and the pointer, combined with gear meshing transmission, the circumferential position of the receiving probe can be accurately displayed and recorded, which solves the problems of ambiguous angle positioning and difficulty in tracing the defect position in the existing technology, and significantly improves the detection accuracy.

[0016] 2. Flexible dual-mode adjustment: The drive component integrates both a stepper motor and a manual knob, enabling automated batch testing as well as manual operation in power outage or fine-tuning scenarios, thus solving the problems of single adjustment mode and poor adaptability of existing devices.

[0017] 3. Stable transmission and coupling performance: The gear meshing transmission avoids the slippage phenomenon of belt transmission and ensures the consistency of probe position; the elastic clamping component uses the spring force to keep the transmission block in close contact with the part surface, effectively solving the signal attenuation problem caused by unstable coupling and improving detection sensitivity and reliability.

[0018] 4. Highly efficient automatic centering and clamping: The centering and clamping assembly uses a single cylinder to drive a multi-stage gear and rack transmission, which realizes automatic centering and clamping of the parts. This not only improves clamping efficiency but also ensures the coaxiality of the parts and the detection probe, further enhancing the accuracy of the detection results.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 6 The physical structure of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 7 The physical structure of the present invention Figure 2 ; Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Boss; 2. Left support; 3. Right support; 4. Cylindrical part; 5. Stepper motor; 6. Knob; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Driving gear; 9. Fixture; 10. Driven gear; 11. Indexing plate; 12. Support plate one; 13. Conducting block one; 14. Pressing plate one; 15. Ultrasonic receiving probe; 16. Support plate two; 17. Conducting block two; 18. Pressing plate two; 19. Ultrasonic transmitting probe; 20. Cylinder; 21. Rack one; 22. Gear; 23. Gear bracket; 24. Rack two; 25. Moving plate; 26. Clamp; 27. Rubber pad; 28. Support column; 29. ​​Spring one; 30. Spring two; 31. Slide rod; 32. Outer frame; 33. Inner column; 34. Lower locking block; 35. Upper locking block; 36. Spring three; 37. Limiting block; 38. Extension rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Example 1: As Figures 1-7As shown, the ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts includes a support assembly. The cylindrical part 4 is installed inside the support assembly. A drive assembly is installed at one end of the support assembly. The drive assembly meshes with the indexing plate assembly for transmission. The indexing plate assembly is rotatably connected to the support assembly. The indexing plate assembly is provided with annular scale lines. A receiving assembly is fixed to the side of the indexing plate assembly. A transmitting assembly is fixed to the other end of the support assembly. Both the receiving assembly and the transmitting assembly are coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The support component serves as the installation foundation of the entire detection device. Its function is to support the cylindrical part 4 and various functional components, ensuring the stability of the relative positions of each component during the detection process. The drive component serves as the power source, and its output end is connected to the indexing plate component through transmission components such as gears. In this embodiment, the drive component and the indexing plate component adopt meshing transmission, such as gear meshing. Compared with the belt drive or friction drive commonly used in the prior art, meshing transmission has a precise transmission ratio and can avoid slippage caused by belt slack or changes in the coefficient of friction, thereby ensuring that the rotation angle of the drive component can be accurately transmitted to the indexing plate component, improving the repeatability accuracy of angle adjustment. The indexing plate assembly rotates around the axis under the drive of the drive assembly, which in turn drives the receiving assembly fixed on its side to rotate synchronously. The annular scale line set on the indexing plate assembly, together with the fixed pointer (not shown in the figure, but can be referred to in the following embodiments), constitutes a high-precision angle indication mechanism. When the receiving assembly rotates to a certain position, the operator can directly read the current angle position through the scale value pointed to by the pointer. This design solves the problems of ambiguous angle positioning and difficulty in tracing the position of defects in the prior art. The transmitting component is fixed at the other end of the supporting component and is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the cylindrical part 4. The receiving component rotates with the indexing plate component and is used to receive ultrasonic signals that are transmitted or reflected back at different angles. Both the receiving component and the transmitting component are coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4. Here, "coupling" means that the ultrasonic waves can be effectively transmitted into and out of the part through a coupling agent (such as machine oil, water glass, etc.) or direct contact, reducing the energy loss of the sound waves in the air and ensuring the detection sensitivity. Through the above-mentioned coordinated cooperation of "drive-indexing-coupling", this embodiment realizes the automated and high-precision detection of circumferential defects of cylindrical parts.

