changeover switch

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and particularly discloses a change-over switch. The switch comprises an output module, a contact module and an electromagnetic module; the output module comprises a shell and a contact group, and the contact group comprises two upper static contact parts and two lower static contact parts; the contact module comprises a push rod and a contact piece group, the contact piece group comprises a first upper armature, a movable contact piece and a first lower armature which are movably arranged on the push rod, the movable contact piece is provided with a second upper armature, the shell is provided with a second lower armature, the contact module has an open state in which the movable contact piece is in contact with the two upper static contact parts and a closed state in which the movable contact piece is in contact with the two lower static contact parts, in the open state, a gap exists between the first upper armature and the first lower armature, in the closed state, the first upper armature is in contact with the first lower armature, and the second upper armature and the second lower armature which are arranged at intervals form a short-circuit ring; and the electromagnetic module is used for driving the push rod. The switch has the advantages of anti-short-circuit capability and reduced power consumption through structural improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic device technology, and more particularly to changeover switches. Background Technology

[0002] In new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, to adapt to different charging and discharging strategies, voltage platform configurations, or fault isolation requirements, it is often necessary to switch between series and parallel connections of the load circuit. Such switching is usually infrequent, but after each switch, the selected on-state must be maintained reliably for a long time, and extremely low power consumption is required in the maintained state to improve overall system energy efficiency. Meanwhile, with the continuous improvement of system power levels and safety requirements, switching devices must not only maintain stable connection under normal load conditions but also possess sufficient load-bearing and breaking capacity in the event of a short circuit to prevent contacts from accidentally springing open or welding due to electrodynamic repulsion.

[0003] In practical applications, there are often two different levels of load circuits that require centralized management and switching: one includes two or more small load circuits, and the other includes a large load circuit. To reduce the number of devices and installation space, it is desirable to achieve the selection and switching of these circuits through a single transfer switch, without having to configure independent switching elements for each type of load. This requires the internal contact system of the transfer switch to be able to flexibly adapt to the switching of different current specifications, while providing balanced and reliable contact pressure for each circuit to ensure long-term operational stability.

[0004] However, under such switching requirements, short-circuit withstand capability and low power consumption become a prominent contradiction. To improve short-circuit withstand capability, it is usually necessary to increase contact pressure or use electromagnetic compensation structures to generate additional attraction to counteract the electrodynamic repulsion when short-circuit current passes through. However, if such compensation relies on continuously energized electromagnets or mechanisms with high holding power consumption, it will lead to a significant increase in state-holding power consumption, which contradicts the pursuit of low standby power consumption in new energy and energy storage systems. Conversely, simply pursuing low power consumption while weakening contact holding force will make the switch prone to contact repulsion, arcing, or even damage when facing short-circuit current, failing to meet system safety requirements. Existing commonly used switching solutions often cannot simultaneously handle switching scenarios of two small loads and one large load, making it difficult to establish effective short-circuit protection on every circuit, and unable to achieve reliable short-circuit connection and disconnection under low power holding conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a changeover switch that has short-circuit protection and reduces power consumption.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A changeover switch includes an output module, a contact module, and an electromagnetic module. The output module includes a housing and at least one group of contacts. Each contact group includes two upper stationary contacts and two lower stationary contacts fixed to the housing, with each upper stationary contact and one lower stationary contact vertically opposite each other. The contact module includes a push rod and a contact plate group. The number of contact plate groups is the same as the number of contact groups, and they correspond one-to-one. The push rod is movable relative to the output module along the vertical direction. The contact plate group includes a first upper armature, a movable contact, and a first lower armature sequentially movably disposed on the push rod from top to bottom along the vertical direction. The movable contact has a second upper armature. The armature has a second lower armature below each second upper armature. The contact module has an open state where the moving contact contacts the two upper stationary contacts and an closed state where the moving contact contacts the two lower stationary contacts. When the contact module is in the open state, there is a gap between the first upper armature and the first lower armature. When the contact module is in the closed state, the first upper armature contacts the first lower armature, and the second upper armature and the second lower armature, which are spaced apart, form a short-circuit ring. The electromagnetic module is fixed to the housing and is used to drive the push rod to move along the vertical direction.

