A method and system for beamforming chip array coupling suppression

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of array antenna control, and discloses a beamforming chip array coupling suppression method and system. The method acquires baseline array response data under a current working condition, constructs a candidate coupling path set according to packaging structure information, feed connection information and array element adjacency information, applies controlled path disturbance to a local action area corresponding to the candidate coupling path, generates path response difference results and a path response fingerprint set according to disturbed array response data and the baseline array response data, identifies effective coupling paths, path contribution amounts and action channels, generates a channel correction amount, and obtains a target beamforming control state through conflict resolution, channel merging and parameter application. The method can suppress the coupling relationship that actually plays a leading role under the current working condition, and improves coupling suppression accuracy, beam control consistency and working stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of array antenna control technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for suppressing coupling of beamforming chip arrays. Background Technology

[0002] Beamforming chip arrays are widely used in phased array communication, radar detection, and high-frequency sensing. These arrays typically consist of multiple channels, a feeding structure, a packaging structure, and array elements. Each channel achieves target beam formation and pointing adjustment through phase control and amplitude control. In actual operation, in addition to the ideal excitation relationship, the array is also affected by parasitic coupling from the packaging, coupling from the feeding connection, and electromagnetic coupling between adjacent array elements. This causes a deviation between the actual output state of each channel and the expected control state, which in turn affects the beam direction, sidelobe level, and array response consistency.

[0003] In existing technologies, the coupling effects in beamforming chip arrays are typically addressed by methods such as unified correction after overall array response measurement, channel-level amplitude and phase calibration, mutual coupling matrix compensation, or compensation by fixed grouping. These methods mostly use the overall response results, static mutual coupling relationships, or predetermined grouping relationships as the basis for compensation, and then apply the compensation results uniformly to the control parameters of each channel. When the array structure is relatively simple and the operating state is relatively simple, the above processing methods can play a certain role in correcting some coupling effects.

[0004] However, in practical applications, when different operating frequency bands, target beam directions, power allocation methods, and channel control states change, the coupling relationships that truly play a major role in the array response are not fixed but change with the current operating conditions. Especially when the packaging structure, power supply connection structure, and array element adjacency relationships work together, the same channel may be affected by multiple coupling relationships simultaneously. The position, intensity, and mode of action of different coupling relationships on the channel response and array directional response also differ. Existing methods based on total array correction, static mutual coupling models, or fixed group compensation are difficult to distinguish between the dominant and non-dominant coupling relationships that actually cause response deviations under the current operating conditions, and it is also difficult to further determine the actual affected channel corresponding to the dominant coupling relationship.

[0005] For example, in the case of partial array operation, the response deviation in a certain target beam direction may be mainly caused by a few local structural coupling relationships. However, existing methods still uniformly correct all associated channels according to the overall array. Although this changes the control parameters of some channels, it may introduce additional disturbances to channels that were not significantly affected in the first place because the compensation action is not accurately applied to the dominant coupling relationship that actually caused the deviation and its affected channels. This leads to unstable compensation results and decreased beam control consistency.

[0006] Therefore, the existing technology has the following problems: when the current operating conditions change, it is difficult to accurately distinguish the coupling relationship that actually plays a dominant role in the array response deviation, and it is difficult to further determine the affected channel corresponding to the dominant coupling relationship. This leads to a lack of targeted adjustment of subsequent channel control parameters, which in turn affects the accuracy of beamforming chip array coupling suppression and the stability of beam control. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, which struggle to accurately determine the dominant coupling relationships and corresponding affected channels when current operating conditions change, leading to a lack of targeted adjustments to subsequent channel control parameters and consequently impacting coupling suppression accuracy and beam control stability, this application provides the following technical solution: In the first aspect, this application discloses a beamforming chip array coupling suppression method, comprising: Acquire baseline array response data of the beamforming chip array under the current operating conditions; A set of candidate coupling paths is constructed based on the encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information; Controlled path perturbations are applied to the local action regions corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to a preset perturbation order, and the perturbation array response data is obtained. The perturbation array response data is compared with the baseline array response data to obtain the path response difference results and generate a path response fingerprint set. Based on the path response fingerprint set and the preset path feature mapping relationship, the effective coupling paths under the current working condition and the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path are determined; Based on the path contribution of each effective coupling path, channel correction values ​​are generated for the channel control parameters of each active channel. The correction values ​​for each channel are subjected to conflict resolution and channel merging to obtain the target beamforming control parameters. The target beamforming control parameters are written into the beamforming chip array.

