Torreya grandis disease and pest control method based on growth stage adaptation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, specifically to a method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis adapted to different growth stages, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparing a targeted compound agent, wherein the agent contains at least two targeted components for Torreya grandis fruits at different growth stages, each targeting a different growth stage of the fruit; Step 2: Applying the agent prepared in Step 1 in a single, comprehensive spray to cover the entire Torreya grandis plant. This invention precisely utilizes the inherent characteristics of first-generation young fruit (high conductivity and high dielectric constant), second-generation mid-fruit (medium electrical parameters), and third-generation mature fruit (low electrical parameters) to design electrosensitive carriers that respond to each of the three generations of fruit; when the agent is sprayed onto the tree, the first electrosensitive carrier accurately identifies the high electrical environment of the first-generation young fruit, immediately triggering structural rupture and releasing the first effective component targeting the young fruit's disease.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to a method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on adaptation to growth stages. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main method for controlling crop diseases and pests is chemical control, which involves spraying pesticides such as insecticides and fungicides to control the occurrence and spread of diseases and pests.

[0003] For example, for citrus canker, thiabendazole copper suspension is applied evenly to the whole plant to disinfect and control Xanthomonas citrus; for apple ring rot, tebuconazole suspension is applied evenly to the whole plant to kill and control Botrytis cinerea; and for pear black spot, difenoconazole water-dispersible granules are applied evenly to the whole plant to disinfect and control Black Spot fungus.

[0004] Therefore, it can be seen that the above-mentioned common prevention and control methods are all achieved by using a single agent in combination with uniform application to the whole plant.

[0005] However, Torreya grandis has unique biological characteristics. Its fruit takes three years from pollination to maturity. That is to say, on the same plant, there are first-generation young fruits of the current year, second-generation medium fruits of the following year, and third-generation mature fruits waiting to be harvested. This is commonly known as "three generations on the same plant". This means that the fruits of different generations are more sensitive to diseases and pests, and the types and concentrations of pesticides that are suitable for application are also different. For example, first-generation young fruits are susceptible to algal spot disease and gall mites, second-generation medium fruits are susceptible to scale insects, and third-generation mature fruits are more sensitive to fungal fruit rot.