[0024] Example 2: Figures 1-7 As shown, the support assembly includes a boss 1, with a left support 2 and a right support 3 fixed at both ends of the boss 1, a drive assembly installed on the upper end of the left support 2, an indexing plate assembly rotatably connected to the left support 2, a launching assembly fixed on the upper end of the right support 3, and a cylindrical part 4 installed in the left support 2 and the right support 3 through a centering clamping assembly. The working principle of the above technical solution: The boss 1 is usually made of high-strength metal material through casting or welding. Its upper surface is flattened to ensure the parallelism and coaxiality of the left support 2 and the right support 3 after installation. The left support 2 and the right support 3 can be fixed to the two ends of the boss 1 by bolt connection, welding or integral molding. In this embodiment, the drive component and the indexing plate component are concentrated on one side of the left support 2. This layout design fully considers the ergonomic principle. Since the indexing plate component is provided with annular scale lines for reading the angle, and the drive component includes a manual adjustment knob, placing it on the left side (or the operating side) makes it convenient for the operator to intuitively observe the scale reading while adjusting the angle, realizing the synchronous operation and reading, and improving the detection efficiency. In contrast, the transmitting component is fixed on the upper end of the right support 3 as the source of ultrasonic signal transmission. Its position is relatively fixed and does not require frequent adjustment. Placing it on the right side is conducive to forming a stable penetration path with the receiving component.

[0025] Furthermore, the cylindrical part 4 is mounted in the left support 2 and the right support 3 by a centering clamping assembly. Here, "centering" means that the axis of the cylindrical part 4 is aligned with the rotation center line of the detection device (i.e., the rotation axis of the indexing plate assembly). This is crucial for the accuracy of ultrasonic testing. If the axis of the cylindrical part 4 deviates from the rotation center, the propagation path length of the ultrasonic signal will change periodically with the angle when the receiving assembly rotates and scans with the indexing plate assembly. This will cause fluctuations in the received signal amplitude, generate false defect signals, or mask real defects, seriously affecting the reliability of the test results. By setting the centering clamping assembly, the position of the cylindrical part 4 can be automatically or manually adjusted to make its axis coincide with the rotation center, thereby ensuring that the propagation path of the ultrasonic signal is consistent at all angles. This eliminates the detection error caused by the eccentricity of the part and lays the foundation for subsequent high-precision testing.

