Optical laminate, transfer laminate, polarizing plate, display panel, and image display device

Abstract

An optical laminate having a positive A layer and an alignment layer / ultraviolet absorbing layer directly connected to the positive A layer, wherein the optical laminate has a transmittance of 1.0% or less at a wavelength of 380 nm and a transmittance of 20.0% or less at a wavelength of 400 nm, and the alignment layer / ultraviolet absorbing layer contains a region in which a liquid crystalline component contained in the positive A layer is penetrated at an interface on the positive A layer side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an optical laminate, a transfer laminate, a polarizer, a display panel, and an image display device in which the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer are directly connected to the positive A layer, wherein the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is a single layer and has the functions of both an alignment layer and an ultraviolet absorption layer. Background Technology

[0002] As optical laminates used in image display devices, there are retardation plates that utilize retardation layers to impart a desired phase difference to incident light. For example, in organic electroluminescent (organic EL) display devices, a quarter-wavelength retardation plate is used as a circular polarizer in combination with a linear polarizer, functioning as an external light reflection prevention film. Furthermore, in liquid crystal display devices such as IPS displays, to improve contrast relative to the viewing angle from an oblique direction, a retardation plate composed of a positive A layer with positive A characteristics and a positive C layer with positive C characteristics is used as part of a polarizer compensation film.

[0003] On the other hand, for optical laminates used in image display devices, ultraviolet absorption function is required in order to block blue light to suppress eye damage and improve the light resistance of optical laminates.

[0004] In the past, the ultraviolet absorption layer, as a layer with a different phase difference and orientation than the positive A layer, was stacked with an adhesive layer in between (e.g., Patent Document 1).

[0005] As display devices become thinner, there is a growing demand for optical laminates such as retardation plates to achieve even thinner profiles while maintaining performance, as well as more efficient manufacturing processes.

[0006] It is described that ultraviolet absorbers can be added as additives appropriately selected for use in alignment film compositions. However, it is also described that additives such as ultraviolet absorbers can be added to a degree that does not significantly reduce the alignment ability of the liquid crystal (e.g., Patent Document 2).

[0007] Patent document 3 describes an optical laminate having a positive A layer and an ultraviolet absorbing layer in contact with the positive A layer, wherein the ultraviolet absorbing layer is an alignment layer used for the positive A layer.

[0008] Existing technical documents

[0009] Patent documents

[0010] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 7259232

[0011] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 5504601

[0012] Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-189224 Summary of the Invention

[0013] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0014] To impart excellent ultraviolet (UV) absorption capabilities to optical laminates, the following problems arise when fabricating optical laminates such as UV-absorbing layers / adhesive layers / alignment layers / positive A-layers by stacking additional UV-absorbing layers: thin-film fabrication has limitations, the number of processes increases, resulting in low productivity; and the optical laminate exhibits poor adhesion, particularly under high humidity and temperature conditions (hereinafter referred to as "humid-heat adhesion"). Poor adhesion and humid-heat adhesion can lead to the following problems: environmental changes on the production line where the optical laminate is bonded to the polarizing element, or when the image display device is placed in a high-humidity environment, can easily cause peeling.

[0015] On the other hand, the amount of ultraviolet absorber added to the alignment layer of the thin film used in the positive A layer of Patent Document 3 is small, resulting in insufficient ultraviolet absorption function as an optical laminate. Furthermore, improvements in the adhesion and humid-thermal adhesion of the optical laminate are also required.

[0016] This disclosure was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its primary object is to provide an optical laminate, a transfer laminate, a polarizer, a display panel, and an image display device that have excellent ultraviolet absorption capabilities and improved sealing and humid heat sealing, which is conducive to thin-film production and increased productivity.

[0017] Furthermore, this disclosure was made in view of the aforementioned problems, and its second objective is to provide optical laminates, transfer laminates, polarizers, display panels, and image display devices that have excellent ultraviolet absorption capabilities and excellent moisture and heat adhesion, which are conducive to thin-film formation and productivity improvement.

[0018] Methods for solving problems

[0019] To achieve the first objective, this disclosure includes the following first methods [1] to

[15] .

[0020] [1] An optical laminate comprising a positive A layer and an orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%. The alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer includes a region at the interface of the positive A layer permeated with liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer.

[0021] [2] According to the optical laminate described in [1] above, in the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, there is a relatively large amount of light orientation component at the interface of the positive A layer compared with the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0022] [3] According to the optical stack described in [1] or [2] above, when the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer are analyzed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), the following formula (A) is satisfied.

[0023] Formula (A): I AU >1.3×I SU

[0024] (In equation (A), I) AU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the positive A-layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0025] I SU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer that is not connected to the positive A layer.

[0026] It should be noted that the "secondary ion intensity originating from the photo-oriented component" detected by TOF-SIMS in this manual refers to the intensity of fragment ions originating from the photo-oriented component.

[0027] [4] The optical laminate according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the composite elastic modulus of the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer is 3.0 GPa or more and 6.5 GPa or less.

[0028] [5] The optical laminate according to any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the surface free energy of the positive A layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is less than the surface free energy of the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0029] [6] A transfer laminate having a support that peelably supports the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer on the side of the optical laminate described in any one of [1] to [5] above, the transfer laminate being used for transferring the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0030] [7] A polarizer comprising an optical laminate and a polarizing element as described in any one of [1] to [5] above.

[0031] [8] A polarizer comprising an optical laminate as described in any one of [1] to [5] above, including a polarizing element and a transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

[0032] [9] A display panel having an optical laminate as described in any one of [1] to [5] on the light emitting surface of the display element.

[0033]

[10] According to the display panel described above [9], the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is located on a side further away from the display element than the positive A layer.

[0034]

[11] A display panel having a polarizer as described above [8] on the light emitting surface of the display element.

[0035]

[12] According to the display panel described in

[11] above, the optical stack is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element.

[0036]

[13] According to the display panel described in

[11] above, the polarizing element is located on a side further away from the display element than the optical laminate.

[0037]

[14] According to the display panel described in

[11] above, the optical laminate is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element, and with the polarizing element as a reference, the optical laminate or positive A layer described in any one of [1] to [5] above is provided on the opposite side of the optical laminate.

[0038]

[15] An image display device comprising a display panel as described in any one of [9] to

[14] above.

[0039] To achieve the second objective, this disclosure includes the following second methods

[16] to

[30] .

[0040]

[16] An optical laminate comprising a positive A layer and an orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%, satisfying the following condition (1).

[0041] Condition (1): The change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe at a wavelength of 550nm before and after the damp heat resistance test (temperature 60℃, relative humidity 95%, 500 hours) of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer is less than 3.0nm.

[0042]

[17] The optical laminate described in

[16] above also satisfies the following condition (2).

[0043] Condition (2): After the wet heat resistance test (temperature 60°C, relative humidity 95%, 500 hours) of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer, when the adhesion of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated by the following adhesion test, the number of unpeeled grids in the grid pattern is more than 95%.

[0044] (Seamless Test)

[0045] In JIS K5600-5-6:1999, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is changed from 6 to 11, and the peeling of the tape in step 7.2.6 is changed to repeating the process 5 times each time using a new tape. In addition, according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999, under the condition that the number of cuts in each direction of the grid pattern is 11 and the cut interval is 1mm, cuts are made from the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer side to the positive A layer, and the adhesion between the positive A layer and the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated.

[0046]

[18] According to the optical laminate described in

[16] or

[17] above, the ultraviolet absorber contained in the orientation film and ultraviolet absorbing layer is an ultraviolet absorbing polymer.

[0047]

[19] The optical laminate according to any one of

[16] to

[18] above, wherein, in the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, there is a relatively greater light orientation component at the interface of the positive A layer compared to the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0048]

[20] The optical laminate according to any one of

[16] to

[19] above, wherein when the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer are analyzed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), the following formula (A) is satisfied.

[0049] Formula (A): I AU >1.3×I SU

[0050] (In equation (A), I) AU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the positive A-layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0051] I SUThis represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer that is not connected to the positive A layer.

[0052]

[21] A transfer laminate having a support that peelably supports the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer on the side of the optical laminate described in any of

[16] to

[20] above, the transfer laminate being used for transferring the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0053]

[22] A polarizer comprising the optical laminate and polarizing element described in any one of

[16] to

[20] above.

[0054]

[23] A polarizer comprising an optical laminate as described in any one of

[16] to

[20] above, including a polarizing element and a transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

[0055]

[24] A display panel having an optical laminate as described in any one of

[16] to

[20] on the light emitting surface of the display element.

[0056]

[25] According to the display panel described above

[24] , the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is located on a side further away from the display element than the positive A layer.

[0057]

[26] A display panel having a polarizer as described above

[23] on the light emitting surface of the display element.

[0058]

[27] According to the display panel described above

[26] , the optical stack is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element.

[0059]

[28] According to the display panel described above

[26] , the polarizing element is located on a side further away from the display element than the optical laminate.

[0060]

[29] According to the display panel described in

[26] above, the optical laminate is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element, and with the polarizing element as a reference, the optical laminate or positive A layer described in any one of

[16] to

[20] above is provided on the opposite side of the optical laminate.

[0061]

[30] An image display device comprising a display panel as described in any one of

[24] to

[29] above.

[0062] Invention Effects

[0063] The first disclosure describes the effects of providing optical laminates, transfer laminates, polarizers, display panels, and image display devices that offer excellent ultraviolet absorption capabilities, improved sealing and hygrothermal sealing, and facilitate thin-film production and increased productivity.

[0064] The second disclosure describes the effects of providing optical laminates, transfer laminates, polarizers, display panels, and image display devices that offer excellent ultraviolet absorption and excellent moisture and heat adhesion, and facilitate thin-film production and increased productivity. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the optical laminate of this disclosure.

[0066] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the optical laminate of this disclosure.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of fabricating a sample of the optical laminate of this disclosure by cutting along an inclined direction from the surface of the positive A layer to the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0068] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the transfer laminate of this disclosure.

[0069] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view is shown to illustrate an example of the polarizer of this disclosure.

[0070] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the polarizer disclosed herein.

[0071] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the polarizer disclosed herein.

[0072] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the polarizer disclosed herein.

[0073] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0074] Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0075] Figure 11 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0076] Figure 12 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0077] Figure 13 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0078] Figure 14 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0079] Figure 15 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to illustrate another example of the display panel of this disclosure.

[0080] Figure 16 A schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the optical laminate disclosed in the second book.

[0081] Figure 17 A schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the optical laminate disclosed in the second book.

[0082] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of creating a sample of the optical laminate disclosed in the second book, where the surface of the positive A layer is cut along an inclined direction to the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not connected to the positive A layer.

[0083] Figure 19 A schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a transfer laminate disclosed in the second book.

[0084] Figure 20 A schematic cross-sectional view is shown to illustrate an example of the polarizer disclosed in the second publication.

[0085] Figure 21 A schematic cross-sectional view is shown to illustrate another example of the polarizer disclosed in the second publication. Detailed Implementation

[0086] Hereinafter, embodiments and examples of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in many different ways and is not limited to the description of the embodiments and examples illustrated below. Furthermore, in order to make the explanation clearer, the drawings sometimes schematically show the width, thickness, shape, etc. of various parts compared to the actual embodiment; however, these are merely examples and do not limit the interpretation of the present disclosure. Additionally, in this specification and the various drawings, the same reference numerals are sometimes used for elements that are the same as those described with respect to previously presented figures, and detailed descriptions are appropriately omitted. Furthermore, for ease of explanation, phrases such as "above" or "below" are sometimes used, but the up / down direction can be reversed.

[0087] "In this specification, when a component or region is located 'above (or below)' other components or regions, unless otherwise specified, this includes not only the case where it is located directly above (or directly below) other components, but also the case where it is located above (or below) other components, that is, the case where other constituent elements are included between the above (or below) other components."

[0088] In this disclosure, (meth)acrylic acid refers to acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and (meth)acrylate refers to acrylate or methacrylate.

[0089] Furthermore, in this specification, the terms "plate," "sheet," and "membrane" are not distinguished from each other solely based on different names. "Membrane surface (plate surface, sheet surface)" refers to the surface that is aligned with the planar direction of the membrane-like (plate-like, sheet-like) component that is the object when viewed as a whole and globally.

[0090] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the "~" signifying a numerical range is used to encompass the numerical values ​​preceding and following it as both the lower and upper limits.

[0091] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the term "alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer" refers to a layer that exhibits a specified ultraviolet absorption capability and has the ability to orient directly stacked liquid crystal materials; in other words, it can be described as "an ultraviolet absorption layer that imparts liquid crystal alignment capability." Additionally, in this disclosure, the "alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer" is a single layer that also functions as an alignment layer; in other words, it can be described as "an ultraviolet absorption layer that functions as an alignment layer."

[0092] In this disclosure, the "in-plane phase difference at wavelength λ nm" is sometimes expressed as "Re(λ)", and the "out-of-plane (thickness direction) phase difference at wavelength λ nm" is expressed as "Rth(λ)". Unless otherwise specified, the wavelength λ is set to 550 nm.

[0093] The in-plane phase difference (Re) and out-of-plane phase difference (Rth) can be calculated from Nx, Ny, Nz and the thickness d (nm) of the phase difference layer using the following formula.

[0094] In-plane phase difference (Re) = (Nx - Ny) × d

[0095] Out-of-plane phase difference (Rth) = ((Nx + Ny) / 2 - Nz) × d

[0096] In this disclosure, the in-plane phase difference (Re) and out-of-plane phase difference (Rth) of the optical laminate or phase difference layer are values ​​measured at wavelength λ in a phase difference measuring device (KOBRA-WR, manufactured by Oji Mecha Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0097] When using KOBRA-WR to measure in-plane phase difference (Re), the measurement shall be performed according to (A1) to (A2) below.

[0098] (A1) First, to stabilize the KOBRA-WR light source, turn on the light source and let it stand for more than 60 minutes. Then, select a wavelength plate for measurement to obtain the data of the reference analyzer.

[0099] (A2) Using the incident angle dependence (N calculated separately), the measurement conditions are set as follows for measurement.

[0100] (Measurement conditions)

[0101] • Measurement mode: Standard

[0102] • Tilt center angle: fast axis

[0103] • Angle of incidence: 0°

[0104] • Average number of measurements: 3

[0105] • Average refractive index of the layer being measured: Input the measured value (average refractive index) obtained using an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) with sodium D line (589nm) as the light source, according to JIS K7142.

[0106] • Thickness: Thickness measured using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)

[0107] In this disclosure, the refractive indices Nx, Ny, and Nz are measured using an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Corporation, NAR-4T) and a sodium lamp (λ=589nm) as the light source. Furthermore, when measuring wavelength dependence, a multi-wavelength Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Corporation, DR-M2) combined with an interference filter is used for measurement.

[0108] In the present disclosure, the positive A layer refers to a layer that satisfies the relationship of Nx>Ny≈Nz when the refractive index in the X-axis direction, which is the axial direction with the highest refractive index in the plane of the layer, is set as Nx, the refractive index in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis in the plane of the layer is set as Ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction of the layer is set as Nz. In addition, the above-mentioned "≈" includes not only the case where the two are exactly the same, but also the case where the two are substantially the same. "Substantially the same" means that the case where (Ny - Nz)×d (where d is the thickness of the film) is -8 nm to 8 nm is also included in "Ny≈Nz". (Ny - Nz)×d is preferably -5 nm to 5 nm.

[0109] In addition, in the present disclosure, the positive C layer refers to a layer that satisfies the relationship of Nx≈Ny <Nz. It should be noted that the above-mentioned "≈" includes not only the case where the two are exactly the same, but also the case where the two are substantially the same. "Substantially the same" means that the case where (Nx - Ny)×d (where d is the thickness of the film) is 0 nm to 3 nm is also included in "Nx≈Ny". (Nx - Ny)×d is preferably 0 nm to 2 nm.

[0110] I. First disclosure

[0111] I-A. Optical laminate

[0112] The present disclosure provides an optical laminate including a positive A layer and an alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer directly adjacent to the positive A layer, where the transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is 1.0% or less, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is 20.0% or less, and the alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer includes a region penetrated by the liquid crystalline component contained in the positive A layer at the interface on the positive A layer side.

[0113] Figure 1 and Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the optical laminate of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The optical laminate 10 illustrated in includes a positive A layer 2 and an alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer 1 directly adjacent to the positive A layer 2, and a region (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "penetration region") 3 penetrated by the liquid crystalline component contained in the positive A layer is included in the alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer 1.

[0114] The optical laminate of the present disclosure may further include a substrate. Figure 2 The optical laminate 10 illustrated in includes an alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer 1 directly adjacent to the substrate 4 on the substrate 4 and a positive A layer 2 directly adjacent to the alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer 1, and a region 3 penetrated by the liquid crystalline component contained in the positive A layer is included in the alignment layer / ultraviolet absorber layer 1.

[0115] One embodiment of the optical laminate may sequentially laminate an alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1, a positive A layer 2, and other functional layers. The alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 and the positive A layer 2 may, for example, be laminated with other positive C layers and positive A layers using an adhesive (not shown).

[0116] Furthermore, in the optical laminate of this disclosure, from the perspective of reducing the thickness after manufacturing, by peeling off the substrate 4 after manufacturing, it is possible to achieve the following: Figure 1 That does not contain a base material.

[0117] To determine whether there is a region in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 that contains liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer, a gas cluster ion beam is used to etch from the surface of the positive A layer along the thickness direction of the layer, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) is used to determine the layer thickness direction distribution of fragment ions of liquid crystal components originating from the positive A layer and fragment ions of photo-orientation components contained in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0118] The analysis of the layer thickness distribution was performed repeatedly using the following series of operations: After performing compositional analysis in the surface depth region of 1 nm to 2 nm, a gas cluster ion beam was used to drill 10 nm in the layer thickness direction, followed by compositional analysis in the next surface depth region of 1 nm to 2 nm. Based on the layer thickness measurement results using STEM, the above repeated operation was started after drilling from the surface of the positive A layer to 80% of the layer thickness. In the layer thickness distribution, regions infiltrated with the liquid crystal component were identified as those where fragment ions originating from the liquid crystal component of the positive A layer and fragment ions originating from the photo-alignment component contained in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer were detected.

[0119] More specifically, etching was performed using an argon cluster ion beam (Ar-GCIB) gun (15kV, 2.5nA, 500×500μm) while the primary ion was set to Bi3. ++ The accelerating voltage was set to 30kV for time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis.

[0120] In addition, based on the thickness measurement results of the positive A layer and the alignment layer that also absorbs ultraviolet light, the thickness of the permeation region is calculated according to the partial distribution of fragment ions from both the liquid crystal component originating from the positive A layer and the photo-orientation component contained in the alignment layer that also absorbs ultraviolet light.

[0121] From the perspective of improving sealing and heat-resistant sealing, the thickness of the permeation zone can be above 30nm or above 50nm.

[0122] On the other hand, from the viewpoint of liquid crystal alignment capability near the permeation region, the thickness of the permeation region can be less than 100 nm, less than 80 nm, or less than 60 nm.

[0123] The optical laminate disclosed herein is an optical laminate having a positive A layer and an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer directly connected to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%. The alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer includes a region on the side interface of the positive A layer in which liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer are permeated, thereby exhibiting excellent ultraviolet absorption capability and improved adhesion, especially hygrothermal adhesion, which is conducive to thin-film production and increased productivity.

[0124] In the optical laminate disclosed herein, the alignment layer, which also serves as an ultraviolet-absorbing layer, directly adhering to the positive A layer, contains a large amount of ultraviolet absorber to exhibit predetermined ultraviolet absorption characteristics. At the interface of the positive A layer, the hardness is controlled in such a manner that it includes regions permeated with the liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer. It is thus presumed that, through ultraviolet irradiation during the formation of the positive A layer on the alignment layer and ultraviolet-absorbing layer, the optical laminate of this disclosure can utilize the heat generated by the large amount of ultraviolet absorber to promote the curing reaction of the liquid crystal components in the permeated regions, resulting in a more robust bond between the two layers at the permeated regions, thus obtaining a laminate with high adhesion. Furthermore, it is presumed that through the synergistic effect of "utilizing the protective function under humid and hot conditions provided by the large amount of ultraviolet absorber, and suppressing fluctuations in the liquid crystal components at the interface caused by humid and hot conditions," the humid and hot adhesion is also improved.

[0125] The optical laminate disclosed herein has excellent ultraviolet absorption capabilities, thus it can block blue light and inhibit eye damage, and improve the light resistance of the optical laminate.

[0126] In addition, the optical laminate disclosed herein directly laminates the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer with good adhesion, eliminating the need for UV absorption layers that are laminated in different layers as in the past. Therefore, the thickness can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be made more efficient, increasing productivity.

[0127] For the optical laminate of this disclosure, there may be a relatively larger light orientation component at the interface of the positive A layer compared to the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer in the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0128] In the thickness direction of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer, if the photo-alignment component is relatively abundant at the interface of the positive A layer, then even if the photo-alignment component is small in quantity, it will be sufficiently present on the surface of the positive A layer, thus enabling the liquid crystal alignment capability of the positive A layer to be horizontally aligned. On the other hand, the side of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer can contain a large amount of UV absorber, thereby exhibiting excellent UV absorption capability.

[0129] In the thickness direction of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer, if the photo-alignment component is predominantly present at the interface of the positive A layer, it is possible to achieve both excellent alignment capability and excellent UV absorption capability at the positive A layer side with a thinner film. Furthermore, if the photo-alignment component is predominantly present at the interface of the positive A layer, it exhibits excellent alignment capability, thus allowing the manufacturing process of the positive A layer to be adjusted to milder conditions. In addition, if the photo-alignment component is predominantly present at the interface of the positive A layer, it has the advantage that the liquid crystal alignment capability is not easily compromised when a third additive is added to the alignment layer / UV absorption layer for further functional additions.

[0130] The components contained in the optical laminate are described in detail below.

[0131] 1. Orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0132] The alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 disclosed herein is a layer that exhibits the specified ultraviolet absorption capability, and is directly connected to the positive A layer 2 through the permeation region 3, thus also having the liquid crystal alignment capability to make the positive A layer horizontally aligned.

[0133] The orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 disclosed herein may contain a photo-orienting component and an ultraviolet absorber.

[0134] The orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 disclosed herein is not particularly limited. From the perspective of easily satisfying the above-mentioned characteristics, it can be a cured product of a thermosetting composition comprising a photooriented component, an ultraviolet absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent. At least one of the photooriented component and the ultraviolet absorber may have a thermal crosslinking group capable of reacting with the thermal crosslinking agent. The ultraviolet absorber typically contains hydroxyl groups that function as thermal crosslinking groups. From the perspectives of photooriented properties and inhibition of exudation, as well as improving hygrothermal adhesion, both the photooriented component and the ultraviolet absorber may have thermal crosslinking groups.

[0135] When the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer 1 is a cured product of a thermosetting composition comprising a photo-orientation component, a UV absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent, its crosslinking structure improves the film's heat resistance, solvent resistance, and durability. Compared to a cured product of a photocurable composition, the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer 1 is less prone to hardening and more easily becomes flexible, making curing easier to control. Therefore, while suppressing solvent penetration that reduces orientation, it is easy to form a penetration region at the interface with the directly laminated positive A layer. Furthermore, through the curing of the UV absorber, the photo-orientation component is fixed on the surface of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer, and is less prone to disorder under the formation conditions of the positive A layer. Thus, by irradiating the surface of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer with polarized light, the photo-orientation component easily enables the cured film to function as an orientation layer and also as a UV absorbing layer.

[0136] Furthermore, when the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 is a cured product of a thermosetting composition containing a photooriented component, an ultraviolet absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent, the optical laminate of this disclosure can directly laminate the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer with the positive A layer with good adhesion, which can reduce the thickness, and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer can easily have moderate flexibility, thus making it easy to have good bending resistance.

[0137] 1-1. Photooriented components

[0138] Examples of photo-orienting components include compounds containing photo-orienting groups as orientation portions, or polymers having photo-orienting constituent units containing photo-orienting groups in their side chains.

[0139] From the perspective that even when mixed with a UV absorber, the photoorientation of the orientation layer and UV absorber 1 is easily improved, and the solubility in solvents is good, a photoorientation polymer having photoorientation constituent units containing photoorientation groups in the side chains can be used.

[0140] As a photooriented component, in order to be relatively abundant in the positive A layer side interface and easily biased to the surface when mixed with an ultraviolet absorber to form an orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, it can have a second site that promotes bias to the surface, or it can be a compound having a photooriented group and a second site that promotes bias to the surface.