[0007] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the contact assembly further includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element. The first elastic element is disposed between the first upper armature and the moving contact, and the second elastic element is disposed between the first lower armature and the push rod. When the contact module is in the open state, the second elastic element pushes the first lower armature to press against the moving contact. When the contact module is in the closed state, the first elastic element pushes the moving contact away from the first upper armature.

[0008] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the movable contact extends along a first direction; a first through slot extending along the first direction is provided on the top of the first lower armature, the movable contact passes through the first through slot, and the first upper armature and the first lower armature are arranged opposite each other; a second through slot extending along the first direction is provided on the bottom of the second upper armature, the movable contact passes through the second through slot, and the second upper armature and the second lower armature are arranged opposite each other.

[0009] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the second lower armature is located on the bottom wall of the housing and facing the moving contact; or, the housing is fixedly connected to a copper busbar, the copper busbar is connected to the lower stationary contact, and the second lower armature is located on the copper busbar.

[0010] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the first elastic element is in contact with the center of the moving contact piece, and the end of the moving contact piece is provided with a moving contact portion, which is used to connect with the upper stationary contact portion or the lower stationary contact portion.

[0011] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the contact assembly includes two second upper armatures, which are located on both sides of the first elastic member. A positioning groove is provided on the top of the movable contact, and the second upper armatures are embedded in the positioning groove.

[0012] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the push rod is fixedly connected to a guide post extending in the vertical direction. The number of guide posts is the same as the number of contact pieces and they correspond one-to-one. The guide post passes through the first upper armature, the first elastic element, the moving contact piece, the first lower armature, and the second elastic element, and slides with the first upper armature, the moving contact piece, and the first lower armature.

[0013] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the contact group has at least two contacts, and the output module further includes a first lead-out terminal and a second lead-out terminal. The first lead-out terminal has two locations, and the number of the second lead-out terminals is twice the number of contacts. The two lower stationary contacts in the contact group are respectively located on the two first lead-out terminals, and each upper stationary contact is located on one second lead-out terminal; or, the two upper stationary contacts in the contact group are respectively located on the two first lead-out terminals, and each lower stationary contact is located on one second lead-out terminal.

[0014] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the electromagnetic module includes a bistable magnetic circuit structure, and a moving iron core is fixedly connected to the push rod. The bistable magnetic circuit structure is used to drive the moving iron core.