[0026] Example 3: Figures 1-7 As shown, the drive assembly includes a stepper motor 5, which is mounted on the upper end of the left support 2. One end of the output shaft of the stepper motor 5 is connected to the knob 6, and the other end of the output shaft of the stepper motor 5 is connected to the drive gear 8 through the connecting rod 7. The connecting rod 7 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 9 fixed in the left support 2, and the drive gear 8 meshes with the indexing plate assembly for transmission. The indexing plate assembly includes a driven gear 10, a driving gear 8 meshing with the driven gear 10 for transmission, the driven gear 10 being rotatably connected to the fixed frame 9, the driven gear 10 being fixedly connected to the indexing plate 11, the indexing plate 11 being fixedly connected to the receiving assembly, the left support 2 being fixedly connected to one end of the extension rod 38, and the other end of the extension rod 38 being provided with a pointer, the front end of which points to the annular scale line provided on the indexing plate 11; The working principle of the above technical solution: Stepper motor 5 serves as the power source for automatic adjustment, and its output shaft has the ability to rotate in both directions. The innovation of this embodiment lies in the fact that the output shaft of stepper motor 5 adopts a "one shaft, two ends" connection method: one end extends out of the connecting knob 6, and the other end is connected to the drive gear 8 through the connecting rod 7. This structural design cleverly achieves compatibility between manual and automatic adjustment. In automatic mode, stepper motor 5 receives pulse signals from the control system and drives the drive gear 8 to rotate without manual intervention, which is suitable for large-scale and continuous detection operations. When fine adjustment, power failure, or fine scanning of a specific angle is required, the operator can directly rotate the knob 6 to drive the connecting rod 7 and the drive gear 8 to rotate through the output shaft, thereby achieving manual control. This design avoids the structural complexity and cumbersome switching problems caused by the separation of manual and electric mechanisms in traditional devices, greatly improving the adaptability and ease of operation of the device. The function of the fixed frame 9 is to provide stable rotational support for the connecting rod 7, ensuring that the axis of the drive gear 8 does not deviate during rotation, and ensuring the smoothness of meshing transmission. In the transmission chain, the meshing transmission between the driving gear 8 and the driven gear 10 is the core. Compared with the belt drive or friction drive commonly used in existing technologies, the gear meshing transmission has a precise transmission ratio and will not slip due to belt aging or friction surface wear. This means that every angular increment of the stepper motor 5 can be accurately transmitted to the indexing plate 11, and then to the receiving component, ensuring the repeatability accuracy of the detected angle. The indexing plate 11 is fixedly connected to the driven gear 10 and rotates synchronously with it. The annular scale line on its side provides an intuitive reference for angle reading. The extension rod 38 is fixed on the left support 2 and its pointer points to the rotating indexing plate 11, providing a reference for fine adjustment and manual verification. In addition to the physical observation benchmark, more importantly, an angle encoder (not shown in the figure) is installed on the rear side of the indexing plate 11. The angle encoder communicates with the control terminal in real time. In the automated batch inspection mode, the stepper motor 5 drives the indexing plate 11 to operate. At the moment the ultrasonic receiving probe 15 captures the defect echo signal, the control terminal synchronously reads the current digital angle coordinates fed back by the angle encoder. The system automatically packages and maps the "ultrasonic defect signal" and the "angle position signal" to generate an inspection report containing precise circumferential coordinates. This dual architecture of "physical scale indication + digital encoding record" completely replaces the traditional manual visual recognition and manual recording, realizing the non-destructive acquisition and automated traceability of defect position data.

