A precision seed-metering device and an automatic seed-metering device compensation system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural intelligent seeding machinery technology, and discloses a precision seed metering device and its automatic seeding compensation system. The system includes a seed metering component, a rotary automatic seed metering device, a seeding monitoring device, and an automatic compensation turnover component. The seed metering disc has shaped holes, and an intermittent drive unit drives the seed metering disc to rotate rapidly and then stop for a long period, with the shaped holes sequentially aligning with the seed metering tubes to complete seed filling and metering. The seeding monitoring device uses a combination of photosensitive sensors and contact elements with logic detection to monitor falling seeds in real time and determine missed seeding. The automatic compensation turnover component includes a feeding metering chamber, an airflow propulsion device, and an airflow-driven rotor. The outer edge of the rotor has a single-seed cavity, releasing only one compensation seed at a time under airflow drive, achieving precise compensation. Through mechanical and pneumatic combined single-seed quantitative compensation and dual-modal mutual calibration of missed seeding detection, real-time detection and precise hole-to-hole compensation of missed seeding are achieved, significantly improving seeding accuracy and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural seeding machinery technology, specifically a precision seed metering device and its automatic seeding rate compensation system. Background Technology

[0002] Precision seeding is the core of modern precision seeding. Its goal is to accurately sow a specified number of seeds into the seed furrow at a predetermined plant spacing. The uniformity of sowing and the accuracy of sowing quantity directly affect the crop emergence rate and final yield.

[0003] Currently, most precision seed metering devices widely used in production employ a mechanical seed metering principle. A typical structure mainly consists of a seed box, a seed metering tray, and a seed metering tube. To monitor the quality of the seed metering operation, some existing equipment has added an infrared photoelectric sensor to the seed metering tube. This sensor generates a pulse signal by blocking the sensor's light path as the seeds fall. The pulse count is compared with the theoretical seeding amount, and an audible and visual alarm is issued to the operator when a deviation occurs.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technology has a key drawback: the existing monitoring system only has post-event detection and alarm functions, lacking the ability to automatically compensate in real-time. When the photoelectric sensor detects a missed sowing, the corresponding empty hole on the seed metering tray has already rotated past the feeding position, and the seed can no longer be filled in the original hole position. In actual production, after receiving the alarm, operators usually can only choose to stop the machine for inspection or manually replant each hole after the entire field has been finished. This post-event remedial method of manual replanting is labor-intensive, inefficient, and significantly increases labor costs; manual replanting makes it difficult to accurately locate the specific position of the original missed sowing hole, and the plant spacing deviation is generally more than ±5 cm, resulting in uneven plant distribution within the row, affecting the canopy structure and light energy utilization efficiency; the timing of replanting is severely delayed, with the emergence time of replanted seeds delayed by 3 to 5 days compared to normal sowing, resulting in uneven plant size in the field, with weaker seedlings at a disadvantage in the competition for water and nutrients, ultimately leading to reduced yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision seed metering device and its automatic seeding rate compensation system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A precision seed metering device includes a seed metering assembly and a device support. The seed metering assembly includes a conical seed metering cylinder and a seed metering tube disposed at its bottom. It also includes:

[0008] The rotary automatic seed metering assembly includes a rotatable seed metering disc with several shaped holes, and the discharge end of the seed metering tube corresponds to the movement path of the shaped holes.

[0009] An intermittent drive unit, mounted on an equipment bracket, is used to drive the seed metering disc to rotate intermittently so that the various types of holes are aligned with the seed metering tube in sequence.