[0008] Secondly, this application discloses a beamforming chip array coupling suppression system, comprising: The baseline response acquisition module is used to acquire the baseline array response data of the beamforming chip array under the current operating conditions; The path construction module is used to construct a set of candidate coupling paths based on the encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information; The disturbance response acquisition module is used to apply controlled path disturbances to the local action areas corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to a preset disturbance order, and to acquire disturbance array response data. The differential fingerprint generation module is used to compare the perturbation array response data with the baseline array response data to obtain the path response differential result and generate a path response fingerprint set. The effective path identification module is used to determine the effective coupling paths under the current working condition and the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path based on the path response fingerprint set and the preset path feature mapping relationship. The channel correction generation module is used to generate channel correction values ​​for the channel control parameters corresponding to each active channel based on the path contribution value corresponding to each effective coupling path. The control parameter merging module is used to resolve conflicts and merge channels for each channel correction to obtain the target beamforming control parameters. The parameter application module is used to write the target beamforming control parameters into the beamforming chip array.

[0009] Compared with related technologies, this application has the following advantages: This application acquires baseline array response data under current operating conditions and constructs a candidate coupling path set by combining encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information. This allows the basis of coupling analysis to move beyond the total array response or fixed grouping relationships and instead correspond to the actual structural and transmission relationships under current operating conditions, thus providing a more targeted analytical basis for subsequent coupling suppression.

[0010] This application applies controlled path perturbations to the local action areas corresponding to candidate coupling paths according to a preset perturbation order, and compares the perturbation array response data with the baseline array response data to obtain path response difference results and generate a path response fingerprint set. This enables the establishment of a correspondence between array response changes and specific coupling relationships, thereby realizing the identification of the actual coupling relationships in effect under the current working conditions. Compared with the method of directly performing unified compensation based solely on the overall response, this application can reduce the interference of non-dominant coupling relationships on compensation judgment and improve the pertinence of coupling suppression.

[0011] After identifying the effective coupling paths, this application further determines the path contribution and the action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path, and generates a channel correction amount for the channel control parameters corresponding to the action channel based on the path contribution amount, so that the compensation action can correspond to the actual affected channel; thereby, it can reduce the indiscriminate correction of channels that are not significantly affected, and improve the directionality and control accuracy of the channel correction.

[0012] This application also performs conflict resolution and channel merging processing on the correction values ​​of each channel. When multiple effective coupling paths act on the same channel at the same time, it can first process the directional conflict and correction amplitude conflict in a unified manner, and then form the target beamforming control parameters. As a result, it can reduce the situation of mutual cancellation or mutual amplification between multi-source corrections and improve the consistency and stability of the control parameter update results.

[0013] This application ultimately applies the target beamforming control parameters to the beamforming chip array, enabling the coupling suppression process to form a continuous processing method: current operating condition response acquisition - actual coupling relationship identification - affected channel determination - channel correction generation - conflict resolution and merging - control parameter application. This transforms the existing coarse-grained compensation method for the entire array into a targeted suppression processing method oriented towards the dominant coupling relationship under the current operating condition, thereby improving the accuracy of coupling suppression, the consistency of beam control, and the stability of the array's operating state. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a beamforming chip array coupling suppression method provided in this application; Figure 2 Flowchart for generating perturbation array response data and path response fingerprint set provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a beamforming chip array coupling suppression system module provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Example 1

[0016] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for suppressing coupling in a beamforming chip array, including the following steps: In some implementations, the detailed steps of acquiring baseline array response data of the beamforming chip array under current operating conditions include: Step S101: Determine the current operating condition information; acquire the operating mode, operating frequency band, target beam direction, initial control parameters of each channel, and power allocation results corresponding to the current task to be executed, forming the current operating condition information; wherein, the operating mode is used to distinguish between target beam transmission processing and target beam reception processing; the operating frequency band is used to limit the frequency range corresponding to the response acquisition; the target beam direction is used to limit the directional response acquisition range; the initial control parameters of each channel are used to characterize the initial amplitude state and initial phase state of each channel under the current operating condition; and the power allocation results are used to characterize the excitation strength relationship of each channel under the current operating condition. After the current operating condition information is formed, it serves as the control basis for baseline array response data acquisition.

[0017] Step S102: Establish a baseline acquisition state. Based on the current operating condition information, the beamforming chip array enters a stable operating state consistent with the current operating condition, and maintains the operating frequency band, target beam direction, initial control parameters of each channel, and power allocation results unchanged within a preset holding period. The preset holding period is set to at least cover the time required for the array response to reach a stable state and the time required for response acquisition. By establishing a baseline acquisition state, the subsequently obtained response results can reflect the natural response state when no controlled path disturbance is applied.

