A method and device for monitoring a floating photovoltaic system, an electronic device and a medium

Abstract

The application provides a monitoring method and device for a floating photovoltaic system, an electronic device and a medium, wherein the method comprises: obtaining environmental data of a sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located and structural response data corresponding to each of a plurality of measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system; inputting the environmental data into a wind load simulation model and a hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain a wind load distribution and a hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment; inputting the wind load distribution and the hydrodynamic load response into a corresponding structural simulation model of the floating photovoltaic system to obtain a theoretical structural state of each measuring point, so as to determine the state of the floating photovoltaic system according to a comparison result between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the structural response data corresponding to the measuring point. Through the application, dynamic reconstruction of the overall state of the floating photovoltaic structure and accurate identification of potential damage are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of floating photovoltaic system technology, and more specifically, to a monitoring method, device, electronic equipment, and medium for a floating photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] As the application scenarios of floating photovoltaic systems expand from inland lakes to deep-sea areas, the marine environment in which they operate exhibits significant nonlinear and stochastic characteristics. The systems are subjected to combined loads from multiple fields, including wind, waves, and currents, over long periods. The continuous superposition of cyclic wave loads and unsteady aerodynamic loads induces aerodynamic-hydraulic-structural multiphysics coupling effects, causing the floating photovoltaic multibody structure to be under high-amplitude alternating stress for extended periods. This leads to accumulating fatigue damage and a significant increase in safety risks.

[0003] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in ensuring structural safety: the safety reserves of traditional static or quasi-static design methods are insufficient to cover the dynamic operational risks under complex sea conditions. Static design typically uses the maximum load under extreme conditions multiplied by a safety factor, which cannot reflect the cumulative fatigue effects caused by alternating loads; while quasi-static methods can consider the time series of loads, they are difficult to capture transient impacts and nonlinear resonances under the coupling of multiple fields such as wind, waves, and currents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, the purpose of this application is to provide a monitoring method, device, electronic equipment and medium for floating photovoltaic systems, aiming to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a monitoring method for a floating photovoltaic system, comprising: Obtain environmental data of the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located, as well as structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system; The environmental data is input into the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment. The wind load simulation model is a mathematical model of the wind pressure distribution acting on the floating photovoltaic system, and the hydrodynamic simulation model is a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic excitation acting on the floating photovoltaic system. The wind load distribution and the hydrodynamic load response are input into the structural simulation model corresponding to the floating photovoltaic system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point. Based on the comparison between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the structural response data corresponding to that measuring point, the state of the floating photovoltaic system is determined.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the wind load simulation model is constructed in the following manner: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a first three-dimensional geometric model of the floating photovoltaic system is established. The first three-dimensional geometric model includes the photovoltaic modules, the support frame, and the upper structure of the floating platform above water. At the entrance of the computational domain surrounding the first three-dimensional geometric model, a wind profile function conforming to sea surface roughness is set, and a simulation condition matrix covering different wind speeds and directions is set to obtain the initial wind load simulation model. Run the initial wind load simulation model to obtain the wind pressure coefficient distribution on the outer surface of the first three-dimensional geometric model; The initial wind load simulation model is calibrated by wind tunnel testing. When there is a deviation between the wind pressure coefficient distribution and the measured results of the wind tunnel test, the parameters of the initial wind load simulation model are adjusted to obtain the wind load simulation model.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the initial wind load simulation model is calibrated via wind tunnel testing in the following manner: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system is obtained. A pressure measuring point array is arranged on the surface of the scaled model. Airflow covering different wind speeds and directions is applied to the scaled model in a wind tunnel simulating the atmospheric boundary layer at sea. Transient wind pressure data of each pressure measuring point in the pressure measuring point array are collected as the measured results of the wind tunnel test. When there is a deviation between the measured results of the wind tunnel test and the wind pressure coefficient distribution, the parameters of the initial wind load simulation model are adjusted, and the initial wind load simulation model is rerun until the wind pressure coefficient distribution output by the initial wind load simulation model matches the measured results of the wind tunnel test, thus obtaining the calibrated wind load simulation model.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the hydrodynamic simulation model is constructed in the following manner: Based on the floating body arrangement and mooring design parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a dynamic numerical model of the floating photovoltaic system is established. In the dynamic numerical model, a simulation condition matrix covering different wave heights, wave directions, wave periods, and ocean current velocities and directions is set to obtain the initial hydrodynamic simulation model. Run the initial hydrodynamic simulation model to obtain the hydrodynamic response output of the initial hydrodynamic simulation model, which is used to indicate the motion state of the floating platform; The initial hydrodynamic simulation model is calibrated by a water tank test. When there is a deviation between the hydrodynamic response and the measured results of the water tank test, the parameters in the initial hydrodynamic simulation model are adjusted to obtain the hydrodynamic simulation model.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the initial hydrodynamic simulation model is calibrated through a pool test in the following manner: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system is made. A combined load encompassing wave and ocean current loads is applied to the scaled model in a wave pool environment, and the motion response of the scaled model is recorded as the measured result of the pool test. When there is a deviation between the measured results of the wave pool test and the hydrodynamic response, the parameters in the initial hydrodynamic simulation model are adjusted, and the initial hydrodynamic simulation model is rerun until the hydrodynamic response output by the adjusted initial hydrodynamic simulation model matches the measured results of the wave pool test, thus obtaining the calibrated hydrodynamic simulation model.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the structural simulation model is constructed in the following manner: Based on the geometric parameters and material properties of the photovoltaic modules, support frame, floating platform and mooring system in the floating photovoltaic system, a three-dimensional finite element model of the floating photovoltaic system is established. The three-dimensional finite element model is meshed, and the mesh of the complex stress region is refined to obtain a discretized finite element model. Based on the material properties, constitutive relations are assigned to the discretized finite element model, and a global gravitational acceleration field is applied to obtain the initial structural simulation model. Define the application location and application type of wind load, wave load and ocean current load in the initial structural simulation model to obtain the structural simulation model.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the theoretical structural state of each measuring point is obtained in the following way: The theoretical full-field structural state of the floating photovoltaic system is obtained from the output of the structural simulation model. Based on the positions of the multiple measuring points in the structural simulation model, the theoretical value corresponding to each measuring point is extracted from the theoretical full-field structural state and used as the theoretical structural state of that measuring point.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides a monitoring device for a floating photovoltaic system, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire environmental data of the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located, as well as structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system. The simulation module is used to input the environmental data into the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment. The wind load simulation model is a mathematical model of the wind pressure distribution acting on the floating photovoltaic system, and the hydrodynamic simulation model is a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic excitation acting on the floating photovoltaic system. The monitoring module is used to input the wind load distribution and the hydrodynamic load response into the structural simulation model corresponding to the floating photovoltaic system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point, so as to determine the state of the floating photovoltaic system based on the comparison between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the structural response data corresponding to that measuring point.