[0141] As a photooriented component, based on the fact that when mixed with an ultraviolet absorber to form an orientation layer that is also an ultraviolet absorbing layer, it tends to be biased towards the surface in a relatively large manner at the positive A layer side interface, and the photooriented properties tend to be good, it can be a photooriented copolymer containing a photooriented constitutive unit with a photooriented group in the side chain and a second constitutive unit that promotes bias towards the surface.

[0142] As a photo-orienting component, from the perspective of improving the photo-orientation of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, it can further have thermal crosslinking groups, or it can be a compound having photo-orienting groups, a second site that promotes deviation towards the surface, and thermal crosslinking groups.

[0143] The photooriented copolymer used in this disclosure can be a photooriented copolymer having a photooriented constituent unit having a photooriented group in the side chain, a second constituent unit that promotes deviation toward the surface, and a thermally crosslinked constituent unit having a thermally crosslinked group in the side chain.

[0144] The following describes each constituent unit of the photooriented copolymer.

[0145] (1) Photooriented constitutive unit

[0146] The photo-orientation constituent unit of the present invention is a region exhibiting anisotropy by generating a photoreaction through illumination. Preferably, the photoreaction is a photodimerization reaction or a photoisomerization reaction. That is, the photo-orientation constituent unit is a photodimer constituent unit exhibiting anisotropy by generating a photodimerization reaction through illumination, or a photoisomerization constituent unit exhibiting anisotropy by generating a photoisomerization reaction through illumination.

[0147] The photo-orientation constituent unit contains a photo-orientation group in its side chain. As described above, the photo-orientation group is a functional group that exhibits anisotropy by generating a photoreaction under light, and is preferably a functional group that generates a photodimerization reaction or a photoisomerization reaction.

[0148] Examples of photo-orienting groups that generate photodimerization reactions include cinnamyl, chalcone, coumarin, anthracene, quinolinyl, azophenyl, and piracene. The benzene ring in these functional groups may optionally have substituents. Substituents can be any groups that do not hinder the photodimerization reaction; examples include alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxyl, halogen atoms, trifluoromethyl, and cyano groups.

[0149] The photo-orienting group that generates the photoisomerization reaction is preferably one that generates a cis-trans isomerization reaction, such as cinnamyl, chalcone, azophenyl, piracene, etc. The benzene ring in these functional groups may optionally have substituents. Substituents are acceptable as long as they do not hinder the photoisomerization reaction, such as alkoxy, alkyl, halogen atoms, trifluoromethyl, cyano, etc.

[0150] The photo-orientation group is preferably cinnamoyl. Specifically, the cinnamoyl group is preferably at least one selected from the groups represented by the following formulas (x-1) and (x-2).

[0151] [Chemical Formula 1]

[0152] Equation (x-1)

[0153] Equation (x-2)

[0154] In the above equation (x-1), R 1 The symbol represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms. The alkyl, aryl, and cycloalkyl groups may be bonded via ether bonds, ester bonds, amide bonds, or urea bonds, and may optionally contain substituents. R 2 ~R 5 Each of the following groups independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a cyano group. The alkyl, aryl, and cycloalkyl groups may be bonded via ether, ester, amide, or urea bonds, and may optionally contain substituents. R 6 and R 7 Each can independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0155] In addition, in the above equation (x-2), R 1 ~R 5 Each of the following groups independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a cyano group. The alkyl, aryl, and cycloalkyl groups may be bonded via ether, ester, amide, or urea bonds, and may optionally contain substituents. R 6 and R 7 Each can independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

[0156] It should be noted that when the photo-orientation group is cinnamoyl and is the group represented by the above formula (x-1), the benzene ring of the styrene skeleton (formula (1-2)) contained in the monomer unit can become the benzene ring of cinnamoyl.

[0157] Furthermore, the cinnamyl group represented by the above formula (x-1) is more preferably the group represented by the following formula (x-3).

[0158] [Chemical Formula 2]

[0159] (x-3)

[0160] In the above equation (x-3), R 2 ~R 7 Same as equation (x-1) above. R 8 This indicates a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group (1-18 carbon atoms), a cyano group, an alkyl group (1-18 carbon atoms), a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a cyclohexyl group. Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, and cyclohexyl groups can be bonded via ether, ester, amide, or urea bonds. n represents 1-5, 3. 8 Bonding can occur at adjacent, intermediate, or contralateral sites. When n is 2–5, R 8 They can be the same or different. Preferably, n is 1, and R... 8 Bonding at the alignment.

[0161] When the photo-alignment group is at least one selected from the groups represented by formulas (x-3) and (x-2) above, the aromatic ring is positioned near the end of the photo-alignment constitutive unit and contains more π electrons. It is believed that this increases the affinity with the liquid crystal layer formed on the alignment layer, improves the liquid crystal alignment ability, and enhances the adhesion to the liquid crystal layer.

[0162] Examples of monomeric units constituting photo-orientation units include acrylates, methacrylates, styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleimide, vinyl ether, and vinyl esters. Among these, acrylates, methacrylates, and styrene are preferred in terms of ease of raw material supply.

[0163] As a light orientation constitutive unit of the present invention, the constitutive unit represented by the following formula (1) can be exemplified.

[0164] [Chemical Formula 3]

[0165] Equation (1)

[0166] (In the above formula (1), Z) 1The expression represents at least one monomer unit selected from formulas (1-1) to (1-6) below, where X represents a photooriented group, and L represents a photooriented group. 1 This indicates a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, alkylene, arylene, cycloalkylene, or a combination thereof.

[0167] [Chemical Formula 4]

[0168] Equation (1-1) Equation (1-2) Equation (1-3)

[0169] Equation (1-4) Equation (1-5) Equation (1-6)

[0170] (In the above equations (1-1) to (1-6), R) 21 R represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, chlorine atom, or phenyl atom. 22 R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. 23 R represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, chlorine atom, or phenyl atom. 24 (This refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.)

[0171] As a monomeric unit constituting the optical orientation unit, at least one selected from formulas (1-1) to (1-6) above can be cited. It should be noted that when Z1 is at least one selected from formula (1-2), -L 1 -X can bond to any of the ortho, meta, or para positions. In terms of ease of achieving photoorientation by reducing the distance between photoorientation groups, -L... 1 -X is preferred for bonding at the alignment point.

[0172] As the monomer unit constituting the photo-orientation constituent unit, in terms of the ease of raw material supply, it is preferable to select at least one of formulas (1-1) and (1-2). Furthermore, if it is selected from at least one of formulas (1-2), it is more preferable in that the rigidity of the photo-orientation constituent unit of the photo-orientation copolymer is increased, so the distance between the photo-orientation groups is easier to reduce, and excellent photo-orientation is easier to obtain. In addition, if the copolymer has a styrene backbone and contains more π electrons, it is believed that through the interaction of the π electrons, the adhesion between the orientation layer and the ultraviolet absorbing layer of this disclosure and the liquid crystal component directly laminated on the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is also increased.

[0173] In formula (1) above, X represents a photo-orientation group, which can be the same as described above, and can be selected from at least one of cinnamyl, chalcone, coumarin, anthracene, quinolinyl, azophenyl, and styrene. The benzene ring in these functional groups may optionally have substituents. Substituents can be any groups that do not hinder photodimerization or photoisomerization reactions, such as alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, halogen atoms, trifluoromethyl, cyano, etc.

[0174] The photo-orientation group is preferably cinnamoyl. Specifically, it is preferably the group represented by formulas (x-1) and (x-2) above.

[0175] L 1 The term represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, alkylene, arylene, cycloalkylene, or a combination thereof, connecting the aforementioned monomer unit to the photooriented group X.

[0176] In the above L 1 In the case of a single bond, the photooriented group X is directly bonded to the monomer unit Z1. Examples of divalent linking groups include: -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, and -(CH2). n -、-(CH2CH2O) m -、-C6H4-、-C6H 10 -、-(CH2) n O-, -(CH2CH2O) m O-, -C6H4O-, -C6H 10 O-, -O(CH2) n O-, -O(CH2CH2O) m O-, -OC6H4O-, -OC6H 10 O-, -OCO(CH2) n COO-、-OCO(CH2CH2O) m COO-, -OCOC6H4O-, -OCOC6H 10 O-, -COO(CH2) n O-, -COO(CH2CH2O) m -、-COOC6H4O-、-COOC6H 10 O- etc., where -C6H4- represents phenylene, -C6H 10 - indicates subcyclohexyl. n is 1 to 20, m is 1 to 10.

[0177] Regarding photoorientation, it is preferable that the alkylene chain between the aforementioned monomer unit and the photoorientation group X is shorter. It is speculated that by making the alkylene chain shorter in the photoorientation constituent unit, rigidity increases, the distance between the photoorientation groups can be made smaller, and photoorientation (liquid crystal alignment capability) is improved.

[0178] Regarding the orientation of light, it is preferable that n and m are smaller than described above, with n preferably being 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, and m preferably being 1 to 3, more preferably 1 to 2.

[0179] In terms of photoorientation, the photoorientation constituent unit is more preferably a structure in which there is no alkylene chain between the photoorientation group and the main chain of the photoorientation copolymer, and L11 is more preferably a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, or a combination of these with aryl groups.

[0180] The photo-oriented copolymer may have one or more photo-oriented constituent units.

[0181] In the synthesis of photo-oriented copolymers, monomers having photo-oriented groups derived from the aforementioned photo-oriented constituent units can be used. Monomers having photo-oriented groups can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0182] Regarding the content ratio of photo-orienting constituent units in the photo-orienting copolymer, when the amount of constituent units contained in the copolymer (B) as a whole is set to 100 mol%, it can be set in the range of 10 mol% to 90 mol%, preferably in the range of 20 mol% to 80 mol%. If the content ratio of photo-orienting constituent units is low, the sensitivity will decrease, making it difficult to impart good liquid crystal alignment ability. On the other hand, if the content ratio of photo-orienting constituent units is high, the content ratio of thermally crosslinking constituent units will be relatively low, resulting in insufficient thermosetting properties and difficulty in maintaining good liquid crystal alignment ability.

[0183] (2) Promotes the second constituent unit to be biased toward the surface

[0184] The photo-oriented copolymer used in this disclosure preferably has a second constituent unit as a site that promotes the photo-oriented copolymer to deviate towards the surface when the photo-oriented copolymer is mixed with an ultraviolet absorber.

[0185] As for the site that promotes the bias of the photo-oriented copolymer toward the surface, there is no particular limitation as long as the inclusion of this site can promote the bias toward the surface when the photo-oriented copolymer is mixed with the ultraviolet absorber.

[0186] Examples of sites that promote the deflection of photooriented copolymers toward the surface include silicon-containing groups, fluorine-containing groups, and straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having a specified number of carbon atoms or more.

[0187] As sites that promote the deviation of photooriented copolymers towards the surface, more specifically, examples include: Groups containing silicon atoms (-(O)) b -Si(E)3 [Here, E independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, or -(O)]. b’ -Si(E')3, or, -{O-Si(E”)2-} a E”, E' and E” each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, a represents a number greater than or less than 10, b and b' each independently represent 0 or 1, and when b and b' are each 0, it represents a single bond; or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group substituted with the silicon-containing group (here, the alkyl group may have -O- in the carbon chain, or may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group). Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups containing fluorine atoms; The carbon chain may contain straight-chain or branched alkyl groups with 4 or more carbon atoms of -O-.

[0188] Groups containing silicon atoms, groups containing fluorine atoms, and straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having a specified number of carbon atoms can be, for example, the same groups described in Q of formula (2) described later, but are not limited to these.

[0189] The straight-chain or branched alkyl groups substituted by these silicon-containing groups, straight-chain or branched alkyl groups containing fluorine atoms, and straight-chain or branched alkyl groups with 4 or more carbon atoms having -O- in the carbon chain can be bonded to the monomer unit via a linking group L. Examples of the linking group L include -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, or combinations thereof with aryl groups.

[0190] As a site that promotes the surface bias of the photo-oriented copolymer, from the perspectives of ease of raw material supply, suppression of shrinkage during the formation of the positive A layer, and improved adhesion, it can be a straight-chain or branched alkyl group with 4 or more carbon atoms having -O- in the carbon chain, or a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group with 4 or more carbon atoms having -O- in the carbon chain. The number of carbon atoms in the straight-chain or branched alkyl group, or the straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, can be 18 or less, 16 or less, or 12 or less; from the perspective of easily promoting the surface bias of the photo-oriented copolymer, the number of carbon atoms can be 5 or more.

[0191] Examples of monomeric units constituting the second constituent unit include acrylates, methacrylates, styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleimide, vinyl ethers, and vinyl esters.

[0192] As the second constituent unit, the constituent unit shown in the following formula (2) can be exemplified.

[0193] [Chemical Formula 5]

[0194] Equation (2)

[0195] (In the above formula (2), Z) 2 L represents at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (2-1) to (2-6). 2 The group represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, or a combination thereof with an aryl group, and Q represents a group that satisfies any of the following (i) to (iii).

[0196] (i) -(O) b -Si(E)3[where E independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, or -(O)]. b’ -Si(E')3, or, -{O-Si(E”)2-} a E”, E' and E” each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, a represents a number of 1 or more and 10 or less, b and b' each independently represent 0 or 1, when b and b' are 0 or less, it represents a single bond; or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group substituted with the silicon-containing group (here, the alkyl group may have -O- in the carbon chain, or may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group), or -Si(E)3 (where E is the same as above), a group with a total number of carbon atoms of 3 or more and 18 or less; (ii) Straight-chain or branched alkyl groups containing fluorine atoms and having a total carbon number of 3 or more and 18 or less; (iii) The carbon chain may contain straight-chain or branched alkyl groups with -O- and a total carbon number of 4 or more and 18 or less; it should be noted that the total carbon number here refers to the total number of carbon atoms in Q. [Chemical Formula 6] Equation (2-1) Equation (2-2) Equation (2-3)

[0197] Equation (2-4) Equation (2-5) Equation (2-6)

[0198] (In the above equations (2-1) to (2-6), R) 31 R represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, chlorine atom, or phenyl atom. 32 R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. 33 R represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, chlorine atom, or phenyl atom. 34 (This refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 4 hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.)

[0199] As a single unit constituting the second constituent unit, from the perspective of ease of raw material supply, it is preferable to select at least one of formulas (2-1) and (2-2). Furthermore, when it is selected from at least one of formula (2-2), it is more preferable from the perspective of easier formation of a permeation zone and improved sealing.

[0200] L 2 The single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, or a combination thereof with aryl groups, connects the monomer unit to the site Q of the surface-biased copolymer that promotes photoorientation.

[0201] In the above L 2 In the case of single bonds, it promotes the photooriented copolymer to the surface-biased site Q and monomer unit Z. 2 Direct bonding.

[0202] As divalent linking groups, specific examples include -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, -OCO-, -C6H4-, -C6H4O-, -OC6H4O-, -OCOC6H4O-, and -COOC6H4O-, where -C6H4- represents phenylene.

[0203] In equation (2) above, (i) in Q represents E independently representing a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, or -(O). b’ -Si(E')3, or, -{O-Si(E”)2-} aE”, E’ and E” each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, a represents a number of 1 or more and 10 or less, b and b’ each independently represent 0 or 1, when b and b’ are 0 or less, it represents a single bond, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group substituted with the silicon-containing group (here, the alkyl group may have -O- in the carbon chain, or may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group), or -Si(E)3 (where E is the same as above), a group with a total number of carbon atoms of 3 or more and 18 or less. (i) in Q is a group containing silicon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms may be 3 or more, or 13 or less.

[0204] Examples of halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

[0205] Examples of straight-chain or branched alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-pentyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecanyl, and n-hexadecyl.

[0206] Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0207] Examples of straight-chain or branched alkoxy groups include, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, and n-pentoxy.

[0208] In -(O) b’ -Si(E')3 or -{O-Si(E”)2-} a In E”, E' and E'' each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, an aryl group, or a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group. Examples of halogen atoms, straight-chain or branched alkyl groups, aryl groups, or straight-chain or branched alkoxy groups can be the same as those described above.

[0209] In (i), E can be a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, or -(O) from the perspective of easily promoting the bias, stability, and availability of raw materials of photooriented copolymers. b’ -Si(E')3 or -{O-Si(E”)2-} a "E" can be a straight-chain or branched alkyl group, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group, or -(O). b’ -Si(E')3.

[0210] In the above formula (2), as Q, (i) can be, for example, trialkoxysilylalkyl, trimethoxysilylethyl, trimethoxysilylpropyl, triethoxysilylmethyl, etc.; trialkylsilylalkyl, triethylsilylethyl, tri(isopropyl)silylbutyl, dimethylethylsilylmethyl, etc.; trialkylsilylalkyl, triethylsilylethyl, tri(isopropyl)silylbutyl, tert-butyldimethylsilylbutyl, etc. Alkyloxyalkyl; dimethoxymethylsilylmethyl, dimethoxymethylsilylethyl, dimethoxymethylsilylpropyl, etc., dialkoxyalkylsilylalkylsilylalkyl; methoxydimethylsilylmethyl, methoxydimethylsilylpropyl, etc., alkoxydialkylsilylalkylalkyl; tri(trimethylsilyl)silylmethyl, etc., tri(trialkylsilyl)silylalkylalkyl; tri(trimethylsiloxy)silylpropyl, etc., tri(trialkylsiloxy)silylalkylalkyl; via -Si(Me)2-{O-Si(Me)2-} a -n-Bu (where Me is methyl, n-Bu is n-butyl, and a is 9) substituted n-propyl groups, etc., substituted with -Si(E)2-{O-Si(E”)2-} a Alkyl groups substituted with "E"; alkyl groups having "-O-" in their carbon chain, such as 2-[tri(trimethylsilyl)silylpropoxy]ethyl; alkyl groups having "-O-" or hydroxyl-substituted in their carbon chain, such as 3-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propoxy]-2-hydroxypropyl, 3-{3-[bis(trimethylsiloxy)methylsilyl]propoxy}-2-hydroxypropyl; or trialkoxysilyl groups such as trimethoxysilyl, triethoxysilyl; trialkylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tri(isopropyl)silyl; dialkoxyalkylsilyl ...

[0211] In formula (2) above, (ii) in Q represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing fluorine atoms with a total carbon number of 3 or more and 18 or less. (ii) can be any alkyl group with a total carbon number of 3 or more, or 12 or less. The straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing fluorine atoms in (ii) can be a perfluoroalkyl group in which all hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group are replaced by fluorine atoms. From the perspective of the ease of raw material supply, it can be a partially fluoroalkyl group in which some hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group are replaced by fluorine atoms. The number of fluorine atoms in the alkyl group containing fluorine atoms can be 1 or more, or 3 or more, or 25 or less, or 20 or less.

[0212] From the viewpoint of easily promoting the bias of copolymers, the proportion of fluorine atoms in straight-chain or branched alkyl groups containing fluorine atoms relative to the total number of hydrogen atoms and fluorine atoms in straight-chain or branched alkyl groups can be more than 30% and less than 90%, or more than 50% and less than 80%.

[0213] In equation (2) above, (ii) in Q can be exemplified by, for example, -(CH2). p -(CF2) q -CF3 (here, p means 0 or more and 16 or less, q means 0 or more and 17 or less, p+q means 2 or more and 17 or less), p is preferably 0 or more and 10 or less, preferably 1 or more and 8 or less, more preferably 2 or more and 4 or less, q is preferably 1 or more and 11 or less, preferably 1 or more and 9 or less, more preferably 2 or more and 7 or less, p+q is preferably 2 or more and 11 or less.

[0214] In formula (2) above, (iii) in Q represents a group with a total carbon number of 4 or more and 18 or less, which is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group that may have -O- in the carbon chain. The total carbon number of (iii) can be 4 or more, or it can be 16 or less. Considering the ease with which the photo-oriented copolymer can be biased toward the surface, the total carbon number of (iii) can be 5 or more. As a straight-chain or branched alkyl group that may have -O- in the carbon chain, it can be an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkoxyalkyl group, or a group containing a polyoxyethylene chain or a polyoxypropylene chain.

[0215] In the above formula (2), as (iii) in Q, examples include straight-chain or branched alkyl groups such as n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-pentyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecanyl, n-hexadecyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1-diethylpropyl, and 2-hexyldodecyl. Methoxypropyl, 3,3-dimethoxypropyl, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutoxybutyl and other straight-chain or branched alkoxyalkyl groups; Methoxymethoxypropyl, methoxyethoxyethyl, and other straight-chain or branched alkoxyalkoxyalkyl groups; -(CH2) r -(OCH2CH2) s -OCH3 (Here, r is 0 or higher and 10 or lower, s is 1 or higher and 7 or lower, r+s×2 is 3 or higher and 17 or lower, and can be 15 or lower); -(CH2) t -(CH2C(CH3)H) u -(OCH2C(CH3)H) v -OCH3 (where t represents 0 or more and 10 or less, u represents 0 or more and 4 or less, v represents 1 or more and 5 or less, t+u+v×3 represents 4 or more and 17 or less, and can be 15 or less) etc.

[0216] The copolymer may have one or more second constituent units.

[0217] In the synthesis of the copolymer, monomers having a site Q can be used, said site Q promoting the surface bias of the photooriented copolymer derived from the second constituent unit. Monomers having a site Q that promotes the surface bias of the photooriented copolymer can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0218] Monomers that promote the bias of photooriented copolymers toward the surface site Q can be, for example, but are not limited to, the following monomers. In the structural formula, Me represents methyl.

[0219] [Chemical Formula 7]

[0220] (i-1)

[0221] (i-2)

[0222] (i-3)

[0223] (i-4)

[0224] (i-5)

[0225] (i-6)

[0226] (i-7) n represents 1 to 10.

[0227] [Chemical Formula 8]

[0228] i-8)

[0229] (i - 9)

[0230] (i - 10)

[0231] (i - 11)

[0232] (i - 12)

[0233] (ii - 1)

[0234] (ii - 2)

[0235] [Chemical Formula 9]

[0236] (iii - 1)

[0237] (iii - 2)

[0238] (iii - 3)[[ID=3​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​The proportion of the second constituent unit in the copolymer can be set within the range of 1 mol% to 50 mol% when the total amount of the constituent unit in the copolymer is set to 100 mol%. Preferably, it is within the range of 3 mol% to 20 mol%. If the proportion of the second constituent unit is low, it is impossible to obtain a sufficient effect in promoting the photo-orientation copolymer to the surface, and sometimes it is difficult to maintain good liquid crystal alignment ability. Conversely, if the proportion of the second constituent unit is high, the proportion of the photo-orientation constituent unit is relatively low, resulting in reduced sensitivity, and sometimes it is difficult to impart good liquid crystal alignment ability.

[0249] (3) Thermal cross-linking constituent units

[0250] In this disclosure, the thermally crosslinkable constituent unit is the site that is bonded to the thermally crosslinking agent by heating.

[0251] If the photo-oriented copolymer contains thermally crosslinking units, the orientation is less likely to become disordered during the formation of the positive A layer, and the orientation in the orientation layer that also serves as the UV absorption layer is more likely to be well-defined, which is preferable from this perspective. Furthermore, if the photo-oriented copolymer contains thermally crosslinking units, it is preferable from the viewpoint of easily controlling the hardness or transferability of the orientation layer that also serves as the UV absorption layer.

[0252] The thermally crosslinkable constituent unit can be any constituent unit having a thermally crosslinkable group. As a thermally crosslinkable group, it can be any group that is crosslinked by heating at 30°C to 250°C, and examples include: hydroxyl, carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, mercapto, glycidyl, amino, amide, etc. From a reactivity point of view, aliphatic hydroxyl groups are preferred, and primary hydroxyl groups are more preferred. It should be noted that a primary hydroxyl group refers to a hydroxyl group to which the carbon atom bonded is a primary carbon atom.

[0253] In addition, as a thermally crosslinking group, it can be a self-crosslinking group that can crosslink with the same crosslinking group. Examples of self-crosslinking groups include: hydroxymethyl, alkoxymethyl, trialkoxysilyl, and terminal isocyanate groups.

[0254] When the thermally crosslinking constituent unit has a self-crosslinking group, the thermally crosslinking constituent unit can also function as a thermal crosslinking agent, which is preferred in terms of easily improving photoorientation properties and solvent resistance. When the thermally crosslinking constituent unit has a self-crosslinking group, it is considered to be easy to react with the intramolecular thermally crosslinking constituent unit.

[0255] As a thermal crosslinking component, it preferably contains at least one selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, and mercapto groups in terms of photoorientation properties and solvent resistance.