[0018] Step S103: Acquire channel response results; Under baseline acquisition state, acquire the amplitude response results and phase response results corresponding to each channel; For the target beam transmission processing scenario, acquire the amplitude response results and phase response results corresponding to the output signal of each channel; For the target beam reception processing scenario, acquire the amplitude response results and phase response results corresponding to the reference incident signal of each channel; To reduce the influence of random fluctuations, statistically process the response results obtained by the same channel in multiple consecutive sampling periods to obtain the channel response results corresponding to each channel.

[0019] Step S104: Acquire array directional response results; while keeping the baseline acquisition state formed in step S102 unchanged, acquire the array directional response in the observation angular domain corresponding to the target beam direction; the array directional response can be acquired by near-field measurement followed by conversion or by far-field direct measurement; the array directional response results are used to characterize the response distribution of the array in the spatial direction under the current operating conditions.

[0020] Step S105: Generate baseline array response data; The channel response results obtained in step S103 and the array direction response results obtained in step S104 are matched and collected according to the current operating conditions to generate baseline array response data; The baseline array response data includes at least the response status of each channel and the array direction response status under the current operating conditions, and is used as the comparison benchmark for the disturbance array response data in subsequent steps.

[0021] In some implementations, the detailed steps for constructing a candidate coupling path set based on encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information include: Step S201: Obtain package structure information; obtain the package layout information corresponding to the beamforming chip array, the transition connection position between the chip and the package, the distribution of ground conductors, the distribution of shielding structure, the distribution of conductive connections inside the package, and the correspondence between the output position of each channel and the position of the array element to form package structure information; the package structure information is used to characterize the location and transmission relationship of areas where parasitic coupling propagation may occur inside the package.

[0022] Step S201: Obtain package structure information; obtain the package layout information corresponding to the beamforming chip array, the transition connection positions between the chip and the package, the distribution of ground conductors, the distribution of shielding structures, the distribution of conductive connections within the package, and the correspondence between the output positions of each channel and the positions of the array elements, forming package structure information; wherein, the package layout information is the positional arrangement of the chip, package conductive structure, grounding structure, shielding structure, and external connection structure in the package; the package transition position is the connection position where signal transmission and conversion occur between the chip, package conductive structure, and external feeding structure; the distribution of conductive connections within the package is the distribution position and interconnection relationship of each conductive connection structure inside the package. The package structure information is used to characterize the location and connectivity of regions within the package that may form coupling effects.

[0023] Step S202: Obtain feed connection information; obtain the connection relationship between each channel and the feed network, the feed branch position, the feed confluence position, the feed transition position, and the feed arrival relationship from each channel to each array element, forming feed connection information; wherein, the feed connection position is the connection position that forms the feed transmission relationship between each channel, feed branch, and array element; the feed arrival relationship is the arrival correspondence when each channel transmits excitation to the corresponding array element through the feed structure. The feed connection information is used to characterize the connection basis for the coupling effect formed between different channels through the feed structure.

[0024] Step S203: Obtain array element adjacency information; based on the arrangement position of each array element in the array surface, the center-to-center distance of the array elements, the orientation of the array elements, and the relative position of the boundaries, determine the adjacency relationship between the array elements to form array element adjacency information. Array element adjacency information is used to characterize the possible range of coupling propagation between array elements through spatial proximity; the method for determining the adjacency relationship of array elements is as follows: array elements that are close to each other, have opposite radiation boundaries, or are located in the same local array surface area are all included in the adjacency relationship judgment range.

[0025] Step S204: Generate candidate coupling paths. Physical continuity refers to the correspondence between two locations that have a continuous physical path connecting them within the packaging structure, power supply structure, or conductive structure. Electrical connection refers to the correspondence between two locations that form a signal transmission path through a conductive structure. Using the output positions of each channel, packaging transition positions, power supply connection positions, and array element positions as path extension positions, and physical continuity, electrical connection, and array element adjacency as the basis for path extension, the path extends segment by segment from each channel output position along the connection relationship until it reaches the corresponding power supply connection position or array element position of another channel. Each connected path is determined as a candidate coupling path. Each candidate coupling path corresponds to a starting position, a traversed area, and a destination position. The retention rules for candidate coupling paths are: priority is given to retaining candidate coupling paths that pass through shared packaging areas, shared power supply areas, adjacent array element areas, or intersections of multiple types of areas; candidate coupling paths whose path length exceeds a preset range, whose corresponding areas have low overlap, or do not correspond to the array physical structure are deleted.

[0026] Step S205: Determine the local action area; for each candidate coupling path, divide the area traversed by the candidate coupling path into multiple candidate local regions according to the structural boundaries, the structural boundaries including the encapsulation structure boundary, the power supply connection boundary, and the array element adjacency boundary; wherein, along the extension direction of the candidate coupling path, regions with the same structural type and continuous connection relationship are merged into the same candidate local region, and the locations where the structural type changes, the locations where the connection relationship branches or merges, and the locations where the array element adjacency relationship changes are used as the boundary locations between candidate local regions.