[0013] Thirdly, this application also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described above are performed.

[0014] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method described above.

[0015] This application provides a monitoring method, device, electronic equipment, and medium for a floating photovoltaic (PV) system. The method includes: acquiring environmental data of the sea area where the floating PV system is located, and structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating PV system; inputting the environmental data into a wind load simulation model and a hydrodynamic simulation model to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating PV system under the current environment; inputting the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response into the structural simulation model corresponding to the floating PV system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point; and determining the state of the floating PV system based on the comparison between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the corresponding structural response data. This application achieves dynamic reconstruction of the overall state of the floating PV structure and accurate identification of potential damage.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating photovoltaic system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a monitoring method for a floating photovoltaic system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ monitoring system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall technical architecture provided for the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of a wind load simulation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A flowchart of a wind tunnel test provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of a hydrodynamic simulation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A flowchart of a water tank test provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of a structural simulation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring device for the floating photovoltaic system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, every other embodiment obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] First, the applicable application scenarios of this application will be introduced. This application can be applied to the field of floating photovoltaic system technology.

[0021] As the application scenarios of floating photovoltaic (PV) systems expand from inland lakes to deep-sea areas, the marine environments in which they operate exhibit significant nonlinear and stochastic characteristics. PV systems operate under complex dynamic environments with combined loads from multiple fields, including wind, waves, and currents. In particular, the superposition of continuous cyclic wave loads and unsteady aerodynamic loads, and the resulting aerodynamic-hydraulic-structural multiphysics coupling effects, cause the floating PV multibody structure to endure high-amplitude alternating stresses over long periods, leading to cumulative fatigue damage and significantly increasing the system's safety risks.

[0022] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in ensuring structural safety: on the one hand, the safety reserves based on traditional static or quasi-static design methods are insufficient to cover the dynamic operational risks under complex sea conditions; on the other hand, existing in-situ monitoring technologies mostly rely on discretely distributed physical sensors, and this traditional "point-based monitoring" is unable to capture the global deformation characteristics of large-scale floating arrays. Furthermore, current early warning mechanisms are mostly based on static threshold alarms with single parameters, lacking in-depth exploration of the physical correlation between external environmental stimuli and the dynamic response of the internal structure, resulting in significant blind spots in the identification of internal structural damage and the assessment of safety throughout the entire life cycle.

[0023] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a monitoring method, device, electronic device, and medium for a floating photovoltaic system. The aim is to construct a closed loop from environmental perception to structural state reconstruction, damage identification, and safety early warning by integrating high-precision numerical simulation models with in-situ monitoring data, thereby achieving dynamic reconstruction of the overall state of the floating photovoltaic structure and accurate identification of potential damage.

[0024] The method for structural health monitoring and dynamic safety assessment of floating photovoltaic systems provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the floating photovoltaic system involved in this application will be described. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of this application. A floating photovoltaic system is a power generation facility that installs photovoltaic modules on a floating platform, allowing it to float on the water surface. It mainly includes key components such as photovoltaic modules, a support frame, a floating platform, and a mooring system. The photovoltaic modules convert solar energy into electrical energy, the support frame secures the photovoltaic modules, the floating platform provides buoyancy to keep the entire system afloat, and the mooring system uses cables and anchors to fix the system in a designated position and prevent it from drifting. When a floating photovoltaic system is applied in deep-sea areas, it will be subjected to a complex dynamic environment of combined loads from wind, waves, and currents. Wind loads induce aerodynamic responses and non-uniform wind pressure distribution in the superstructure, wave loads cause six-degree-of-freedom motion and transient impact effects on the floating platform, and ocean current loads drive overall system displacement and cause non-linear changes in the tension state of the mooring system.