[0027] Example 4: Figures 1-7As shown, the receiving component includes a support plate 12, which is fixedly connected to the indexing plate 11. The support plate 12 is connected to the transmission block 13 through an elastic clamping component. The transmission block 13 is coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4. The ultrasonic receiving probe 15 is locked onto the transmission block 13 through a clamping plate 14. The ultrasonic receiving probe 15 is acoustically coupled to the transmission block 13. The ultrasonic receiving probe 15 is connected to the ultrasonic receiver through a transmission line. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The support plate 12 serves as the main body supporting the receiving component and rotates synchronously with the indexing plate 11, thereby driving the ultrasonic receiving probe 15 to perform a circular scanning motion around the axis of the cylindrical part 4. One of the core innovations of this embodiment is the introduction of the conductive block 13 as the coupling medium between the ultrasonic receiving probe 15 and the cylindrical part 4. Since the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4 is usually curved, while the bottom surface of conventional ultrasonic probes is mostly flat, if the probe is directly attached to the curved surface, it will form a line contact or even a point contact, resulting in a small contact area. The air layer seriously hinders the propagation of ultrasonic waves, causing a large loss of signal energy and reducing the detection sensitivity. The bottom surface of the conductive block 13 is designed as an arc surface that matches the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4, which can perfectly fit with the surface of the part and form a surface contact. Its top surface is designed as a flat surface for mounting the ultrasonic receiving probe 15. This structure of "curved surface fitting part, flat surface fitting probe" greatly increases the effective contact area, significantly reduces the reflection and scattering of ultrasonic waves at the interface, and ensures the efficient transmission of sound wave signals. It should be understood that the material of the conductive block 13 is usually selected to match the acoustic impedance of the cylindrical part 4 and the probe, such as aluminum alloy, plexiglass or special coupling block, in order to further reduce interface reflection loss. Furthermore, the ultrasonic receiving probe 15 is locked onto the transmitting block 13 by a clamping plate 14. The clamping plate 14 fixes the probe in a predetermined position on the transmitting block 13 using bolts or other fasteners. This mechanical locking method has significant advantages over traditional adhesive fixing or hand-pressing: First, it ensures that the pressure between the probe and the transmitting block is constant and sufficiently large, avoiding changes in contact impedance caused by pressure fluctuations, thereby ensuring the amplitude stability of the received signal; Second, this connection method facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the probe, improving the maintainability and versatility of the device. When it is necessary to detect defects in different frequency ranges, only the corresponding probe needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire transmitting block assembly. Similarly, the transmitting assembly includes a second support plate 16, one end of which is fixed to the upper end of the right support 3, and the other end of which is connected to a second transmission block 17 via an elastic clamping assembly. The second transmission block 17 is coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4. The ultrasonic transmitting probe 19 is locked to the second transmission block 17 via a second clamping plate 18. The ultrasonic transmitting probe 19 is acoustically coupled to the second transmission block 17. The ultrasonic transmitting probe 19 is connected to the ultrasonic transmitter via a transmission line. The structure of the transmitting component is highly symmetrical to that of the receiving component. The second support plate 16 is fixed, providing a stable transmission reference position for the ultrasonic transmitting probe 19. The second transmission block 17 also serves to adapt to the curved surface and improve coupling efficiency. The high-frequency electrical pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting probe 19 is efficiently transmitted into the cylindrical part 4 through the second transmission block 17. When it encounters a defect or bottom surface during propagation inside the part, it is reflected. The reflected wave is captured by the rotating receiving component. Through the locking action of the second clamping plate 18, the acoustic connection between the transmitting probe and the second transmission block 17 is ensured to be stable and reliable, avoiding unstable fluctuations in the transmitted signal and providing a high-quality signal source for the entire detection system. In this embodiment, through the above structure, low-loss and high-stability transmission of ultrasonic signals in the propagation link of "transmitting probe-transmission block-part-transmission block-receiving probe" is achieved, ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the detection results from the hardware level. In actual operation, a coupling agent (such as machine oil, chemical paste or special ultrasonic coupling agent) is applied between the bottom surface of the ultrasonic receiving probe 15 and the top surface of the conductive block 13, and between the bottom surface of the ultrasonic transmitting probe 19 and the top surface of the conductive block 17, to remove air between the contact surfaces and ensure that low-loss acoustic coupling is formed between them.

[0028] Example 5: Figures 1-7 As shown, the centering clamping assembly includes a cylinder 20, which is fixed on the side of the boss 1. The output end of the cylinder 20 is connected to a rack 21. The rack 21 is slidably connected to a limiting block 37, which is fixed at the lower end of the boss 1. The two ends of the rack 21 are respectively engaged with two gears 22 for transmission. The gears 22 rotate between the boss 1 and the gear bracket 23. The gear bracket 23 is fixed at the lower end of the boss 1. The two sides of the gears 22 are respectively engaged with two racks 24 for transmission. The two racks 24 are respectively fixedly connected to two clamping units. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Cylinder 20 serves as the sole power source, and its extension and retraction directly drives rack 21 to move linearly. Limiting block 37 acts as a guide and support, ensuring that rack 21 remains horizontal during movement, without deviation or sagging, thus guaranteeing accurate meshing with gear 22. Both ends of rack 21 mesh with two gears 22 respectively. When rack 21 moves, it simultaneously drives the two gears 22 to rotate. Since gears 22 are rotatably mounted between boss 1 and gear bracket 23, their axial position is fixed, allowing only rotational movement. Furthermore, each gear 22 meshes with two racks 24 on both sides. According to the principle of rack and pinion transmission, when gear 22 rotates, the racks 24 on both sides will move linearly in opposite directions. By rationally arranging the meshing positions of racks 24 and gears 22, the two racks 24 can mesh with the gears 22. The rack 24 drives the clamping units connected to it to move towards each other (i.e., move towards the center) or away from each other (i.e., move apart to both sides). This design of "single cylinder drive - gear and rack transmission - bidirectional synchronous clamping" cleverly utilizes the linkage of mechanical structures. It achieves the synchronous movement of two clamping units with only one power source. This not only simplifies the control system and reduces costs, but more importantly, it ensures the balance of clamping forces on both sides and the consistency of movement. It avoids the skewing of parts caused by asynchronous movement on both sides, thereby achieving a high-precision automatic centering function.