[0006] Therefore, when existing pest and disease control methods are applied to Torreya grandis, the three generations of mature fruit will have excessive pesticide residues due to repeated absorption of pesticides, while the first generation of young fruit will suffer from phytotoxicity due to excessively high pesticide concentrations. If the method of applying pesticides in stages is adopted, that is, applying different pesticides to different generations of fruit at different times, although it can alleviate the above problems, the operation is extremely cumbersome, requiring 4-6 applications per year. The labor cost increases by more than 50% compared to spraying the whole plant, and multiple applications place a greater burden on natural enemy insects and the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on adaptation to growth stages, as detailed below: The pest and disease control methods for Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation include the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a targeted compound agent, which contains at least two targeted components for different growth stages of Torreya grandis fruit, each targeting a different growth stage of Torreya grandis fruit. Step 2: Apply the pesticide prepared in Step 1 to the entire plant in a single spray, ensuring that the pesticide covers the entire Torreya grandis plant. Each of the targeted components responds to the electrical properties of the fruit at different growth stages of Torreya grandis, and undergoes selective rupture under its corresponding electrical properties to release the active ingredients.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the fruits of Torreya grandis at different growth stages include first-generation young fruits, second-generation medium fruits, and third-generation mature fruits. The targeting components include a first targeting component, a second targeting component, and a third targeting component; The first target component corresponds to the first-generation young fruit, the second target component corresponds to the second-generation medium fruit, and the third target component corresponds to the third-generation mature fruit.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first targeting component includes a first electrosensitive carrier and a first effective ingredient, wherein the first electrosensitive carrier ruptures in response to the electrical environment of the first-generation immature fruit and releases the first effective ingredient; The second targeting component comprises a second electrosensitive carrier and a second active ingredient, wherein the second electrosensitive carrier ruptures in response to the electrical environment of the second-generation fruit, releasing the second active ingredient; The third targeting component comprises a third electrosensitive carrier and a third active ingredient. The third electrosensitive carrier ruptures in response to the electrical environment of the third-generation mature fruit, releasing the third active ingredient.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the electrical properties of the fruit are the electrical parameters of the fruit tissue, which include electrical conductivity and relative permittivity.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first electrosensitive carrier comprises sodium alginate-sodium polyacrylate copolymer and conductive groups.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the second electrosensitive carrier comprises chitosan-gelatin copolymer and conductive groups.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the third electrosensitive carrier comprises a starch-modified clay composite and conductive groups.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first active ingredient is selected from one or more of copper rosinate, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole, and azoxystrobin.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the second active ingredient is selected from one or more of spirotetramat, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the third active ingredient is selected from one or more of quinoline copper, mancozeb, chlorothalonil, and tebuconazole.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention precisely utilizes the inherent characteristics of first-generation young fruit (high conductivity and high dielectric constant), second-generation mid-stage fruit (medium electrical parameters), and third-generation mature fruit (low electrical parameters) to design electrosensitive carriers that respond to each of the three generations of fruit. When the pesticide is sprayed onto the tree, the first electrosensitive carrier accurately identifies the high electrical environment of the first-generation young fruit, immediately triggering structural rupture and releasing the first effective component targeting the disease in the young fruit. Meanwhile, the second and third carriers remain stable in this environment, preventing excessive accumulation of pesticide on the young fruit or the release of incorrect pesticides. Similarly, the second and third carriers only respond to the electrical characteristics of the second-generation mid-stage fruit and the third-generation mature fruit, respectively, to achieve targeted pesticide release, forming a one-to-one identification mechanism of "electrical fingerprint-carrier response." This ensures that the components do not interfere with each other, eliminates cross-contamination, and allows different generations of fruit to receive precise control tailored to their growth stage and disease type. This fundamentally solves the contradiction between "excessive pesticide residues in mature fruit" and "pesticide damage in young fruit" caused by traditional pesticide application.

[0018] This invention achieves a revolutionary breakthrough by premixing three electrosensitive carriers into a single formulation, enabling "one-time full-area spraying for simultaneous control of three generations." After spraying, the first carrier targets young fruit, the second protects medium-sized fruit, and the third safeguards mature fruit. The three carriers work in parallel without interfering with each other. This collaborative division of labor mechanism avoids repetitive manual labor, mechanical waste, and time costs associated with multiple applications, thereby improving control efficiency and solving the inefficiency problem of traditional methods that require multiple applications and different parts of the plant.

[0019] This invention utilizes the precise response characteristics of an electrically sensitive carrier to construct a green pest control system characterized by "targeted release and low environmental residue." After spraying, the carrier ruptures and releases the pesticide only on the surface of the target fruit, with the remaining pesticide adhering to non-target areas in a stable form, avoiding ineffective volatilization, drift, or seepage into the soil. Simultaneously, a single spray replaces frequent operations, reducing the number of times agricultural machinery needs to enter the field, protecting soil structure and field ecological balance. Furthermore, the biodegradability of the carrier material further reduces the environmental burden, providing a sustainable green solution for Torreya grandis cultivation, aligning with the low-carbon and environmentally friendly development needs of modern agriculture. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0021] This invention provides a method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation. It mainly utilizes the inherent differences in electrical parameters among the first-generation young fruit, second-generation mid-season fruit, and third-generation mature fruit of Torreya grandis, designing targeted components that respond to different electrical environments. Differential and precise control of the three generations of fruit is achieved through a single, comprehensive spray. The following detailed description includes test examples, preparation examples, implementation examples, and validation examples, wherein: The test cases were used to confirm that there are indeed distinguishable electrical differences among the three generations of Torreya grandis fruits, providing a basis for the targeted identification of this invention; The preparation examples illustrate the specific preparation methods of the first, second, and third electrosensitive carriers and the targeted composite drug. The examples are used to verify the field application effects of the present invention under different planting environments; The verification examples systematically demonstrate the technical effects of the present invention from multiple perspectives, including carrier structure, compatibility, fracture morphology, release selectivity, formulation optimization, and comparison with existing technologies.