[0025] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a monitoring method for a floating photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps.

[0026] Step S101: Obtain environmental data of the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located, as well as structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system.

[0027] The environmental data includes parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, wave height, wave direction, wave period, ocean current speed, and ocean current direction. The structural response data includes parameters such as the six-degree-of-freedom motion displacement, three-axis acceleration, mooring tension, and stress and strain at key connection points of the floating platform.

[0028] Specifically, environmental data and structural response data are obtained through the following methods: Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ monitoring system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, environmental monitoring sensors are deployed in the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located. These sensors include ultrasonic anemometers, wave buoys, acoustic Doppler current profilers, and specialized meteorological and water quality instruments. The ultrasonic anemometers measure wind speed and direction in real time; the wave buoys continuously collect data on wave height, direction, and period; the acoustic Doppler current profilers measure current velocity and direction at different water depths; and the specialized meteorological and water quality instruments continuously record atmospheric temperature and humidity, seawater salinity, pH, and other physicochemical indicators to assess the degree of environmental corrosion evolution in which the structure is located.

[0029] Structural monitoring sensors are deployed on the floating photovoltaic system, including a GPS and inertial measurement unit (INS), accelerometers, tension sensors, and fiber Bragg grating strain sensors. The GPS and INS record the six degrees of freedom (DOF) displacement and attitude angles of the floating platform at sea using high frequency. The six DEFs include sway, roll, heave, pitch, roll, and bow. Accelerometers are installed on the floating platform to measure transient impact and vibration accelerations of the structure. Tension sensors are installed at connection points between floating modules and at the bottom mooring cable guide holes to monitor interface tension and mooring tension abrupt changes in real time. Fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are laid at key stress-concentrated nodes of the structure to directly measure stress changes within the materials.

[0030] This application utilizes a multi-sensor network to acquire external excitations (wind, waves, currents) and internal structural responses (motion, strain, tension) of a floating photovoltaic system in a real marine environment, providing a raw data foundation for subsequent numerical simulation and safety assessment.

[0031] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall technical architecture provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 4 As shown, this application verifies and calibrates the numerical simulation model, namely the wind load simulation model, hydrodynamic simulation model, and structural simulation model, through physical experiments, namely wind tunnel tests and water tank tests. The calibrated numerical model receives environmental data from in-situ monitoring for calculation, and the output theoretical structural state is verified again with the structural response data from in-situ monitoring, ultimately achieving a safety assessment.

[0032] return Figure 2 Step S102: Input the environmental data into the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment.

[0033] Among them, the wind load simulation model is a mathematical model of the wind pressure distribution acting on the floating photovoltaic system, and the hydrodynamic simulation model is a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic excitation acting on the floating photovoltaic system.

[0034] In this embodiment, the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model need to be pre-built. First, computational fluid dynamics simulation is conducted to accurately calculate the wind load borne by the above-water structure of the floating photovoltaic system under different wind speeds and wind directions. Then, wind tunnel tests are performed for field verification. Based on the experimental data, the parameter settings in the computational fluid dynamics simulation are calibrated and the numerical model is optimized to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the wind load calculation results.

[0035] The following is through Figure 5 This paper introduces the specific construction process of the wind load simulation model.

[0036] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of a wind load simulation model provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps.

[0037] Step S201: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, establish the first three-dimensional geometric model of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0038] The first three-dimensional geometric model includes the photovoltaic modules, supporting frame, and the upper structure of the floating platform above water. Specifically, because the wind load simulation model simulates the effect of airflow on the structure, the underwater part of the floating platform is not exposed to the air and is not directly affected by wind loads; therefore, it does not need to be included in the model when calculating wind loads. When building the model, a 1:1 three-dimensional geometric model was created using ANSYS Fluent software to accurately reflect the actual dimensions of the structure.

[0039] Step S202: At the entrance of the computational domain surrounding the first three-dimensional geometric model, set a wind profile function that conforms to the sea surface roughness, and set a simulation condition matrix that covers different wind speeds and directions to obtain the initial wind load simulation model.

[0040] Specifically, a user-defined function is used to implant an exponential or logarithmic wind profile function conforming to sea surface roughness at the computational domain inlet, realistically reproducing the wind speed gradient and turbulence intensity distribution of the marine atmospheric boundary layer. Simultaneously, simulation condition matrices are designed with omnidirectional incident wind angles from 0° to 360° and multi-level gradient wind speeds from 0 to extreme sea surface wind speeds, serving as boundary conditions for the computational fluid dynamics method. The computational domain is spatially discretized using a hybrid grid strategy, with local mesh refinement on the photovoltaic module surface and wake region to capture flow separation and eddy shedding characteristics. The SST k-ω turbulence model, which exhibits good adaptability to adverse pressure gradients and flow separation characteristics, is selected. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are closed by solving the nonlinear transport equations for turbulent kinetic energy k and a specific dissipation rate ω.