[0029] Example 6: Figures 1-7 As shown, the clamping unit includes a movable plate 25, both movable plates 25 are slidably connected to the left support 2, and a clamp 26 is slidably connected inside the movable plate 25. The two clamps 26 clamp the cylindrical part 4 on both sides, and the contact surfaces of the two clamps 26 and the cylindrical part 4 are provided with rubber pads 27. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The movable plate 25, as the main body of the clamping unit, is slidably connected to the left support 2 and performs reciprocating linear motion under the drive of the rack 24. The clamp 26 is slidably connected inside the movable plate 25. This design allows the operator to adjust the extension length of the clamp 26 according to cylindrical parts 4 of different diameters, or to easily replace clamps 26 of different shapes to adapt to diverse testing needs and improve the versatility of the device. When the two clamps 26 move towards each other under the drive of the movable plate 25, they finally clamp the cylindrical part 4. In this embodiment, the contact surface between the clamp 26 and the cylindrical part 4 is particularly important. A rubber pad 27 is provided. As a flexible medium, the rubber pad 27 mainly serves two purposes: First, the rubber material has a large coefficient of friction, which can significantly increase the friction between the clamp 26 and the surface of the cylindrical part 4, preventing the part from rotating or moving during the inspection process and improving the reliability of clamping. Second, the rubber pad 27 has good elastic deformation ability, which can buffer the hard impact of the clamp 26 on the surface of the part, effectively preventing mechanical damage such as indentations and scratches on the surface of the part when the clamping force is too large or the surface precision requirements of the part are high, thus protecting the surface quality of the part.

[0030] Example 7: Figures 1-7 As shown, the elastic clamping assembly includes a support column 28, which is fixed to the upper end of the transmission block 13. The support column 28 is slidably connected to the support plate 12, and a spring 29 is provided between the support plate 12 and the transmission block 13. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The support column 28 serves as the guide rod for the transmission block 13, passing through the guide hole on the support plate 12, allowing the transmission block 13 to slide up and down relative to the support plate 12. The spring 29 is sleeved on the outside of the support column 28 and is always in a compressed state, applying downward pressure to the transmission block 13. This structure constitutes the basic layer of the elastic clamping assembly—the elastic fitting mechanism. When the cylindrical part 4 is clamped in place, under the elastic force of the spring 29, the transmission block 13 is pressed against the outer surface of the cylindrical part 4. This elastic clamping method has excellent adaptability: when the cylindrical part 4 has a slight coaxiality error or uneven surface, the transmission block 13 can automatically adjust up and down with the undulation of the part surface, always maintaining a tight fit with the part surface, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the ultrasonic signal transmission path and avoiding poor contact or signal interruption that may be caused by rigid connection.