[0256] As a thermally crosslinkable constituent unit, in terms of more easily improving photoorientation properties and solvent resistance, it is preferable to have a constituent unit having at least one thermally crosslinkable group selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl and mercapto groups, and a constituent unit having at least one self-crosslinking group selected from hydroxymethyl, alkoxymethyl, trialkoxysilyl and capped isocyanate groups.

[0257] It should be noted that the alkoxymethyl group of the self-crosslinking group preferably has an alkoxy group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, specifically including: methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, various propoxymethyl, various butoxymethyl, various pentoxymethyl, etc. As an alkoxymethyl group, it is more preferably an alkoxy group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and even more preferably an alkoxy group with 1 to 2 carbon atoms. In terms of improving crosslinking properties, methoxymethyl and ethoxymethyl are preferred.

[0258] Examples of monomer units that constitute thermal crosslinking components include: acrylates, methacrylates, styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleimide, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, etc.

[0259] As a thermally crosslinking unit, when the thermally crosslinking group is a carboxyl group, it can be a unit derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; when the thermally crosslinking group is a hydroxyl group, it can be a unit derived from vinyl alcohol.

[0260] As a thermally crosslinkable constituent unit, the constituent unit represented by the following formula (3) can be exemplified.

[0261] [Chemical Formula 10]

[0262] Equation (3)

[0263] (In the above formula (3), Z) 3 R represents at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (3-1) to (3-6). 50 (Y represents a linear alkylene group, optionally having 1 to 11 carbon atoms with -O- in the carbon chain, and a thermally crosslinking group.)

[0264] [Chemical Formula 11]

[0265] Equation (3-1) Equation (3-2) Equation (3-3)

[0266] Equation (3-4) Equation (3-5) Equation (3-6)

[0267] (In the above equations (3-1) to (3-6), R) 51 R represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, chlorine atom, or phenyl atom. 52 R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. 53 R represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, chlorine atom, or phenyl atom. 54 L represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 3 Indicates a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, or -OCO-, in L 3 In the case of a single bond, R 50 It bonds directly to the styrene skeleton.

[0268] It should be noted that in Z 3 When -L is selected from at least one of equations (3-2), 3 -Y can be bonded at any of the ortho, meta, or para positions, but -L is preferred in terms of its excellent thermal crosslinking reactivity. 3 -Y is bonded at the bisector.

[0269] As a monomer unit constituting a thermally crosslinkable constituent unit, it is preferred to be selected from at least one of formulas (3-1) and (3-2) in terms of ease of raw material supply.

[0270] In the above formula (3), the thermal crosslinking group of Y can be the same as above, or it can be a self-crosslinking group.

[0271] In formula (3) above, the thermally crosslinking group of Y can be at least one thermally crosslinking group selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, mercapto, glycidyl, amino, amide, hydroxymethyl, alkoxymethyl, trialkoxysilyl, capped isocyanate, and alkoxy groups substituted on the methyl group, or at least one thermally crosslinking group selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, mercapto, glycidyl, amino, and amide groups. The hydroxymethyl and alkoxymethyl groups, as self-crosslinking groups, can be formed by the hydroxyl and alkoxy groups on the methyl group (R... 50 It can be substituted on the methylene group to become hydroxymethyl or alkoxymethyl.

[0272] From a reactivity point of view, it is preferable that the thermal crosslinking group of Y contains an aliphatic hydroxyl group, and more preferably a primary hydroxyl group.

[0273] In the above formula (3), L 3 This indicates a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO-, -COS-, -CO-, or -OCO-. It should be noted that in L... 3 In the case of a single bond, the thermally crosslinking group Y and the monomer unit Z 3 Direct bonding.

[0274] R 50 It can be a straight-chain alkylene group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms and having -O- in the carbon chain, preferably -(CH2). j -or-(C2H4O) k -C2H4- (j is 1 to 11, k is 1 to 4), preferably j is 2 to 11, k is 1 to 4, and more preferably j is 4 to 11, k is 2 to 4. If j and k are too small, the distance between the thermally crosslinking group and the main skeleton of the copolymer becomes shorter in the thermally crosslinking constituent unit. Therefore, it is difficult for the thermally crosslinking agent to bond with the thermally crosslinking group, raising concerns about a decrease in the reactivity between the thermally crosslinking constituent unit and the thermally crosslinking agent. On the other hand, if j and k are too large, the chain length of the connecting group becomes longer in the thermally crosslinking constituent unit. Therefore, it is difficult for the terminal thermally crosslinking group to expose the surface, making it difficult for the thermally crosslinking agent to bond with the thermally crosslinking group, raising concerns about a decrease in the reactivity between the thermally crosslinking constituent unit and the thermally crosslinking agent.

[0275] The copolymer may have one or more thermally crosslinking constituent units.

[0276] Monomers having thermally crosslinking groups that derive the aforementioned thermally crosslinking constituent units can be used in the synthesis of copolymers. Monomers having thermally crosslinking groups can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0277] Monomers having thermally crosslinking groups include, but are not limited to, the following examples.

[0278] Examples of acrylate and methacrylate compounds include, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acrylate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate, diethylene glycol monoacrylate, diethylene glycol monomethacrylate, triethylene glycol monoacrylate, tetraethylene glycol monoacrylate, dipropylene glycol monoacrylate, tripropylene glycol monoacrylate, tetrapropylene glycol monoacrylate, etc., monomers having hydroxyl and acryloyl or methacryloyl groups.

[0279] Examples of styrene compounds include monomers having hydroxyl and styrene groups, such as esters of 4-vinylbenzoic acid and diol, esters of 4-vinylbenzoic acid and diethylene glycol, ethers of hydroxystyrene and diol, and ethers of hydroxystyrene and diethylene glycol.

[0280] In addition, as monomers forming the thermally crosslinkable constituent units, for example, the monomers described in paragraphs 0075-0079 of Japanese Patent No. 5626493 may also be used. Alternatively, monomers in which the hydroxyl groups exemplified above are replaced with carboxyl or glycidyl groups may also be used.

[0281] Among monomers with thermally crosslinking groups, examples of monomers with self-crosslinking groups include: N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, N-methoxymethylacrylamide, N-methoxymethylacrylamide, N-ethoxymethylacrylamide, N-ethoxymethylacrylamide, N-butoxymethylacrylamide, and N-butoxymethylacrylamide, which are acrylamide compounds or methacrylamide compounds substituted with hydroxymethyl or alkoxymethyl groups; monomers with trialkoxysilyl groups, such as 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl acrylate, 3-triethoxysilylpropyl acrylate, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate, and 3-triethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate; and monomers with terminal isocyanate groups, such as 2-(O-(1'-methylpropyleneamino)carboxyamino)ethyl methacrylate and 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)carbonylaminoethyl methacrylate.

[0282] Regarding the proportion of thermally crosslinking constituent units in the copolymer, when the amount of constituent units contained in the total copolymer is set to 100 mol%, it can be set in the range of 0 mol% to 90 mol%, preferably in the range of 5 mol% to 90 mol%, and more preferably in the range of 20 mol% to 80 mol%. If the proportion of thermally crosslinking constituent units is low, sufficient thermosetting properties may not be obtained, making it difficult to maintain good liquid crystal alignment energy. On the other hand, if the proportion of thermally crosslinking constituent units is high, the proportion of photoalignment constituent units may be relatively low, resulting in reduced sensitivity and difficulty in imparting good liquid crystal alignment ability, or excessive surface curing may occur, making it difficult to form a penetration region and reducing adhesion.

[0283] (3) Other constituent units

[0284] In this disclosure, the photo-orientation copolymer may have other constituent units besides the photo-orientation constituent units, the second constituent units that promote the photo-orientation copolymer to the surface, and the thermal crosslinking constituent units. By including other constituent units in the copolymer, for example, solvent solubility, heat resistance, reactivity, etc., can be improved.

[0285] Examples of monomer units constituting other constituent units include: acrylates, methacrylates, maleimide, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, styrene, vinyl groups, etc. Among these, acrylates, methacrylates, and styrene are preferred, similar to the thermally crosslinkable constituent units.

[0286] Examples of monomers that form these other constituent units include: acrylate compounds, methacrylate compounds, maleimide compounds, acrylamide compounds, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, styrene compounds, vinyl compounds, etc.

[0287] Specifically, for example, a monomer that does not possess either the photo-orientation group or the thermal crosslinking group described in paragraphs 0036 to 0040 of International Publication No. 2010 / 150748 may be used, and such monomer is not a monomer from which the second constituent unit is derived.

[0288] The other constituent units in a photooriented copolymer may be one or more.

[0289] Regarding the content ratio of the other constituent units mentioned above in the copolymer, when the amount of constituent units contained in the copolymer as a whole is set to 100 mol%, it is preferably in the range of 0 mol% to 50 mol%, and can be in the range of 0 mol% to 30 mol%. If the content ratio of the above constituent units is too high, the content ratio of photo-alignment constituent units, second constituent units, and thermal crosslinking constituent units will be relatively low, resulting in the following situation: sensitivity decreases, making it difficult to impart good liquid crystal alignment energy, and it is also difficult to obtain sufficient thermosetting properties, making it difficult to maintain good liquid crystal alignment energy.

[0290] (5) Photooriented copolymers

[0291] The mass-average molecular weight of the photo-oriented copolymer is not particularly limited; for example, it can be set to around 3,000 to 200,000, preferably in the range of 4,000 to 100,000. When the mass-average molecular weight is too high, the solubility in solvents may decrease, the viscosity may increase, and the processability may decrease, making it difficult to form a uniform film. Furthermore, when the mass-average molecular weight is too low, curing may be insufficient during thermosetting, resulting in reduced solvent resistance and heat resistance.

[0292] In addition, the mass-average molecular weight in this disclosure is set as the polystyrene equivalent value determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

[0293] As a method for synthesizing photooriented copolymers, one example is the copolymerization of monomers having photooriented groups, monomers that derive a second constituent unit, and monomers having thermally crosslinking groups as needed, using conventionally known manufacturing methods.

[0294] Photooriented copolymers can be used in solution form during copolymer synthesis, or in powder form, or in solution form by dissolving the refined powder in a solvent described later.

[0295] The aforementioned photo-orientation copolymer can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In this embodiment, from the viewpoint of exerting orientation ability on the directly connected liquid crystal components, the content ratio of the aforementioned photo-orientation copolymer relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid components of the composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer can be 1 part by mass or more, 5 parts by mass or more, 10 parts by mass or more, 50 parts by mass or less, 30 parts by mass or less, or 20 parts by mass or less.

[0296] The aforementioned photo-oriented copolymer has a second constituent unit that promotes the photo-oriented copolymer to deviate towards the surface when mixed with an ultraviolet absorber. Therefore, in the composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorber layer, even if the content of the aforementioned photo-oriented copolymer is set to a small proportion, it deviates towards the surface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorber layer, thereby enabling it to exert orientation ability on the directly adjacent liquid crystal components. As a result, in the composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorber layer, the content ratio of ultraviolet absorber and thermal crosslinking agent can be relatively increased, achieving sufficient ultraviolet absorption function in a single layer, enabling thin film formation, and improving adhesion to the positive A layer and hygrothermal adhesion.

[0297] As a photo-orienting component, one type can be used alone, or two or more types can be used in combination. As a photo-orienting component, for example, in addition to the photo-orienting copolymers mentioned above, compounds containing photo-orienting groups can be used, as well as compounds having both photo-orienting groups and thermally crosslinking groups can be used.

[0298] In the alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, from the viewpoint of exerting alignment ability on the directly connected liquid crystal components, achieving the specified ultraviolet absorption ability, and improving adhesion and humid heat adhesion, the content of the photo-aligning component can be 1 part by mass or more, 5 parts by mass or more, or 10 parts by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid components of the composition for the alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer. On the other hand, it can be 30 parts by mass or less, 25 parts by mass or less, or 20 parts by mass or less.

[0299] 1-2. Ultraviolet absorbers

[0300] The ultraviolet absorber used in this disclosure may have a lower limit of maximum absorption wavelength of 350 nm or more, or 365 nm or more, and an upper limit of maximum absorption wavelength of 405 nm or less, or 403 nm or less. That is, in this disclosure, the ultraviolet absorber includes ultraviolet absorbers that have a maximum absorption wavelength in the short wavelength region of visible light.

[0301] Examples of structures with ultraviolet absorption properties include benzophenone, benzotriazole, triazine, benzoxazinone, anthracene, indole, methine-based, cyanoacrylate, and salicylate structures. Among these, compounds having at least one structure selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole, benzophenone, and triazine structures are preferred from the perspective of easily suppressing the loss of ultraviolet absorbers due to thermal decomposition and volatilization.

[0302] Examples of compounds having a benzotriazole structure include 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methacryloyloxyethylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, (2-hydroxy-3-dodecyl-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, and 2-(2H-benzotriazole-2-yl)-6-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol.

[0303] Examples of compounds having a benzophenone structure include 2,2-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2,2-dihydroxy-4,4-dimethoxybenzophenone, and 2,2-dihydroxy-4,4-tetrahydroxybenzophenone.

[0304] Examples of compounds having a triazine structure include 2-[4-[(2-hydroxy-3-(2'-ethylhexyl)oxy]-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-[1-octoxycarbonylethoxy]phenyl)-4,6-bis(4-phenylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[4-[(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropyl)oxy]-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, and 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-butoxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-bis-butoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine.

[0305] The ultraviolet absorber preferably has thermally crosslinking groups that can react with the thermally crosslinking agent described later.

[0306] As a thermally crosslinking group, it can be the same as the group described in the photooriented copolymer.

[0307] As in the specific example of the UV absorber described, the UV absorber typically contains hydroxyl groups, and therefore may further lack other thermally crosslinking groups different from hydroxyl groups.

[0308] Polymer materials can be used as ultraviolet absorbers. If an ultraviolet-absorbing polymer polymerized at the moment of addition to the composition for the alignment layer and ultraviolet-absorbing layer is used, it readily exhibits liquid crystal alignment capability and easily improves mechanical strength. Furthermore, if an ultraviolet-absorbing polymer polymerized at the moment of addition to the composition for the alignment layer and ultraviolet-absorbing layer is used, it easily suppresses phase difference changes in the positive A layer under humid heat, and improves adhesion to the positive A layer and humid heat adhesion. It is speculated that if an ultraviolet-absorbing polymer is used in the composition for the alignment layer and ultraviolet-absorbing layer, the exudation of the ultraviolet absorber in the directly connected positive A layer is suppressed, and the alignment layer and ultraviolet-absorbing layer function as a protective layer with good resistance to humid heat testing, thereby easily suppressing phase difference changes in the positive A layer under humid heat, and easily improving adhesion to the positive A layer and humid heat adhesion.

[0309] Polymers comprising monomer units having a structure that has ultraviolet absorption properties are preferred examples of ultraviolet-absorbing polymers.

[0310] The structure with ultraviolet absorption properties in the ultraviolet-absorbing polymer can be the same as the structure with ultraviolet absorption properties described above.

[0311] Examples of monomer units include acrylates, methacrylates, maleimide, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, styrene, and vinyl groups. Among these, similar to the photo-oriented copolymers described above, acrylates, methacrylates, and styrene are preferred, and acrylates and methacrylates are more preferred.

[0312] Polymers containing monomer units with ultraviolet absorption properties can be polymerized using monomers containing the ultraviolet absorption properties.

[0313] As the monomer containing the structure with ultraviolet absorption properties, for example, compounds containing substituents such as 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methacryloyloxyethylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole or 2-[2-(6-hydroxybenzo[1,3]dioxacyclopenten-5-yl)-2H-benzotriazole-5-yl]ethyl methacrylate, which have polymerizable functional groups such as acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, and vinyl groups in the compound containing the structure with ultraviolet absorption properties, can be substituents such as acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, and vinyl groups, which are straight-chain or branched alkyl groups substituted with acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, or vinyl groups.

[0314] As the monomer containing the structure with ultraviolet absorption properties, commercially available products can be used, such as RUVA-93 (manufactured by Otsuka Chemicals).

[0315] In addition to monomer units with ultraviolet absorption properties, ultraviolet-absorbing polymers can also contain monomer units with thermally crosslinking groups. When ultraviolet-absorbing polymers contain monomer units with thermally crosslinking groups in addition to monomer units with ultraviolet absorption properties, the hardness of the orientation layer that also serves as the ultraviolet-absorbing layer can be easily adjusted, as can the heat resistance, damp heat resistance, solvent resistance, liquid crystal orientation ability, transferability, and bending resistance.

[0316] As a monomer unit having a thermally crosslinkable group, it can be the same as the thermally crosslinkable constituent unit of the photooriented copolymer.

[0317] By copolymerizing the monomer with thermally crosslinkable groups described in the photo-oriented copolymer with the monomer containing a structure having ultraviolet absorption properties, an ultraviolet-absorbing polymer containing monomer units with thermally crosslinkable groups can be obtained.

[0318] Among the monomers with thermally crosslinking groups described in the photo-oriented copolymer, monomers having hydroxyl and acryloyl or methacryloyl groups, monomers having hydroxyl and styrene groups, etc., are preferably used.

[0319] The UV-absorbing polymer may further contain other monomer units. Examples of other monomer units that the UV-absorbing polymer may contain include, for instance, monomer units that are the same as other constituent units in the photo-oriented copolymer. For example, acrylates or methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, and isopropyl methacrylate may be further used as monomers to copolymerize with the monomer containing the structure having UV-absorbing properties.

[0320] Furthermore, UV-absorbing polymers may have polymerizable functional groups such as acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy, and vinyl groups as other constituent units in their side chains. The introduction of polymerizable functional groups into the side chains can be achieved, for example, by reacting the thermally crosslinking groups contained in the UV-absorbing polymer with a compound having polymerizable functional groups and isocyanate groups.

[0321] The content of monomer units with ultraviolet-absorbing structures relative to the total mass of polymers containing monomer units with ultraviolet-absorbing structures can be 10% to 80% by mass, or 30% to 70% by mass.

[0322] The content of monomer units with thermally crosslinking groups relative to the total mass of the polymer containing monomer units with ultraviolet absorbing structures can be 10% to 80% by mass, or 20% to 70% by mass.

[0323] In addition, the content of other monomer units relative to the total mass of the polymer containing monomer units with ultraviolet absorption structures can be 0% to 80% by mass, or 0% to 50% by mass.

[0324] As a method for synthesizing ultraviolet-absorbing polymers, one example is the polymerization or copolymerization of monomers containing the structure having ultraviolet-absorbing properties, monomers having thermally crosslinking groups as needed, and other monomers by conventionally known manufacturing methods.

[0325] Considering the resistance to damp heat and the tendency of photo-oriented copolymers to be biased towards the surface, the mass-average molecular weight of ultraviolet absorbing polymers can be 5,000–200,000, 7,000–150,000, or 10,000–100,000.

[0326] As a polymer with an ultraviolet-absorbing structure, commercially available products can be used.

[0327] Examples of commercially available products include Tinuvin (registered trademark) 99-DW, 400-DW, 477-DW, and 479-DW (all manufactured by BASF), Newcoat (registered trademark) UVA-204W, UVA-101, UVA-102, UVA-103, and UVA-104, Vanaresin (registered trademark) UVA-5080, UVA-5080 (OHV20), UVA-55T, UVA-55MHB, UVA-7075, UVA-7075 (OHV20), and UVA-73T (all manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), and ULS-935LH (manufactured by Lion Specialty Chemicals).

[0328] The ultraviolet absorber can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorber layer, from the viewpoint of exerting alignment ability on the directly contacting liquid crystal components, achieving the specified ultraviolet absorption capacity, and improving adhesion and humid heat adhesion, the content of the ultraviolet absorber can be 30 parts by mass or more, 50 parts by mass or more, or 65 parts by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid components of the composition for the alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorber layer. On the other hand, it can be 95 parts by mass or less, 90 parts by mass or less, or 80 parts by mass or less.

[0329] In this disclosure, when the photo-oriented copolymer, which can be biased towards the surface of both the alignment layer and the UV-absorbing layer, is used in combination with a UV absorber, even a small amount of the photo-oriented copolymer can provide orientation capability to the directly adjacent liquid crystal components. Therefore, in the composition for the alignment layer and UV-absorbing layer, the content of the UV absorber can be relatively increased, achieving sufficient UV absorption function in a single layer, enabling thin-film formation, and improving adhesion to the positive A layer and its hygrothermal adhesion.

[0330] 1-3. Thermal crosslinking agent

[0331] When the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is a cured product of a thermosetting composition containing a photooriented component, an ultraviolet absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent, the thermal crosslinking agent is used in the formation of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer.

[0332] The thermal crosslinking agent can be a thermal crosslinking agent bonded to the aforementioned thermal crosslinking groups. By bonding to the thermal crosslinking groups of at least one of the photo-oriented copolymer and the ultraviolet absorber, the thermal crosslinking agent can improve the hardness of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer, enhance heat resistance, damp heat resistance, and solvent resistance, and adjust transferability or flexural strength. Consequently, the liquid crystal alignment ability of the photo-oriented components present on the surface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is less likely to be disordered, thus improving orientation. Furthermore, the thermal crosslinking agent can also bond to compounds containing thermal crosslinking groups, thereby improving the durability of the cured film or contributing to the enhancement of their respective functions.

[0333] As a thermal crosslinking agent, a compound bonded to the thermal crosslinking groups is selected.

[0334] Examples of such thermal crosslinking agents include compounds having crosslinking groups capable of reacting with the thermal crosslinking groups. Examples of crosslinking groups in the thermal crosslinking agent include epoxy groups, hydroxymethyl groups, isocyanate groups, terminal isocyanate groups, carboxyl groups, protected carboxyl groups, and maleimide groups. Preferably, the thermal crosslinking agent has two or more crosslinking groups, more preferably two to six. Examples of thermal crosslinking agents include epoxy compounds, hydroxymethyl compounds, and isocyanate compounds; among these, hydroxymethyl compounds are preferred in terms of the stability of the thermosetting composition (coating liquid) and the ability to use mild curing conditions.

[0335] Specific examples of hydroxymethyl compounds include alkoxymethylated glycourea, alkoxymethylated benzoguanamine, and alkoxymethylated melamine.

[0336] As a specific example of other thermal crosslinking agents, one can cite, for example, the thermal crosslinking agents described in paragraphs 0144 to 0148 of International Publication No. 2022 / 158555.

[0337] These thermal crosslinking agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0338] In this disclosure, from the viewpoint of improving liquid crystal alignment capability by imparting solvent resistance through a sufficient curing reaction, the content of the aforementioned thermal crosslinking agent can be 0.1 to 30 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid component of the composition for the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer. From the viewpoint of controlling the formation of the permeation region, controlling various aspects of durability and alignment of the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer, and improving storage stability, the content can be 0.5 parts by mass or more, or 1 part by mass or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of easily forming the permeation region, the content can be 25 parts by mass or less, or 20 parts by mass or less.

[0339] The structures of photo-orientation components, UV absorbers, and thermal crosslinking agents contained in the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer can be analyzed using methods such as NMR, IR, GC-MS, XPS, TOF-SIMS, and combinations thereof. For example, by collecting material from the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer, the chemical structures of the photo-orientation components, UV absorbers, and thermal crosslinking agents can be analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Furthermore, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) can detect fragment ions originating from photo-orientation groups and fragment ions originating from UV absorbers. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), or Raman spectroscopy can identify peaks of bonds and functional groups originating from thermal crosslinking agents or photo-orientation components. By comprehensively interpreting these analytical results, the structure of the components contained in the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer can be determined.

[0340] 1-4. Acids or acid-producing agents

[0341] When the orientation layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer, is the cured product of the thermosetting composition, the thermosetting composition may contain an acid or an acid-generating agent. The acid or acid-generating agent can promote the thermosetting reaction of the thermosetting composition.

[0342] As an acid or acid-producing agent, there are no particular limitations as long as it is a compound containing a sulfonic acid group, hydrochloric acid or its salt, or a compound that thermally decomposes to produce an acid during the drying and curing of the coating, i.e., a compound that thermally decomposes to produce an acid at a temperature of 50°C to 250°C. Specifically, the substances described in paragraph 0054 of International Publication No. 2010 / 150748 may be used.

[0343] The content of acid or acid-generating agent in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer composition disclosed herein can be 0.01 to 20 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid components of the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer composition. Specifically, in terms of liquid crystal alignment capability and storage stability, it can be 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, or 0.05 to 5 parts by mass.

[0344] Furthermore, the proportion of acid or acid-generating agent in the composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer disclosed herein can be from 0.05 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass relative to the total of 100 parts by mass of the aforementioned photo-orientation component, ultraviolet absorber, and thermal crosslinking agent. In terms of liquid crystal orientation capability and storage stability, this can be from 0.1 parts by mass to 15 parts by mass, or from 0.1 parts by mass to 10 parts by mass. From the viewpoint of easily forming the aforementioned permeation region, the upper limit can be 5 parts by mass or less.