[0022] Test case Ten 10-year-old Torreya grandis trees were selected, and 30 young fruits, 30 medium fruits, and 30 mature fruits were collected in mid-July, for a total of 900 samples. All samples were kept free of deformities, damage, and pest infestations.

[0023] Remove the stem from the fruit, wipe the surface dry with sterile gauze, cut a 2mm thick slice from the middle of the fruit, and place it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber to equilibrate for 24 hours at 25℃±1℃ and 60%±5% relative humidity.

[0024] A precision impedance analyzer was used to place fruit slices between test electrodes at a test frequency of 1MHz and a test voltage of 1V, ensuring complete contact between the slices and electrodes. Each sample was tested three times, with a 5-minute interval between each test. The conductivity and relative permittivity were recorded, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0025] Table 1 As shown in Table 1, the electrical parameter ranges of the three generations of fruits do not overlap within the 100kHz-5MHz frequency band, and the data stability is good, which can be used as the core basis for target identification.

[0026] It is important to emphasize that the specific values ​​measured in this test example are merely illustrative examples used to demonstrate that there are distinguishable electrical differences among the three generations of Torreya grandis fruits. Those skilled in the art should understand that the absolute values ​​of electrical conductivity and relative permittivity of Torreya grandis fruits from different varieties, origins, and tree ages may vary, but as long as there are distinguishable differences, the technical solution of this invention can be achieved.

[0027] It should be noted that although there are differences between field temperature and humidity and laboratory conditions, the relative electrical differences (i.e., the ranking and distinguishability of conductivity and dielectric constant) among the three generations of fruits remain stable under different environmental conditions. Based on this, those skilled in the art can reasonably expect that the carrier can still achieve selective rupture. Alternatively, a set of electrical parameter measurement data at different temperatures (e.g., 15℃, 25℃, 35℃) can be provided to prove that the difference ranges do not overlap.

[0028] Preparation Example Preparation of the first electrosensitive carrier: 30g of sodium alginate and 10g of sodium polyacrylate were added to 1L of deionized water and stirred at room temperature until completely dissolved. 0.4g of carboxylated carbon nanotubes were added and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes at a power of 200W and a frequency of 40kHz. The mixture was then passed through a microfluidic emulsification device at a flow rate of 10mL / min to form microspheres with a particle size of 100-200nm. The microspheres were spray-dried at an inlet air temperature of 120℃ and an outlet air temperature of 60℃ to obtain the first electrosensitive carrier powder.

[0029] Preparation of the second electrosensitive carrier: Take 20g of chitosan and 10g of gelatin, add 1L of deionized water, heat to 50℃ and stir until completely dissolved; add 0.3g of graphene quantum dots and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes; pass the mixture through a microfluidic emulsification device, control the flow rate at 12mL / min, and form microspheres with a particle size of 150-250nm; spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 110℃ and outlet air temperature of 55℃ to obtain the second electrosensitive carrier powder.

[0030] Preparation of the third electrosensitive carrier: 40g of starch and 10g of modified clay were added to 1L of deionized water and heated to 60℃ with stirring to gelatinize. 0.2g of conductive carbon black was added, and the mixture was dispersed under high-speed shear at 8000rpm for 15 minutes. The mixture was then passed through a microfluidic emulsification device at a flow rate of 15mL / min to form microspheres with a particle size of 200-300nm. The microspheres were then spray-dried at an inlet air temperature of 130℃ and an outlet air temperature of 65℃ to obtain the third electrosensitive carrier powder.