[0041] The continuity equation is:

[0042] The momentum equation is:

[0043] The equation for turbulent kinetic energy (k) is:

[0044] The equation for a specific dissipation rate (ω) is:

[0045] in, For fluid density, and For velocity components in different directions, and For coordinate components, For hydrostatic pressure, For effective viscosity, Let Reynolds stress tensor be the stress tensor. For time, For velocity components, For turbulent kinetic energy, For a specific dissipation rate, For dynamic viscosity, Where is the eddy viscosity coefficient. For turbulence generation term, For the first mixing function, The viscosity is the viscosity of the eddy current. Let be the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation constant. and The effective Prandtl constant for turbulent kinetic energy and diffusion equations. This is the proportionality coefficient. It is an empirical constant. The diffusion constant is denoted as . This application constructs a preliminary CFD model that reflects the characteristics of the real offshore wind field by reasonably setting the inlet wind profile, operating condition matrix, turbulence model, and solution parameters, laying the foundation for subsequent calculations and calibration.

[0046] Step S203: Run the initial wind load simulation model to obtain the wind pressure coefficient distribution on the outer surface of the first three-dimensional geometric model.

[0047] Among them, the wind pressure coefficient of the structural surface is extracted by calculation ( Overall drag coefficient ( and lift coefficient ( The aerodynamic characteristics results were then used to construct a multi-dimensional characteristic wind load database for cross-validation with subsequent wind tunnel test data, and to complete parameter calibration and model correction.

[0048] Step S204: The initial wind load simulation model is calibrated through wind tunnel testing. When there is a deviation between the wind pressure coefficient distribution and the measured results of the wind tunnel test, the parameters of the initial wind load simulation model are adjusted to obtain the wind load simulation model.

[0049] Here, in actual engineering operations, after obtaining the real-time wind speed and direction on site, the optimized wind load simulation model can output high-precision non-uniform nodal wind load conditions to the finite element model.

[0050] The following is through Figure 6 This section describes the specific process of wind tunnel testing.

[0051] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 A flowchart of a wind tunnel test provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps.

[0052] Step S301: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, create a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0053] Specifically, to reproduce the real marine aerodynamic environment as accurately as possible, a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system was created based on similarity criteria. The scaled-down model strictly adhered to the principles of geometric similarity, kinematic similarity, and dynamic similarity. A high-density array of micro pressure measuring points was rationally deployed according to the scaled-down proportions on the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic modules, the support frame, and the upper waterline area of ​​the floating platform to capture the transient wind pressure distribution characteristics of the structural surfaces in real time.

[0054] Step S302: Arrange a pressure measurement point array on the surface of the scaled model, apply airflow covering different wind speeds and directions to the scaled model in the wind tunnel simulating the atmospheric boundary layer at sea, and collect transient wind pressure data of each pressure measurement point in the pressure measurement point array as the actual measurement results of the wind tunnel test.

[0055] The pressure measurement point array covers key areas of the model, ensuring a complete record of the spatiotemporal distribution of wind pressure. The measurement point density is optimized based on the scale ratio and key areas of interest (such as edges, corners, and obstructed areas) to guarantee the accuracy of subsequent calibration.

[0056] Wind tunnel tests were conducted in a wind tunnel laboratory equipped with marine atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) simulation capabilities. Wedges and rough element arrays were used to accurately reproduce the wind speed profile and turbulence characteristics of the target sea area. Variable-condition scanning tests were performed on the scaled model within an all-around incident angle range of 0° to 360°, with the test condition matrix strictly consistent with the condition matrix of the aforementioned CFD numerical simulation. The wind pressure coefficients of the collected structural surfaces were... Overall drag coefficient ( and lift coefficient ( (This data is used as the actual measurement result of the wind tunnel test, and is used to verify the accuracy of the CFD numerical simulation results in the subsequent process.)

[0057] Step S303: When there is a deviation between the measured results of the wind tunnel test and the wind pressure coefficient distribution, adjust the turbulence model parameters in the initial wind load simulation model and rerun the initial wind load simulation model until the wind pressure coefficient distribution output by the initial wind load simulation model matches the measured results of the wind tunnel test, and obtain the calibrated wind load simulation model.

[0058] The specific adjustment process includes: quantifying the overlap between the measured curves from the comparative experiment and the numerical simulation curves; iteratively correcting and inverting the turbulence intensity, boundary layer parameters, and turbulence model constants in the CFD numerical model to eliminate idealization biases in numerical calculations. Through multiple iterations, the model output and physical experiment results achieve a preset degree of agreement, ultimately obtaining a wind load simulation model calibrated by physical measurements. This provides accurate wind load input for the entire health monitoring and safety assessment system. This application simulates the real sea surface wind field in a wind tunnel and uses the same load case matrix as the numerical simulation to obtain comparable measured data. Through repeated comparisons and parameter adjustments, the numerical model output is highly consistent with the physical experiment results, thus obtaining a high-fidelity wind load simulation model and ensuring the reliability of subsequent structural analysis.