[0345] 1-5. Other ingredients

[0346] The composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer used in the described orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer may contain other components. Other components may be appropriately selected as long as they do not impair the effects of this disclosure. Specifically, other components may include, for example, sensitizers, leveling agents, antioxidants, light stabilizers, compounds having polymerizable functional groups and thermally crosslinking groups, etc. Conventionally known additives may be appropriately selected as other components, without particular limitation. Other components may, for example, be the same as those described in paragraphs 0155 to 0173 of International Publication No. 2022 / 158555.

[0347] 1-6. Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0348] The orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer disclosed herein can be formed, for example, by preparing a composition (coating solution) for the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, which is obtained by dissolving or diluting the components constituting the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer as described above in a solvent, coating the composition onto a support and drying it.

[0349] As the solvent, it is appropriate to select from conventionally known solvents capable of dissolving or dispersing the components constituting the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer of this disclosure. Specifically, examples include: hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, cyclohexane, and toluene; ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, and propylene glycol monoethyl ether (PGME); haloalkane solvents such as chloroform and dichloromethane; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; amide solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; and alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol. In this embodiment, one solvent may be used alone, or two or more solvents may be used in combination as a mixed solvent.

[0350] In the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer composition disclosed herein, the solvent content is not particularly limited as long as all components are uniformly dissolved in the solvent. In the composition containing the solvent, it can be 50% to 99% by mass, 60% to 95% by mass, or 70% to 90% by mass. When it is within the range described, a uniform film is easily formed.

[0351] It should be noted that the solid component refers to the component after removing the solvent from all components of the composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0352] The support here can be on the substrate described later, or on the functional layer of the substrate that further has functional layers.

[0353] Any coating method that can form a film with high precision at the desired thickness is acceptable; an appropriate method can be selected.

[0354] Heating can be performed during the process of coating the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer composition onto the support and removing the solvent. By using a photo-oriented copolymer containing a second constituent unit that promotes surface bias, the photo-oriented copolymer can be biased to the surface by heat treatment and then dried, thus immobilizing the state of the photo-oriented copolymer biased to the surface.

[0355] The heating temperature varies depending on the substances in the composition and therefore needs to be adjusted accordingly. For example, it can be carried out in the range of 40°C to 150°C, and more specifically in the range of 40°C to 140°C.

[0356] The heating time can also be adjusted appropriately, for example, it can be carried out in the range of 10 seconds to 10 minutes, and further in the range of 20 seconds to 5 minutes.

[0357] As a heating method, well-known heating and drying methods such as hot plates and ovens can be appropriately selected.

[0358] In the case where the composition for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer has thermosetting properties, in order to make the photo-oriented copolymer deviate on the surface, maintain the deviation, and improve the orientation (liquid crystal orientation ability), it is preferable to control the heating temperature, the curing reaction rate adjusted based on the amount of thermal crosslinking agent and acid, and the solvent removal rate selected based on the solvent, so that the photo-oriented copolymer deviates on the surface and the curing reaction is completed and the solvent is removed.

[0359] For example, by using high-boiling-point solvents, low-temperature drying conditions, and reducing the amount of thermal crosslinking agents and acid catalysts, the solvent evaporation rate or curing reaction rate can be reduced, which can relatively increase the rate at which the photo-oriented copolymer deviates from the surface. Furthermore, by performing temperature control in two or more stages, the immobilization caused by curing is suppressed by heating at a low temperature in the first stage, while simultaneously deviating from the surface, and then the curing reaction is carried out by heating at a high temperature in the second stage. This allows for control in a way that maintains the deviance and improves the orientation.

[0360] The alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer of this disclosure are preferably endowed with liquid crystal alignment capability by further irradiating the cured film with a phase difference to polarized ultraviolet light.

[0361] By irradiating the obtained cured film with polarized ultraviolet light, the photo-orientation groups of photo-orientation components, such as photo-orientation copolymers, can undergo a photoreaction and exhibit anisotropy. The wavelength of polarized ultraviolet light is typically in the range of 150 nm to 450 nm. Furthermore, the irradiation direction of the polarized ultraviolet light can be set to be perpendicular or inclined relative to the substrate surface.

[0362] In this way, an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer can be formed, which imparts the ability to align the liquid crystal components of the positive A layer.

[0363] 1-7. Composition of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0364] The orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer disclosed herein can be a film that contains an ultraviolet absorber and whose photo-oriented groups, which are photo-oriented components present on the surface, are photodimerized or photo-isomerized.

[0365] When the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer of this disclosure contains a thermal crosslinking agent, it can be a structure containing the following crosslinking structure: a photodimerization or photoisomerization structure of an ultraviolet absorber and photooriented groups in layer 1, and a crosslinking structure formed by the thermal crosslinking groups of the ultraviolet absorber and / or photooriented components bonded to a thermal crosslinking agent. Alternatively, the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer can be a structure containing an ultraviolet absorbing polymer and a copolymer in layer 1, wherein the ultraviolet absorbing polymer has a crosslinking structure bonded to a thermal crosslinking agent, and the copolymer has a photodimerization or photoisomerization structure of the photooriented groups of the photooriented constituent units, and a crosslinking structure formed by the thermal crosslinking groups of the thermal crosslinking constituent units bonded to a thermal crosslinking agent.

[0366] As described above, in the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, compared with the side that is not connected to the positive A layer, there can be a relatively larger amount of photoorientation components at the interface of the positive A layer.

[0367] From the perspective of achieving both excellent alignment capability and excellent ultraviolet absorption capability on the positive A layer side with a thinner film, and achieving excellent liquid crystal alignment capability by having a greater amount of photo-alignment component on the surface, the surface free energy of the interface of the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer on the positive A layer side is preferably less than the surface free energy of the side of the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0368] The difference between the surface free energy of the side of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer and the surface free energy of the interface of the positive A layer can be greater than 1.0 mN / m or greater than 2.0 mN / m. The difference in surface free energy is usually less than 25 mN / m.

[0369] The surface free energy was measured using a double-drop contact angle and surface free energy analyzer (KRUSS, MSA) to determine the contact angle between water and diiodomethane on the surface of the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer. The contact angle was then calculated using an elliptic fitting method.

[0370] As a measurement condition, the amount of water and diiodomethane added was set to 1 μL each, and the contact angle was measured 2 seconds after addition.

[0371] The surface free energy was calculated using the contact angle obtained by elliptic fitting and the OWRK (Owens-Wendt-Rable-Kaelble) method.

[0372] It should be noted that the surface tension, dispersed components, and polar components of water and diiodomethane are as follows.

[0373] Water: Surface tension 72.8 mN / m (dispersed component 21.8 mN / m + polar component 51.0 mN / m)

[0374] Diiodomethane: Surface tension 50.8 mN / m (dispersed component 50.8 mN / m + polar component 0 mN / m)

[0375] From the perspective of achieving excellent liquid crystal alignment capability by having a larger amount of photo-alignment components on the surface, when analyzing the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (A). When formula (A) is satisfied, it is easier to achieve both excellent alignment capability and excellent ultraviolet absorption capability on the positive A layer side with a thinner film.

[0376] Formula (A): I AU >1.3×I SU

[0377] In equation (A), I AU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the positive A-layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0378] I SU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer that is not connected to the positive A layer.

[0379] When analyzing the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), it is more preferable to further satisfy the following formula (A-1).

[0380] Formula (A-1): I AU >2.0×I SU

[0381] (In formula (A-1), I) AU and I SU (This is the same definition as equation (A).)

[0382] In the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, compared with the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer, the photoorientation component is relatively more present (biased) at the positive A layer side interface, as shown below.

[0383] An inclined cutting was performed on the surface of the positive A layer of the optical laminate using a surface-interface cutting test apparatus (DAIPLA WINTES SAICAS NN-04). The cutting conditions are as follows.

[0384] Cutting edge: made of single-crystal diamond

[0385] Blade width: 1mm

[0386] Rake angle of cutting edge: 20°

[0387] Rake angle of cutting edge: 10°

[0388] Horizontal speed of cutting edge: 400 nm / s

[0389] Vertical speed of cutting edge: 4 nm / s

[0390] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sample made by cutting along an inclined direction from the surface of the positive A layer 2 to the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate 4) for the optical laminate of this disclosure.

[0391] Specifically, cutting is performed by moving the cutting edge from the surface of the optical laminate (surface of the positive A layer 2) towards the thickness direction (vertical direction) of the film at the aforementioned rake angle and vertical speed of 4 nm / s. Then, at the moment the cutting edge reaches the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate 4) (cutting 5), the vertical speed is set to 0 μm / min, and the cutting edge moves only in the direction parallel to the film surface (horizontal direction) to perform cutting 5 (refer to...). Figure 3 ).

[0392] Next, TOF-SIMS measurements were performed on the obtained cutting cross-section in the inclined direction. Using TOF-SIMS, the secondary ion intensity I originating from the orientation component was determined at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the interface of the positive A layer of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer. AU The secondary ion intensity I originating from the orientation component is detected at a position 100 nm in the thickness direction from the side of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate). SU .

[0393] It should be noted that the method used to calculate I AU and I SU The determination conditions for TOF-SIMS are as follows.

[0394] Primary ion: Bi3 ++

[0395] Accelerating voltage: 25kV

[0396] Primary ion current: 0.2 pA

[0397] Measurement area: 300μm × 300μm (using a neutralization gun for charge calibration)

[0398] Number of scans: 64

[0399] For the obtained I AU and I SU Compare, if I SU AU If this is true, then it can be said that the photo-orientation component exists more (biased) on the interface of the positive A layer compared to the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0400] Furthermore, in the optical laminate disclosed herein, from the viewpoint of producing an optical laminate with good bending resistance, it is preferable to adjust the composite elastic modulus of the alignment layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer. The composite elastic modulus of the side of the alignment layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer can be 3.0 GPa or more and 8.0 GPa or less, with a lower limit of 3.5 GPa or more and 4.0 GPa or more, and an upper limit of 7.5 GPa or less, 7.0 GPa or less, or 6.5 GPa or less. When the alignment layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer is a cured product of a thermosetting composition, the composite elastic modulus can be easily adjusted.

[0401] The composite elastic modulus of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is set to be used to measure the indentation hardness (H) on the surface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer. IT The contact projected area A is calculated at time ) p Er is calculated by the following mathematical formula (1). "Indentation hardness" is the value obtained from the load-displacement curve of the indenter from loading to unloading, obtained by hardness measurement based on nanoindentation method. The composite elastic modulus of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is the elastic modulus that includes the elastic deformation of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer and the elastic deformation of the indenter.

[0402] [Mathematical Expression 1]

[0403] (In the above mathematical formula (1), Ap is the contact projected area, Er is the composite elastic modulus of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, and S is the contact rigidity.)

[0404] ​It should be noted that the composite elastic modulus of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is measured on the surface opposite to the interface between the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer and the positive A layer. The composite elastic modulus of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is calculated as follows.

[0405] A cyanoacrylate-based instant adhesive was dropped onto glass, and an alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and a positive A layer were transferred with an adhesive layer thickness of 45 μm. The substrate was then peeled off, and the transfer was repeated in the order of alignment layer / UV absorbing layer / positive A layer / glass with adhesive to prepare a test sample. Using the test sample, the indentation hardness of the surface of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer exposed after peeling off the substrate was measured. Indentation hardness (H...) IT The indentation was measured using a nanoindenter (BRUKER, TI950 TriboIndenter). Under the following conditions, a Berkovich indenter (triangular pyramid) (BRUKER, TI-0039) was vertically pressed into the surface of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer for 10 seconds until the maximum indentation load reached 3 μN. Then, after a period of residual stress relief, the load was unloaded for 10 seconds, and the maximum load after relief was measured. The maximum load Pmax (μN) and the contact projection area Ap (nm) were then used as the indenter. 2 The indentation hardness (HIT) was calculated using Pmax / Ap. The contact projected area mentioned above is the contact projected area of ​​the indenter tip curvature corrected using the Oliver-Pharr method with fused silica (BRUKER, 5-0098) from a standard sample. It should be noted that if the measured value deviates from the arithmetic mean by more than ±20%, the measured value is excluded and a new measurement is performed.

[0406] (Measurement conditions)

[0407] • Loading speed: 0.3 μN / s

[0408] • Duration: 5 seconds

[0409] • Load unloading speed: 0.3 μN / s

[0410] • Measurement temperature: 25℃

[0411] Next, the composite elastic modulus Er is calculated using the contact projection area Ap obtained from the measured indentation hardness (HIT) of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, and then using the above mathematical formula (1).

[0412] The thickness of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer can be appropriately set, aiming to achieve thin film formation and bend resistance while exhibiting sufficient ultraviolet absorption characteristics. It can be 1.5μm or more, or 2μm or more, or 7μm or less, or 5μm or less.

[0413] It should be noted that the thickness of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer here includes the thickness of the permeation region.

[0414] 2. Top A layer

[0415] Layer A is a layer that satisfies the relationship Nx>Ny≈Nz.

[0416] The positive A layer preferably contains a liquid crystal component as its main component. The main component refers to 50% or more by mass of the total solid content of the positive A layer, preferably 70% or more by mass, and more preferably 90% or more by mass.

[0417] The liquid crystal component forming the positive A layer is preferably a polymeric liquid crystal compound having polymerizable functional groups within its molecule. By giving the liquid crystal component polymerizable functional groups, it is easier to react in the penetration region by combining with a large number of ultraviolet absorbers in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, thus easily improving the adhesion at the interface. In addition, by having polymerizable functional groups, the liquid crystal compound can be polymerized and fixed, resulting in excellent alignment stability and making it less prone to time-dependent phase difference changes.

[0418] More preferably, polymerizable liquid crystal compounds have two or more polymerizable functional groups within their molecules. By having two or more polymerizable functional groups, the three-dimensional orientation of the liquid crystal compound can be made more stable, and the time-dependent changes in phase difference can be suppressed.

[0419] Examples of polymerizable functional groups include those that polymerize under the influence of ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet light or electron beams, or by heat. Free radical polymerizable functional groups are a prime example. Representative examples of free radical polymerizable functional groups include those having at least one addition-polymerizable olefinic unsaturated double bond; specific examples include vinyl, acryloyl, methacryloyl, acryloyloxy, and methacryloyloxy groups, with or without substituents.

[0420] Furthermore, as the polymerizable functional group, commonly known cationic polymerizable functional groups can be used. Specifically, examples include alicyclic ether groups (epoxy groups, oxetyl groups, etc.), cyclic acetal groups, cyclic lactone groups, cyclic imino ether groups, cyclic thioether groups, spirocyclic orthoester groups, and vinyloxy groups. Among these, alicyclic ether groups and vinyloxy groups are preferred, and epoxy groups, oxetyl groups, and vinyloxy groups are more preferred.

[0421] Furthermore, liquid crystal compounds are particularly preferably found to have polymerizable functional groups at their ends. By using such liquid crystal compounds, for example, the ends of the liquid crystal compounds can be polymerized to form a three-dimensionally aligned state, thus enabling the production of a positive A layer with stability and excellent optical properties.

[0422] The liquid crystal compound can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When used alone, the liquid crystal compound is preferably a polymerizable liquid crystal compound. Furthermore, when using two or more liquid crystal compounds in combination, it is preferable that at least one is a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and more preferably that all of them are polymerizable liquid crystal compounds.

[0423] The liquid crystal compound used in the positive A layer can be a uniformly oriented liquid crystal compound. A uniformly oriented liquid crystal compound can be a material composed of a liquid crystal polymer or a liquid crystal monomer. Uniform orientation refers to the orientation of the long axis of the liquid crystal compound molecules along the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the positive A layer preferably displays a smectic phase. Here, a smectic phase refers to a state in which molecules have a phase structure consistent in one direction.

[0424] From the perspective of the solubility and orientation of the liquid crystal compound, and the ease of forming the permeation region into the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, the liquid crystal compound of the positive A layer can be a liquid crystal monomer with a molecular weight of 250 to 2000.

[0425] Examples of liquid crystal compounds used as the positive A layer include disc-shaped liquid crystal materials (disc-shaped liquid crystal materials) and rod-shaped liquid crystal materials.

[0426] The liquid crystal compound for the positive A layer can be made of common materials, such as: compounds represented by general formula (I) as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-297210, compounds represented by general formula (1) as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-84032, liquid crystal compound A0 as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-53709, and polymerizable liquid crystal compounds as described in paragraphs 0057 to 0064 of International Publication No. 2018 / 003498. The liquid crystal compound for the positive A layer can also be compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (19).

[0427] [Chemical Formula 12]

[0428] [Chemical Formula 13]

[0429] g is an integer from 2 to 5.

[0430] [Chemical Formula 14]

[0431] To form a positive A layer exhibiting antidispersion properties, a polymeric liquid crystal compound exhibiting antidispersion properties can be used.

[0432] As a polymeric liquid crystal compound in the positive A layer, specifically, in addition to the polymeric liquid crystal compound shown by the following general formula (1) described in Japanese Patent No. 6473537, the liquid crystal compound shown by general formula (II) in International Publication No. WO2017 / 043438, the polymeric liquid crystal compound described in Japanese Patent Nos. 5463666, 4186981, 5962760, 5826759, 6568103, 6427340, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-166344, and Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas (1996), 115(6), 321-328 may also be used.

[0433] [Chemical Formula 15]

[0434] General formula (1)

[0435] (The symbols in this general formula (1) are as described in Japanese Patent No. 6473537.)

[0436] In addition, examples of polymerizable liquid crystal compositions for the positive A layer include those described in paragraphs 0133 to 0143 of Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-174468 or those described in paragraphs 0083 to 0092 of Japanese Patent No. 6739621.

[0437] The preferred positive A layer has Re(450), Re(550), and Re(650) values ​​that satisfy the relationship in Equation (B) below. That is, the positive A layer can have inverse dispersion. As a positive A layer, by using a layer with inverse dispersion that satisfies the relationship in Equation (B) below, it is easy to achieve good visual recognition and anti-reflection properties in the wavelength region deviating from 550 nm.

[0438] Re(450) <Re(550)<Re(650) (B)

[0439] The Re(450), Re(550), and Re(650) values ​​of the positive A layer are not particularly limited, but when the positive A layer is set as a λ / 4 phase difference layer, the following ranges are preferred. The positive A layer is preferably a λ / 4 phase difference layer.

[0440] The lower limit of the in-plane phase difference of the λ / 4 phase difference layer is preferably 100 nm or more, more preferably 110 nm or more, and even more preferably 135 nm or more. Furthermore, the upper limit of the in-plane phase difference of the λ / 4 phase difference layer is preferably 180 nm or less, more preferably 160 nm or less, and even more preferably 150 nm or less.

[0441] By making the in-plane phase difference of the λ / 4 phase difference layer within the above range, it is easy to use as a circular polarizer to perform anti-reflection function when the λ / 4 phase difference layer is combined with a polarizing element.

[0442] In addition to liquid crystal compounds, the composition for forming the positive A layer may also contain polymerization initiators, leveling agents, and orientation promoters.

[0443] The composition for forming the positive A layer can be a polymeric liquid crystal composition.

[0444] The oriented liquid crystal compound is preferably fixed by maintaining its orientation through a polymerization reaction. The polymerization reaction includes thermal polymerization using a thermal polymerization initiator and photopolymerization using a photopolymerization initiator. Photopolymerization is preferred. Examples of photopolymerization initiators include: α-carbonyl compounds (refer to the specifications of U.S. Patent Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), azobin ethers (refer to the specification of U.S. Patent No. 2,448,828), α-hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic azobin compounds (refer to the specification of U.S. Patent No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (refer to the specifications of U.S. Patent Nos. 3,046,127 and 2,951,758), combinations of triarylimidazolium dimers and p-aminophenyl ketones (refer to the specification of U.S. Patent No. 3,549,367), acridine and phenazine compounds (refer to the specifications of Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 60-105,667 and U.S. Patent No. 4,239,850), and oxadiazole compounds (refer to the specification of U.S. Patent No. 4,212,970).

[0445] When the content of polymerization initiator is low, there is a tendency for poor curing; when the content of polymerization initiator is high, there is a tendency for the orientation of the liquid crystal compound to decrease. Therefore, the amount of polymerization initiator used relative to the total solid content of the composition for forming the positive A layer is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.50% by mass or more, and preferably 20.00% by mass or less, more preferably 10.00% by mass or less.

[0446] As leveling agents, fluorinated leveling agents and silicone leveling agents can be cited as examples, and conventionally known leveling agents can be appropriately selected and used.

[0447] When the leveling agent content is low, there is a tendency to not achieve sufficient leveling properties; when the leveling agent content is high, there is a tendency to cause adverse effects such as reduced defoaming properties. Therefore, the leveling agent content relative to the total solids content of the composition for forming the positive A layer is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and preferably 2.00% by mass or less, more preferably 1.00% by mass or less.

[0448] Solvents can be used in the polymeric liquid crystal composition used in the positive A layer. As with the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer of this disclosure described above, a suitable solvent can be selected from conventionally known solvents capable of dissolving or dispersing the components constituting the positive A layer. As a solvent, a solvent that readily dissolves the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer in a manner that facilitates the formation of the permeation region can be appropriately selected; examples include N-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, and cyclohexanone.

[0449] The concentration of solid components in the polymeric liquid crystal composition used in the positive A layer is not particularly limited, and can be 1% to 40% by mass, 5% to 30% by mass, or 10% to 25% by mass.

[0450] The positive A layer can be formed, for example, by coating a polymeric liquid crystal composition onto the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, heating it to the phase transition temperature of the polymeric liquid crystal composition to orient the liquid crystal components, and then subjecting the coating of the polymeric liquid crystal composition with the oriented liquid crystal components to ultraviolet irradiation.

[0451] Regarding the method for forming a coating of polymeric liquid crystal composition in the process of aligning the liquid crystal components, and the method for heating to the phase transition temperature, conventionally known methods can be used, and there are no particular limitations.

[0452] Regarding the coating method and heating method, the same methods as those used in the manufacturing method of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer can be used.

[0453] The heating temperature varies depending on the substances in the composition and therefore needs to be adjusted accordingly. For example, it can be carried out in the range of 40°C to 200°C, and more specifically in the range of 40°C to 150°C.

[0454] The heating time can also be adjusted appropriately, for example, it can be carried out in the range of 10 seconds to 30 minutes, and further in the range of 30 seconds to 10 minutes.

[0455] To ensure that the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer includes a region at the positive A layer side interface permeated with the liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer, examples include controlling the crosslinking dosage and acid catalyst amount of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer formation composition, and controlling the heating temperature and heating time in the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer formation process. Furthermore, when forming the positive A layer, examples include controlling the solvent type and solid component concentration of the polymeric liquid crystal composition for forming the positive A layer, and the heating temperature and heating time in the positive A layer formation process.

[0456] For example, by reducing the crosslinking dosage and acid catalyst amount in the composition for forming the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer, the hardness of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer decreases, making it easier to form permeation regions. Furthermore, by reducing the heating temperature and heating time, it is also possible to control the formation of permeation regions through the same effect.

[0457] Furthermore, by using highly soluble solvents, such as N-methylpyrrolidone or tetrahydrofuran, as solvents in the polymeric liquid crystal composition for forming the positive A layer, it is easier for the solvent to penetrate into the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, thus facilitating the formation of a penetration region. Additionally, by reducing the solid content concentration of the polymeric liquid crystal composition for forming the positive A layer, the amount of solvent penetrating increases, making it easier to form a penetration region. Moreover, by lowering the heating temperature and reducing the solvent evaporation rate during the formation of the positive A layer, the solvent penetration time can be controlled, enabling the formation of a penetration region. Furthermore, by increasing the heating time, the penetration time of the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal composition for forming the positive A layer can be increased, thus controlling the process to facilitate the formation of a penetration region.

[0458] By subjecting a coating of a polymeric liquid crystal composition in which the liquid crystal components have been oriented to ultraviolet light, a polymerization reaction occurs, causing the polymeric groups of the polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the positive A layer to polymerize with each other. Since the orientation layer, which also functions as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, possesses the specified ultraviolet absorption characteristics, the ultraviolet absorber contained in the orientation layer, which also functions as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, generates heat when the coating is subjected to ultraviolet light. This promotes the polymerization reaction of the liquid crystal components in the orientation layer, which also functions as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, in the permeation region. In the permeation region, the positive A layer and the orientation layer, which also functions as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, are more firmly bonded, resulting in high adhesion and improved hygrothermal adhesion.