[0010] A metering tube is fixed on a device support, and a seeding monitoring device is installed on its tube body. The seeding monitoring device is used to detect the passing seeds and generate a seeding signal.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the intermittent drive unit uses an incomplete gear mechanism as the drive medium, driving the turntable frame and the seed metering disc to rotate intermittently with fast rotation and long stop, completing seed filling and monitoring during the static period.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the rotary automatic seed metering component includes a rotary frame, the seed metering disc and the rotary frame are an integral structure and are fixedly connected by a fixing connector; a hollow protrusion is provided at the center line position of the rotary frame, and a shaft end fixing cylinder is fixedly installed in the hollow protrusion; a central shaft seat is correspondingly provided at the center line position of the seed metering disc, and a shaft limiting groove and an angle sensing ring are provided in the central shaft seat. The angle sensing ring is sleeved on the drive shaft and is used to provide real-time feedback of the rotation angle.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sowing monitoring device includes a photosensitive sensor and a sensing element; the bottom of the metering tube is provided with a slow-fall section, and the photosensitive sensor is disposed between the slow-fall section and the wall of the metering tube to detect the shading signal when the seed passes through; the sensing element is connected to a U-shaped sensor through a transmission rod to sense the collision signal when the seed falls; the control system performs AND logic judgment on the shading signal and the collision signal, and when both are valid within a preset time window, it is confirmed as a valid sowing.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sensing element is mounted on the sensor housing, the sensor housing is located at the discharge outlet pipe at the bottom of the metering tube, a mounting side frame is provided on the outside of the sensor housing, the U-shaped sensing element is supported by the mounting side frame, and the transmission end of the transmission rod is connected to the equipment bracket.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the rotary automatic seed metering assembly further includes a rotary frame and a positioning insert, the positioning insert being fitted into the rotary frame, and the tube of the seed metering tube extending into the positioning insert; the positioning insert is provided with a fitting for fitting the seed metering tube to ensure that each hole can move to directly below the seed metering tube.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the holes on the seed metering disc are arranged in a ring-shaped equidistant array; the rotary automatic seed metering component also includes an arc-shaped receiving hopper, which is located below the seed metering disc. As the seed metering disc rotates, each hole sequentially contacts the arc-shaped receiving hopper, and the discharge nozzle of the arc-shaped receiving hopper is connected to the metering tube.

[0017] This invention also discloses an automatic seeding rate compensation system, including a seed metering compensation frame, which is disposed on the side edge of the seed metering assembly, and a seed replenishment box is provided on the seed metering compensation frame. The system is characterized by further comprising:

[0018] An automatic compensation turnover component is installed on the seed metering compensation frame, and the automatic compensation turnover component includes a feeding metering chamber and an airflow propulsion device;

[0019] The feeding metering chamber is connected to the discharge end of the replanting box;

[0020] The airflow propulsion device pushes the seeds in the feeding metering chamber into the metering tube or the shaped hole through the feeding pipe based on the missed seeding signal fed back by the seeding monitoring equipment.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the seed metering compensation frame also includes a compensation frame body, on which a compensation seed funnel is provided. The compensation seed funnel is connected to the discharge end of the seed replenishment box. The feeding pipe is located below the compensation seed funnel, and the bottom of the feeding pipe is connected to the top of the metering pipe through a connecting pipe. The feeding pipe and the compensation seed funnel are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention: the automatic compensation turnover component further includes a compensation unloading part, the compensation unloading part includes a compensation temporary storage bin and an upper fixing head and a unloading connector disposed at the upper and lower ends of the compensation temporary storage bin; the feeding metering chamber includes a feeding chamber and a pneumatic mixing chamber, the blowing end of the airflow driving device is connected to the pneumatic mixing chamber, and the pneumatic mixing chamber is connected to the compensation temporary storage bin through a lateral connector.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention: the pneumatic mixing chamber has an elliptical frame structure, and a rotatable airflow drive wheel is provided at the bottom center line. The outer edge of the airflow drive wheel is provided with a cavity that can only hold a single seed. Under the action of airflow, each rotation releases only one seed into the compensation storage chamber.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the automatic compensation turnover assembly also includes a pressure drive mechanism and a pneumatic diverter pipe. The end of the pneumatic diverter pipe is connected to the feeding connector and is located between the compensation feeding part and the feeding pipe, and is used to provide secondary airflow to propel the compensated seeds.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] This invention constructs a parallel, closed-loop system architecture with both mechanical precision seeding and pneumatic automatic compensation pathways, ensuring that normal seeding and abnormal compensation do not interfere with each other. An incomplete gear mechanism drives the seeding disc in intermittent indexing motion with rapid rotation and long stops, and an absolute angle sensor provides real-time feedback of the rotation angle, eliminating the cumulative error of stepper drive and providing ample static time windows for high-speed seed filling and precise monitoring. It innovatively combines photoelectric shading detection and tactile collision detection with logic, confirming effective seeding only when both modal signals are simultaneously valid within a preset time window, fundamentally solving the problem of false detection and missed detection by a single sensor in high-dust, high-vibration field environments. An airflow-driven rotary wheel mechanism is designed at the compensation execution end. The physical size of the cavity on the outer edge of the rotary wheel limits the capacity to hold and release only one seed at a time, achieving precise mechanical quantification through pneumatic drive, solving the industry problem of difficulty in single-seed precision control in pneumatic conveying.