[0059] Next, hydrodynamic response simulations were performed to calculate the frequency and time domain motion responses of the floating platform under different wave and current loads. Similarly, experimental verification was conducted using pool tests to compare and calibrate the hydrodynamic response simulation results, further optimizing the parameter settings of the hydrodynamic numerical model. The following section will... Figure 5 This paper introduces the specific construction process of the hydrodynamic simulation model.

[0060] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of a hydrodynamic simulation model provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps.

[0061] Step S401: Based on the floating body arrangement and mooring design parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, establish a dynamic numerical model of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0062] Specifically, a multibody coupled dynamics numerical model was established using ANSYS AQWA hydrodynamic analysis software, accurately assigning key physical parameters such as the system's mass properties, center of mass position, spatial inertia tensor, and nonlinear stiffness of the mooring system. This model treats the array of floating bodies and the supporting frame as a unified rigid motion system, capable of simulating the overall dynamic behavior of the floating bodies under the influence of waves and ocean currents.

[0063] Step S402: In the dynamic numerical model, set up a simulation condition matrix covering different wave heights, wave directions, wave periods, and ocean current velocities and directions to obtain the initial hydrodynamic simulation model.

[0064] To address the significant disturbances to the surrounding wave field caused by large-scale floating structures in practical engineering, a three-dimensional potential flow theory is employed. This theory assumes that the fluid is inviscid, incompressible, and irrotational. By solving for the radiation and diffraction potentials of the flow field, it accurately calculates and extracts the system's additional mass matrix, radiation damping matrix, and hydrostatic restoring force under hydrodynamic action.

[0065] The Laplace equation is:

[0066] The linear decoupling equation for the spatial velocity potential is:

[0067] The boundary integral equation for the hydrodynamic coefficients is:

[0068] The frequency domain dynamic response equation of the floating body is:

[0069] in, For transient velocity potential, For spatial complex velocity potential, , and For incident potential, diffraction potential, and radiation potential, The amplitude of the complex velocity of the floating body. For a momentarily wet surface, It is the normal vector. and For the force of wave turbulence, For the mass and spatial inertia tensor, The angular frequency of the wave. For added mass, For radiation damping, The equivalent system stiffness matrix, This is the amplitude response operator.

[0070] The simulation case matrix covers wave and current load combinations with incident angles from 0° to 180° in all directions, to realistically reproduce the marine dynamic excitation characteristics under extreme sea conditions in the deep ocean. After the above settings, the initial hydrodynamic simulation model is obtained.

[0071] Step S403: Run the initial hydrodynamic simulation model to obtain the hydrodynamic response output of the initial hydrodynamic simulation model, which is used to indicate the motion state of the floating platform.

[0072] Specifically, the six-degree-of-freedom displacement, three-axis acceleration, mooring tension, and connecting constraint forces of the floating platform under the aforementioned complex multi-field coupling were calculated, and a hydrodynamic response characteristic database was constructed. This database was used for cross-validation with subsequent pool test data to complete the inversion calibration of hydrodynamic parameters and model correction.

[0073] Step S404: The initial hydrodynamic simulation model is calibrated through a water tank test. When there is a deviation between the hydrodynamic response and the measured results of the water tank test, the coefficients in the initial hydrodynamic simulation model are adjusted to obtain the calibrated hydrodynamic simulation model.

[0074] Here, in the practical engineering application stage, after the system collects the environmental parameters of waves and ocean currents on site, it can quickly reproduce the real-time spatial attitude and displacement field of the floating body system through the optimized hydrodynamic numerical model, and output it as boundary conditions to the finite element analysis model. This provides accurate hydrodynamic excitation input for evaluating the overall safety of the system. This application uses pool test data to correct parameters such as the viscous damping coefficient in the hydrodynamic model, eliminates the deviation of the ideal potential flow theory, and enables the model to accurately predict the floating body response in the actual marine environment, providing high-fidelity hydrodynamic boundary conditions for structural analysis.

[0075] The following is through Figure 8 This section describes the specific process of the water tank test.

[0076] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a water tank test provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps.

[0077] Step S501: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, create a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0078] Specifically, to verify the confidence level of the hydrodynamic numerical simulation results and optimize the parameters, physical model tests were conducted using a wave pool. Based on similarity criteria, a floating photovoltaic system physical model with an appropriate scale was designed and fabricated. Precise counterweight adjustments were made to ensure the equivalent mapping between the physical model and the actual engineering system in terms of total mass, center of mass position, draft, and spatial inertia tensor. A scaled-down elastic mooring system was used to recreate the nonlinear mooring stiffness boundary of the actual environment.

[0079] Step S502: Apply a combined load covering wave and ocean current loads to the scaled model in the wave pool environment, and record the motion response of the scaled model as the measured result of the pool test.

[0080] Here, the tests were conducted in a comprehensive water tank equipped with a piston-type wave generator and an efficient wave dissipation device at the tail. In terms of wave load simulation, regular waves and irregular random waves covering a full range of incident angles from 0° to 180° were applied respectively; in terms of current load simulation, the independent circulating current generation system supporting the water tank was started to generate steady currents with different flow velocities and profile gradients. Under the dynamic excitation of the combined wave and current loads, a non-contact optical motion capture system was used to continuously record the spatial motion trajectories of the floating body array under various working conditions, and the time-domain dynamic displacement curves of the floating body system in six degrees of freedom were extracted emphatically, and through methods such as fast Fourier transform, they were transformed into the amplitude response operator RAO in the frequency domain as the measured results of the water tank tests.