[0459] The ultraviolet irradiation method can use the methods that are already known.

[0460] Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can utilize UV ​​light emitted from ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, high pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, carbon arc lamps, xenon arc lamps, metal halide lamps, etc. For example, unpolarized UV light containing a bright line of 365 nm can be emitted using an Hg-Xe lamp under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0461] The amount of ultraviolet radiation can be selected appropriately, and can be taken as the cumulative exposure at a wavelength of 365nm, for example, 100mJ / cm². 2 Above and 1000mJ / cm 2 Within the following range.

[0462] The lower limit of the thickness of the positive A layer is preferably 0.1 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and even more preferably 1.5 μm or more. Furthermore, the upper limit of the thickness of the positive A layer is preferably 5.0 μm or less, more preferably 4.0 μm or less, and even more preferably 3.0 μm or less.

[0463] By setting the thickness of the positive A layer to the above range, it is easy to thin the optical laminate, and it is easy to set the in-plane phase difference of the λ / 4 phase difference layer, which is the positive A layer, to the above range.

[0464] 3. Substrate

[0465] In the optical laminates disclosed herein, for example, as Figure 2 As shown, it may include substrate 4.

[0466] In optical laminates, the substrate can be a glass substrate, a metal foil, a resin substrate, etc. Preferably, the substrate is transparent, and it can be appropriately selected from conventionally known transparent substrates. Besides glass substrates, transparent substrates can also be made from acetylcellulose resins such as triacetylcellulose, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polylactic acid, olefin resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polymethylpentene, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, vinyl chloride resins, nylon, polyamide resins such as aromatic polyamides, polyimide resins, vinylidene chloride resins, vinyl alcohol resins, vinyl butyral resins, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyether, polyetherketone, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, cyclic olefin polymers, and cyclic olefin copolymers.

[0467] In this embodiment, cellulose derivatives or polyethylene terephthalate are preferably used. This is because cellulose derivatives have particularly excellent optical isotropy, thus enabling the production of materials with excellent optical properties. Furthermore, polyethylene terephthalate is preferred from the perspectives of high transparency and excellent mechanical properties.

[0468] The transmittance of the aforementioned transparent substrate in the visible light region is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more. Here, the transmittance of the transparent substrate can be measured by JIS K7361-1 (Test method for total transmittance of plastic-transparent materials).

[0469] The substrate, for example, serves as a support for the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer. However, considering the thinning of the image display device, a peelable substrate is preferred. In other words, a peelable substrate is preferred so that the substrate does not remain inside the image display device. For example, if the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer are bonded to other components of the image display device (e.g., polarizing elements), and then the peelable substrate is removed, it can help to reduce the thinning of the image display device.

[0470] Peelable substrates include, for example, the transparent resin substrate itself, or substrates whose surfaces have been treated with a common release agent.

[0471] The thickness of the substrate is not particularly limited, depending on the application of the optical laminate, as long as it provides the necessary self-support.

[0472] From the viewpoint of processability, the thickness of the substrate is preferably 15 μm or more at the lower limit, more preferably 25 μm or more, even more preferably 30 μm or more, and even more preferably 40 μm or more at the lower limit. From the viewpoint of lengthening the optical laminate, the upper limit is preferably 150 μm or less, more preferably 125 μm or less, and even more preferably 100 μm or less.

[0473] Where the substrate does not remain in the image display device, the thickness of the substrate is preferably 15 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0474] Furthermore, when the substrate remains within the image display device, the thickness of the substrate is preferably 15 μm or more and 60 μm or less. In particular, when optical laminates are used in foldable and rollable image display devices, the thickness of the substrate is preferably set to the above range (15 μm or more and 60 μm or less) to balance flexibility and strength.

[0475] The substrate used in this embodiment is not limited to a single-layer structure, but may also have a structure with multiple layers stacked. In the case of a structure with multiple layers stacked, layers with the same composition may be stacked, or multiple layers with different compositions may be stacked.

[0476] 4. Other layers

[0477] The optical laminate of this disclosure may have other layers without impairing the effects of this disclosure. Examples of other layers include a phase retardation layer different from the positive A layer, such as a positive C layer, a positive A layer different from the positive A layer, a gas barrier layer, an adhesive layer, a surface protective layer, and an alignment film for other phase retardation layers.

[0478] As for these other layers, it is appropriate to choose to use previously known layers.

[0479] 5. Physical properties of optical laminates

[0480] The optical laminate disclosed herein is an optical laminate having a positive A layer and an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%.

[0481] From the perspective of blue light shielding and light degradation suppression of the positive A layer, the transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380nm can be less than 0.5%, less than 0.3%, or less than 0.1%.

[0482] Furthermore, from the perspective of further suppressing the light degradation of display elements such as organic light-emitting elements, the transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 400 nm can be 10.0% or less, 5.0% or less, or 3.0% or less.

[0483] The transmittance of the optical laminate was determined by measuring the range from 250 nm to 800 nm at 1 nm intervals using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

[0484] In the optical laminate disclosed herein, the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer which also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer has an in-plane phase difference Re of more than 110 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, and the total thickness of the positive A layer and the orientation layer which also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer can be more than 1.6 μm and less than 12.0 μm.

[0485] Furthermore, the in-plane phase difference Re at a wavelength of 550 nm can be above 120 nm, and further above 135 nm. The upper limit of the in-plane phase difference Re can be below 180 nm, further below 160 nm, or below 150 nm.

[0486] The combined thickness of the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer is preferably 2.5 μm or more, more preferably 3.5 μm or more. Furthermore, the combined thickness of the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer is preferably 10.0 μm or less, more preferably 8.0 μm or less, and from the perspective of thin film formation, preferably 7.0 μm or less.

[0487] In the optical laminate disclosed herein, when evaluating the adhesion between the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer by the following adhesion test 1, the number of unpeeled grid segments in the grid pattern is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 100%.

[0488] (Seamless Test 1)

[0489] In JIS K5600-5-6:1999, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is changed from 6 to 11, and the peeling of the tape in step 7.2.6 is changed to repeating the process 5 times each time using a new tape. In addition, according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999, under the condition that the number of cuts in each direction of the grid pattern is 11 and the cut interval is 1mm, cuts are made from the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer side to the positive A layer, and the adhesion between the positive A layer and the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated.

[0490] It should be noted that, regarding the aforementioned adhesion test 1, in JIS K5600-5-6:1999, for a more detailed evaluation, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is increased, and for a higher degree of adhesion evaluation, the tape peeling in step 7.2.6 is changed to using new tape each time and repeating the process 5 times.

[0491] After a damp heat resistance test (temperature 60°C, relative humidity 95%, 500 hours) is conducted on the optical laminate of the present disclosure and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer, the adhesion between the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer is evaluated by the following adhesion test 2. The number of unpeeled grid sections in the grid pattern is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 100%.

[0492] (Sealing Test 2)

[0493] In JIS K5600-5-6:1999, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is changed from 6 to 11. Otherwise, according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999, under the condition that the number of cuts in each direction of the grid pattern is 11 and the cut interval is 1mm, cuts are made from the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer side to the positive A layer, and the adhesion between the positive A layer and the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated.

[0494] It should be noted that, regarding the aforementioned airtightness test 2, in JIS K5600-5-6:1999, for a more detailed evaluation, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 has been added.

[0495] The optical laminate disclosed herein can be thinned by directly stacking a positive A layer on an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0496] The optical laminate disclosed herein can be used as an optical component with excellent ultraviolet absorption function in various image display devices aimed at thinning.

[0497] The optical laminate containing the positive A layer disclosed herein is used as a circular polarizer, for example, in the form of a combination of a λ / 4 phase difference plate and a linear polarizer in an organic electroluminescent display device. It is preferred from the perspective of using it as an external light reflection anti-reflection film. In addition, it is suitable as part of a polarizer compensation film in a liquid crystal display device.

[0498] IB. Transfer Laminates

[0499] The transfer laminate disclosed herein has a support that peelably supports the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer on the side of the optical laminate of the present disclosure, and is used for transferring the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer.

[0500] According to the transfer laminate of this embodiment described above, the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer of the optical laminate of this disclosure, for example, a thin film without a substrate, can be transferred to any other optical component.

[0501] According to this embodiment, the transfer laminate can, for example, provide... Figure 1 The example shown is a substrate-free optical laminate 10 consisting only of the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer. As long as it is substrate-free and at least the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer can be peeled off, other layers may be further laminated on the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer for transfer of the laminate for transfer.

[0502] The layer structure of the transfer laminate is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 4 An embodiment of the transfer laminate of this disclosure is shown.

[0503] Figure 4 One embodiment of the transfer laminate 151 illustrated in the figure has an alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 directly connected to the support 11 and a positive A layer 2 directly connected to the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1, wherein the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 includes a region 3 permeated with liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer.

[0504] Figure 4 The example of a transfer laminate is as follows: by making the peel strength between the support 11 and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 less than the peel strength between the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 and the positive A layer 2, the support 11 and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 are peeled at the interface, and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 and the positive A layer 2 can be transferred.

[0505] The following describes this embodiment. The configuration of the orientation layer, ultraviolet absorption layer, positive A layer, and other layers other than the support can be the same as that of the "IA. Optical laminate" described above, so the description here is omitted.

[0506] The support for the transfer laminate can also be the same support as the substrate described in "IA. Optical Laminate".

[0507] As described above, the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 and positive A layer 2 of this disclosure have high adhesion and therefore high peel strength. Thus, it is easy to make the peel strength between the support 11 and the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 less than the peel strength between the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 and the positive A layer 2.

[0508] Furthermore, to ensure that the peel strength between the support 11 and the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer 1 is less than the peel strength between the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer 1 and the positive A layer 2, a demolding treatment can be applied to the surface of the support, or a demolding layer can be formed. This improves the peelability of the support, making it easier to ensure that the peel strength between the support and the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer is less than the peel strength between the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and the positive A layer.

[0509] As a demolding process, surface treatments such as fluorine treatment and silicone treatment can be cited as examples.

[0510] Materials used as release agents include, for example, fluorinated release agents, silicone release agents, and wax-based release agents. Methods for forming the release layer include, for example, applying the release agent by dipping, spraying, or roller coating.

[0511] The support used in the transfer laminate may or may not be flexible, but from the perspective of easy peeling off the substrate, flexibility is preferred.

[0512] From the viewpoint of having both sufficient self-supporting strength and flexibility to adapt to the manufacturing of the transfer laminate and the transfer process of this embodiment, generally, in the case of the above-mentioned material sheet, the thickness of the support used in the transfer laminate is preferably in the range of 20 μm or more and 200 μm or less.

[0513] The positive A layer and the alignment layer / ultraviolet absorption layer provided by the transfer laminate of this disclosure are suitable for the same purpose as the optical laminate, and can be transferred to optical components for various display devices, and are suitable for providing thin film optical components.

[0514] The positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer, which can be provided by the transfer laminate of this disclosure, can be laminated onto the polarizing element via an adhesive layer. Furthermore, the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer, which can be provided by the transfer laminate of this disclosure, can be transferred via an adhesive layer to the polarizing element side of a laminate in which the polarizing element and the λ / 4 retardation plate are sequentially laminated, or via an adhesive layer to the polarizing element side of a laminate in which the polarizing element, the λ / 4 retardation plate, and the positive C layer are sequentially laminated.

[0515] IC. Polarizing plate

[0516] This disclosure provides a polarizer having the optical laminate and polarizing element described herein.

[0517] The polarizer disclosed herein may be a polarizer having a polarizing element and the optical laminate of the present disclosure, wherein the optical laminate of the present disclosure serves as a transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

[0518] The polarizer of this embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the polarizer. Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the polarizer.

[0519] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The polarizer 30 has a polarizing element 20 and a transparent protective plate (21) located on one side of the polarizing element. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The transparent protective plate (21) is the optical laminate 10 of the present disclosure. Figure 5 In the present disclosure, the optical laminate 10, which serves as a transparent protective plate (21), represents an embodiment in which the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 is located on the side farther away from the polarizing element 20 than the positive A layer 2. Figure 6 In this embodiment, the optical laminate 10 of the present disclosure, which serves as a transparent protective plate (21), represents an embodiment in which the positive A layer 2 is located on a side further away from the polarizing element 20 than the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1.

[0520] Thus, in the polarizer of this disclosure, the orientation of the optical laminate, which serves as a transparent protective plate, relative to the polarizing element is arbitrary; any orientation is acceptable. For example, Figure 5As shown, in an embodiment where the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 is located further away from the polarizing element 20 than the positive A layer 2, by using a polarizer with the alignment layer / UV absorption layer located on the visible side, the positive A layer and the like can be protected from the effects of UV light with a simple configuration, thereby improving the lightfastness of the polarizer.

[0521] It should be noted that in the polarizer disclosed herein, the polarizing element and the transparent protective plate can be bonded together using an adhesive. Figure 5 and Figure 6 (The middle adhesive layer is not shown). In the polarizer of this disclosure, the polarizing element and the transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element can be adjacent to each other through the adhesive layer or directly connected.

[0522] Furthermore, the polarizer disclosed herein may be a polarizer having a polarizing element, a transparent protective plate A located on one side of the polarizing element, and a transparent protective plate B located on the other side of the polarizing element, wherein at least one of the transparent protective plate A and the transparent protective plate B is an optical laminate of the present disclosure. In the polarizer of the present disclosure, both the transparent protective plate A and the transparent protective plate B can be an optical laminate of the present disclosure.

[0523] The polarizer of this embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 7 and Figure 8 These are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating another embodiment of the polarizer.

[0524] Figure 7 The polarizer 30 has a polarizing element 20, a transparent protective plate A (21) located on one side of the polarizing element, and a transparent protective plate B (22) located on the other side of the polarizing element. Figure 7 The transparent protective plate A (21) is the optical laminate 10 of the present disclosure. Figure 8 The polarizer 30 has a polarizing element 20, a transparent protective plate A (21) located on one side of the polarizing element, and a transparent protective plate B (22) located on the other side of the polarizing element. Figure 8 The transparent protective plates A (21) and B (22) are the optical laminate 10 of this disclosure. It should be noted that in the polarizer, the polarizing element and the transparent protective plate can be bonded together using an adhesive. Figure 7 and Figure 8 (Intermediate adhesive layer not shown).

[0525] 1. Polarizing element

[0526] Examples of polarizing elements include sheet-type polarizing elements such as polyvinyl alcohol films, polyvinyl alcohol formal films, polyvinyl alcohol acetal films, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified films, which are formed by dyeing and stretching with iodine or the like; wire grid-type polarizing elements containing multiple parallel metal wires; coated polarizing elements coated with lyotropic liquid crystals or dichroic guest-host materials; and multilayer thin-film polarizing elements. It should be noted that these polarizing elements can also be reflective polarizing elements that reflect but do not transmit polarized light components.

[0527] 2. Transparent protective panel

[0528] A transparent protective plate is disposed on at least one side of the polarizer. The transparent protective plates can be disposed on both sides of the polarizing element. That is, a transparent protective plate A can be disposed on one side of the polarizing element, and a transparent protective plate B can be disposed on the other side.

[0529] A transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element can be an optical laminate of the present disclosure. In the case of a polarizer having a transparent protective plate A located on one side of the polarizing element and a transparent protective plate B located on the other side of the polarizing element, at least one of the transparent protective plate A and the transparent protective plate B can be an optical laminate of the present disclosure. Both transparent protective plate A and transparent protective plate B can be optical laminates of the present disclosure. If either transparent protective plate A or transparent protective plate B is an optical laminate of the present disclosure, the other can be an optical laminate different from the optical laminate of the present disclosure, such as a positive A layer.

[0530] Both transparent protective plates A and B may contain a λ / 4 phase difference layer, or either transparent protective plate A or transparent protective plate B may be the optical laminate of the present disclosure, with the positive A layer being a λ / 4 phase difference layer and the other being a positive A layer serving as a λ / 4 phase difference layer.

[0531] Examples of transparent protective plates A and B, other than the optical laminate, include plastic films and glass. Examples of plastic films include cellulose acetyl cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose, polyester films, polycarbonate films, cyclic olefin polymer films, and acrylic films; from a mechanical strength perspective, stretched films of these are preferred. Examples of glass include alkali glass, nitride glass, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, and lead glass. Furthermore, the glass used as a transparent protective plate for polarizing elements can also be used as other components of an image display device (e.g., the glass substrate for a liquid crystal display element, the surface plate of an image display device).

[0532] It should be noted that the polarizing element and the transparent protective plate are preferably bonded together using an adhesive. A general-purpose adhesive can be used, but a PVA-based adhesive is preferred.

[0533] When the positive A layer is a λ / 4 phase difference layer, it is preferable to arrange the absorption axis of the polarizing element at 45 degrees ± 5 degrees to the slow axis of the positive A layer, more preferably at 45 degrees ± 3 degrees, and even more preferably at 45 degrees ± 1 degree. By arranging it with the above-mentioned angular relationship, it can function as a circular polarizer.

[0534] The polarizer disclosed herein is preferably used as a polarizer on the light-emitting surface of a display element. Furthermore, when used as described above, it is preferable to use the transparent protective plate located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element as the optical laminate of this disclosure. Additionally, within the polarizer, the alignment layer / UV absorption layer of the optical laminate of this disclosure is preferably located on a side further away from the display element than the positive A layer. This is because by using the polarizer with the alignment layer / UV absorption layer of the optical laminate of this disclosure located on the visible side, it is possible to easily protect the positive A layer and the like from the effects of external UV light, thereby improving the lightfastness of the polarizer.

[0535] ID. Display Panel

[0536] The display panel disclosed herein has the optical laminate described above on the surface of the light emitting surface of the display element.

[0537] The display panel disclosed herein has the optical laminate of the present disclosure on the light emitting surface side of the display element. In addition to the optical properties and durability of the optical laminate of the present disclosure, it can also provide excellent ultraviolet absorption function and improve the light resistance of the display element.

[0538] Within the display panel, the optical laminate of the present disclosure preferably has its alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer located further away from the display element than the positive A layer. This is because by protecting the positive A layer and the like from the effects of ultraviolet radiation from external light with a simple configuration, the lightfastness of the display panel can be improved.

[0539] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the display panel 50 of this disclosure. Figure 9 The display panel 50 has the optical laminate 10 of the present disclosure stacked on the surface of the display element 40 on the light emitting surface side.

[0540] When the display element of the display panel is a liquid crystal display element, a backlight (not shown) is required behind the liquid crystal display element. As the backlight, either an edge-lit backlight or a direct-lit backlight can be used. Furthermore, LEDs, CCFLs, etc., can be used as the backlight source, but from the viewpoint of easily improving color reproduction, a backlight using quantum dots as the light source is preferred.

[0541] The display panel disclosed herein may have the polarizer described above on the light emitting surface side of the display element.

[0542] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the display panel 50 of this disclosure. Figure 10 The display panel 50 has the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure stacked on the surface of the display element 40 on the light emitting surface side.

[0543] The display panel disclosed herein may have the polarizer disclosed herein on the surface of the light emitting surface of the display element. The polarizer disclosed herein includes a polarizing element and an optical laminate disclosed herein, and the optical laminate disclosed herein serves as a transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

[0544] Figures 11-15 These are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating another example of the display panel 50 of this disclosure.

[0545] Figure 11 and Figure 12 The display panel 50 shows an embodiment in which the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure is stacked on the surface of the display element 40 on the light emitting surface side, and the optical stack 10 is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizer 20. Figure 11 The diagram shows an embodiment in which the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 of the optical laminate 10 in the polarizer 30 is located on a side further away from the display element 40 than the positive A layer 2. Figure 12 The diagram shows an embodiment in which the positive A layer 2 of the optical stack 10 in the polarizer 30 is located further away from the display element 40 than the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1. In the display panel of this disclosure, the orientation of the optical stack relative to the polarizing element is arbitrary; any orientation is acceptable. By employing this configuration, blackouts when viewing the image display device with polarized sunglasses can be suppressed. Wherein, as... Figure 11 As shown, in an embodiment where the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 is located further away from the polarizing element 20 than the positive A layer 2, by placing the alignment layer / UV absorption layer on the visible side, the positive A layer 2 and the like can be protected from the effects of UV radiation from external light with a simple configuration, thereby improving the lightfastness of the display panel.

[0546] Figure 13 The display panel 50 is an embodiment in which the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure is stacked on the surface of the display element 40 on the side of the light emitting surface, and the polarizing element 20 is located on a side further away from the display element than the optical laminate 10. By adopting this configuration, the display panel of the present disclosure can provide an image display device with the function of preventing external light reflection.

[0547] exist Figure 13 In the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure in the display panel 50, the orientation of the optical laminate of the present disclosure relative to the stacked arrangement of the polarizing elements is arbitrary. Although not illustrated, Figure 13 In the aforementioned optical laminate 10, the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer may be located on a side further away from the display element 40 than the positive A layer, and the positive A layer may be located on a side further away from the display element 40 than the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0548] Figure 14 The display panel 50 is shown in the following embodiment: a polarizer 30 of the present disclosure is stacked on the light-emitting surface side of the display element 40. In the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure, the optical laminate 10, as a transparent protective plate 21, is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element 20. A positive A layer 24 is provided on the opposite side of the optical laminate 10, with reference to the polarizing element 20. The positive A layer 24 may be a transparent protective plate 22 located on the other side of the polarizing element in the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure. Figure 14 The diagram shows an embodiment in which the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 of the optical stack 10 in the polarizer 30 is located further away from the display element 40 than the positive A layer 2. However, the orientation of the optical stack of this disclosure relative to the polarizing element is arbitrary. Although not shown, in... Figure 14 In the optical laminate 10, the positive A layer 2 can be located further away from the display element 40 than the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1. Alternatively, although not shown, it can also be... Figure 14 Based on the positive A layer 24, a positive C layer is further provided on the opposite side of the polarization element 20.

[0549] Figure 15 The display panel 50 is shown in the following embodiment: a polarizer 30 of the present disclosure is stacked on the light-emitting surface side of the display element 40. In the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure, the optical laminate 10 is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element 20. Based on the polarizing element 20, an optical laminate 10' of the present disclosure is also provided on the opposite side of the optical laminate 10. The optical laminate 10' of the present disclosure may be a transparent protective plate 22 located on the other side of the polarizing element in the polarizer 30 of the present disclosure. Figure 15The diagram illustrates an embodiment in which, in polarizer 30, the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 of optical laminate 10 is located further away from display element 40 than the positive A layer 2, and the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1' of optical laminate 10' is located further away from display element 40 than the positive A layer 2'. However, the orientation of the optical laminates 10 and 10' in this disclosure relative to the polarizing element is arbitrary. Furthermore, although not shown, it is also possible to... Figure 15 Based on the aforementioned optical laminate 10', a positive C layer is further provided on the opposite side of the polarizing element 20.

[0550] exist Figure 14 and Figure 15 In the display panel, when the positive A layers 2 and 2' of the optical stack 10 and 10' are λ / 4 phase retardation plates and the positive A layer 24 is a λ / 4 phase retardation plate, the polarizer 30 is used as a circular polarizer in the form of a combination of a λ / 4 phase retardation plate and a linear polarizer. When it is combined with the display element 40 and the organic EL display element, it is preferred from the perspective of using it as an external light reflection anti-reflection film. In addition, when it is combined with the display element 40 and the liquid crystal display element, it is suitable to use it as part of the polarizer compensation film.

[0551] Examples of display elements include liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic EL displays, inorganic EL displays, plasma displays, electronic paper displays, LED displays (such as micro LEDs), and displays using quantum dots. These display elements can also have touch panel functionality within their internal components.

[0552] The display panel 50 of this disclosure can further possess a conventionally known layer configuration simply by having the optical laminate 10 or the polarizer 30 of this disclosure on the light-emitting surface side of the display element 40. For example, the display panel 50 of this disclosure may further possess a conventionally known layer configuration between the display element 40 and the optical laminate 10 or polarizer 30 of this disclosure, on the side of the optical laminate 10 or polarizer 30 away from the display element.

[0553] Examples of such previously known constructs include, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-72792 and Japanese Patent No. 7365211, but are not limited to these.

[0554] IE (Image Display Device)

[0555] The image display device disclosed herein is not particularly limited as long as it has the display panel of this disclosure, but it is preferred to have the display panel of this disclosure, a drive control unit electrically connected to the display panel, and a housing that houses them.

[0556] The image display device can also be a foldable image display device or a rollable image display device. In addition, the image display device can also be an image display device with a touch panel.

[0557] It should be noted that in the image display device disclosed herein, other components besides the optical laminate can be appropriately selected from known configurations.