[0027] This invention achieves precise closed-loop control at the single-grain level throughout the entire process from monitoring to compensation, significantly improving the accuracy of missed seed detection, eliminating reseeding during the compensation process, and meeting the real-time requirements of high-speed seeding with the compensation response speed. The overall system combines high precision, high reliability, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0028] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Furthermore, these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the precision seed metering device and its automatic seeding quantity compensation system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding compensation frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of region A in the middle.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary automatic seeding assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sowing monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 The flowchart is shown for the automatic seeding rate compensation system provided by the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Seed metering compensation frame; 2. Seed metering component; 3. Equipment support; 4. Rotary automatic seed metering component; 5. Automatic compensation turnover component; 7. Seeding monitoring equipment; 8. Intermittent drive unit; 11. Compensation frame main body; 12. Metering tube; 13. Compensation seed funnel; 14. Feeding pipe; 15. Replenishment box; 16. Connecting pipe; 21. Conical seed metering cylinder; 22. Seed metering cylinder base; 23. Seed metering pipe; 31. Support base; 32. Support crossbeam; 33. Support top plate; 41. Rotary frame; 42. Positioning insert; 43. Seed metering disc; 44. Arc-shaped receiving hopper; 45. Hole; 46. Fixed connector; 47. Insertion piece; 51. Compensation feeding. 511. Compensation storage bin; 512. Upper fixed head; 513. Discharge connector; 514. Side connector; 52. Feed metering chamber; 521. Feeding chamber; 522. Pneumatic mixing chamber; 523. Airflow driven wheel; 53. Airflow propulsion device; 54. Pressure drive mechanism; 55. Pneumatic diverter; 61. Hollow protrusion; 62. Shaft end fixed cylinder; 63. Central shaft seat; 64. Shaft limiting groove; 65. Angle sensing ring; 71. Slow-fall section; 72. Photosensitive sensor; 73. Sensor housing; 74. Discharge outlet pipe; 75. Sensing element; 76. Precision sensing head; 77. Transmission rod; 78. Mounting side frame; 79. U-shaped sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or identical elements.

[0039] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] Example 1;

[0042] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 7This invention provides a precision seed metering device and its automatic seeding compensation system. Structurally, the system mainly consists of a seed metering compensation frame 1, a seed metering component 2, an equipment support 3, a rotary automatic seed metering component 4, an automatic compensation turnover component 5, a seeding monitoring device 7, and an intermittent drive unit 8. The equipment support 3 serves as the overall load-bearing foundation and includes a support base 31. A support beam 32 is vertically mounted on the support base 31, and a support top plate 33 is installed on the top of the support beam 32. The seed metering component 2 is mounted on the equipment support 3 and includes a conical seed metering cylinder 21. The conical seed metering cylinder 21 is a cylindrical structure with a conical bottom, used to hold the seeds to be sown. Its bottom is connected to a seed metering cylinder base 22, which is fixed to the equipment support 3 by a support frame. A seed metering pipe 23 is installed at the bottom of the seed metering cylinder base 22. A seed metering compensation frame 1 is located on the side of the seed metering assembly 2. It includes a compensation frame body 11, on which a seed replenishment box 15 is mounted. The seed replenishment box 15 stores spare compensation seeds. A rotary automatic seed metering assembly 4 is located below the seed metering assembly 2. It includes a rotatable seed metering disc 43 with several perforations 45. The discharge end of the seed metering tube 23 is aligned with the movement path of the perforations 45. A metering tube 12 is fixedly mounted on the support beam 32. A seeding monitoring device 7 is installed on the tube body of the metering tube 12. An automatic compensation turnover assembly 5 is mounted on the seed metering compensation frame 1. Its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the seed replenishment box 15, and its outlet end is connected to the metering tube 12 via a discharge pipe 14.