[0015] As an optional technical solution for the changeover switch, the output module also includes a permanent magnet, which surrounds all the contact groups and is used to extinguish the arc by magnetic blowout.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This changeover switch, through two upper stationary contacts and two lower stationary contacts positioned vertically opposite each other in the output module, along with a vertically movable push rod and contact assembly in the contact module, enables reliable switching of the moving contact between the open state (i.e., the moving contact is connected to the upper stationary contact) and the closed state (i.e., the moving contact is connected to the lower stationary contact). This allows a single contact system to meet the switching requirements of two load circuits, resulting in a compact structure and small size. In the closed state, the spaced-apart second upper and lower armatures form a short-circuit ring, generating a current-related compensating attraction to prevent contact repulsion. Simultaneously, the first upper and lower armatures contact and form a magnetic circuit, generating electromagnetic attraction to resist electromagnetic repulsion when a short-circuit current passes, thus enhancing short-circuit withstand capability. In the open state, a gap exists between the first upper and lower armatures, preventing the first lower armature from not pressing against the moving contact. This ensures that the holding force of the first lower armature against the moving contact during short-circuit current flow provides short-circuit compensation. This achieves short-circuit protection, significantly improving the reliability of short-circuit connection and disconnection of the transfer switch in both closed and open states. Furthermore, the electromagnetic module, fixed to the housing and driving the push rod, enables smooth state switching. Combined with the first upper armature, first lower armature, second upper armature, and second lower armature, the overall structure is highly integrated with few moving parts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the changeover switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the changeover switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 When the contact module in the circuit is in the open state, the edge Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of plane AA; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 When the contact module in the middle is in the closed state, along Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of plane AA; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 When the contact module in the circuit is in the open state, the edge Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the BB plane; Figure 6 yes Figure 2 When the contact module in the middle is in the closed state, along Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the BB plane; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a contact module provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of a contact module provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of a contact module provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the C-plane; Figure 11 This is a side view of a contact module provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the contact module provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the contact module provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the picture: X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, vertical direction; 100. Output module; 110. Housing; 120. First lead-out terminal; 130. Second lead-out terminal; 200. Contact module; 210. Push rod; 211. Guide post; 220. Moving contact piece; 221. Moving contact part; 222. Positioning groove; 223. Positioning protrusion; 230. Second upper armature; 231. Positioning hole; 240. First upper armature; 250. First lower armature; 260. First elastic element; 270. Second elastic element; 280. Second lower armature; 300. Electromagnetic module; 400. Moving iron core. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, the present invention provides a changeover switch, including an output module 100, a contact module 200, and an electromagnetic module 300. The output module 100 includes a housing 110 and at least one contact group. The contact group includes two upper stationary contacts and two lower stationary contacts fixed to the housing 110, with each upper stationary contact and one lower stationary contact arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction Z. The contact module 200 includes a push rod 210 and a contact plate group. The number of contact plate groups is the same as the number of contact groups and they correspond one-to-one. The push rod 210 can move relative to the output module 100 in the vertical direction Z. The contact plate group includes a first upper armature 240, a movable contact 220, and a first lower armature 250 movably arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction Z on the push rod 210. A second upper armature 230 is provided, and a second lower armature 280 is provided below each second upper armature 230. The contact module 200 has an open state where the moving contact 220 contacts the two upper stationary contacts and an closed state where the moving contact 220 contacts the two lower stationary contacts. When the contact module 200 is in the open state, there is a gap between the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250. When the contact module 200 is in the closed state, the first upper armature 240 contacts the first lower armature 250. The second upper armature 230 and the second lower armature 280, which are spaced apart, form a short-circuit ring. The electromagnetic module 300 is fixed on the outer shell 110 and is used to drive the push rod 210 to move in the vertical direction Z.

[0024] In this embodiment, the changeover switch is applied in the fields of new energy vehicles and energy storage.

[0025] This changeover switch, through two upper stationary contacts and two lower stationary contacts arranged vertically opposite each other in the output module 100, in conjunction with the push rod 210 and contact group arranged vertically in the Z direction in the contact module 200, can reliably switch the moving contact 220 between the open state (i.e., the moving contact 220 is connected to the upper stationary contact) and the closed state (i.e., the moving contact 220 is connected to the lower stationary contact). Thus, the same contact system meets the switching requirements of two load circuits, resulting in a compact structure and small size. In the closed state, the spaced-apart second upper armature 230 and second lower armature 280 form a short-circuit ring, generating a current-related compensating attraction to prevent contact repulsion. Simultaneously, the first upper armature 240 and first lower armature 250 contact and form a magnetic circuit, generating electromagnetic attraction to resist electromagnetic repulsion when a short-circuit current passes through, thus enhancing short-circuit withstand capability. In the open state, a gap exists between the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250, preventing the first lower armature 250 from not pressing against the moving contact 220. This ensures that when a short-circuit current flows, the holding force of the first lower armature 250 against the moving contact 220 acts as a short-circuit compensation force. This achieves short-circuit protection and significantly improves the reliability of the changeover switch in both closed and open states. Furthermore, the electromagnetic module 300, fixed to the housing 110 and driving the push rod 210, enables smooth state switching. Combined with the first upper armature 240, the first lower armature 250, the second upper armature 230, and the second lower armature 280, the overall structure is highly integrated with few moving parts.