[0558] This disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above. The embodiments described above are illustrative examples, and embodiments that have substantially the same structure and perform the same effects as those described in the claims of this disclosure are all included within the technical scope of this disclosure.

[0559] II. The Second Publication

[0560] II-A. Optical laminate

[0561] This disclosure provides an optical laminate comprising a positive A layer and an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%. The following condition (1) must be met.

[0562] Condition (1): The change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe at a wavelength of 550nm before and after the damp heat resistance test (temperature 60℃, relative humidity 95%, 500 hours) of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer is less than 3.0nm.

[0563] Figure 16 and Figure 17 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an optical laminate of the present disclosure. Figure 16 The optical laminate 10 illustrated herein includes a positive A layer 2 and an alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 directly connected to the positive A layer 2.

[0564] The optical laminate disclosed herein may further include a substrate. Figure 17 The optical laminate 10 illustrated herein has an alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 directly bonded to the substrate 4 and a positive A layer 2 directly bonded to the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1.

[0565] In one embodiment of the optical laminate, the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1, the positive A layer 2, and other functional layers can be stacked sequentially, for example, by means of an adhesive, and stacked with other positive C layers and positive A layers (not shown).

[0566] Furthermore, in the optical laminate of this disclosure, from the perspective of reducing the thickness after manufacturing, by peeling off the substrate 4 after manufacturing, it is possible to achieve the following: Figure 16 That does not contain a base material.

[0567] The optical laminate disclosed herein is an optical laminate having a positive A layer and an orientation layer that is also an ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer. The optical laminate has a transmittance of less than 1.0% at a wavelength of 380 nm and a transmittance of less than 20.0% at a wavelength of 400 nm. It also has the characteristics that satisfy the above condition (1), thereby having excellent ultraviolet absorption capacity and excellent moisture and heat sealing properties, which is conducive to thin film production and increased productivity.

[0568] In the optical laminate disclosed herein, the alignment layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet-absorbing layer, directly adhering to the positive A layer, contains a large amount of ultraviolet absorber to exhibit specified ultraviolet absorption characteristics. This is controlled by minimizing the change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe before and after a specific damp heat resistance test of the optical laminate to a specified value. It is speculated that by controlling the change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe before and after the damp heat resistance test to a specified value, the large amount of ultraviolet absorber will not leach into the positive A layer under damp heat conditions, thus suppressing changes in the liquid crystal composition at the interface between the alignment layer / ultraviolet-absorbing layer and the positive A layer. Furthermore, it is speculated that the protective function under damp heat conditions provided by the large amount of ultraviolet absorber, combined with the synergistic effect of suppressing changes in the liquid crystal composition at the interface caused by damp heat, also improves damp heat adhesion.

[0569] The optical laminate disclosed herein has excellent ultraviolet absorption capabilities, thus it can block blue light and inhibit eye damage, and improve the light resistance of the optical laminate.

[0570] In addition, the optical laminate disclosed herein directly laminates the positive A layer and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer with good adhesion, eliminating the need for UV absorption layers that are laminated in different layers as in the past. Therefore, the thickness can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be made more efficient, increasing productivity.

[0571] For the optical laminate of this disclosure, in the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, there can be a relatively larger amount of light orientation component at the interface of the positive A layer compared to the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0572] In the thickness direction of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer, if the photo-alignment component is relatively abundant at the interface of the positive A layer, then even if the photo-alignment component is small in quantity, it will be sufficiently present on the surface of the positive A layer, thus enabling the liquid crystal alignment capability of the positive A layer to be horizontally aligned. On the other hand, the side of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer can contain a large amount of UV absorber, resulting in excellent UV absorption capability.

[0573] In the thickness direction of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer, if the photo-alignment component is predominantly present at the interface of the positive A layer, it is possible to achieve both excellent alignment capability and excellent UV absorption capability at the positive A layer side with a thinner film. Furthermore, if the photo-alignment component is predominantly present at the interface of the positive A layer, it exhibits excellent alignment capability, thus allowing the manufacturing process of the positive A layer to be adjusted to milder conditions. In addition, if the photo-alignment component is predominantly present at the interface of the positive A layer, it has the advantage that the liquid crystal alignment capability is not easily compromised when a third additive is added to the alignment layer / UV absorption layer for further functionalization.

[0574] The components contained in the optical laminate are described in detail below.

[0575] 1. Orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0576] The alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 disclosed herein is a layer that exhibits the specified ultraviolet absorption capability and is directly connected to the positive A layer 2, thus also having the liquid crystal alignment capability to make the positive A layer horizontally aligned.

[0577] The orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 disclosed herein may contain a photo-orienting component and an ultraviolet absorber.

[0578] The orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 disclosed herein is not particularly limited. From the perspective of easily satisfying the above-mentioned characteristics, it can be a cured product of a thermosetting composition comprising a photooriented component, an ultraviolet absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent. At least one of the photooriented component and the ultraviolet absorber may have a thermal crosslinking group capable of reacting with the thermal crosslinking agent. The ultraviolet absorber typically contains hydroxyl groups that function as thermal crosslinking groups. From the perspectives of photooriented properties and inhibition of exudation, as well as improving hygrothermal adhesion, both the photooriented component and the ultraviolet absorber may have thermal crosslinking groups.

[0579] When the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer 1 is a cured product of a thermosetting composition comprising a photo-orienting component, a UV absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent, its crosslinking structure improves the film's heat resistance, solvent resistance, and durability. Compared to a cured product of a photocurable composition, the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer 1 is less prone to hardening and more easily becomes flexible, making curing easier to control. Furthermore, through the curing of the UV absorber, the photo-orienting component is fixed on the surface of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer, and is less likely to become disordered under the conditions for forming the positive A layer. Therefore, when polarized light is irradiated on the surface side of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer, the photo-orienting component easily enables the cured film to function as an orientation layer and thus easily functions as both an orientation layer and a UV absorbing layer.

[0580] Furthermore, when the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer 1 is a cured product of a thermosetting composition containing a photooriented component, an ultraviolet absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent, the optical laminate of this disclosure can directly laminate the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer with the positive A layer with good adhesion, which can reduce the thickness, and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer can easily have moderate flexibility, thus making it easy to have good bending resistance.

[0581] 1-1. Photooriented components

[0582] Examples of photo-orienting components include compounds containing photo-orienting groups as orientation portions, or polymers having photo-orienting constituent units containing photo-orienting groups in their side chains.

[0583] From the perspective that even when mixed with a UV absorber, the photoorientation of the orientation layer and UV absorber 1 is easily improved, and the solubility in solvents is good, a photoorientation polymer having photoorientation constituent units containing photoorientation groups in the side chains can be used.

[0584] The photoorientation component used in the second disclosure may be the same as the photoorientation component described in “1-1. Photoorientation Component” of the first disclosure.

[0585] 1-2. Ultraviolet absorbers

[0586] The ultraviolet absorber used in this disclosure may have a lower limit of maximum absorption wavelength of 350 nm or more, or 365 nm or more, and an upper limit of maximum absorption wavelength of 405 nm or less, or 403 nm or less.

[0587] The ultraviolet absorber used in the second disclosure may be the same as the ultraviolet absorber described in “1-2. Ultraviolet Absorbers” of the first disclosure.

[0588] Polymer materials can be used as ultraviolet absorbers. If an ultraviolet-absorbing polymer, polymerized at the moment of addition to the alignment layer / ultraviolet-absorbing layer composition, is used, it is easier to suppress phase difference changes in the positive A layer under humid heat, and the adhesion and humid heat adhesion to the positive A layer are easily improved. Furthermore, liquid crystal alignment capability is readily exhibited. It is speculated that if an ultraviolet-absorbing polymer is used in the alignment layer / ultraviolet-absorbing layer composition, the leakage of ultraviolet absorbers in the directly connected positive A layer is suppressed, and the alignment layer / ultraviolet-absorbing layer functions as a protective layer with good humid heat resistance, thereby easily suppressing phase difference changes in the positive A layer under humid heat, and easily improving the adhesion and humid heat adhesion to the positive A layer.

[0589] The ultraviolet-absorbing polymer used in the second disclosure may be the same as the ultraviolet-absorbing polymer described in “1-2. Ultraviolet Absorbers” of the first disclosure.

[0590] 1-3. Thermal crosslinking agent

[0591] When the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer is a cured product of a thermosetting composition containing a photooriented component, an ultraviolet absorber, and a thermal crosslinking agent, the thermal crosslinking agent is used in the formation of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer.

[0592] The thermal crosslinking agent used in the second disclosure may be the same as the thermal crosslinking agent described in “1-3. Thermal Crosslinking Agent” of the first disclosure.

[0593] 1-4. Acids or acid-producing agents

[0594] When the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer are the cured product of the thermosetting composition, the thermosetting composition may contain an acid or an acid-generating agent.

[0595] The acid or acid-producing agent used in the second disclosure may be the same as the acid or acid-producing agent described in “1-4. Acid or Acid-producing Agent” of the first disclosure above.

[0596] 1-5. Other ingredients

[0597] The composition used in the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer may contain other components.

[0598] Other ingredients used in the second disclosure may be the same as those described in “1-5. Other ingredients” of the first disclosure mentioned above.

[0599] 1-6. Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0600] The orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer disclosed herein can be formed, for example, by preparing a composition (coating solution) for the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer, which is obtained by dissolving or diluting the components constituting the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer as described above in a solvent, coating the composition onto a support and drying it.

[0601] The formation of the orientation layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer in the second disclosure can be the same as the formation of the orientation layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer described in "1-6. Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer" of the first disclosure.

[0602] 1-7. Composition of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0603] The orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer disclosed herein can be a film that contains an ultraviolet absorber and whose photo-oriented groups, which are photo-oriented components present on the surface, are photodimerized or photo-isomerized.

[0604] The orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer in the second disclosure may be the same as the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer described in "1-7. Structure of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer" of the first disclosure.

[0605] From the perspective of achieving excellent liquid crystal alignment capability by having a larger amount of photo-alignment components on the surface, when analyzing the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (A). When formula (A) is satisfied, it is easier to achieve both excellent alignment capability and excellent ultraviolet absorption capability on the positive A layer side with a thinner film.

[0606] Formula (A): I AU >1.3×I SU

[0607] In equation (A), I AU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the positive A-layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0608] I SU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer that is not connected to the positive A layer.

[0609] When analyzing the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), it is more preferable to further satisfy the following formula (A-1).

[0610] Formula (A-1): I AU >2.0×I SU

[0611] (In formula (A-1), I) AU and I SU (This is the same definition as equation (A).)

[0612] In the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, compared with the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer, the photoorientation component is relatively more present (biased) at the positive A layer side interface, as shown below.

[0613] An inclined cutting was performed on the surface of the positive A layer of the optical laminate using a surface-interface cutting test apparatus (DAIPLA WINTES SAICAS NN-04). The cutting conditions are as follows.

[0614] Cutting edge: made of single-crystal diamond

[0615] Blade width: 1mm

[0616] Rake angle of cutting edge: 20°

[0617] Rake angle of cutting edge: 10°

[0618] Horizontal speed of cutting edge: 400 nm / s

[0619] Vertical speed of cutting edge: 4 nm / s

[0620] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a sample made by cutting along an inclined direction from the surface of the positive A layer 2 to the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate 4) for the optical laminate of this disclosure.

[0621] Specifically, cutting is performed by moving the cutting edge from the surface of the optical laminate (surface of the positive A layer 2) towards the thickness direction (vertical direction) of the film at the aforementioned rake angle and vertical speed of 4 nm / s. Then, at the moment the cutting edge reaches the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate 4) (cutting 5), the vertical speed is set to 0 μm / min, and the cutting edge moves only in the direction parallel to the film surface (horizontal direction) to perform cutting 5 (refer to...). Figure 18 ).

[0622] Next, TOF-SIMS measurements were performed on the obtained cutting cross-section in the inclined direction. Using TOF-SIMS, the secondary ion intensity I originating from the orientation component was determined at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the interface of the positive A layer of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer. AU The secondary ion intensity I originating from the orientation component is detected at a position 100 nm in the thickness direction from the side of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate). SU .

[0623] It should be noted that the method used to calculate I AU and I SU The determination conditions for TOF-SIMS are as follows.

[0624] Primary ion: Bi3 ++

[0625] Accelerating voltage: 25kV

[0626] Primary ion current: 0.2 pA

[0627] Measurement area: 300μm × 300μm (using a neutralization gun for charge calibration)

[0628] Number of scans: 64

[0629] For the obtained I AU and I SU Compare, if I SU AU If this is true, then it can be said that the photo-orientation component exists more (biased) on the interface of the positive A layer compared to the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

[0630] Furthermore, in the second disclosed optical laminate, a region (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a "permeable region") permeated with the liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer may exist in the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer 1. With the presence of this permeable region, the adhesion between the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer 1 and the positive A layer 2 is easily improved.

[0631] In the second disclosed optical laminate, the region in the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer 1 where the liquid crystal component contained in the positive A layer permeates may be absent. The second disclosed optical laminate readily exhibits excellent alignment properties when such permeation regions are absent.

[0632] The determination of whether there is a region in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 that is permeated with liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer is performed by the method described in the first disclosure.​

[0633] The thickness of the permeation region when a permeation region exists can be the same as the thickness of the permeation region disclosed in the first book.

[0634] 2. Top A layer

[0635] Layer A is a layer that satisfies the relationship Nx>Ny≈Nz.

[0636] The positive A layer preferably contains liquid crystal components as the main component.

[0637] As the positive A layer in the second disclosure, it can be the same as the positive A layer described in "2. Positive A Layer" of the first disclosure.

[0638] The liquid crystal component forming the positive A layer preferably comprises a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having polymerizable functional groups within its molecule. By possessing polymerizable functional groups, the liquid crystal compound can be polymerized and fixed, thus exhibiting excellent alignment stability and being less prone to time-dependent phase shifts.

[0639] The polymerizable liquid crystal compound disclosed in the second publication may be the same as the polymerizable liquid crystal compound described in "2. Positive A layer" of the first publication.

[0640] In the polymeric liquid crystal composition used in the positive A layer of the second disclosure, the solvent can be appropriately selected from conventionally known solvents capable of dissolving or dispersing the components constituting the positive A layer, similar to that used in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer of the first disclosure. To facilitate the formation of the permeation region, a solvent that readily dissolves the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer can be appropriately selected. Conversely, to prevent the formation of the aforementioned permeation region, a solvent that is difficult to dissolve the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer can be appropriately selected.

[0641] The concentration of solid components in the polymeric liquid crystal composition used in the positive A layer is not particularly limited, and can be 1% to 40% by mass, 5% to 30% by mass, or 10% to 25% by mass.

[0642] In the second disclosure, a polymerization reaction occurs by irradiating a coating of a polymeric liquid crystal composition in which the liquid crystal components are oriented with ultraviolet light, thereby polymerizing the polymeric groups of the polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the positive A layer together. Since the orientation layer / UV-absorbing layer has the specified UV absorption characteristics, the UV absorber contained in the orientation layer / UV-absorbing layer generates heat when the coating of the polymeric liquid crystal composition in which the liquid crystal components are oriented with ultraviolet light is irradiated with ultraviolet light. This promotes the polymerization reaction in the permeation regions of the liquid crystal components in the orientation layer / UV-absorbing layer when permeation regions are present, resulting in stronger bonding in the permeation regions and improved wet-heat adhesion.

[0643] 3. Substrate

[0644] In the optical laminates disclosed herein, for example, as Figure 17 As shown, it may include substrate 4.

[0645] The substrate used in the second disclosure may be the same as the substrate described in "3. Substrate" of the first disclosure.

[0646] 4. Other layers

[0647] The optical laminate of this disclosure may have other layers without impairing the effects of this disclosure.

[0648] As other layers used in the second disclosure, they may be the same as the other layers described in “4. Other Layers” of the first disclosure.

[0649] 5. Physical properties of optical laminates

[0650] The optical laminate disclosed herein is an optical laminate having a positive A layer and an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer, wherein the transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%.

[0651] From the perspective of blue light shielding and light degradation suppression of the positive A layer, the transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380nm can be less than 0.5%, less than 0.3%, or less than 0.1%.

[0652] Furthermore, from the perspective of further suppressing the light degradation of display elements such as organic light-emitting elements, the transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 400 nm can be less than 10.0%, less than 5.0%, or less than 3.0%.

[0653] The transmittance of the optical laminate was determined by measuring the range from 250 nm to 800 nm at 1 nm intervals using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

[0654] In the optical laminate disclosed herein, the in-plane phase difference Re between the positive A layer and the alignment layer which also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer at a wavelength of 550 nm can be 110 nm or more, and the total thickness of the positive A layer and the alignment layer which also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer can be 1.6 μm or more and 12.0 μm or less.

[0655] Furthermore, the in-plane phase difference Re at a wavelength of 550 nm can be above 120 nm, and further above 135 nm. The upper limit of the in-plane phase difference Re can be below 180 nm, further below 160 nm, or below 150 nm.

[0656] The lower limit of the total thickness of the positive A layer and the alignment layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer is preferably 2.5 μm or more, and more preferably 3.5 μm or more. In addition, the upper limit of the total thickness of the positive A layer and the alignment layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer is preferably 10.0 μm or less, more preferably 8.0 μm or less, and further, from the perspective of thin film formation, it is preferably 7.0 μm or less.

[0657] From the perspective of having excellent moisture and heat sealing properties, the optical laminate disclosed in the second book satisfies the following condition (1).

[0658] Condition (1): The change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe at a wavelength of 550nm before and after the damp heat resistance test (temperature 60℃, relative humidity 95%, 500 hours) of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer is less than 3.0nm.

[0659] The change in the in-plane phase difference ΔRe before and after the damp heat resistance test under condition (1) can be less than 2.5 nm, less than 2.0 nm, less than 1.5 nm, or less than 1.0 nm, with the smaller the value, the better.

[0660] It should be noted that the change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe refers to the absolute value of the difference in in-plane phase difference before and after the damp heat resistance test.

[0661] In order for the optical laminate disclosed in the second book to satisfy the condition (1), control can be carried out, for example, by suppressing the exudation of a large amount of ultraviolet absorber and suppressing the variation of liquid crystal composition at the interface between the alignment layer and the ultraviolet absorber layer and the positive A layer under humid and hot conditions.

[0662] Specifically, for example, in compositions that serve as both orientation layers and UV-absorbing layers, exudation can be suppressed by using a UV-absorbing polymer as a UV absorber. Furthermore, exudation can be further suppressed by increasing the content of thermally crosslinking groups in the UV-absorbing polymer to facilitate its immobilization, or by increasing the molecular weight of the UV-absorbing polymer.

[0663] Furthermore, in order to improve the protective function of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer in a humid and hot environment, the curing degree of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer can be increased by increasing the content of thermally crosslinking groups of the photo-oriented copolymer and ultraviolet absorber used in the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer, increasing the crosslinking dosage, and increasing the amount of acid catalyst, thereby controlling the curing degree to meet the conditions (1). Furthermore, by increasing the drying temperature when forming the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer, the curing degree can also be controlled in the same way to meet the above conditions (1).

[0664] Furthermore, by using a liquid crystal compound with more polymerizable groups as the polymerizable liquid crystal compound for forming the positive A layer, the liquid crystal composition can be controlled in a way that suppresses changes. Additionally, by increasing the photopolymerization initiator dose of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition for forming the positive A layer, increasing the amount of ultraviolet irradiation during positive A layer formation, and increasing the heat treatment during ultraviolet irradiation to increase the reaction rate of the polymerizable groups, changes in the liquid crystal composition can also be controlled in a way that suppresses changes.

[0665] However, control methods are not limited to these methods.

[0666] The optical laminate of this disclosure preferably further satisfies the following condition (2).

[0667] Condition (2): After the wet heat resistance test (temperature 60°C, relative humidity 95%, 500 hours) of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer, when the adhesion of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated by the following adhesion test, the number of unpeeled grids in the grid pattern is more than 95%.

[0668] (Seamless Test)

[0669] In JIS K5600-5-6:1999, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is changed from 6 to 11, and the peeling of the tape in step 7.2.6 is changed to repeating the process 5 times each time using a new tape. In addition, according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999, under the condition that the number of cuts in each direction of the grid pattern is 11 and the cut interval is 1mm, cuts are made from the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer side to the positive A layer, and the adhesion between the positive A layer and the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated.

[0670] The percentage of unpeeled grid sections in the grid pattern after the damp heat resistance test under condition (2) is more preferably 97% or more, and even more preferably 100%.

[0671] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned adhesion test, in JIS K5600-5-6:1999, in order to evaluate in more detail, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is increased. In order to evaluate higher adhesion, the peeling of the tape in step 7.2.6 is changed to using a new tape each time and repeating the process 5 times.

[0672] The optical laminate disclosed herein can be thinned by directly stacking a positive A layer on an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0673] The optical laminate disclosed herein can be used as an optical component with excellent ultraviolet absorption function in various image display devices aimed at thinning.

[0674] The optical laminate containing the positive A layer disclosed herein is preferred for use as a circular polarizer in an organic electroluminescent display device, for example, in which a λ / 4 phase difference plate and a linear polarizer are combined. It is also suitable as part of a polarizer compensation film in a liquid crystal display device.

[0675] II-B. Transfer Laminates

[0676] The transfer laminate disclosed herein has a support that peelably supports the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer on the side of the optical laminate of the present disclosure, and is used for transferring the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer.

[0677] As a transfer laminate in the second disclosure, except that the optical laminate disclosed in the second disclosure is used instead of the optical laminate disclosed in the first disclosure, it can be the same as the transfer laminate described in the first disclosure "IB. Transfer Laminate".

[0678] The layer structure of the transfer laminate is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 19 An embodiment of the transfer laminate of this disclosure is shown.

[0679] Figure 19 One embodiment of the transfer laminate 151 illustrated in the figure has an alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 directly connected to the support 11 and a positive A layer 2 directly connected to the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1.

[0680] Figure 19The example of a transfer laminate is as follows: by making the peel strength between the support 11 and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 less than the peel strength between the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 and the positive A layer 2, the support 11 and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 are peeled at the interface, and the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 and the positive A layer 2 can be transferred.

[0681] II-C. Polarizer

[0682] This disclosure provides a polarizer having the optical laminate and polarizing element described herein.

[0683] The polarizer disclosed herein may be a polarizer having a polarizing element and the optical laminate of the present disclosure, wherein the optical laminate of the present disclosure serves as a transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

[0684] The polarizer of this embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 20 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the polarizer. Figure 21 This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the polarizer.

[0685] Figure 20 and Figure 21 The polarizer 30 has a polarizing element 20 and a transparent protective plate (21) located on one side of the polarizing element. Figure 20 and Figure 21 The transparent protective plate (21) is the optical laminate 10 of the present disclosure. Figure 20 In the present disclosure, the optical laminate 10, which serves as a transparent protective plate (21), represents an embodiment in which the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 is located on the side farther away from the polarizing element 20 than the positive A layer 2. Figure 21 In this embodiment, the optical laminate 10 of the present disclosure, which serves as a transparent protective plate (21), represents an embodiment in which the positive A layer 2 is located on a side further away from the polarizing element 20 than the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1.

[0686] Thus, in the polarizer of this disclosure, the orientation of the optical laminate, which serves as a transparent protective plate, relative to the polarizing element is arbitrary; any orientation is acceptable. For example, Figure 20 As shown, in an embodiment where the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 is located further away from the polarizing element 20 than the positive A layer 2, by using a polarizer with the alignment layer / UV absorption layer located on the visible side, the positive A layer and the like can be protected from the effects of UV light in a simple configuration, thereby improving the lightfastness of the polarizer.

[0687] It should be noted that in the polarizer disclosed herein, the polarizing element and the transparent protective plate can be bonded together using an adhesive. Figure 20 and Figure 21 (The adhesive layer is not shown in the figure). In the polarizer of this disclosure, the polarizing element and the transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element can be adjacent to each other through the adhesive layer or directly connected.

[0688] As a polarizer in the second disclosure, except that the optical laminate of the second disclosure is used instead of the optical laminate of the first disclosure, it can be the same as the polarizer described in the first disclosure "IC. Polarizer".

[0689] II-D. Display Panel

[0690] The display panel disclosed herein has the optical laminate described herein on the surface of the display element on the light emitting surface side.

[0691] As a display panel in the second disclosure, except that the optical laminate disclosed in the second disclosure is used instead of the optical laminate disclosed in the first disclosure, it can be the same as the display panel described in the "ID. Display Panel" of the first disclosure.

[0692] As a display panel disclosed in the second publication, in the description of the "ID. Display Panel" in the first publication. Figure 11 , 12 In 14 and 15, the infiltration regions 3 and 3' may or may not exist.