[0043] During operation, seeds in the conical seed metering cylinder 21 fall through the seed metering tube 23 into the orifices 45 of the rotary automatic seed metering assembly 4 under the influence of gravity. The intermittent drive unit 8 drives the seed metering disc 43 to rotate intermittently, causing the seed-filling orifices 45 to rotate sequentially to receive seeds directly below the seed metering tube 23, and then rotate to the discharge position to discharge the seeds. The discharged seeds fall into the seed furrow through the metering tube 12. As the seeds pass through the metering tube 12, the sowing monitoring device 7 detects the passing seeds in real time and generates a sowing signal. When the sowing monitoring device 7 detects that a seed has not been properly discharged from an orifice 45, i.e., a missed sowing occurs, the control system triggers the automatic compensation turnover assembly 5 to start, quantitatively removing compensation seeds from the replenishment box 15 and pushing them into the metering tube 12 through the feeding tube 14 or directly into the corresponding empty orifice 45 to complete precise compensation.

[0044] This embodiment employs a system architecture design that spatially separates the seeding function from the compensation function while maintaining a logical closed loop. This allows the main seeding process and the compensation seeding process to operate independently yet collaboratively. The seeding component 2 is responsible for normalized high-speed seed filling and seeding, while the seeding compensation rack 1 and its automatic compensation turnover component 5 only intervene when missed seeding occurs. This avoids interference from the compensation mechanism with the main seeding process, while ensuring the real-time nature and accuracy of the compensation.

[0045] This embodiment provides a closed-loop seeding system that integrates precision seeding, real-time monitoring, and automatic compensation. Under high-speed operation conditions, it can effectively solve the problem of missed seeding, ensure seeding uniformity and seeding accuracy, and achieve the technical goal of immediate compensation and precise seeding down to the hole from the overall architecture level.

[0046] Example 2;

[0047] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 This embodiment further defines the driving and positioning structure of the rotary automatic seeding component 4.

[0048] Structurally, the rotary automatic seed metering assembly 4 includes a rotary frame 41, a positioning insert 42, a seed metering disc 43, and an arc-shaped receiving hopper 44. The rotary frame 41 is a circular frame structure, rotatably mounted on the equipment bracket 3. The positioning insert 42 is not completely circular and is fitted into the inner ring of the rotary frame 41. The positioning insert 42 is provided with a fitting 47, through which the tube of the seed metering tube 23 extends into the positioning insert 42, thereby ensuring that each hole 45 can accurately receive seeds when it moves directly below the seed metering tube 23. The seed metering disc 43 is located at the bottom of the rotary frame 41. The rotary frame 41 and the seed metering disc 43 are an integral structure, and the two are fixedly connected by a fixing connector 46 and rotate synchronously. The holes 45 are arranged in a ring-shaped equidistant array in the bottom outer area of ​​the seed metering disc 43. A hollow protrusion 61 with an upward protrusion is provided at the center line of the turntable frame 41, and a shaft end fixing cylinder 62 is fixedly installed inside the hollow protrusion 61. A central shaft seat 63 is provided at the center line of the seed metering disc 43, and a shaft limiting groove 64 is machined in the central shaft seat 63. The drive shaft is limited in the shaft limiting groove 64, and the end of the drive shaft is installed in the shaft end fixing cylinder 62. An angle sensing ring 65 is sleeved on the drive shaft and is used to monitor and provide feedback on the rotation angle of the seed metering disc 43 in real time. The intermittent drive unit 8 is installed on the equipment support 3 and uses an incomplete gear mechanism as the drive medium, which is connected to the drive shaft for transmission. An arc-shaped receiving hopper 44 is installed on the top plate 33 of the support and is located below the seed metering disc 43. The arc-shaped receiving hopper 44 has a fully arc-shaped hopper-shaped receiving structure, and its discharge nozzle is connected to the metering tube 12.

[0049] During operation, the intermittent drive unit 8 drives the drive shaft to rotate via an incomplete gear mechanism, which in turn drives the turntable frame 41 and the seed metering disc 43 to perform intermittent indexing rotation with rapid rotation and long stops. During the brief rapid rotation phase, the seed metering disc 43 rotates through the angular distance between two adjacent holes 45; during the longer stationary phase, one hole 45 accurately stops directly below the seed metering tube 23 to receive seed filling, while the other hole 45 stops above the arc-shaped receiving hopper 44 to discharge material. The angle sensing coil 65 collects the angular displacement signal of the drive shaft in real time throughout the rotation process and feeds it back to the control system to ensure that the starting and ending positions of each indexing are accurate.