[0027] For each candidate local region, the concentration of path effects and the applicability of perturbation are determined. The concentration of path effects is used to characterize whether the candidate local region is the main action location in the candidate coupled path, and the applicability of perturbation is used to characterize whether the candidate local region has the conditions for applying controlled path perturbation.

[0028] The criteria for determining the concentration of path effects include: whether the candidate local region is located in the region adjacent to the encapsulation transition position, the region adjacent to the power supply connection position, the region adjacent to the array element, the path transition region, or the region shared by multiple candidate coupling paths; when the candidate local region is located in at least one of the above regions, it is determined that the candidate local region has the concentration of path effects.

[0029] The criteria for determining the perturbation applicability include: whether the candidate local region corresponds to a switchable terminal connection position, an adjustable impedance connection position, a switchable ground connection position, a reference excitation access position, or a local coupling switch position; when the candidate local region corresponds to at least one of the above positions, it is determined that the candidate local region has perturbation applicability.

[0030] Candidate local regions that simultaneously possess both path-dependent concentration and perturbation-applicability are identified as local action regions associated with the corresponding candidate coupled paths.

[0031] Step S206: Generate a set of candidate coupling paths; assign path numbers to each candidate coupling path in the order in which they were generated in step S204; for each candidate coupling path, read the starting position, the area it passes through, and the destination position, and read the local action area associated with the candidate coupling path determined in step S205; when the same candidate coupling path corresponds to multiple local action areas, arrange the multiple local action areas in the order along the extension direction of the candidate coupling path, and form a path aggregation result together with the candidate coupling path; then sort all the path aggregation results according to the path number to generate a set of candidate coupling paths; each path aggregation result in the set of candidate coupling paths corresponds to a candidate coupling path and the local action area associated with the candidate coupling path, and serves as the input for the subsequent generation of the preset disturbance order and the application of controlled path disturbances.

[0032] In some implementations, the steps of applying controlled path perturbations to the local action regions corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to a preset perturbation order and obtaining perturbation array response data include: See Figure 2 As shown, in step S301, a preset perturbation order is generated; based on the distribution relationship of the local action area corresponding to each candidate coupling path in the candidate coupling path set, whether the local action areas overlap, and whether the candidate coupling path passes through the same package shared area, power supply shared area, or array element adjacent area, the perturbation order corresponding to each candidate coupling path is determined; among them, controlled path perturbation is applied first to candidate coupling paths whose local action areas do not overlap and do not pass through the same area, and then controlled path perturbation is applied to candidate coupling paths whose local action areas overlap or pass through the same area, so as to reduce the influence of the previous round of perturbation on the result of the next round of perturbation.

[0033] Step S302: Determine the controlled path disturbance; for the local action area corresponding to the current candidate coupling path to be processed, under the condition that the operating frequency band, target beam direction, initial control parameters of each channel and power allocation results remain unchanged, switch at least one of the following states corresponding to the current local action area: terminal connection state, equivalent impedance state, ground connection state, reference excitation access state or coupling switch conduction state, to form a controlled path disturbance; wherein, the terminal connection state is used to characterize the access state of the corresponding connection end of the local action area, the equivalent impedance state is used to characterize the impedance adjustment state of the corresponding local action area, the ground connection state is used to characterize the ground on / off state of the corresponding local action area, the reference excitation access state is used to characterize the reference signal access state of the corresponding local action area, and the coupling switch conduction state is used to characterize the on / off state of the coupling control switch of the corresponding local action area.

[0034] Step S303: Apply controlled path perturbation and maintain the perturbation state; apply the controlled path perturbation determined in step S302 to the local action area corresponding to the current candidate coupling path to be processed, and maintain the current perturbation state for a preset perturbation maintenance period; the preset perturbation maintenance period is set by at least covering the time for the local action area state change to be transmitted to the array response level and the time required for response acquisition, so that the subsequent obtained response results can reflect the array response change of the current candidate coupling path after the local state change.

[0035] Step S304: Acquire the disturbance array response data; During the disturbance holding period in step S303, according to the response acquisition caliber under the current operating conditions, acquire the channel response result and array direction response result corresponding to the current candidate coupling path, and average the response results obtained in multiple consecutive sampling periods to form the disturbance array response data corresponding to the current candidate coupling path; The disturbance array response data and the baseline array response data are acquired using the same operating frequency band, the same target beam direction, and the same acquisition method.