[0693] II-E. Image display device

[0694] The image display device disclosed herein is not particularly limited as long as it has the display panel disclosed herein.

[0695] As the image display device in the second disclosure, it can be the same as the image display device described in the first disclosure, except that it uses a display panel having the optical laminate of the second disclosure instead of a display panel having the optical laminate of the first disclosure.

[0696] Example

[0697] The following examples and comparative examples further illustrate this disclosure in detail.

[0698] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, all parameters are set to values ​​measured at a temperature of 25°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 40% or higher and 65% or lower. Furthermore, before each measurement, the sample is exposed to the aforementioned atmosphere for at least 30 minutes before measurement and evaluation.

[0699] Example I Series: First Disclosure

[0700] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the following evaluation items (1) layer thickness, (3) transmittance, and (4) secondary ion strength I AU I SU (5) Surface free energy, (6) Composite elastic modulus, (7) In-plane phase difference Re, (8) Adhesion, and (9) Moisture-heat adhesion are all parameters that refer to the average values ​​of the measured values ​​at 16 locations. For the 16 measurement locations, a region 1 cm from the outer edge of the sample is considered a blank. For the region inside this blank, lines are drawn that divide the longitudinal and transverse directions into 5 equal parts. The 16 locations at the intersection of these lines are taken as the measurement centers. When the sample is a quadrilateral, a region 1 cm from the outer edge of the quadrilateral is considered a blank. Measurements are taken at the 16 locations at the intersection of lines that divide the region inside this blank into 5 equal parts in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and the average value is calculated. It should be noted that when the sample is a shape other than a quadrilateral, such as a circle, ellipse, triangle, or pentagon, a quadrilateral with the largest area inscribed within these shapes is drawn. For this quadrilateral, 16 measurements are taken using the method described above.

[0701] (Manufacturing Examples A1 to A21: Manufacturing of Photooriented Copolymers A1 to A21)

[0702] Photooriented monomers were prepared according to Table 1, thermally crosslinking monomers according to Table 2, and second-component monomers according to Tables 3 and 4. The photooriented monomers, second-component monomers, and thermally crosslinking monomers were combined according to Tables 3 and 4 to synthesize a photooriented copolymer. It should be noted that the second-component monomers derive a second constituent unit that promotes surface bias.

[0703] A specific example of the synthesis of photooriented copolymer A1 is described.

[0704] Photooriented monomer I-1, secondary monomer II-1, and thermally crosslinking monomer III-1 were mixed in a molar ratio of 35:5:60. 2.5 g of α,α'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), used as a polymerization catalyst, was dissolved in 1.3 L of dioxane relative to 1 mol of the monomer mixture, and the reaction was carried out at 90 °C for 6 hours. After the reaction, the mixture was purified by reprecipitation with methanol, thereby obtaining the photooriented copolymer A1 in 65% yield.

[0705] The obtained photo-oriented copolymers were analyzed by determining their mass-average molecular weight and performing structural analysis.

[0706] The mass-average molecular weight was determined as follows: An HLC-8220GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation was used. The elution solvent was N-methylpyrrolidone with 0.01 mol / L lithium bromide added. The calibration curve was performed using polystyrene standards Mw377400, 210500, 96000, 50400, 206500, 10850, 5460, 2930, 1300, and 580 (all from Polymer Laboratories' Easi PS-2 series) and Mw1090000 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation). The assay column was set to two TSK-GEL ALPHA-M columns (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).

[0707] In addition, Py-GC-MS or MALDI-TOFMS confirmed the presence of constituent units derived from the monomers used.

[0708] (Manufacturing Example C1: Comparative manufacturing of photo-oriented copolymer C1)

[0709] A photooriented copolymer C1 was synthesized in the same manner as in manufacturing example 16 described in paragraph 0190 of Japanese Patent No. 5626493.

[0710] (Manufacturing Example C2: Comparative manufacturing of photooriented polymer C2)

[0711] The photooriented polymer C2 was synthesized in the same manner as in sections 0069 to 0072 and 0078 of Japanese Patent No. 5803064.

[0712] [Table 1]

[0713] Photooriented monomer I-1: Photooriented monomer I-1 was synthesized in the same manner as photooriented monomer 3 in Synthesis Example 3 of Japanese Patent No. 5626492.

[0714] Photooriented monomer I-2: In the synthesis example a of Japanese Patent No. 5626492, equimolar amounts of 4-methoxycinnamic acid were used instead of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, and equimolar amounts of 4-hydroxyphenyl methacrylate (manufactured by Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd.) were used instead of ethylene glycol. Condensation was carried out in the same manner, thereby synthesizing the photo-oriented monomer I-2.

[0715] Photooriented monomer I-3: Photooriented monomer I-3 was synthesized in the same manner as photooriented monomer II-1 in Synthesis Example II-9 of International Publication No. 2022 / 158555, paragraph 0453.

[0716] Photooriented monomer I-4: The photo-oriented monomer I-4 was synthesized in the same manner as compound (1-1) of Example 1 of Japanese Patent No. 5803064.

[0717] [Table 2]

[0718] Thermally crosslinking monomer III-1: 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd.)

[0719] Thermally crosslinking monomer III-2: 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0720] Thermally crosslinking monomer III-3: Thermally crosslinking monomer III-3 was synthesized in the same manner as thermally crosslinking monomer 5 in Synthesis Example e of Japanese Patent No. 5626492.

[0721] [Table 3]

[0722] Second component monomer II-1: KBM-5103 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)

[0723] Second component monomer II-2: KBM-1403 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)

[0724] Second component monomer II-3: 4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (5.0 g, 35 mmol) and imidazole (3.5 g, 52 mmol) were dissolved in 21 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide. Triisopropylchlorosilane (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (8.0 g, 42 mmol) dissolved in 5.3 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours. After the reaction was complete, the reaction product was extracted with toluene and ammonium chloride aqueous solution, and the solvent was removed by distillation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, and the solvent was removed by distillation, thereby synthesizing the second component monomer II-3.

[0725] Second component monomer II-4: 3-[tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl]propyl methacrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0726] Second component monomer II-5: Viscoat 13F (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0727] Second component monomer II-6: Hexyl acrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0728] Second component monomer II-7: Octyl acrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0729] Second component monomer II-8: In the synthetic example e of Japanese Patent No. 5626492, 1-chlorooctane (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) was used instead of 2-chloroethanol, and the second component monomer II-8 was synthesized in the same manner.

[0730] Second component monomer II-9: In the synthetic example e of Japanese Patent No. 5626492, 1-bromo-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 2-chloroethanol, and the second component monomer II-9 was synthesized in the same manner.

[0731] Second component monomer II-10: tert-butyl acrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0732] Second component monomer II-11: 4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate (Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (10 g, 69 mmol), 1-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutane (Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (15 g, 90 mmol), and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) (2.2 g, 6.9 mmol) were dissolved in 20 mL of toluene and heated at 50 °C. After reaching the specified temperature, 17 g of a 25% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the mixture was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 24 hours. After the reaction was complete, toluene and water were added to extract the reaction product, and the solvent was removed by distillation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, and the solvent was removed by distillation, thereby synthesizing the second monomer II-11.

[0733] Second component monomer II-12: 4-tert-butoxystyrene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)

[0734] [Table 4]

[0735] Second component monomer II-13: In the synthetic example e of Japanese Patent No. 5626492, (3-chloropropyl)tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) was used instead of 2-chloroethanol, and the second component monomer II-13 was synthesized in the same manner.

[0736] Second component monomer II-14: 5.0 g (34 mmol) of 4-vinylbenzoic acid (Tokyo Chemical Industries) was dissolved in 50 mL of dimethylformamide, followed by the addition of 7.0 g of potassium carbonate and stirring for 30 minutes. Then, 15 g (41 mmol) of (3-chloropropyl)tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane (Tokyo Chemical Industries) was added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the mixture was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 3 hours. After the reaction was complete, the product was extracted with water and ethyl acetate, and the solvent was removed by distillation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, and the solvent was removed by distillation, thus synthesizing the second monomer, II-14.

[0737] Second component monomer II-15: Acrylic acid (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (2.6 g, 36 mmol), 1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(3-glycidoxypropyl)trisiloxane (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (10 g, 30 mmol), and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) (0.3 g, 0.9 mmol) were dissolved in 150 mL of acetonitrile. The mixture was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 7 hours. After the reaction was completed, an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate was added to remove unreacted acrylic acid residue into the aqueous phase. The reaction product was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and the solvent was removed by distillation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, and the solvent was removed by distillation, thereby synthesizing the second component monomer II-15.

[0738] Second component monomer II-16: 2-Hexyl-1-decyl alcohol (Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (7.4 g, 30 mmol), acryloyl chloride (Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (2.5 g, 27 mmol), and dimethylaniline (Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (3.3 g, 27 mmol) were dissolved in 150 mL of tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was extracted with water and ethyl acetate, and the solvent was removed by distillation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, and the solvent was removed by distillation, thereby synthesizing the second component monomer II-16.

[0739] (Preparation of UV absorbers B1-B8)

[0740] Prepare the following materials as ultraviolet absorbers.

[0741] B1: RUVA-93 (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd., a low molecular weight benzotriazole compound containing polymerizable groups)

[0742] B2: 2-[2-(6-hydroxybenzo[1,3]dioxacyclopenten-5-yl)-2H-benzotriazol-5-yl]ethyl methacrylate. Ultraviolet absorber B2 was synthesized in the same manner as the ultraviolet absorber (B-1) in segment 0110 of Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-189224.

[0743] B3: VanaResin UVA-55MHB (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., a benzotriazole polymer (ultraviolet absorbing polymer)).

[0744] B4: VanaResin UVA-5080 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., a benzotriazole polymer (ultraviolet absorbing polymer))

[0745] B5: Ultraviolet absorber B2 is copolymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) in a molar ratio of 50:50 to obtain ultraviolet absorber B5 (ultraviolet absorbing polymer).

[0746] B6: ULS-935LH (manufactured by Lion Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd., benzophenone-based polymer (ultraviolet-absorbing polymer))

[0747] B7: KEMISORB 111 (manufactured by Chemipro Kasei, a low molecular weight benzophenone compound)

[0748] B8: Tinuvin 460 (manufactured by BAFS, a triazine low molecular weight compound)

[0749] [Example 1: Manufacturing of optical laminates or transfer laminates]

[0750] (1) Preparation of Composition 1 for Orientation Layer and Ultraviolet Absorbing Layer

[0751] Composition 1 is prepared for the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer as shown below.

[0752] • Photooriented copolymer A1: 15 parts by weight

[0753] • Ultraviolet absorber B3: 70 parts by weight

[0754] • Thermal crosslinking agent (hexamethoxymethyl melamine, HMM): 15 parts by weight

[0755] • p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA): 1 part by weight

[0756] • Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME): 260 parts by weight

[0757] (2) Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0758] Composition 1, used for orientation layer and UV absorption layer, was applied to one side of a PET substrate (Toyobo Co., Ltd., E5100, 38 μm thick) with a cured layer thickness of 4.3 μm via rod coating. The substrate was then dried and heat-cured in an oven at 90°C for 1 minute to form a cured film. Next, the surface of the cured film was subjected to a heat treatment at 100 mJ / cm² from the substrate normal along a vertical direction using an Hg-Xe lamp and a Glan-Taylor prism. 2 Polarized ultraviolet light containing a bright line of 313 nm is irradiated, thereby forming an alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer on the substrate that further endows the cured film with the function of an alignment layer.

[0759] (3) Formation of the positive A layer

[0760] A polymeric liquid crystal composition was prepared by dissolving the following polymerizable liquid crystal compound (trade name: LC242, manufactured by BASF) in methyl ethyl ketone at a solid content of 15% by mass, and adding 5% by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (trade name: Omnirad 184, manufactured by IGMresins).

[0761] The aforementioned alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer were coated with the polymeric liquid crystal composition using a rod coater to achieve a cured layer thickness of 1 μm. The coating was then dried at 85°C for 120 seconds to form a film. The film was then irradiated with 300 mJ / cm² of unpolarized ultraviolet light containing a bright line of 365 nm using an Hg-Xe lamp under a nitrogen atmosphere. 2 This forms a positive A layer, creating an optical laminate.

[0762] [Chemical Formula 16]

[0763] [Examples 2-28: Manufacturing of optical laminates or transfer laminates]

[0764] (1) Preparation of compositions 2-28 for orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0765] A composition for preparing an orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer with the following composition is prepared.

[0766] • The photo-oriented copolymers shown in Table 5: 15 parts by weight

[0767] • The ultraviolet absorber shown in Table 5: 70 parts by weight

[0768] • Thermal crosslinking agent (hexamethoxymethyl melamine, HMM): 15 parts by weight

[0769] • p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA): 1 part by weight

[0770] • Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME): 260 parts by weight

[0771] (2) Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0772] In Example 1, any one of the 2 to 28 compositions for aligning the ultraviolet absorption layer is used instead of composition 1 for aligning the ultraviolet absorption layer, otherwise the aligning the ultraviolet absorption layer is formed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0773] (3) Formation of the positive A layer

[0774] An optical laminate was fabricated by forming a positive A layer on the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer obtained above, in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0775] [Examples 29-31: Manufacturing of optical laminates or transfer laminates]

[0776] (1) Preparation of compositions 29-31 for orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0777] As shown in Table 5, the mass ratio of the photo-oriented copolymer to the ultraviolet absorber was changed, and otherwise the composition for use as both an orientation layer and an ultraviolet absorber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0778] (2) Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0779] In Example 1, any one of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer compositions 29 to 31 was used instead of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer composition 1. Otherwise, the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer were formed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0780] (3) Formation of the positive A layer

[0781] An optical laminate was fabricated by forming a positive A layer on the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer obtained above, in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0782] [Comparative Examples 1-6]

[0783] In Comparative Examples 1 to 6, as shown in Table 5, one or more of the following were changed: the type of photo-oriented copolymer, the type of ultraviolet absorber, the mass ratio of the photo-oriented copolymer, the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber, and the mass ratio of the thermal crosslinking agent. Otherwise, the compositions were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0784] Using any of the compositions from Comparative Examples 1 to 6 shown in Table 5, an ultraviolet absorbing layer was formed on a PET substrate in the same manner as the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer of Example 1. On the obtained ultraviolet absorbing layer, a coating of polymeric liquid crystal composition was formed in the same manner as the positive A layer of Example 1, and a cured film of polymeric liquid crystal compound was formed by irradiation with ultraviolet light in the same manner.

[0785] [evaluate]

[0786] The obtained optical laminate was evaluated as follows.

[0787] (1) Determination of layer thickness

[0788] Regarding the thickness of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer and the positive A layer, a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, S-4800) was used to image cross-sections of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer and the positive A layer. The thickness of these layers at 10 locations was measured in the cross-sectional images, and the arithmetic mean of these 10 thicknesses was obtained. It should be noted that the permeation region, observed as part of both fragments originating from the positive A layer and fragment ions originating from the alignment layer / UV absorption layer detected by TOF-SIMS, is included in the thickness of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer.

[0789] Cross-sectional photographs of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer and the positive A layer are shown below. First, a sample block measuring 1mm × 10mm was prepared by embedding the sample in resin. Using standard sectioning methods, uniform sections with a thickness of 70nm to 100nm and free of pores were cut from this block. Section preparation was performed using an ultramicrotome (Leica Microsystems EM UC7). This uniform section without pores was then used as the measurement sample. Cross-sectional photographs of the measurement sample were then taken using a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). During the taking of these cross-sectional photographs, the detector was set to "TE", the accelerating voltage to "30kV", and the emission current to "10μA" for STEM observation. Regarding magnification, the contrast and brightness were adjusted appropriately from 5000x to 200,000x while observing whether the layers could be distinguished by adjusting the focus.

[0790] (2) Presence or absence of infiltration zone

[0791] To determine whether there are regions in the alignment layer / UV absorption layer infiltrated with liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer, the following steps were taken: While etching along the thickness direction of the positive A layer using an argon cluster ion beam (Ar-GCIB) gun (15kV, 2.5nA, 500×500μm), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) (UIvac-PHI, TRIFT V Nano TOF) was used to determine the thickness-direction distribution of fragment ions originating from the liquid crystal components of the positive A layer and the fragment ions originating from the alignment components contained in the alignment layer / UV absorption layer. Regarding the thickness-direction distribution analysis, the following series of operations were repeatedly performed: After performing compositional analysis in the surface depth region of 1nm–2nm, a gas cluster ion beam was used to drill 10nm in the thickness direction for compositional analysis in the next surface depth region of 1nm–2nm, and so on. Based on the results of the layer thickness measurement, after tunneling from the surface of the positive A layer along the depth direction to 80% of the layer thickness, the above-mentioned repeated operation is started. In the layer thickness distribution, the part where fragment ions of liquid crystal components originating from the positive A layer and fragment ions of orientation components contained in the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer are detected is judged as the region where the liquid crystal components are penetrated (the region with penetration), and the part where neither of the two is detected is judged as the region without penetration.

[0792] In TOF-SIMS measurements, the double-charged ions of the bismuth cluster (Bi3) are used. ++ As a single ion irradiation, the accelerating voltage was set to 30 kV, the irradiation range was set to the central part of the ion beam irradiation area for etching (100 μm × 100 μm), and the charged neutralization gun of the sample in the calibration analysis was used.

[0793] (3) Transmittance

[0794] The transmittance of the optical laminate was measured at 1 nm intervals in the range of 250 nm to 800 nm using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation, UV-2700). The transmittance at wavelengths of 380 nm and 400 nm was then determined.

[0795] (4) Preferential to confirmation

[0796] An inclined cutting was performed on the surface of the positive A layer of the optical laminate using a surface-interface cutting test apparatus (DAIPLA WINTES SAICAS NN-04). The cutting conditions are as follows.

[0797] Cutting edge: made of single-crystal diamond

[0798] Blade width: 1mm

[0799] Rake angle of cutting edge: 20°

[0800] Rake angle of cutting edge: 10°

[0801] Horizontal speed of cutting edge: 400 nm / s

[0802] Vertical speed of cutting edge: 4 nm / s

[0803] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sample made by cutting along an inclined direction from the surface of the positive A layer 2 to the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer 1 that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate 4) for the optical laminate of this disclosure.

[0804] Specifically, cutting is performed by moving the cutting edge from the surface of the optical laminate (surface of the positive A layer 2) towards the thickness direction (vertical direction) of the film at the aforementioned rake angle and vertical speed of 4 nm / s. Then, at the moment the cutting edge reaches the side of the alignment layer / UV absorption layer 1 that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate 4) (cutting 5), the vertical speed is set to 0 μm / min, and the cutting edge moves only in the direction parallel to the film surface (horizontal direction) to perform cutting 5 (refer to...). Figure 3 ).

[0805] Next, the secondary ion intensity I originating from the orientation component was measured by TOF-SIMS at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the positive A-layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer. AU The secondary ion intensity I originating from the orientation component is detected at a position 100 nm in the thickness direction from the side of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer (interface with the substrate). SU .

[0806] The determination conditions for TOF-SIMS are as follows.

[0807] Primary ion: Bi3 ++

[0808] Accelerating voltage: 25kV

[0809] Primary ion current: 0.2 pA

[0810] Measurement area: 300μm × 300μm (using a neutralization gun for charge calibration)

[0811] Number of scans: 64

[0812] The obtained I AU with ISU The following comparisons and evaluations were conducted.

[0813] A: I AU >1.3×I SU

[0814] B: I SU AU ≤1.3×I SU

[0815] C:I AU ≤I SU

[0816] In cases A and B, it is determined that, in the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, compared with the side not connected to the positive A layer, there is a relatively larger amount of photoorientation component at the interface of the positive A layer.

[0817] (5) Surface free energy

[0818] (5-1) Surface free energy of the positive A-layer side surface (positive A-layer side interface) of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0819] The surface free energy of the orientation layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer in the embodiment was measured, and this surface free energy was taken as the surface free energy of the positive A-layer side interface of the orientation layer that also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer.

[0820] The surface free energy was measured using a double-drop contact angle and surface free energy analysis apparatus (KRUSS, MSA). The contact angles of water and diiodomethane on the surface of the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer were measured, and the contact angles were calculated by elliptic fitting.

[0821] It should be noted that the measurement conditions are as follows.

[0822] First, the sample was attached to a smooth glass plate using double-sided adhesive tape (Made by Teraoka Co., Ltd., model: 7570). Water and diiodomethane were then added to the fixed sample using a double-drop contact angle and surface free energy analysis apparatus (Made by KRUSS Co., Ltd., MSA). The amount added was set to 1 μL for each, and the contact angle was measured 2 seconds after addition.

[0823] Using the calculated contact angle, the surface free energy was calculated using the OWRK (Owens-Wendt-Rable-Kaelble) method. It should be noted that the contact angle based on the elliptic fitting method and the surface free energy based on the OWRK (Owens-Wendt-Rable-Kaelble) method were calculated using the analytical method of the double-drop contact angle and surface free energy analyzer (manufactured by KRUSS Corporation, MSA) set as described above.

[0824] ​It should be noted that the surface tension, dispersion components, and polar components of water and diiodomethane were calculated using the following values.

[0825] Water: Surface tension 72.8 mN / m (dispersed component 21.8 mN / m + polar component 51.0 mN / m)

[0826] Diiodomethane: Surface tension 50.8 mN / m (dispersed component 50.8 mN / m + polar component 0 mN / m)

[0827] (5-2) Surface free energy of the side of the alignment layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer (substrate side interface)

[0828] An alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and a positive A layer were transferred onto adhesive glass. The PET substrate was then peeled off, and test samples were prepared in the order of alignment layer / UV absorbing layer / positive A layer / adhesive glass. For the adhesive, an optical adhesive (PANACLEAN PD-S1, 25 μm, acrylic adhesive) was used. The surface free energy of the test sample surface was measured in the same manner as in (5-1).

[0829] (6) Composite elastic modulus

[0830] The composite elastic modulus of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is calculated as follows.

[0831] First, the positive A-layer side of the phase retardation plate was attached to glass coated with a cyanoacrylate-based instant adhesive (manufactured by Toa Synthetic Co., Ltd., Aron Alpha (registered trademark) EXTRA multi-purpose adhesive). The glass was then attached to the PET substrate side, and the adhesive layer was pressed for 1 minute with the adhesive layer thickness from both sides of the glass being 45 μm. Next, after allowing the sample to stand for 10 minutes, the PET substrate was peeled off, and the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and the positive A-layer were transferred. Test samples were prepared in the order of alignment layer / UV absorbing layer / positive A-layer / adhesive glass. Using the test samples, the indentation hardness of the surface of the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer exposed after peeling off the PET substrate was measured. The indentation hardness (HIT) was measured using a nanoindenter (BRUKER, TI950 TriboIndenter). Under the following test conditions, a Berkovich indenter (a triangular pyramid, Bruker TI-0039) was vertically pressed into the surface of the orientation layer / UV absorbing layer for 10 seconds until the maximum indentation load reached 3 μN. Then, after a certain period to allow residual stress to dissipate, the load was unloaded for 10 seconds, and the maximum load after stress relief was measured. The maximum load Pmax (μN) and the contact projected area Ap (nm) were then used as the indenter. 2The indentation hardness (HIT) was calculated using Pmax / Ap. The contact projected area mentioned above is the contact projected area of ​​the indenter tip curvature corrected using the Oliver-Pharr method with fused silica (BRUKER 5-0098) from a standard sample. It should be noted that if the measured value deviates from the arithmetic mean by more than ±20%, the measured value is excluded and a new measurement is performed.

[0832] (Measurement conditions)

[0833] • Loading speed: 0.3 μN / s

[0834] • Duration: 5 seconds

[0835] • Load unloading speed: 0.3 μN / s

[0836] • Measurement temperature: 25℃

[0837] Next, the composite elastic modulus Er is obtained by using the contact projection area Ap obtained when measuring the indentation hardness (HIT) of the obtained orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, and by the mathematical formula (1).

[0838] (7) Orientation

[0839] An alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and a positive A layer were transferred onto adhesive glass. The PET substrate was then peeled off, and test samples were prepared in the order of alignment layer / UV absorbing layer / positive A layer / adhesive glass. For adhesiveness, an optical adhesive (PANACLEAN PD-S1, 25μm, acrylic adhesive) was used. The orientation state of the positive A layer (cured film of the polymeric liquid crystal compound) of the test samples was observed using a polarizing microscope (Olympus Corporation BX-51) at 200x magnification. Furthermore, the in-plane phase difference Re at 550nm was measured using a phase difference measuring device (Oji Keiseki Kogyo Co., Ltd., KOBRA-WR) to evaluate the orientation (orientation capability) of the liquid crystal compound based on the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer.