[0050] The rapid rotation and long stop motion characteristics achieved by the incomplete gear mechanism compress the position switching time of the shaped hole to an extremely short time, maximizing the stationary time available for seed filling and monitoring, fundamentally solving the problem of insufficient seed filling time under high-speed sowing conditions. At the same time, the double-end limiting structure of the shaft end fixing cylinder 62 and the central shaft seat 63, as well as the absolute angle feedback of the angle sensing coil 65, form a dual positioning guarantee of mechanical limiting and electronic sensing, eliminating the cumulative error commonly found in stepper drives.

[0051] This embodiment achieves high-precision intermittent indexing movement of the seed metering disc, allowing each hole to have ample dwell time at both the seed filling and material dropping positions, significantly improving the seed filling qualification rate and material dropping accuracy, and providing a reliable positional reference for subsequent seeding monitoring and missed seeding compensation.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 2. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The specific structure and working method of the seeding monitoring equipment 7 are further defined.

[0054] Structurally, the seeding monitoring device 7 includes a slow-fall section 71, a photosensitive sensor 72, a sensor housing 73, a discharge outlet pipe 74, a sensing element 75, a precision sensing head 76, a transmission rod 77, a mounting side frame 78, and a U-shaped sensor 79. The slow-fall section 71 is installed at the bottom of the metering tube 12. The slow-fall section 71 is a slightly inclined conical structure, with an annular mounting gap formed between its outer wall and the inner wall of the metering tube 12. The photosensitive sensor 72 is disposed in this annular gap to detect the light-blocking pulse signal generated when seeds pass through the slow-fall section 71. The sensor housing 73 is located at the connection between the bottom of the metering tube 12 and the discharge outlet pipe 74. An outwardly extending mounting side frame 78 is provided along the outer edge of the sensor housing 73. The sensing element 75 is mounted on the sensor housing 73, and the detection end of the sensing element 75 is equipped with a precision sensing head 76. The U-shaped sensor 79 is supported and mounted by a mounting bracket 78. One end of the sensor extends into the discharge outlet pipe 74 and is located on the seed's falling path. The other end is connected to the precision sensing head 76 via a transmission rod 77. The transmission end of the transmission rod 77 is connected to the equipment bracket 3 to form a support. The control system is electrically connected to the photosensitive sensor 72 and the sensing element 75, respectively, and performs logical judgments on the signals output by both.

[0055] During operation, when a seed falls from the metering tube 12, it first passes through the slow-fall section 71, where it blocks the light path emitted by the photosensitive sensor 72, generating a light-blocking pulse signal. The seed continues to fall into the discharge outlet tube 74, impacting the U-shaped sensor 79 and causing a slight displacement or vibration. This displacement or vibration is transmitted to the precision sensing head 76 via the transmission rod 77, and the sensing element 75 generates a sensing pulse signal. After receiving these two pulse signals, the control system determines whether they are both effective within a preset narrow time window. If both are effective, it is considered a valid sowing and the count is incremented. If only one signal is effective, it is determined to be a sensor malfunction or foreign object interference, triggering an alarm. If no effective signal is detected within a predetermined time after passing through the shaped hole, it is considered a missed sowing, and the control system immediately generates a missed sowing signal and triggers a compensation command.

[0056] This embodiment employs a combined monitoring method utilizing two detection techniques based on different physical principles: optical sensing and mechanical sensing. The photosensitive sensor achieves non-contact detection by utilizing the seed's obstruction of the light path, offering a fast response but susceptible to interference from dust and debris. The mechanical sensor achieves contact detection through the mechanical energy transfer from seed collisions, exhibiting strong resistance to dirt but facing the risk of mechanical fatigue. By incorporating logical judgments into the seeding monitoring, valid seeding is only counted when both sensors confirm seed passage within the same time window. This achieves complementary advantages and cross-correction of the two sensing methods.

[0057] This embodiment greatly improves the reliability of sowing monitoring in harsh environments with high dust and strong vibration in the field. It effectively eliminates false counts caused by dust obstruction and false signals caused by mechanical vibration, significantly improving the accuracy of missed sowing judgment and providing a solid and reliable signal foundation for the automatic compensation system.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 The overall layout and connection relationship of the automatic compensation turnover component 5 are further defined.