[0036] Step S305: Remove the controlled path disturbance and restore the baseline acquisition state; After completing step S304, remove the controlled path disturbance corresponding to the current candidate coupling path, so that the terminal connection state, equivalent impedance state, ground connection state, reference excitation access state or coupling switch conduction state corresponding to the current local action area are restored to the state before the disturbance, and maintain the preset recovery period after restoration to reduce the impact of the current round disturbance on the next round disturbance result.

[0037] Step S306: Generate perturbation array response data; according to the preset perturbation order determined in step S301, repeat steps S302 to S305 until each candidate coupling path in the candidate coupling path set has completed one controlled path perturbation and response acquisition, and obtain perturbation array response data corresponding to each candidate coupling path; the perturbation array response data corresponding to each candidate coupling path is used as input for subsequent path response difference result calculation.

[0038] In some implementations, the steps of comparing the perturbed array response data with the baseline array response data to obtain path response differential results and generating a path response fingerprint set include: See Figure 2 As shown, in step S401, the response correspondence processing is performed; the disturbance array response data corresponding to each candidate coupling path is matched one-to-one with the baseline array response data obtained in step S105 according to the current operating condition information, so that the channel response results obtained under the same operating frequency band, the same target beam direction and the same acquisition conditions are comparable with the array direction response results, forming a response correspondence relationship that corresponds one-to-one with each candidate coupling path.

[0039] Step S402: Calculate the channel-side path response differential results. For each candidate coupling path, based on the response correspondence corresponding to the candidate coupling path, read the complex response values ​​of each channel in the perturbation array response data and the complex response values ​​of each channel in the baseline array response data. Calculate the amplitude and phase values ​​of each channel's complex response value. Perform difference or ratio processing on the perturbation amplitude value corresponding to the same channel and the baseline amplitude value to obtain the amplitude change of that channel. Perform phase difference processing on the perturbation phase value corresponding to the same channel and the baseline phase value to obtain the phase change of that channel. Then, aggregate the amplitude and phase changes corresponding to each channel according to the candidate coupling paths to form the channel-side path response differential results. The channel-side path response differential results are used to characterize the degree of influence of the current candidate coupling path on the response state of each channel and serve as input for subsequent path response feature extraction.

[0040] Step S403: Calculate the differential results of the directional path response.

[0041] For each candidate coupling path, based on the response correspondence corresponding to that candidate coupling path, the array direction response results in the perturbation array response data and the array direction response results in the baseline array response data are read and aligned according to the same observation angle order. Within a preset main lobe angle domain adjacent to the target beam direction, the maximum response positions of the perturbation array response results and the baseline array response results are determined respectively. The difference between their corresponding observation angles is determined as the main lobe direction change, and the difference between their corresponding maximum response values ​​is determined as the main lobe amplitude change. In observation angle domains other than the preset main lobe angle domain, the response difference corresponding to each observation angle is calculated, and the response difference is... The range of observation angles exceeding a preset sidelobe change threshold is defined as the range of sidelobe region response changes. The maximum or average response difference within this range is defined as the sidelobe region response change. Within the entire observation angular domain, observation angle segments with response differences exceeding a preset local change threshold and continuously distributed are selected. Each observation angular segment is defined as a local angular domain, and the maximum or average response difference within each local angular domain is defined as the local angular domain response change. The main lobe direction change, main lobe amplitude change, sidelobe region response change, and local angular domain response change are then aggregated according to candidate coupling paths to form the directional path response difference results. These directional path response difference results characterize the influence of the current candidate coupling path on the array's spatial directional response and serve as input for subsequent path response feature extraction.

[0042] Step S404: Generate path response difference results; for each candidate coupling path, read the channel-side path response difference results obtained in step S402 and the direction-side path response difference results obtained in step S403, merge them according to the correspondence of the same candidate coupling path, and obtain the path response difference results corresponding to the candidate coupling path; repeat the above process for all candidate coupling paths to obtain path response difference results corresponding to each candidate coupling path; each path response difference result is used to characterize the channel response change and array direction response change caused by the corresponding candidate coupling path after the application of controlled path perturbation, and is used as input for path response feature extraction.

[0043] Step S405: Extract path response features; for each candidate coupling path, read the path response difference results corresponding to the candidate coupling path, and determine the channel amplitude change, channel phase change, main lobe direction change, main lobe amplitude change, side lobe region response change, and local angular domain response change respectively; wherein, when the channel amplitude change is higher than the preset amplitude change judgment threshold, the amplitude change result of the corresponding channel is retained as the channel amplitude change feature; when the channel phase change is higher than the preset phase change judgment threshold, the phase change result of the corresponding channel is retained as the channel phase change feature; when the main lobe direction change... When the magnitude exceeds the preset directional offset judgment threshold, the corresponding change result is retained as the main lobe directional change feature; when the magnitude of the main lobe amplitude change, the magnitude of the side lobe region response change, or the magnitude of the local angular domain response change exceeds the corresponding preset directional response change judgment threshold, the corresponding change result is retained as the directional response change feature; the change result below the corresponding judgment threshold is judged as insufficient to characterize the effect of the current candidate coupling path and is removed; the method for setting each preset judgment threshold is: used to distinguish between stable response changes and random measurement fluctuations caused by candidate coupling paths; after the path response features are extracted, they are used as input for generating path response fingerprints.