[0031] Example 8: As Figures 1-7As shown, in order to solve the problem that the transmission block 13 may block the insertion of the cylindrical part 4 or scratch the surface of the part when installing it, this embodiment has made an advanced design of the elastic clamping component. The support column 28 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 2 30, and the other end of the spring 2 30 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the slide rod 31. The slide rod 31 is slidably connected to the support column 28. The front end of the slide rod 31 is provided with a slope 1. The support plate 12 is fixed with an outer frame 32 and an inner column 33. A lower locking block 34 is fixed between the outer frame 32 and the inner column 33. An upper locking block 35 slides between the outer frame 32 and the inner column 33. A spring 36 is provided between the lower locking block 34 and the upper locking block 35. The front end of the lower locking block 34 is provided with a slope 2, and the front end of the upper locking block 35 is provided with a slope 3. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: This structure, through the cooperation of the slide bar 31 and the locking block, realizes the "lock-release" function of the transmission block 13. Its working process is divided into two stages: The first stage is the locking and avoidance stage before installation. Before installing the cylindrical part 4 into the device, the operator pulls the support column 28 upward, which moves the transmission block 13 upward and compresses the spring 29. During this process, the slide rod 31 moves upward with the support column 28. The inclined surface 1 at its front end first contacts the inclined surface 2 at the front end of the fixed lower locking block 34. Under the guidance of the inclined surface, the slide rod 31 is subjected to the horizontal component force and overcomes the tension of the spring 2 30 to slide inward. When the slide rod 31 passes the highest point of the lower locking block 34, under the tension of the spring 2 30, the slide rod 31 quickly returns to its original position and pops out. Its front end is locked onto the upper end face of the lower locking block 34. At this time, the support column 28 is locked by the mechanical structure, and the transmission block 13 remains in a high position and no longer falls. This state provides a spacious space for the installation of the cylindrical part 4, effectively avoids the interference of the transmission block 13 with the installation of the part, and also prevents accidental collisions with the transmission block 13 or the probe during the installation of the part, thus protecting the precision detection element. The second stage is the release and engagement stage after installation. After the cylindrical part 4 is clamped by the centering clamping assembly, the operator pulls the support column 28 upward again. At this time, the slide rod 31 moves upward with the support column 28, and its front end contacts the inclined surface three of the front end of the slidable upper locking block 35. Under the action of the inclined surface, the upper locking block 35 compresses the spring three 36 and retracts inward, allowing the slide rod 31 to pass. After the slide rod 31 passes the upper locking block 35, the operator releases the support column 28. Under the action of the restoring force of the spring one 29, the support column 28 drives the slide rod 31 to move upward. As rod 31 moves downward, the front end of sliding rod 31 abuts against the lower surface of upper locking block 35, pushing upper locking block 35 to continue moving downward until upper locking block 35 contacts lower locking block 34. Since lower locking block 34 is fixed, upper locking block 35 cannot move further downward. Under the guidance of inclined plane three, sliding rod 31 retracts inward again and slides past lower locking block 34. At this point, the lock is released, and support column 28, under the push of spring 29, drives transmission block 13 to press down rapidly until transmission block 13 is tightly attached to the outer surface of cylindrical part 4. The aforementioned locking and avoidance mechanism cleverly utilizes the mechanical principles of inclined plane engagement and spring reset, simplifying the complex locking and releasing actions into a simple "pull-release" operation, greatly improving the ease of operation of the device. Simultaneously, this mechanism is entirely implemented by mechanical structure, requiring no additional electrical control, thus reducing the failure rate and cost. Although this embodiment uses the first conductive block 13 in the receiving component as an example, the second conductive block 17 in the transmitting component also utilizes this elastic clamping component structure, and its working principle is completely identical, so it will not be repeated here.

[0032] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a cylindrical part (4) installed inside the support assembly. A drive assembly is installed at one end of the support assembly. The drive assembly meshes with the indexing plate assembly for transmission. The indexing plate assembly is rotatably connected to the support assembly. The indexing plate assembly has an annular scale line. A receiving assembly is fixed on the side of the indexing plate assembly. A transmitting assembly is fixed at the other end of the support assembly. Both the receiving assembly and the transmitting assembly are coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part (4).

2. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a boss (1), with a left support (2) and a right support (3) fixed at both ends of the boss (1). The drive assembly is installed on the upper end of the left support (2), the indexing plate assembly is rotatably connected to the left support (2), the launching assembly is fixed on the upper end of the right support (3), and the cylindrical part (4) is installed in the left support (2) and the right support (3) through the centering clamping assembly.

3. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a stepper motor (5), which is mounted on the upper end of the left support (2). One end of the output shaft of the stepper motor (5) is connected to the knob (6), and the other end of the output shaft of the stepper motor (5) is connected to the drive gear (8) through the connecting rod (7). The connecting rod (7) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (9) fixed in the left support (2), and the drive gear (8) meshes with the indexing plate assembly for transmission.

4. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The indexing plate assembly includes a driven gear (10), a driving gear (8) meshing with the driven gear (10), the driven gear (10) being rotatably connected to the fixed frame (9), the driven gear (10) being fixedly connected to the indexing plate (11), the indexing plate (11) being fixedly connected to the receiving component, the left support (2) being fixedly connected to one end of the extension rod (38), and the other end of the extension rod (38) being provided with a pointer, the front end of which points to the annular scale line set on the indexing plate (11).

5. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The receiving component includes a support plate (12), which is fixedly connected to the indexing plate (11). The support plate (12) is connected to the transmission block (13) through an elastic clamping component. The transmission block (13) is coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part (4). The ultrasonic receiving probe (15) is locked on the transmission block (13) through the clamping plate (14). The ultrasonic receiving probe (15) is acoustically coupled to the transmission block (13). The ultrasonic receiving probe (15) is connected to the ultrasonic receiver through a transmission line.

6. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmitting assembly includes a second support plate (16), one end of which is fixed to the upper end of the right support (3), and the other end of which is connected to a second transmission block (17) via an elastic clamping assembly. The second transmission block (17) is coupled to the outer surface of the cylindrical part (4). The ultrasonic transmitting probe (19) is locked to the second transmission block (17) via a second clamping plate (18). The ultrasonic transmitting probe (19) is acoustically coupled to the second transmission block (17). The ultrasonic transmitting probe (19) is connected to the ultrasonic transmitter via a transmission line.

7. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The centering clamping assembly includes a cylinder (20), which is fixed on the side of the boss (1). The output end of the cylinder (20) is connected to a rack (21). The rack (21) is slidably connected to a limiting block (37). The limiting block (37) is fixed at the lower end of the boss (1). The two ends of the rack (21) are respectively meshed with two gears (22). The gears (22) rotate between the boss (1) and the gear bracket (23). The gear bracket (23) is fixed at the lower end of the boss (1). The two sides of the gears (22) are respectively meshed with two racks (24). The two racks (24) are respectively fixedly connected to two clamping units.

8. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping unit includes a movable plate (25), both movable plates (25) are slidably connected to the left support (2), and a clamp (26) is slidably connected inside the movable plate (25). The two clamps (26) clamp the cylindrical part (4) on both sides, and the contact surfaces of the two clamps (26) and the cylindrical part (4) are provided with rubber pads (27).

9. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The elastic clamping assembly includes a support column (28), which is fixed on the upper end of the transmission block (13). The support column (28) is slidably connected to the support plate (12), and a spring (29) is provided between the support plate (12) and the transmission block (13).

10. The ultrasonic testing device for cylindrical parts according to claim 9, characterized in that, The support column (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring (30), and the other end of the second spring (30) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the slide rod (31). The slide rod (31) is slidably connected to the support column (28). The front end of the slide rod (31) is provided with a slope. The support plate (12) is fixed with an outer frame (32) and an inner column (33). A lower locking block (34) is fixed between the outer frame (32) and the inner column (33). An upper locking block (35) slides between the outer frame (32) and the inner column (33). A spring (36) is provided between the lower locking block (34) and the upper locking block (35). The front end of the lower locking block (34) is provided with a slope, and the front end of the upper locking block (35) is provided with a slope.

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