[0060] Structurally, the seed metering compensation frame 1 also includes a compensation seed funnel 13, which is fixedly installed on the compensation frame body 11, with its inlet end connected to the outlet end of the seed replenishment box 15. A discharge pipe 14 is located below the compensation seed funnel 13, and the discharge pipe 14 and the compensation seed funnel 13 are staggered, meaning they are not aligned vertically. An automatic compensation turnover assembly 5 is disposed between the compensation seed funnel 13 and the discharge pipe 14, used to connect their material passages. The automatic compensation turnover assembly 5 includes a compensation discharge section 51, a feeding metering chamber 52, an airflow driving device 53, and a pressure driving mechanism 54. The top inlet of the feeding metering chamber 52 is connected to the outlet of the compensation seed funnel 13. The airflow driving device 53 is an airflow generator, with its blowing end connected to the bottom of the feeding metering chamber 52. The inlet side of the compensation discharge section 51 communicates with the feeding metering chamber 52, and its outlet end is connected to the discharge pipe 14. The feeding pipe 14 passes through the top plate 33 of the support, and its bottom is connected to the top of the metering pipe 12 through the connecting pipe 16. The pressure drive mechanism 54 is externally connected to a pneumatic diverter pipe 55, and the end of the pneumatic diverter pipe 55 is connected to the connection between the compensating feeding part 51 and the feeding pipe 14.

[0061] During operation, when the control system issues a compensation command, the compensation seeds in the compensation seed funnel 13 fall into the feeding metering chamber 52 under the action of gravity; the airflow pushing device 53 starts to blow airflow into the feeding metering chamber 52, pushing the seeds from the feeding metering chamber 52 into the compensation feeding section 51; after the seeds are temporarily stored in the compensation feeding section 51, the pressure driving mechanism 54 introduces secondary pushing airflow through the pneumatic diverting pipe 55 to the feeding connector, pushing the seeds down along the feeding pipe 14, through the connecting pipe 16 into the metering pipe 12, and finally falling into the target hole 45 or directly into the seed furrow to complete the compensation.

[0062] This embodiment utilizes a staggered layout to design the delivery path of the compensation seeds as a non-straight-drop, tortuous route, preventing seeds in the seed replenishment box 15 from accidentally falling due to gravity in the uncompensated state. The primary delivery airflow provided by the airflow drive device 53 and the secondary driving airflow provided by the pressure drive mechanism 54 form a graded relay-type pneumatic conveying system, ensuring both the continuity of seed delivery and precise control over the timing and speed of seed release.

[0063] This embodiment achieves on-demand quantitative delivery of compensation seeds through a staggered arrangement and graded pneumatic conveying structure design, avoiding seed leakage when the compensation mechanism is in standby mode, while ensuring that the seeds can quickly and accurately reach the target position after the compensation command is issued, thus meeting the requirements of high-speed sowing for compensation response speed.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 4. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 The internal fine structure of the automatic compensation turnover component 5 is further defined, and its core technical solution for single-particle quantitative compensation is specifically revealed.

[0066] Structurally, the compensating feeding section 51 includes a compensating temporary storage chamber 511, an upper fixing head 512, a feeding connector 513, and a side connector 514. The upper fixing head 512 is located at the top of the compensating temporary storage chamber 511 and is used to fix the compensating feeding section 51 to the compensating frame body 11. The feeding connector 513 is located at the bottom of the compensating temporary storage chamber 511 and is connected to the feeding pipe 14 below. The side connector 514 is opened on the side wall of the compensating temporary storage chamber 511. The feeding metering chamber 52 includes a feeding chamber 521 and a pneumatic mixing chamber 522. The feeding chamber 521 is located at the top, and its top end communicates with the compensating seed funnel 13. The pneumatic mixing chamber 522 is located at the bottom of the feeding chamber 521, and the two are connected internally. The pneumatic mixing chamber 522 has an elliptical frame structure with a hollow interior. A freely rotating airflow drive wheel 523 is installed at the bottom centerline via a rotating shaft. The outer circumference of the airflow-driven rotor 523 has multiple cavities, each capable of holding a single seed. The dimensions of each cavity are designed to match the seed size of the target crop. The blowing end of the airflow-driven device 53 is connected to one side of the pneumatic mixing chamber 522, and the other side of the pneumatic mixing chamber 522 is connected to the compensation storage chamber 511 via a lateral connector 514. The end of the pneumatic diverter pipe 55 is connected to the discharge connector 513, located in the transition area between the compensation discharge section 51 and the discharge pipe 14.