[0044] In some implementations, to illustrate the formation process of the path response differential results and path response characteristics, for example, for a candidate coupled path, the baseline response results for three channels are obtained under the current operating condition as follows: the baseline amplitude value of the first channel is 1.00, and the baseline phase value is 12 degrees; the baseline amplitude value of the second channel is 0.92, and the baseline phase value is 18 degrees; the baseline amplitude value of the third channel is 0.88, and the baseline phase value is 25 degrees. After applying a controlled path perturbation to the local action area corresponding to the candidate coupled path, three... The disturbance response results for the corresponding channels are as follows: the disturbance amplitude value of the first channel is 0.95 and the disturbance phase value is 15 degrees; the disturbance amplitude value of the second channel is 0.89 and the disturbance phase value is 26 degrees; and the disturbance amplitude value of the third channel is 0.87 and the disturbance phase value is 27 degrees. According to the processing method in step S402, the amplitude change of the first channel is 0.05 and the phase change is 3 degrees; the amplitude change of the second channel is 0.03 and the phase change is 8 degrees; and the amplitude change of the third channel is 0.01 and the phase change is 2 degrees.

[0045] Furthermore, in the observation angular domain corresponding to the target beam direction, the maximum main lobe response position of the baseline array directional response result is 20 degrees, and the maximum main lobe response position of the perturbation array directional response result is 21 degrees, so the main lobe directional change is 1 degree; the response value of the baseline array directional response result at the maximum main lobe response position is 12.4 dB, and the response value of the perturbation array directional response result at the corresponding maximum response position is 11.8 dB, so the main lobe amplitude change is 0.6 dB; in the sidelobe observation angular domain, the response difference from 36 degrees to 42 degrees is consistently higher than the sidelobe change judgment condition, and the corresponding sidelobe region response change is taken as 1.2 dB; in the local angular domain, the response difference from 52 degrees to 55 degrees is consistently higher than the local change judgment condition, and the corresponding local angular domain response change is taken as 0.9 dB. Thus, the path response difference result corresponding to this candidate coupling path can be formed.

[0046] This example illustrates that when judging the path response differential results, results with small changes and close to random measurement fluctuations can be disregarded, while results with stable change direction and significant change amplitude are retained. For example, in the above example, the amplitude and phase changes of the first and second channels are retained as channel response change features, while the amplitude change of the third channel is small and can be excluded from retention as the main channel amplitude change feature. At the same time, the main lobe direction change, main lobe amplitude change, side lobe region response change, and local angular domain response change are retained as direction response change features and used as input for subsequent path response fingerprint generation.

[0047] Step S406: Generate path response fingerprint; for each candidate coupling path, read the path response features corresponding to the candidate coupling path, and combine them according to a preset feature combination order to generate the path response fingerprint corresponding to the candidate coupling path; wherein, the preset feature combination order includes: first arranging the amplitude change features and phase change features of each channel according to the channel number order, and then arranging the main lobe direction change features, main lobe amplitude change features, side lobe region change features, and local angular domain change features according to the observation angle order; before combination, the path response features can also be normalized to make the change features of different dimensions on a unified comparison scale; after the path response fingerprint is formed, it is used to characterize the stable response change mode caused by the corresponding candidate coupling path under the current operating conditions.

[0048] Step S407: Generate a path response fingerprint set; collect the path response fingerprints corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to the order of the candidate coupling paths in the candidate coupling path set to generate a path response fingerprint set; each path response fingerprint in the path response fingerprint set corresponds to a candidate coupling path and serves as the input for subsequent determination of the effective coupling path, path contribution, and action channel based on the preset path feature mapping relationship.