[0031] Preparation of targeted compound drugs: Prepare 100 kg of reagent by weight percentage, wherein: First electrical sensitive carrier: 10kg; First active ingredient (12% copper rosinate suspension): 6 kg; Second electrical sensitive carrier: 12kg; Second active ingredient (33% Spiroworm·Thiamethoxam suspension): 10kg; Third electrical sensitive carrier: 8kg; Third active ingredient (33.5% quinoline copper suspension): 7 kg; Polycarboxylate dispersant: 2.5 kg; Nonionic surfactant: 0.4 kg; Ethylene glycol: 1.5 kg; Deionized water: Add to 100kg.

[0032] Preparation method: Add the first, second and third electrosensitive carrier powders to deionized water and stir to disperse evenly; add the first, second and third active ingredients in sequence and stir evenly; add dispersant, spreading agent and antifreeze, and continue stirring for 30 minutes; grind with a colloid mill until the particle size is ≤500nm, let stand for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform suspension.

[0033] Example Example 1

[0034] This embodiment targets the control of pests and diseases in 15-year-old Torreya grandis trees cultivated in mountainous areas. The control environment is characterized by a temperature of 22℃, relative humidity of 55%, and wind force ≤2, as detailed below: The compound agent prepared in the preparation example was applied to the entire plant of Torreya grandis trees in a single spray at a dosage of 900 ml, ensuring even coverage and the formation of a uniform water film on the leaf surface without dripping. Ten fruits each of the first-generation young fruit, second-generation mid-season fruit, and third-generation mature fruit were collected at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after application. The release of the active ingredients in each tissue was detected using HPLC. The specific results are as follows: 0.5 hours after application: the first active ingredient (copper rosinate) was detected in the tissue of the first-generation young fruit, with an average release of about 0.05% to 0.07%; it was not detected in the second-generation mid-fruit and the third-generation mature fruit (below the detection limit of 0.01%).

[0035] One hour after application: the release of the first active ingredient in the first-generation young fruit increased to 0.08%~0.12%; the second active ingredient (spirochlorpyrifos·thiamethoxam) began to be detected in the second-generation medium-sized fruit, with a release of about 0.03%~0.05%; it was still not detected in the third-generation mature fruit.

[0036] Two hours after application: the release of the first active ingredient in the first-generation young fruit tended to stabilize; the release of the second active ingredient in the second-generation medium-sized fruit increased to 0.08%~0.11%; the third active ingredient (quinoline copper) began to be detected in the third-generation mature fruit, with a release of about 0.02%~0.04%.

[0037] 6-12 hours after application: The corresponding active ingredients in each generation of fruit are continuously released, and the release rate gradually slows down.

[0038] 24 hours after application: the release rate of the first active ingredient in the first-generation young fruit is 88%~95%; the release rate of the second active ingredient in the second-generation medium fruit is 85%~92%; and the release rate of the third active ingredient in the third-generation mature fruit is 82%~90%.

[0039] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the three target components were released in vivo in a time-sequential and selective manner, and the release order matched the electrical environment characteristics of each generation of fruit.

[0040] Meanwhile, the occurrence of pests and diseases was investigated 15 days after pesticide application. Fifty fruits were randomly surveyed to calculate the incidence rate and control effect. The specific results are as follows: The incidence of algal spot disease in first-generation young fruits was 1.8%–2.4%; The incidence rate of first-generation fruit gall mites was 1.6%–2.1%; The second-generation control efficacy against fruit scale insects was 86.5%–91.0%. The incidence of fungal fruit rot in mature fruits of the third generation is 1.0%~1.5%; The fruit integrity rate was 98.5%~99.5%; The residual amount of quinoline copper in mature third-generation fruits is 0.06~0.10 mg / kg; Example 2

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the prevention and control environment in this embodiment is a high-temperature and high-humidity environment with an air temperature of 30°C and a relative humidity of 75%, as detailed below: 0.5 hours after application, the release of the first active ingredient in the first-generation young fruit is approximately 0.08%~0.12%; One hour after application, the release rate of the second active ingredient in the second-generation fruit was approximately 0.07% to 0.10%. 1.5 hours after application, the release of the third active ingredient in the mature fruit of the third generation was approximately 0.04% to 0.07%. 24-hour release rate: First active ingredient 90%~96%, Second active ingredient 87%~93%, Third active ingredient 85%~91%; Compared with Example 1, the release rate of each active ingredient is significantly accelerated under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