[0067] When the missed seed signal triggers the compensation command, the seeds in the compensation seed funnel 13 first fall into the feeding chamber 521, then into the pneumatic mixing chamber 522 and fill the various cavities of the airflow-driven rotor 523. The airflow-driven device 53 starts simultaneously, blowing pressurized airflow into the pneumatic mixing chamber 522, which in turn drives the airflow-driven rotor 523 to rotate around its axis. As the rotor rotates, the seed-filled cavities pass sequentially through the connection between the pneumatic mixing chamber 522 and the side connector 514. Under the combined action of airflow and gravity, the individual seeds in the cavities are pushed out one by one and enter the compensation temporary storage chamber 511 through the side connector 514. After a brief stay in the compensation temporary storage chamber 511, the pressure-driven mechanism 54 introduces secondary airflow through the pneumatic diverter pipe 55 to the feed connector 513, pushing the individual seed downwards along the feed pipe 14 until it accurately falls into the identified missed seed hole 45, completing the single-seed precise compensation.

[0068] This embodiment combines pneumatic conveying with a mechanical metering wheel to construct a pneumatically driven single-seed metering and releasing mechanism. The physical size of the cavity of the airflow-driven wheel 523 limits it to holding only one seed at a time, fundamentally solving the problems of inaccurate metering and the tendency for multiple seeds to be conveyed simultaneously by pneumatic conveying. The dual function of the airflow—serving as both the power source for driving the wheel's rotation and the conveying medium for propelling the seed's movement—eliminates the need for additional motors or electromagnetic drive components, resulting in a simple, compact structure and fast response. The secondary airflow is relayed and accelerated to the seed through the pneumatic splitter 55, ensuring that the seed gains sufficient kinetic energy after entering the feed pipe 14 to overcome pipe wall friction and quickly reach the target hole.

[0069] This embodiment achieves precise, single-seed control of the entire compensation process, from the seed storage box to the target seed hole. The compensation process does not result in reseeding, elevating the accuracy of compensation operations from the traditional seed cluster level to the single-seed level. Simultaneously, the pneumatically driven rotary metering mechanism offers rapid response and eliminates mechanical wear, enabling it to complete the entire compensation cycle within the brief static window of the seed metering disc, thus meeting the real-time compensation requirements of high-speed seeding.

[0070] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0071] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A precision seed metering device, comprising a seed metering assembly (2) and a device support (3), wherein the seed metering assembly (2) comprises a conical seed metering cylinder (21) and a seed metering tube (23) disposed at its bottom, characterized in that, Also includes: The rotary automatic seed metering assembly (4) includes a rotatable seed metering disc (43), which has several holes (45) and the discharge end of the seed metering tube (23) corresponds to the movement path of the holes (45). An intermittent drive unit (8) is installed on the equipment bracket (3) to drive the seed metering disc (43) to rotate intermittently so that the various holes (45) are aligned with the seed metering tube (23) in sequence. A metering tube (12) is fixed on a device bracket (3), and a seeding monitoring device (7) is provided on its tube body. The seeding monitoring device (7) is used to detect the passing seeds and generate a seeding signal.

2. The precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermittent drive unit (8) uses an incomplete gear mechanism as the drive medium to drive the turntable frame (41) and the seed metering disc (43) to rotate intermittently with fast rotation and long stop, and to complete seed filling and monitoring during the static period.

3. The precision seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary automatic seed metering assembly (4) includes a rotary frame (41), the seed metering disc (43) and the rotary frame (41) are an integral structure and are fixedly connected by a fixing connector (46); a hollow protrusion (61) is provided at the center line position of the rotary frame (41), and a shaft end fixing cylinder (62) is fixedly installed in the hollow protrusion (61); a central shaft seat (63) is provided at the center line position of the seed metering disc (43), and a shaft limiting groove (64) and an angle sensing ring (65) are provided in the central shaft seat (63). The angle sensing ring (65) is sleeved on the drive shaft and is used to provide real-time feedback of the rotation angle.