[0049] In some implementations, based on the path response fingerprint set and a preset path feature mapping relationship, the effective coupling paths under the current operating condition, as well as the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path, are determined. The purpose is to identify the coupling paths that actually function under the current operating condition from the candidate coupling paths, and to determine the combined influence of each effective coupling path on the channel response and array direction response, as well as the corresponding influence channel, for use in subsequent generation of channel correction values. The implementation steps include: Step S501: Obtain the preset path feature mapping relationship; the preset path feature mapping relationship is the pre-established correspondence between candidate coupling paths and standard path response fingerprints and influence channel ranges, and its setting method includes: First, based on the operating frequency band range, beamforming direction range, and adjustable power allocation range of the beamforming chip array, select multiple reference operating conditions covering the main operating states. Each reference operating condition includes at least the reference operating frequency band, reference beam direction, and reference power allocation results. For each reference condition, following the methods corresponding to steps S101 to S407, the baseline array response data, perturbation array response data, path response differential results, and path response fingerprints of each candidate coupling path under the corresponding reference condition are obtained. Then, the path response fingerprints obtained for the same candidate coupling path under multiple reference conditions are compared. The channel amplitude change features and channel phase change features of the corresponding channel number under each reference condition are aligned channel by channel. The main lobe direction change features, main lobe amplitude change features, side lobe region change features, and local angular region change features in the corresponding observation angular domain under each reference condition are aligned angularly. The number of times the change direction of the same type of feature is consistent and the average change amplitude are counted. When the number of times the change direction of a certain type of feature is consistent reaches the preset consistency judgment condition, and the average change amplitude is higher than the preset stability judgment threshold, the corresponding feature is retained. When the number of times the change direction of a certain type of feature is consistent does not reach the preset consistency judgment condition, or the average change amplitude is not higher than the preset stability judgment threshold, the corresponding feature is removed. After retention and removal processing, the standard path response fingerprint of the corresponding candidate coupling path is obtained. Then, the amplitude and phase changes of the same candidate coupling path under multiple reference conditions are statistically analyzed, and the occurrence ratio of each channel that meets the amplitude change judgment condition and the occurrence ratio of each channel that meets the phase change judgment condition are calculated respectively. When the occurrence ratio of a certain channel that meets the amplitude change judgment condition is higher than the preset repetition ratio, or the occurrence ratio of the phase change judgment condition is higher than the preset repetition ratio, the corresponding channel is included in the range of affected channels corresponding to the candidate coupling path. Finally, each candidate coupling path is mapped to the corresponding standard path response fingerprint and the corresponding influence channel range to form a preset path feature mapping relationship. After the preset path feature mapping relationship is formed, it serves as the basis for subsequent identification of effective coupling paths, determination of influence channels, and calculation of path contribution.

[0050] Step S502: Identify valid coupling paths; for each candidate coupling path, read the corresponding path response fingerprint in the path response fingerprint set, and read the standard path response fingerprint corresponding to the candidate coupling path in the preset path feature mapping relationship; match the amplitude change features of each channel in the path response fingerprint with the amplitude change features of each channel in the standard path response fingerprint according to the channel number, calculate the absolute value of the amplitude difference of each corresponding channel, sum the absolute values ​​of the amplitude differences of all corresponding channels, divide the sum by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude change features of all standard channels to obtain the amplitude deviation ratio, and subtract the amplitude deviation ratio to obtain the channel amplitude feature matching result.

[0051] The phase change features of each channel in the path response fingerprint are matched one-to-one with the phase change features of each channel in the standard path response fingerprint according to the channel number. The absolute value of the phase difference of each corresponding channel is calculated. When the absolute value of a certain phase difference is greater than half a phase period, the absolute value of the phase difference after rotation is obtained by subtracting the absolute value of the phase difference from one phase period. Then, the absolute values ​​of the phase differences of all corresponding channels are summed, and the sum is divided by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the phase change features of all standard channels to obtain the phase deviation ratio. The channel phase feature matching result is obtained by subtracting the phase deviation ratio from one.

[0052] The main lobe orientation change features in the path response fingerprint are compared with those in the standard path response fingerprint. The absolute value of the orientation difference between the two is calculated, and the absolute value of the orientation difference is divided by the preset maximum allowable orientation offset to obtain the orientation deviation ratio. The main lobe orientation feature matching result is obtained by subtracting the orientation deviation ratio from one.

[0053] The main lobe amplitude variation features, side lobe region variation features, and local angular domain variation features in the path response fingerprint are compared with the corresponding features in the standard path response fingerprint, and the absolute values ​​of the main lobe amplitude difference, side lobe region variation difference, and local angular domain variation difference are calculated respectively.

[0054] The method for setting the main lobe amplitude weight, side lobe region weight, and local angular domain weight includes: firstly, statistically analyzing the impact of changes in main lobe amplitude, side lobe region, and local angular domain on the degree of target beam quality degradation under reference conditions; then, normalizing the three impact results so that the sum of the three weights is one, with the larger the impact result, the larger the corresponding weight.