[0042] Meanwhile, the occurrence of pests and diseases was investigated 15 days after pesticide application. Fifty fruits were randomly surveyed to calculate the incidence rate and control effect. The specific results are as follows: The incidence of algal spot disease in first-generation young fruits was 1.3%–1.9%; The incidence rate of first-generation fruit gall mites was 1.1%–1.6%. The second-generation control efficacy against fruit scale insects was 88.0%–92.5%. The incidence of fungal fruit rot in mature fruits of the third generation is 0.7%~1.2%; The fruit integrity rate was 98.5%~99.8%; The residual amount of quinoline copper in mature fruits of the third generation is 0.04~0.08 mg / kg.

[0043] Verification Example Validation of carrier structure characterization The microstructure of the three carriers was observed using transmission electron microscopy: The first electrosensitive carrier has a particle size of 100-200nm, a spherical core-shell structure, a shell thickness of 20-30nm, and carboxylated carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed on the surface. Second electrosensitive carrier: Particle size 150-250nm, spherical, shell thickness 25-35nm; The third electrosensitive carrier has a particle size of 200-300 nm, is irregularly spherical, and has a shell thickness of 30-40 nm.

[0044] Infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the bonding between conductive groups and the shell material. The infrared spectrum of the first electrically sensitive carrier shows that at 1580 cm⁻¹... -1 An absorption peak appears nearby, which is attributed to the C=O characteristic vibration of carboxylated carbon nanotubes, indicating that carboxylated carbon nanotubes have been successfully introduced into the support. The infrared spectrum of the second electrosensitive carrier shows that at 1650 cm⁻¹ -1 An absorption peak appeared nearby, which is attributed to the C=C characteristic vibration of graphene quantum dots, indicating that graphene quantum dots have been successfully introduced into the carrier. The infrared spectrum of the third electrically sensitive carrier shows that at 1450 cm⁻¹ -1 An absorption peak appears nearby, which is attributed to the CC characteristic vibration of conductive carbon black, indicating that conductive carbon black has been successfully introduced into the carrier.

[0045] Verification of carrier compatibility The three carrier dispersions were mixed in a ratio of 10:12:8 and allowed to stand for 72 hours at 25℃±2℃ in the dark. The particle size distribution was then measured using a laser particle size analyzer. The results showed that the mixed carrier had a uniform particle size distribution, with particles ≥500nm accounting for approximately 0.5%~1.5%, and no significant agglomeration or sedimentation.

[0046] The leakage rate of the active ingredient was detected using high performance liquid chromatography. The leakage rate of copper rosinate embedded in the first electrical sensitive carrier is approximately 1.2% to 1.9%. The leakage rate of spirochetes-thiamethoxam encapsulated in the second electrical sensitive carrier is approximately 1.0% to 1.6%. The leakage rate of quinoline copper encapsulated in the third electrical sensitive carrier is approximately 1.1% to 1.7%. Based on the above results, all three meet the stability requirement of a drug leakage rate of ≤2%.

[0047] Carrier fracture morphology verification Three carriers were dispersed in corresponding simulated tissue fluids and incubated at 37°C with shaking for 24 hours. Samples were taken at 0 and 24 hours, and the morphology of the carriers was observed using transmission electron microscopy. The particle size distribution was measured using a laser particle size analyzer. The results are as follows: The first electrosensitive carrier: In the simulated first-generation young fruit juice, after 24 hours, the carrier changed from a complete sphere to fragments, and the particle size distribution showed a bimodal pattern, indicating that the carrier had broken down; in the simulated second and third-generation fruit juice, the carrier morphology remained intact, and the particle size distribution did not change significantly.

[0048] The second electrosensitive carrier ruptures only in the simulated second-generation fruit juice, changing its morphology from spherical to amorphous fragments.