[0081] Step S503: Compare the measured results of the water tank tests with the hydrodynamic responses.

[0082] Among them, the measured hydrodynamic response data obtained from the water tank tests were cross-validated with the previous hydrodynamic numerical simulation results, and the coincidence degree between the measured curves of the test and the numerical simulation curves was quantitatively compared to identify the deviation between the two.

[0083] Step S504: When there is a deviation between the measured results of the water tank tests and the hydrodynamic responses, adjust the parameters in the initial hydrodynamic simulation model and re-run the initial hydrodynamic simulation model until the hydrodynamic responses output by the adjusted initial hydrodynamic simulation model match the measured results of the wave water tank tests, and then obtain the calibrated hydrodynamic simulation model.

[0084] The specific adjustment process includes: using a parameter inversion algorithm to iteratively correct parameters such as the viscous damping coefficient and added mass in the numerical model to eliminate the calculation deviation caused by the ideal potential flow theory. Through multiple iterations, the model output and the physical test results reach a preset coincidence degree, and finally a hydrodynamic simulation model calibrated by physical measurements is obtained to ensure that the displacement and load boundary conditions output to the finite element model have sufficient physical fidelity.

[0085] Return Figure 2 , Step S103: Input the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load responses into the corresponding structural simulation model of the floating photovoltaic system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measurement point, and determine the state of the floating photovoltaic system according to the comparison results between the theoretical structural state of each measurement point and the structural response data corresponding to that measurement point.

[0086] On this basis, a three-dimensional finite element model of the complete floating photovoltaic system was established, and the wind load calculation results and hydrodynamic response simulation results verified and optimized through tests were used as key loads and boundary conditions and input into the finite element model. Through systematic structural finite element simulation analysis, the real working state of the floating photovoltaic system was reconstructed, the structural stress hot spots were located, and the safety benchmark assessment was completed.

[0087] The following is through Figure 9 This section describes the specific construction process of the structural simulation model.

[0088] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of a structural simulation model provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps.

[0089] Step S601: Based on the geometric parameters and material properties of the photovoltaic modules, support frame, floating platform and mooring system in the floating photovoltaic system, establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0090] Specifically, a detailed 3D solid model was created in ANSYS, comprising photovoltaic modules, a support frame, a floating platform, and a mooring system. The photovoltaic modules are the primary wind-receiving components, the support frame transmits structural forces, the floating platform provides buoyancy support, and the mooring system includes cables and anchor points. During modeling, the dimensions of each component were accurately input based on actual engineering drawings, and corresponding material properties (such as density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and yield strength) were assigned, laying the foundation for subsequent mesh generation and mechanical analysis.

[0091] Step S602: Mesh the three-dimensional finite element model and refine the mesh in the stress-complex region to obtain a discretized finite element model.

[0092] Specifically, an unstructured mesh is used to spatially discretize the geometry, with the element reference size set to 50mm to balance computational efficiency and solution accuracy. For hinged nodes, connectors, and stress concentration areas under complex stress, adaptive mesh refinement is performed to ensure accurate capture of stress gradients and deformation characteristics at these critical locations. After mesh generation, a mesh quality check is performed to ensure no distorted elements, resulting in a discretized finite element model suitable for finite element solution.

[0093] Step S603: Based on the material properties, assign constitutive relations to the discretized finite element model and apply a global gravitational acceleration field to obtain the initial structural simulation model.

[0094] Specifically, each component is assigned a corresponding linear or nonlinear material constitutive relation based strictly on actual engineering parameters. For metal structures (such as support frames and connectors), linear elastic constitutive models or bilinear hardening constitutive models considering yielding can be used; for composite materials or polymers of floating platforms, appropriate nonlinear constitutive models can be selected based on their mechanical properties. Simultaneously, a global gravitational acceleration field along the Z-axis is applied to simulate the initial stress state of the structure under its own weight. After completing the above settings, the initial structural simulation model is obtained.

[0095] Step S604: Define the application location and application type of wind load, wave load and ocean current load in the initial structural simulation model to obtain the structural simulation model.

[0096] Specifically, the non-uniform spatial wind pressure distribution output from the aforementioned calibrated wind load simulation model is mapped as a time-varying surface load onto the corresponding unit surfaces of the photovoltaic modules, support frame, and floating platform's upper structure on the water surface. Simultaneously, the six-degree-of-freedom motion displacement of the floating platform output from the aforementioned calibrated hydrodynamic simulation model is applied as displacement boundary conditions to the floating platform nodes, and mooring tension is applied as a concentrated force to the mooring points. These definitions of application positions and types enable the structural simulation model to receive real-time calculated load values ​​during subsequent monitoring phases, eliminating the need for repeated modeling. After completing the above definitions, a structural simulation model that can be used for subsequent real-time monitoring is obtained.