[0026] In this embodiment, the short-circuit ring is a conventional setting in the art. Its specific structure and working principle are common knowledge in the art and are well known to those skilled in the art. It is not the focus of this embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second lower armature 280 is located on the bottom wall of the housing 110 and faces the movable contact 220.

[0028] In other embodiments of this example, the outer casing 110 is fixedly connected to a copper busbar, which is connected to the lower stationary contact portion, and the second lower armature 280 is disposed on the copper busbar.

[0029] For example, the contact assembly also includes a first elastic element 260 and a second elastic element 270. The first elastic element 260 is disposed between the first upper armature 240 and the movable contact 220, and the second elastic element 270 is disposed between the first lower armature 250 and the push rod 210. When the contact module 200 is in the open state, the second elastic element 270 pushes the first lower armature 250 to press against the movable contact 220. When the contact module 200 is in the closed state, the first elastic element 260 pushes the movable contact 220 away from the first upper armature 240.

[0030] In the closed state, the first elastic element 260 pushes the moving contact 220 away from the first upper armature 240, providing stable contact pressure; in the open state, the second elastic element 270 pushes the first lower armature 250 against the moving contact 220, ensuring contact pressure. The arrangement of the first elastic element 260 and the second elastic element 270 optimizes the integration of the overall structure and ensures high operational reliability.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first upper armature 240 is pushed upward by the first elastic member 260, which causes the relative position of the first upper armature 240 and the push rod 210 to remain unchanged, thereby ensuring the precise contact between the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250 and ensuring the smooth formation of the magnetic circuit.

[0032] In this embodiment, the movable contact 220 extends along the first direction X; the top of the first lower armature 250 is provided with a first through slot extending along the first direction X, through which the movable contact 220 passes, and the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250 are arranged opposite each other; the bottom of the second upper armature 230 is provided with a second through slot extending along the first direction X, through which the movable contact 220 passes, and the second upper armature 230 and the second lower armature 280 are arranged opposite each other.

[0033] In this embodiment, the bottom of the first upper armature 240 is provided with a third through slot extending along the first direction X. In other embodiments, the third through slot may not be provided.

[0034] The moving contact 220 extends along the first direction X, making it elongated and capable of bridging the stationary contacts on both sides. A third through slot is formed at the bottom of the first upper armature 240, and a first through slot is formed at the top of the first lower armature 250. The moving contact 220 passes through the first through slot, and the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250 are positioned opposite each other. This design allows the short-circuit ring to form a longer magnetic pole surface along the length of the moving contact 220, increasing the effective attraction area and magnetic circuit cross-sectional area under short-circuit current. This enhances the anti-short-circuit compensation force generated when the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250 are attracted during the closing state. Furthermore, the first through slot guides and limits the moving contact 220, ensuring that it is not easily deflected during movement, thus improving the consistency of action and contact reliability.

[0035] In this embodiment, the second lower armature 280 does not have a through slot.

[0036] The second upper armature 230 has a second through slot at its bottom, while the second lower armature 280 does not have a through slot at its top. The moving contact 220 passes through the second through slot, and the second upper armature 230 and the second lower armature 280 are positioned opposite each other. In the closed state, this structure creates a short-circuit ring structure between the second upper armature 230 and the second lower armature 280. Because the second through slot extends along the moving contact 220, it forms a magnetic circuit along the length of the moving contact 220, generating a uniform compensating attraction force that matches the current path, effectively resisting the electro-repulsive force between the contacts. Simultaneously, the moving contact 220 passes through the second through slot, increasing the spacing in the open state, making the attraction force negligible and ensuring it does not affect the opening action. This limiting structure also stabilizes the relative position between the second lower armature 280 and the moving contact 220, ensuring consistent magnetic circuit gaps and more stable short-circuit protection characteristics.