[0049] The third electrosensitive carrier: It ruptures only in simulated three generations of mature fruit juice, and its morphology changes from an irregular sphere to fine particles.

[0050] Based on the above, the three carriers only undergo physical fracture under the corresponding electrical environment, and maintain structural integrity under non-target environments.

[0051] Targeted release selectivity validation To verify whether the rupture behavior of the three electrosensitive carriers is truly dominated by the electrical environment, rather than interfered with by other common physiological factors (such as pH), the selective rupture rate of the carriers was first tested in a medium simulating the tissue fluid of different generations of fruit. Then, the electrical parameters were fixed and only the pH value was changed to observe whether the rupture rate of the carriers changed significantly.

[0052] Selective verification of electrical environment Simulate the tissue fluid of first-generation young fruit: Prepare a buffer solution with a conductivity of 0.22 S / m and a relative permittivity of 70; Simulate second-generation fruit tissue fluid: Prepare a buffer solution with a conductivity of 0.12 S / m and a relative permittivity of 40; Simulate the tissue fluid of three generations of mature fruit: Prepare a buffer solution with a conductivity of 0.06 S / m and a relative permittivity of 20.

[0053] The three carriers were dispersed in the three simulated solutions mentioned above, and the solutions were shaken at 37°C for 24 hours. The release of the active ingredient was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2 pH effect elimination verification Keeping the conductivity and dielectric constant of the simulated liquid unchanged in the above electrical environment selectivity verification, the pH value was adjusted to 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 respectively. The three carriers were dispersed under each pH condition, and the mixture was shaken at 37°C for 24 hours. The release of the effective components was then detected.

[0055] The results showed that, under the condition of constant electrical parameters and only pH change, the rupture rate of the three carriers was ≤4.5% at each pH value, indicating that the rupture behavior of the carriers did not change significantly with pH change, and its response mechanism was indeed dominated by the electrical environment.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare a targeted compound agent, which contains at least two targeted components for different growth stages of Torreya grandis fruit, each targeting a different growth stage of Torreya grandis fruit. Step 2: Apply the pesticide prepared in Step 1 to the entire plant in a single spray, ensuring that the pesticide covers the entire Torreya grandis plant. Each of the targeted components responds to the electrical properties of the fruit at different growth stages of Torreya grandis, and undergoes selective rupture under its corresponding electrical properties to release the active ingredients.

2. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fruits of Torreya grandis at different growth stages include first-generation young fruit, second-generation medium fruit, and third-generation mature fruit; The targeting components include a first targeting component, a second targeting component, and a third targeting component; The first target component corresponds to the first-generation young fruit, the second target component corresponds to the second-generation medium fruit, and the third target component corresponds to the third-generation mature fruit.

3. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first targeting component comprises a first electrosensitive carrier and a first active ingredient, wherein the first electrosensitive carrier ruptures in response to the electrical environment of the first-generation immature fruit, releasing the first active ingredient; The second targeting component comprises a second electrosensitive carrier and a second active ingredient, wherein the second electrosensitive carrier ruptures in response to the electrical environment of the second-generation fruit, releasing the second active ingredient; The third targeting component comprises a third electrosensitive carrier and a third active ingredient. The third electrosensitive carrier ruptures in response to the electrical environment of the third-generation mature fruit, releasing the third active ingredient.

4. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical properties of the fruit are the electrical parameters of the fruit tissue, which include electrical conductivity and relative permittivity.

5. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first electrosensitive carrier comprises sodium alginate-sodium polyacrylate copolymer and conductive groups.

6. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second electrosensitive carrier comprises a chitosan-gelatin copolymer and conductive groups.

7. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third electrosensitive carrier comprises a starch-modified clay composite and conductive groups.

8. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first active ingredient is selected from one or more of copper rosinate, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole, and azoxystrobin.

9. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second active ingredient is selected from one or more of spirotetramat, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid.

10. The method for controlling pests and diseases of Torreya grandis based on growth stage adaptation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third active ingredient is selected from one or more of quinoline copper, mancozeb, chlorothalonil, and tebuconazole.

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