[0097] In the subsequent monitoring phase, when it is necessary to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point, the time step parameter of the transient solver is first set. The transient solver then performs transient dynamics solving on the above structural simulation model, obtaining the equivalent stress field evolution cloud map and displacement field of the entire floating photovoltaic system at each time step. The equivalent stress is calculated from the principal stresses or the combined normal stress and shear stress, and is a key indicator for assessing whether the material will yield under multi-directional complex stress conditions. For example, the total analysis time is set to 10s, the initial time step is 0.002s, and adaptive adjustment is performed between 0.001s and 0.1s. The solver solves the general dynamic equilibrium equations of the structure by integrating point-by-point in the time domain:

[0098] in This represents the time-varying equivalent nodal load vector introduced by external wind pressure and hydrodynamic constraints. , , These are the global mass, damping, and stiffness matrices of the system, respectively.

[0099] After solving the problem, the von Mises equivalent stress field evolution contour maps and displacement fields of the entire system at each time step are extracted. Then, based on the spatial coordinates of multiple measuring points in the structural simulation model, the theoretical stress value or theoretical displacement value corresponding to each measuring point is extracted from the equivalent stress field or displacement field as the theoretical structural state of that measuring point. This data will be compared with the structural response data measured by field sensors for subsequent safety assessment and damage identification.

[0100] Finally, in the practical engineering application stage, the real-time environmental parameters collected by the field sensor network are first substituted into the wind load simulation model and hydrodynamic simulation model, which have already undergone parameter calibration. Through the calculations of the above models, the non-uniform spatial aerodynamic wind pressure distribution, the six-degree-of-freedom motion displacement of the floating body, and the dynamic mooring tension acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment are obtained.

[0101] Then, the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response calculated above are used as loads and boundary conditions to simultaneously drive the structural simulation model to perform transient dynamic solutions, thereby obtaining the global dynamic response state of the structure under the current real sea conditions. The global dynamic response state includes the equivalent stress cloud map of the entire field, the overall deformation trend, and the stress time history curves of key nodes, realizing the dynamic reconstruction of the overall state of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0102] Simultaneously, the system compares and analyzes the on-site measured structural physics monitoring data with the stress hotspot areas predicted by the structural simulation model. When the measured values ​​are found to deviate significantly from the theoretical safety baseline, or when the structural simulation model calculates that a component is about to approach the material yield limit or fatigue damage threshold under the current dynamic working conditions, the system will actively lock the potential hazard location and accurately output its spatial three-dimensional coordinates and performance degradation evolution curve.

[0103] Finally, based on multi-source fusion monitoring data and relevant marine engineering structural safety specifications, the safety status of the entire floating photovoltaic system was quantitatively classified and graded in multiple dimensions. The assessment dimensions comprehensively covered wind resistance stability, frame structure yield risk, fatigue failure of articulated devices, and ultimate fracture risk of the mooring system. According to the degree to which the current mechanical state of the structure deviates from the safety threshold, the overall risk of the system was divided into different warning levels, such as: green level for normal operation, yellow level for minor hidden dangers, orange level for local yielding criticality, and red alarm for extreme cable breakage or damage risk.

[0104] The tiered early warning results will be pushed to the marine operation and maintenance command center in real time, providing direct and scientific decision-making basis for pre-disaster prevention, post-disaster assessment, and routine targeted offshore maintenance under extreme typhoon or cold wave weather.

[0105] Thus, the monitoring method for floating photovoltaic systems provided in this application has achieved a complete closed loop from model building, calibration, sensor deployment to real-time monitoring and safety early warning, effectively solving the problem of global state perception and accurate damage identification of floating photovoltaic structures in complex sea conditions in deep sea areas.

[0106] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a monitoring device for a floating photovoltaic system corresponding to the monitoring method for a floating photovoltaic system. Since the principle of the device in this application is similar to the monitoring method for a floating photovoltaic system described above, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0107] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring device for the floating photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the monitoring device 700 for the floating photovoltaic system includes: The acquisition module 701 is used to acquire environmental data of the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located, as well as structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system.

[0108] The simulation module 702 is used to input environmental data into the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment. The wind load simulation model is a mathematical model of the wind pressure distribution acting on the floating photovoltaic system, and the hydrodynamic simulation model is a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic excitation acting on the floating photovoltaic system.

[0109] The monitoring module 703 is used to input the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response into the structural simulation model corresponding to the floating photovoltaic system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point. Based on the comparison between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the structural response data corresponding to that measuring point, the state of the floating photovoltaic system is determined.

[0110] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 As shown, the electronic device 800 includes a processor 810, a memory 820, and a bus 830.