[0037] In other embodiments, the top of the second lower armature 280 is provided with a fourth through slot extending along the first direction X. In the closed state, the above structure enables the second upper armature 230 and the second lower armature 280 to form a short-circuit ring structure. Since the second through slot and the fourth through slot are arranged along the extension direction of the moving contact 220, a magnetic circuit is formed along the length direction of the moving contact 220, which can generate a uniform compensating attraction that matches the current path and effectively resist the electric repulsion between the contacts.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first elastic member 260 is in contact with the center of the movable contact piece 220, and the end of the movable contact piece 220 is provided with a movable contact portion 221, which is used to connect with the upper stationary contact portion or the lower stationary contact portion.

[0039] The first elastic element 260 applies force at the center, which ensures that the moving contact 220 is subjected to balanced force at both ends, guaranteeing uniform contact pressure between the moving contact portions 221 on both sides and the upper or lower stationary contact portion. This avoids inconsistent contact resistance or localized welding due to pressure deviation, thereby improving long-term current carrying capacity and electrical life. This center-forced structure, combined with the end-dip dual-contact layout, facilitates the moving contact 220 to achieve dual-break series or parallel connection, enhancing arc extinguishing and load-bearing capacity.

[0040] Furthermore, the contact assembly includes two second upper armatures 230, which are located on both sides of the first elastic member 260.

[0041] In the closed state, the two second upper armatures 230 and the corresponding second lower armatures 280 form two sets of symmetrically arranged short-circuit ring structures, generating symmetrical electromagnetic compensation forces acting on both sides of the moving contact 220, preventing the moving contact 220 from deflecting due to force on one side, and ensuring that the moving contact 220 can remain stable when subjected to large short-circuit current. The moving contact parts 221 on both sides are reliably pressed against the lower stationary contact part, which greatly improves the short-circuit resistance and operation stability in the closed state.

[0042] like Figures 7 to 11 As shown, in one embodiment, the top of the movable contact 220 is provided with a positioning groove 222, and the second upper armature 230 is embedded in the positioning groove 222. Specifically, the positioning groove 222 is a through groove extending along the second direction Y, and the first direction X, the second direction Y and the vertical direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0043] The second upper armature 230 and the moving contact 220 are fixedly connected as a single unit through an embedding process, avoiding the risk of loosening caused by additional fasteners. This precise positioning allows for accurate control of the gap between the second upper armature 230 and the second lower armature 280, ensuring batch consistency of the short-circuit ring structure characteristics. Simultaneously, it reduces the number of parts and assembly steps, improving production efficiency and operational reliability.

[0044] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, in another embodiment, the top of the movable contact piece 220 is provided with a positioning protrusion 223, and the second upper armature 230 is provided with a positioning hole 231. The positioning protrusion 223 is matched and inserted into the positioning hole 231, so that the second upper armature 230 is fixedly connected to the movable contact piece 220; the first upper armature 240 is fixedly connected to the push rod 210.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figures 1 to 13 For example, the push rod 210 is fixedly connected to a guide post 211 extending in the vertical direction Z. The number of guide posts 211 is the same as the number of contact pieces and they correspond one-to-one. The guide post 211 passes through the first upper armature 240, the first elastic member 260, the movable contact piece 220, the first lower armature 250 and the second elastic member 270, and slides with the first upper armature 240, the movable contact piece 220 and the first lower armature 250.

[0046] The guide post 211 provides a unified vertical guide reference for the first upper armature 240, the first elastic element 260, the moving contact 220, the first lower armature 250, and the second elastic element 270, ensuring coaxial movement of all components and effectively preventing the moving contact 220 from twisting or skewing. This results in precise alignment of the moving and stationary contacts and stable contact pressure. Simultaneously, the compression of the first elastic element 260 or the second elastic element 270 during opening and closing, as well as the alignment of the first upper armature 240 and the first lower armature 250, are constrained by the guide post 211, ensuring smooth operation, reducing the risk of movement jamming, and improving the mechanical life of the changeover switch.