[0840] In addition, the measurement conditions for phase difference measurement are as follows.

[0841] (A1) First, to stabilize the KOBRA-WR light source, turn on the light source and let it stand for more than 60 minutes. Then, select a wavelength plate for measurement to obtain the data of the reference analyzer.

[0842] (A2) The measurement was performed using the incident angle dependence (N calculated separately) under the following conditions.

[0843] (Measurement conditions)

[0844] • Measurement mode: Standard

[0845] • Tilt center angle: fast axis

[0846] • Angle of incidence: 0°

[0847] • Average number of measurements: 3

[0848] • Average refractive index of the layer of the object to be measured: The sample for orientation determination is used with an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago) with sodium D line (589nm) as the light source, and the measured value (average refractive index) is input according to JIS K7142.

[0849] • Thickness: The total thickness of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer and the positive A layer as measured in the input evaluation (1).

[0850] (Evaluation criteria for orientation)

[0851] A: Visually, the orientation is uniform; under a polarizing microscope, over 90% of the particles are oriented, and Re ≥ 135 nm.

[0852] B: Visually, uniform orientation is observed; under a polarizing microscope, over 90% orientation is observed, and 110nm ≤ Re < 135nm.

[0853] C: Orientation of the degree A or B is not visually observed; the orientation area observed under a polarizing microscope is greater than 50% but less than 90%. Alternatively, uniform orientation is observed visually, with Re < 110 nm.

[0854] D: Visually unoriented, but the oriented area is less than 50% when observed with a polarizing microscope (does not satisfy the relationship Nx>Ny≈Nz of the positive A layer).

[0855] (8) Fit

[0856] The PET substrate of the optical laminate was peeled off, and the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and the positive A layer were transferred onto the adhesive glass in the order of alignment layer / UV absorbing layer / positive A layer / adhesive glass to prepare a test sample. An acrylic adhesive (manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: SK Dyne 1838) was used as the adhesive. For the test sample, in JIS K5600-5-6:1999, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 was changed from 6 to 11, and the tape peeling in step 7.2.6 was changed to repeating 5 times with a new tape each time. Otherwise, the adhesion was evaluated by the cross-cut test according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999. Using a cutting tool, 11 cuts were made from the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer side to the positive A layer, and then the direction was changed by 90° before making another 11 cuts. Following step 7.2.6 of JIS K5600-5-6:1999, apply Cellotape (registered trademark) (24mm×35m CT405AP-24, manufactured by NICHIBAN) to the cut coating surface. Rub the tape with an eraser to adhere it to the coating. After 1 minute, holding the end of the tape at a right angle to the coating surface, peel it off instantly. Repeat the tape application and peeling process in step 7.2.6 with new tape each time, for a total of 5 times. The ratio of the number of square sections of the residual orientation layer / UV absorbing layer after peeling was calculated and evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0857] (Evaluation Criteria)

[0858] AA: 100 / 100

[0859] A: 90 / 100~99 / 100

[0860] B: 50 / 100~89 / 100

[0861] C:0 / 100~49 / 100

[0862] (9) Moisture and heat tightness

[0863] The test samples prepared in the same manner as those in evaluation (8) were placed at 60°C and 95%RH for 500 hours to conduct a damp heat resistance test. For the test samples after the damp heat resistance test, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 was changed from 6 to 11 in JIS K5600-5-6:1999. Otherwise, the adhesion was evaluated by cross-cut test according to the method of JIS K5600-5-6:1999. Using a cutting knife, 11 cuts were made from the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer side to the positive A layer, and then the direction was changed by 90° and 11 more cuts were made. Cellotape (registered trademark) (24mm×35m CT405AP-24, made by NICHIBAN) was pasted on the cut coating surface, and the tape was rubbed with an eraser to adhere to the coating. After 1 minute, the tape was held at a right angle to the coating surface and peeled off instantly. The ratio of the number of squares of the remaining orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer after stripping was determined and evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0864] (Evaluation Criteria)

[0865] AA: 100 / 100

[0866] A: 90 / 100~99 / 100

[0867] B: 50 / 100~89 / 100

[0868] C:0 / 100~49 / 100

[0869] (10) Bending resistance

[0870] According to JIS K5600-5-1:1999, a mandrel test was conducted on the optical laminate to evaluate its bending resistance. Specifically, an optical laminate cut to 100mm × 25mm was wound around a 2mm diameter stainless steel rod with layer A as the inner side and the two ends of the optical laminate facing each other along its long side. After holding this position for 5 seconds, the optical laminate was unwound, and it was checked whether cracks (crazing) or bending marks were formed along the short side of the retardation plate in contact with the stainless steel rod. The winding was repeated a maximum of 20 times. The evaluation results are as follows.

[0871] A: No cracks or bending marks were detected on the phase difference plate during the twentieth axis test.

[0872] B: No cracks or bending marks were detected on the phase difference plate in the first axis test, but cracks or bending marks were detected on the phase difference plate in the twentieth axis test.

[0873] C: During the first spindle test, cracks or bending marks were confirmed on the phase difference plate.

[0874] [Table 5]

[0875] Table 5

[0876] [Table 6]

[0877] Table 6

[0878] [Summary of Results]

[0879] In the optical laminates of Examples 1-31, an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer is directly connected to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%. The alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer includes a region at the interface of the positive A layer permeated with liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer. Therefore, an optical laminate with excellent ultraviolet absorption capability, good adhesion, and improved hygrothermal adhesion can be obtained. It is also shown that the optical laminates of Examples 1-31 are optical laminates that can achieve excellent ultraviolet absorption capability, improve production efficiency, and facilitate thin-film production without the need to provide ultraviolet absorbing layers in different layers.

[0880] In the optical laminates of Examples 1 to 31, the composite elastic modulus of the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer is in the range of 3.0 GPa or more and 6.5 GPa or less, and the bending resistance is also good.

[0881] In contrast, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which used the same mixing ratio as Example 1 (photo-oriented copolymer: UV absorber = 15:70 (mass ratio)) to replace the orientation layer and UV absorber of the example with the existing photo-oriented copolymer and UV absorber, although they had excellent UV absorption capacity, they could not fully utilize the photo-oriented function of the photo-oriented copolymer and could not obtain the positive A layer.

[0882] In the alternative embodiment, the orientation layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer, uses a photo-oriented copolymer and an ultraviolet absorber from the prior art. The ratio of photo-oriented copolymer to ultraviolet absorber is 72:13 (by mass). This method uses a higher content of photo-oriented copolymer. In Comparative Example 3, which does not use a thermal crosslinking agent, the ultraviolet absorption function is insufficient, the orientation of the positive A layer is poor, and the adhesion and humid heat adhesion are also poor.

[0883] In the alternative embodiment, the orientation layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer, uses a photo-oriented copolymer and an ultraviolet absorber from the prior art. The ratio of photo-oriented copolymer to ultraviolet absorber is 72:13 (by mass). In Comparative Example 4, which uses a higher content of photo-oriented copolymer and thus a thermal crosslinking agent, the ultraviolet absorption function becomes insufficient, and the adhesion and humid heat adhesion are also poor.

[0884] In Comparative Example 5, which uses the same photo-oriented copolymer and ultraviolet absorber as in Example 1 in the same mixing ratio as in Example 1, but does not contain a region permeated with the liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer at the positive A layer side interface, although the ultraviolet absorption capacity and orientation are excellent, the adhesion and humid heat adhesion are poor.

[0885] In the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, the same photo-oriented copolymer and ultraviolet absorber as in Example 1 were used in the same mixing ratio as in Example 1. However, in Comparative Example 6, which did not use a thermal crosslinking agent, the photo-oriented function of the photo-oriented copolymer could not be fully utilized, and the positive A layer could not be obtained.

[0886] The optical laminates of Comparative Examples 3-6 also exhibited poorer bending resistance than those of the Examples.

[0887] Example II Series: Second Disclosure

[0888] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the following evaluation items (1) layer thickness, (2) transmittance, and (3) secondary ion strength I AU I SU (4) In-plane phase difference Re, (5) In-plane phase difference Re after the damp heat test, (6) The various parameters of damp heat tightness refer to the average values ​​of the measurements at 16 locations. The measurements at the 16 locations were performed as described in the series of Examples I of the first disclosure.

[0889] (Manufacturing Examples A1 to A21: Manufacturing of Photooriented Copolymers A1 to A21)

[0890] The photo-oriented copolymers A1 to A21 were manufactured in the same manner as those described in Examples I series disclosed in the first publication.

[0891] The comparative photo-oriented copolymer C1 and the comparative photo-oriented polymer C2 were manufactured in the same manner as the comparative photo-oriented copolymer C1 and the comparative photo-oriented polymer C2 described in the first series of Examples I of the first disclosure.

[0892] (Preparation of UV absorbers B2-B6)

[0893] Prepare the following materials as ultraviolet absorbers.

[0894] B2: 2-[2-(6-hydroxybenzo[1,3]dioxacyclopenten-5-yl)-2H-benzotriazol-5-yl]ethyl methacrylate, synthesized in the same manner as the UV absorber (B-1) in segment 0110 of Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-189224.

[0895] B3: VanaResin UVA-55MHB (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., a benzotriazole polymer (ultraviolet absorbing polymer)).

[0896] B4: VanaResin UVA-5080 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., a benzotriazole polymer (ultraviolet absorbing polymer))

[0897] B5: Ultraviolet absorber B2 is copolymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry) in a molar ratio of 50:50 to obtain ultraviolet absorber B5 (ultraviolet absorbing polymer).

[0898] B6: ULS-935LH (manufactured by Lion Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd., benzophenone-based polymer (ultraviolet-absorbing polymer))

[0899] [Example II-1: Manufacturing of optical laminates or transfer laminates]

[0900] (1) Preparation of composition II-1 for orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0901] Composition II-1, which is an orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer with the following composition, was prepared.

[0902] • Photooriented copolymer A1: 15 parts by weight

[0903] • Ultraviolet absorber B3: 70 parts by weight

[0904] • Thermal crosslinking agent (hexamethoxymethyl melamine, HMM): 15 parts by weight

[0905] • p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA): 1 part by weight

[0906] • Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME): 260 parts by weight

[0907] (2) Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0908] Composition II-1, used for orientation layer and UV absorption layer, was applied to one side of a PET substrate (Toyobo Co., Ltd., E5100, 38 μm thick) using a rod coating method to achieve a cured layer thickness of 4.3 μm. The substrate was then dried and heat-cured in an oven at 90°C for 1 minute to form a cured film. Next, the surface of the cured film was subjected to a heat treatment at 100 mJ / cm² from the substrate normal along a perpendicular direction using an Hg-Xe lamp and a Glan-Taylor prism. 2 Polarized ultraviolet light containing a bright line of 313 nm is irradiated, thereby forming an alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer on the substrate that further endows the cured film with the function of an alignment layer.

[0909] (3) Preparation of the composition for the positive A layer

[0910] A composition for preparing a positive A layer is prepared by dissolving 100 parts by mass of a polymerizable liquid crystal compound of the following chemical formula (LC-1), prepared in the same manner as compound 1 represented by formula (1-1) of Japanese Patent No. 6473537, and 4 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholinopropane-1-one: manufactured by BASF, Irgacure 907) in 900 parts by mass of cyclopentanone.

[0911] [Chemical Formula 17]

[0912] (LC-1)

[0913] (4) Formation of the positive A layer

[0914] On the aforementioned orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer, the composition for the positive A layer was applied by rod coating to a cured layer thickness of 1 μm. After drying at 140°C for 120 seconds, it was then irradiated with an H BULB (manufactured by Fusion) at a dose of 400 mJ / cm². 2 Irradiation with ultraviolet light (UV) forms a positive A layer, creating an optical laminate.

[0915] [Examples II-2 to II-24: Manufacturing of optical laminates or transfer laminates]

[0916] (1) Preparation of compositions II-2 to II-24 for orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0917] A composition for preparing an orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer with the following composition is prepared.

[0918] • The photo-oriented copolymers shown in Table 7: 15 parts by weight

[0919] • The ultraviolet absorber shown in Table 7: 70 parts by weight

[0920] • Thermal crosslinking agent (hexamethoxymethyl melamine, HMM): 15 parts by weight

[0921] • p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA): 1 part by weight

[0922] • Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME): 260 parts by weight

[0923] (2) Formation of the orientation layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorption layer

[0924] In Example II-1, any one of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer compositions II-2 to II-24 was used instead of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer composition II-1. Otherwise, the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer were formed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0925] (3) Formation of the positive A layer

[0926] An optical laminate was fabricated by forming a positive A layer on the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer obtained above, in the same manner as in Example II-1.

[0927] [Comparative Examples II-1 to II-6]

[0928] As shown in Table 7, the composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example II-1, except that one or more of the following were changed: the type of photo-oriented copolymer, the type of ultraviolet absorber, the mass ratio of the photo-oriented copolymer, the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber, and the mass ratio of the thermal crosslinking agent.

[0929] Using any of the compositions from Comparative Examples II-1 to II-6 shown in Table 7, an ultraviolet absorbing layer was formed on a PET substrate in the same manner as the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorbing layer of Example II-1. A coating of the polymeric liquid crystal composition was formed on the obtained ultraviolet absorbing layer in the same manner as the positive A layer of Example II-1, and a cured film of the polymeric liquid crystal compound was formed by irradiation with ultraviolet light in the same manner.

[0930] [evaluate]

[0931] The obtained optical laminate was evaluated as follows.

[0932] (1) Determination of layer thickness

[0933] The layer thickness was measured in the same manner as “(1) Determination of layer thickness” described in the first disclosed series of Examples I.

[0934] (2) Transmittance

[0935] The transmittance was measured in the same manner as “(3) transmittance” described in the first disclosed series of Examples I.

[0936] (3) Preferential to confirmation

[0937] The bias assessment is performed in the same manner as "(4) bias assessment" described in the first disclosed series of embodiments I. However, the optical laminate disclosed in the second disclosure can also be evaluated as follows: Figure 18 As shown, it does not have a permeable area.

[0938] (4) Orientation

[0939] Orientation is evaluated in the same way as “(7) Orientation” described in the first disclosed series of embodiments I.

[0940] (5) Phase difference change before and after the damp heat test

[0941] The sample prepared in "(4) Orientation" was placed at 60°C and 95%RH for 500 hours to conduct a damp heat resistance test. The in-plane phase difference Re at 550nm after the damp heat resistance test was measured in the same manner as in "(4) Orientation". The absolute value of the difference between the in-plane phase difference Re at 550nm before the damp heat resistance test and the in-plane phase difference Re at 550nm after the damp heat resistance test was calculated as the change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe.

[0942] (6) Moisture and heat tightness

[0943] The PET substrate of the optical laminate was peeled off, and the alignment layer / UV absorbing layer and the positive A layer were transferred onto the adhesive glass in the order of alignment layer / UV absorbing layer / positive A layer / adhesive glass to prepare the test sample. Regarding adhesiveness, an acrylic adhesive (manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: SK Dyne1838) was used. A damp heat resistance test was performed on the test sample by placing it at 60°C and 95% RH for 500 hours. For the test sample after the damp heat resistance test, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 was changed from 6 to 11 according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999, and the tape peeling in step 7.2.6 was changed to repeating the process 5 times each time with a new tape. Otherwise, the adhesion was evaluated using the cross-cut test according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999. Using a cutting tool, make 11 cuts from the orientation layer / UV absorption layer side to the positive A layer, then change the direction by 90° and make another 11 cuts. Following step 7.2.6 of JIS K5600-5-6:1999, apply Cellotape (registered trademark) (24mm×35m CT405AP-24, made by NICHIBAN) to the cut coating surface, and rub it with an eraser to adhere the tape to the coating. After 1 minute, hold the end of the tape at a right angle to the coating surface and peel it off instantly. Repeat the tape application and peeling operation in step 7.2.6 each time using new tape, for a total of 5 times. Calculate the ratio of the number of segments of the remaining orientation layer / UV absorption layer after peeling, and evaluate according to the following criteria.

[0944] (Evaluation Criteria)

[0945] AA: 100 / 100

[0946] A: 95 / 100~99 / 100

[0947] B: 50 / 100~94 / 100

[0948] C:0 / 100~49 / 100

[0949] [Table 7]

[0950] Table 7

[0951] [Summary of Results]

[0952] In the optical laminates of Examples II-1 to II-24, an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer is directly bonded to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%. The change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe at a wavelength of 550 nm before and after a specific damp heat resistance test is less than 3.0 nm. Therefore, an optical laminate with excellent ultraviolet absorption capability and excellent damp heat adhesion can be obtained. It is also shown that the optical laminates of Examples II-1 to II-24 are optical laminates that can achieve excellent ultraviolet absorption capability, improve production efficiency, and facilitate thin-film formation without the need to provide ultraviolet absorbing layers in different layers.

[0953] In contrast, in Comparative Examples II-1 and II-2, which used the same mixing ratio as Example II-1 (photo-oriented copolymer: UV absorber = 15:70 (mass ratio)) as the orientation layer and UV absorber in place of the example, although they had excellent UV absorption capacity, they could not fully utilize the photo-oriented function of the photo-oriented copolymer and could not obtain the positive A layer.

[0954] In the alternative embodiment, the orientation layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet absorbing layer, uses a photo-oriented copolymer and an ultraviolet absorber from the prior art. The ratio of photo-oriented copolymer to ultraviolet absorber is 72:13 (mass ratio), resulting in a higher content of photo-oriented copolymer. In Comparative Example II-3, which did not use a thermal crosslinking agent, the ultraviolet absorption function became insufficient, the orientation was poor, and the change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe at a wavelength of 550 nm before and after a specific damp heat resistance test exceeded 3.0 nm, indicating poor damp heat adhesion.

[0955] Instead of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer of the embodiment, the existing photo-oriented copolymer and ultraviolet absorber are used. The ratio of photo-oriented copolymer to ultraviolet absorber is 72:13 (mass ratio), which increases the content of photo-oriented copolymer. In Comparative Example II-4, which uses a thermal crosslinking agent, the ultraviolet absorption function becomes insufficient. The change in in-plane phase difference at a wavelength of 550 nm before and after a specific damp heat resistance test exceeds 3.0 nm, and the damp heat adhesion is also poor.

[0956] In contrast to the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer of the example, the existing photo-oriented copolymer and the same ultraviolet absorber as in Example II-1 were used. The ratio of photo-oriented copolymer to ultraviolet absorber was 72:13 (mass ratio), and the content of the photo-oriented copolymer was increased. In Comparative Example II-5, which used a thermal crosslinking agent, the ultraviolet absorption function was insufficient. The change in in-plane phase difference at a wavelength of 550 nm before and after a specific damp heat resistance test exceeded 3.0 nm, and the damp heat adhesion was also poor.

[0957] In the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, the same photo-oriented copolymer and ultraviolet absorber as in Example II-1 were used in the same mixing ratio as in Example II-1. However, in Comparative Example II-6, which did not use a thermal crosslinking agent, the photo-oriented function of the photo-oriented copolymer could not be fully utilized, and the positive A layer could not be obtained.

[0958] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0959] 1' Orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer

[0960] 2, 2' Positive A Layer

[0961] 3' Infiltration area

[0962] 4. Substrate

[0963] 5. Cutting

[0964] 10, 10' optical laminate

[0965] 11 Support

[0966] 15. Transfer printing laminate

[0967] 20 Polarizing elements

[0968] 21 Transparent Protective Panel

[0969] 22 Transparent protective panels

[0970] 24. Floor A

[0971] 30 Polarizing filter

[0972] 40 display elements

[0973] 50 Display Panel

Claims

1. An optical laminate comprising a positive A layer and an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer directly bonded to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%. The alignment layer and ultraviolet absorption layer includes a region at the interface of the positive A layer permeated with liquid crystal components contained in the positive A layer.

2. The optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein, In the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, compared with the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer, there is a relatively larger amount of photoorientation component at the interface of the positive A layer.

3. The optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein, When the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer are analyzed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, i.e., TOF-SIMS, the following equation (A) is satisfied. Equation (A): I AU >1.3 × I SU In equation (A), I AU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the interface of the positive A layer of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer. I SU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the side of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

4. The optical laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The composite elastic modulus of the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer is above 3.0 GPa and below 6.5 GPa.

5. The optical laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The surface free energy of the positive A layer side interface of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer is less than the surface free energy of the side of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

6. A transfer laminate comprising a support that peelably supports the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer on the side of the optical laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the transfer laminate being used for transferring the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer.

7. A polarizer comprising an optical laminate and a polarizing element as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. A polarizer comprising a polarizing element and an optical laminate as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polarizing element is located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

9. A display panel having an optical laminate as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 on the light emitting surface of a display element.

10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein, The alignment layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer, is located on a side further away from the display element than the positive A layer.

11. A display panel having a polarizer as described in claim 8 on the light emitting surface of the display element.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The optical stack is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element.

13. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The polarizing element is located on a side further away from the display element than the optical laminate.

14. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The optical laminate is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element, and with the polarizing element as a reference, the optical laminate or positive A layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is provided on the opposite side of the optical laminate.

15. An image display device comprising the display panel of claim 9.

16. An image display device comprising the display panel of claim 11.

17. An optical laminate comprising a positive A layer and an alignment layer that also serves as an ultraviolet absorbing layer directly bonded to the positive A layer. The transmittance of the optical laminate at a wavelength of 380 nm is less than 1.0%, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 20.0%, satisfying the following condition (1). Condition (1): The change in in-plane phase difference ΔRe at a wavelength of 550nm before and after the damp heat resistance test of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer directly connected to the positive A layer is less than 3.0nm. The damp heat resistance test conditions are 60℃ temperature, 95% relative humidity, and 500 hours.

18. The optical laminate according to claim 17, further satisfying the following condition (2), Condition (2): After the damp heat resistance test of the laminate of the positive A layer and the orientation layer that is directly connected to the positive A layer, when evaluating the adhesion between the positive A layer and the orientation layer that is also the ultraviolet absorbing layer by the following adhesion test, the number of unpeeled grid sections in the grid pattern is more than 95%. The conditions for the damp heat resistance test are: temperature 60°C, relative humidity 95%, and 500 hours. Fit test In JIS K5600-5-6:1999, the number of cuts in step 7.1.3 is changed from 6 to 11, and the peeling of the tape in step 7.2.6 is changed to repeating the process 5 times each time using a new tape. In addition, according to JIS K5600-5-6:1999, under the condition that the number of cuts in each direction of the grid pattern is 11 and the cut interval is 1mm, cuts are made from the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer side to the positive A layer, and the adhesion between the positive A layer and the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer is evaluated.

19. The optical laminate according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The ultraviolet absorber contained in the orientation film and ultraviolet absorption layer is an ultraviolet absorbing polymer.

20. The optical laminate according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, In the thickness direction of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer, compared with the side that is not in contact with the positive A layer, there is a relatively larger amount of photoorientation component at the interface of the positive A layer.

21. The optical laminate according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, When the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer are analyzed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, i.e., TOF-SIMS, the following equation (A) is satisfied. Equation (A): I AU >1.3 × I SU In equation (A), I AU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the interface of the positive A layer of the orientation layer and ultraviolet absorption layer. I SU This represents the intensity of secondary ions originating from the photo-orientation component detected at a position 100 nm along the thickness direction from the side of the orientation layer / UV absorption layer that is not in contact with the positive A layer.

22. A transfer laminate having a support that peelably supports the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer on the side of the optical laminate of claim 17 or 18, the transfer laminate being used for transferring the positive A layer and the orientation layer / UV absorption layer.

23. A polarizer comprising the optical laminate and polarizing element as described in claim 17 or 18.

24. A polarizer comprising a polarizing element and an optical laminate as described in claim 17 or 18, which serves as a transparent protective plate located on at least one side of the polarizing element.

25. A display panel having an optical laminate as described in claim 17 or 18 on the light emitting surface of a display element.

26. The display panel according to claim 25, wherein, The alignment layer, which also serves as the ultraviolet absorption layer, is located on a side further away from the display element than the positive A layer.

27. A display panel having a polarizer as described in claim 24 on the light emitting surface of a display element.

28. The display panel according to claim 27, wherein, The optical stack is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element.

29. The display panel according to claim 27, wherein, The polarizing element is located on a side further away from the display element than the optical laminate.

30. The display panel according to claim 27, wherein, The optical laminate is located on a side further away from the display element than the polarizing element, and with the polarizing element as a reference, the optical laminate or positive A layer as described in claim 17 or 18 is provided on the opposite side of the optical laminate.

31. An image display device comprising the display panel of claim 25.

32. An image display device comprising the display panel of claim 27.

Images