[0111] The memory 820 stores machine-readable instructions that can be executed by the processor 810. When the electronic device 800 is running, the processor 810 and the memory 820 communicate via the bus 830. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 810, the steps of the method described above can be performed. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0112] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is run by a processor, it can execute the steps of the method described above. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0114] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the shown or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0115] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0116] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0117] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for a floating photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: Obtain environmental data of the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located, as well as structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system; The environmental data is input into the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment. The wind load simulation model is a mathematical model of the wind pressure distribution acting on the floating photovoltaic system, and the hydrodynamic simulation model is a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic excitation acting on the floating photovoltaic system. The wind load distribution and the hydrodynamic load response are input into the structural simulation model corresponding to the floating photovoltaic system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point. Based on the comparison between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the structural response data corresponding to that measuring point, the state of the floating photovoltaic system is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind load simulation model is constructed using the following method: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a first three-dimensional geometric model of the floating photovoltaic system is established. The first three-dimensional geometric model includes the photovoltaic modules, the support frame, and the upper structure of the floating platform above water. At the entrance of the computational domain surrounding the first three-dimensional geometric model, a wind profile function conforming to sea surface roughness is set, and a simulation condition matrix covering different wind speeds and directions is set to obtain the initial wind load simulation model. Run the initial wind load simulation model to obtain the wind pressure coefficient distribution on the outer surface of the first three-dimensional geometric model; The initial wind load simulation model is calibrated by wind tunnel testing. When there is a deviation between the wind pressure coefficient distribution and the measured results of the wind tunnel test, the parameters of the initial wind load simulation model are adjusted to obtain the wind load simulation model.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The initial wind load simulation model was calibrated using wind tunnel testing in the following manner: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system is obtained. A pressure measuring point array is arranged on the surface of the scaled model. Airflow covering different wind speeds and directions is applied to the scaled model in a wind tunnel simulating the atmospheric boundary layer at sea. Transient wind pressure data of each pressure measuring point in the pressure measuring point array are collected as the measured results of the wind tunnel test. When there is a deviation between the measured results of the wind tunnel test and the wind pressure coefficient distribution, the parameters of the initial wind load simulation model are adjusted, and the initial wind load simulation model is rerun until the wind pressure coefficient distribution output by the initial wind load simulation model matches the measured results of the wind tunnel test, thus obtaining the calibrated wind load simulation model.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrodynamic simulation model is constructed using the following method: Based on the floating body arrangement and mooring design parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a dynamic numerical model of the floating photovoltaic system is established. In the dynamic numerical model, a simulation condition matrix covering different wave heights, wave directions, wave periods, and ocean current velocities and directions is set to obtain the initial hydrodynamic simulation model. Run the initial hydrodynamic simulation model to obtain the hydrodynamic response output of the initial hydrodynamic simulation model, which is used to indicate the motion state of the floating platform; The initial hydrodynamic simulation model is calibrated by a water tank test. When there is a deviation between the hydrodynamic response and the measured results of the water tank test, the parameters in the initial hydrodynamic simulation model are adjusted to obtain the hydrodynamic simulation model.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial hydrodynamic simulation model was calibrated using a water tank test in the following manner: Based on the geometric parameters of the floating photovoltaic system, a scaled-down model of the floating photovoltaic system is made. A combined load encompassing wave and ocean current loads is applied to the scaled model in a wave pool environment, and the motion response of the scaled model is recorded as the measured result of the pool test. When there is a deviation between the measured results of the wave pool test and the hydrodynamic response, the parameters in the initial hydrodynamic simulation model are adjusted, and the initial hydrodynamic simulation model is rerun until the hydrodynamic response output by the adjusted initial hydrodynamic simulation model matches the measured results of the wave pool test, thus obtaining the calibrated hydrodynamic simulation model.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural simulation model is constructed using the following method: Based on the geometric parameters and material properties of the photovoltaic modules, support frame, floating platform and mooring system in the floating photovoltaic system, a three-dimensional finite element model of the floating photovoltaic system is established. The three-dimensional finite element model is meshed, and the mesh of the complex stress region is refined to obtain a discretized finite element model. Based on the material properties, constitutive relations are assigned to the discretized finite element model, and a global gravitational acceleration field is applied to obtain the initial structural simulation model. Define the application location and application type of wind load, wave load and ocean current load in the initial structural simulation model to obtain the structural simulation model.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The theoretical structural state of each measuring point is obtained in the following way: The theoretical full-field structural state of the floating photovoltaic system is obtained from the output of the structural simulation model. Based on the positions of the multiple measuring points in the structural simulation model, the theoretical value corresponding to each measuring point is extracted from the theoretical full-field structural state and used as the theoretical structural state of that measuring point.

8. A monitoring device for a floating photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire environmental data of the sea area where the floating photovoltaic system is located, as well as structural response data corresponding to multiple measuring points on the floating photovoltaic system. The simulation module is used to input the environmental data into the wind load simulation model and the hydrodynamic simulation model respectively to obtain the wind load distribution and hydrodynamic load response acting on the floating photovoltaic system under the current environment. The wind load simulation model is a mathematical model of the wind pressure distribution acting on the floating photovoltaic system, and the hydrodynamic simulation model is a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic excitation acting on the floating photovoltaic system. The monitoring module is used to input the wind load distribution and the hydrodynamic load response into the structural simulation model corresponding to the floating photovoltaic system to obtain the theoretical structural state of each measuring point, so as to determine the state of the floating photovoltaic system based on the comparison between the theoretical structural state of each measuring point and the structural response data corresponding to that measuring point.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a processor, a memory, and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is in operation, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus, and the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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