[0047] Specifically, both the first elastic element 260 and the second elastic element 270 are compression springs.

[0048] In one embodiment of this example, the contact group is provided with at least two, and the output module 100 further includes a first lead-out terminal 120 and a second lead-out terminal 130. There are two first lead-out terminals 120, and the number of second lead-out terminals 130 is twice the number of contact groups. The two lower stationary contact portions in the contact group are respectively provided on the two first lead-out terminals 120, and each upper stationary contact portion is provided on one second lead-out terminal 130.

[0049] In another embodiment of this example, the contact group is provided with at least two, and the output module 100 further includes a first lead-out terminal 120 and a second lead-out terminal 130. There are two first lead-out terminals 120, and the number of second lead-out terminals 130 is twice the number of contact groups. The two upper stationary contact portions in the contact group are respectively provided on the two first lead-out terminals 120, and each lower stationary contact portion is provided on one second lead-out terminal 130.

[0050] By placing the two lower stationary contacts in the same contact group on the two first leads 120 respectively, and placing each upper stationary contact on a second lead 130 (or vice versa), multiple moving contacts 220 can be connected in parallel between the two first leads 120 in the closed state. This parallel connection of multiple contacts significantly reduces the contact resistance and current loss of the large load circuit, improves the large load carrying capacity, and meets the requirements of high current conditions. In the open state, each moving contact 220 can independently connect its corresponding second lead 130, forming multiple small load circuits that are mutually insulated and independent. This allows for the safe switching of one large load and multiple small loads in a single transfer switch, with clear switching logic, simple external wiring, and high equipment integration. Another configuration scheme in this embodiment (upper stationary contact connected to the first lead 120, lower stationary contact connected to the second lead 130) provides the opposite switching correspondence, achieving the same technical effect, and will not be elaborated further here. The above two different layout methods improve the flexibility of the transfer switch.

[0051] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic module 300 includes a bistable magnetic circuit structure, and a moving iron core 400 is fixedly connected to the push rod 210. The bistable magnetic circuit structure is used to drive the moving iron core 400.

[0052] By utilizing the permanent magnet in the bistable magnetic circuit structure to provide holding force, the moving iron core 400 can achieve magnetic self-locking in both the open and closed terminal positions. It does not require continuous power supply to maintain the state. The coil is energized only at the moment of performing the switching action, and the power is immediately cut off after the switching is completed, thereby reducing the standby power consumption to almost zero.

[0053] In this embodiment, the bistable magnetic circuit structure is a conventional configuration in the art, and its specific structure and working principle are common knowledge in the art and well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, it is not the focus of this embodiment and will not be elaborated upon here. The above limitations are highly suitable for application scenarios in new energy vehicles and energy storage systems where switching frequency is low but energy-saving requirements are high. This significantly reduces the overall energy consumption of the system and avoids heat generation caused by long-term coil energization, thus improving long-term operational reliability.

[0054] For example, the output module 100 also includes a permanent magnet surrounding all the contact groups, the permanent magnet being used to extinguish the arc by magnetic blowout.

[0055] The permanent magnet generates a magnetic field that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the electric arc. When the moving contact 220 breaks the contact with the stationary contact and generates an arc, the arc is rapidly elongated, cooled, and pushed away from the contact area by the Lorentz force under the action of the magnetic field, thus extinguishing it quickly. The structure of using permanent magnets to surround all contact groups allows each circuit to share the same efficient magnetic blowout arc extinguishing system when it is broken. This achieves effective arc extinguishing under all operating conditions in a compact space, significantly improving the switching capacity, electrical life, and safety of the transfer switch, without consuming additional electrical energy, which complements the bistable low-power design.