4. The precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing monitoring device (7) includes a photosensitive sensor (72) and a sensing element (75); the bottom of the metering tube (12) is provided with a slow-fall section (71), and the photosensitive sensor (72) is set between the slow-fall section (71) and the tube wall of the metering tube (12) to detect the shading signal when the seed passes through; the sensing element (75) is connected to a U-shaped sensor (79) through a transmission rod (77) to sense the collision signal when the seed falls; the control system performs AND logic judgment on the shading signal and the collision signal, and when both are valid within a preset time window, it is confirmed as a valid sowing.

5. The precision seed metering device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensing element (75) is mounted on the sensor housing (73), which is located at the discharge outlet pipe (74) at the bottom of the metering tube (12). The sensor housing (73) is provided with a mounting side bracket (78) on the outside. The U-shaped sensor (79) is supported by the mounting side bracket (78). The transmission end of the transmission rod (77) is connected to the equipment bracket (3).

6. The precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary automatic seed metering assembly (4) also includes a rotary frame (41) and a positioning insert (42). The positioning insert (42) is fitted into the rotary frame (41), and the tube of the seed metering tube (23) extends into the positioning insert (42). The positioning insert (42) is provided with a fitting (47) for fitting the seed metering tube (23) to ensure that each shaped hole (45) can move to the direct underside of the seed metering tube (23). The shaped holes (45) on the seed metering disc (43) are arranged in a ring-shaped equidistant array. The rotary automatic seed metering assembly (4) also includes an arc-shaped receiving hopper (44). The arc-shaped receiving hopper (44) is located below the seed metering disc (43). As the seed metering disc (43) rotates, each shaped hole (45) sequentially connects with the arc-shaped receiving hopper (44), and the discharge nozzle of the arc-shaped receiving hopper (44) is connected to the metering tube (12).

7. An automatic seeding compensation system, applied to the precision seed metering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a seed metering compensation frame (1), the seed metering compensation frame (1) being disposed on the side edge of a seed metering assembly (2), and a seed replenishment box (15) being provided on the seed metering compensation frame (1), characterized in that, Also includes: An automatic compensation turnover component (5) is installed on the seeding compensation frame (1). The automatic compensation turnover component (5) includes a feeding metering chamber (52) and an airflow driving device (53). The feeding metering chamber (52) is connected to the discharge end of the replanting box (15); The airflow propulsion device (53) pushes the seeds in the feeding metering chamber (52) into the metering tube (12) or the shaped hole (45) through the feeding pipe (14) based on the missed seeding signal fed back by the seeding monitoring device (7).

8. The automatic seeding rate compensation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The seed metering compensation frame (1) also includes a compensation frame body (11), on which a compensation seed funnel (13) is provided. The compensation seed funnel (13) is connected to the discharge end of the seed box (15). The feeding pipe (14) is located below the compensation seed funnel (13), and the bottom of the feeding pipe (14) is connected to the top of the metering pipe (12) through a connecting pipe (16). The feeding pipe (14) and the compensation seed funnel (13) are arranged in a staggered manner.

9. The automatic seeding rate compensation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The automatic compensation turnover component (5) also includes a compensation feeding part (51), which includes a compensation storage bin (511) and an upper fixing head (512) and a feeding connector (513) disposed at the upper and lower ends of the compensation storage bin (511); the feeding metering chamber (52) includes a feeding chamber (521) and a pneumatic mixing chamber (522), the blowing end of the airflow pushing device (53) is connected to the pneumatic mixing chamber (522), and the pneumatic mixing chamber (522) is connected to the compensation storage bin (511) through a side connector (514).

10. The automatic seeding rate compensation system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The pneumatic mixing chamber (522) has an elliptical frame structure, and a rotatable airflow drive wheel (523) is provided at the center of its bottom. The outer edge of the airflow drive wheel (523) is provided with a cavity that can only hold a single seed. Under the action of airflow, each rotation releases only one seed into the compensation storage chamber (511). The automatic compensation turnover assembly (5) also includes a pressure drive mechanism (54) and a pneumatic diverter (55). The end of the pneumatic diverter (55) is connected to the feeding connector (513) and is located between the compensation feeding part (51) and the feeding pipe (14) to provide secondary airflow to the compensated seeds.

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