[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A changeover switch, characterized in that, include: The output module (100) includes a housing (110) and at least one contact group, the contact group including two upper stationary contacts and two lower stationary contacts fixed to the housing (110), each of the upper stationary contacts being disposed opposite to one of the lower stationary contacts in the vertical direction (Z); The contact module (200) includes a push rod (210) and a contact plate group. The number of contact plate groups is the same as the number of contact points and they correspond one-to-one. The push rod (210) can move relative to the output module (100) along the vertical direction (Z). The contact plate group includes a first upper armature (240), a movable contact plate (220), and a first lower armature (250) that are movably disposed on the push rod (210) from top to bottom along the vertical direction (Z). The movable contact plate (220) is provided with a second upper armature (230). A second lower armature (280) is provided below each second upper armature (230). The contact module (200) has an open state where the moving contact (220) contacts the two upper stationary contacts and a closed state where the moving contact (220) contacts the two lower stationary contacts. When the contact module (200) is in the open state, there is a gap between the first upper armature (240) and the first lower armature (250). When the contact module (200) is in the closed state, the first upper armature (240) contacts the first lower armature (250), and the second upper armature (230) and the second lower armature (280) which are spaced apart form a short-circuit ring. An electromagnetic module (300) is fixed to the outer casing (110) and is used to drive the push rod (210) to move along the vertical direction (Z).

2. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact assembly further includes a first elastic element (260) and a second elastic element (270). The first elastic element (260) is disposed between the first upper armature (240) and the movable contact (220), and the second elastic element (270) is disposed between the first lower armature (250) and the push rod (210). When the contact module (200) is in the open state, the second elastic element (270) pushes the first lower armature (250) to press against the movable contact (220). When the contact module (200) is in the closed state, the first elastic element (260) pushes the movable contact (220) away from the first upper armature (240).

3. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable contact (220) extends along the first direction (X); the top of the first lower armature (250) is provided with a first through slot extending along the first direction (X), the movable contact (220) passes through the first through slot, the first upper armature (240) and the first lower armature (250) are arranged opposite each other; the bottom of the second upper armature (230) is provided with a second through slot extending along the first direction (X), the movable contact (220) passes through the second through slot, the second upper armature (230) and the second lower armature (280) are arranged opposite each other.

4. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second lower armature (280) is located on the bottom wall of the housing (110) facing the movable contact piece (220); or, The outer casing (110) is fixedly connected to a copper busbar, which is connected to the lower stationary contact portion, and the second lower armature (280) is disposed on the copper busbar.

5. The changeover switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic member (260) is in contact with the center of the movable contact piece (220), and the end of the movable contact piece (220) is provided with a movable contact portion (221), which is used to connect with the upper stationary contact portion or the lower stationary contact portion.

6. The changeover switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact assembly includes two second upper armatures (230), which are located on both sides of the first elastic member (260). The top of the movable contact (220) is provided with a positioning groove (222), and the second upper armature (230) is embedded in the positioning groove (222).

7. The changeover switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The push rod (210) is fixedly connected to a guide post (211) extending along the vertical direction (Z). The number of guide posts (211) is the same as the number of contact pieces and they correspond one-to-one. The guide post (211) passes through the first upper armature (240), the first elastic element (260), the movable contact piece (220), the first lower armature (250) and the second elastic element (270), and slides with the first upper armature (240), the movable contact piece (220) and the first lower armature (250).

8. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact group has at least two contacts, and the output module (100) further includes a first lead-out (120) and a second lead-out (130). The first lead-out (120) has two contacts, and the number of the second lead-out (130) is twice the number of the contact group. The two lower stationary contact portions in the contact group are respectively disposed on the two first leads (120), and each upper stationary contact portion is disposed on one of the second leads (130); or, The two upper stationary contact portions in the contact group are respectively disposed on the two first leads (120), and each lower stationary contact portion is disposed on a second lead (130).

9. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic module (300) includes a bistable magnetic circuit structure, and a moving iron core (400) is fixedly connected to the push rod (210). The bistable magnetic circuit structure is used to drive the moving iron core (400).

10. The changeover switch according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The output module (100) also includes a permanent magnet surrounding all of the contact groups, the permanent magnet being used to extinguish arcs by magnetic blowout.

Images