[0055] Next, the absolute values ​​of the main lobe amplitude difference, the side lobe region change difference, and the local angular domain change difference are multiplied by their respective weights and summed to obtain the directional response weighted difference. Then, the directional response weighted difference is divided by the weighted sum of the standard corresponding features to obtain the directional response deviation ratio. Subtracting the directional response deviation ratio from one yields the directional response feature matching result. Finally, the channel amplitude feature matching result, channel phase feature matching result, main lobe directional feature matching result, and directional response feature matching result are weighted and combined according to the preset matching combination rules to obtain the comprehensive matching result of the corresponding candidate coupling path. The method for setting the preset matching combination rules includes: under reference working conditions, statistically analyzing the impact of channel amplitude change, channel phase change, main lobe direction change, and direction response change on the accuracy of candidate coupling path recognition; then normalizing the corresponding impact results to obtain amplitude matching weight, phase matching weight, main lobe direction matching weight, and direction response matching weight, so that the sum of the four weights is one; then, multiplying the four matching results by their corresponding weights and summing them to obtain the comprehensive matching result. When the overall matching result is higher than the preset path identification threshold, the corresponding candidate coupling path is determined as the effective coupling path under the current working condition; after the effective coupling path is determined, it is used as the input for subsequent determination of the action channel and calculation of the path contribution.

[0056] Step S503: Determine the effective channel; for each effective coupling path, read the path response differential result corresponding to the effective coupling path, and read the range of the influence channel corresponding to the effective coupling path in the preset path feature mapping relationship; within the range of influence channels, read the amplitude change and phase change corresponding to each channel respectively, and divide the absolute value of the amplitude change corresponding to each channel by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude changes corresponding to all influence channels of the effective coupling path to obtain the amplitude ratio corresponding to each channel; divide the absolute value of the phase change corresponding to each channel by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the phase changes corresponding to all influence channels of the effective coupling path to obtain the phase ratio corresponding to each channel.

[0057] Then, according to the preset channel determination combination rules, the amplitude ratio and phase ratio of the corresponding channel are weighted and combined to obtain the channel action value of the corresponding channel. The method for setting the preset channel determination combination rules includes: under the reference working condition, respectively statistically analyzing the impact of the channel amplitude change ratio and the channel phase change ratio on the control deviation of the corresponding channel; when the channel amplitude change has a greater impact on the control deviation, the weight of the amplitude ratio is increased; when the channel phase change has a greater impact on the control deviation, the weight of the phase ratio is increased; then the two weights are normalized so that the sum of the two weights is one; then, the amplitude ratio is multiplied by the corresponding weight, the phase ratio is multiplied by the corresponding weight, and the two products are summed to obtain the channel action value.

[0058] When the channel effect value corresponding to a certain channel is higher than the preset channel effect judgment threshold, the corresponding channel is determined as the effect channel corresponding to the effective coupling path; when the channel effect value corresponding to a certain channel is not higher than the preset channel effect judgment threshold, the corresponding channel is not included in the effect channels corresponding to the effective coupling path. After the effect channel is determined, it will be used as the target for subsequent generation of channel correction values.

[0059] Step S504: Calculate the path contribution. For each effective coupling path, read the corresponding action channel, the channel action value of each action channel, the change in main lobe direction, the change in main lobe amplitude, the change in side lobe region response, and the change in local angular domain response. First, sum the channel action values ​​corresponding to all action channels, and then divide the sum by the number of corresponding action channels to obtain the average channel influence value corresponding to the effective coupling path, which is used as the channel-side influence result.

[0060] The change in main lobe direction is then divided by a preset direction normalization reference, the absolute value of the change in main lobe amplitude is divided by a preset main lobe amplitude normalization reference, the absolute value of the change in side lobe region response is divided by a preset side lobe normalization reference, and the absolute value of the change in local angular domain response is divided by a preset local angular domain normalization reference, thus obtaining the normalization results for each item on the direction side. The method for setting the weights of main lobe direction, main lobe amplitude, side lobe region, and local angular domain includes: statistically analyzing the impact of changes in main lobe direction, main lobe amplitude, side lobe region response, and local angular domain response on the target beam quality degradation under reference conditions; then normalizing the four impact results so that the sum of the four weights is one, with a larger impact result corresponding to a larger weight; subsequently, the normalization results for each item on the direction side are weighted and summed according to the weights of main lobe direction, main lobe amplitude, side lobe region, and local angular domain to obtain the direction side impact results.

[0061] Finally, the channel-side influence results and directional-side influence results are weighted and combined according to the preset contribution combination rules to obtain the path contribution amount corresponding to the effective coupling path. The method for setting the preset contribution combination rules includes: statistically analyzing the influence results of channel control deviation on beamforming results and array directional response deviation on beamforming results under the reference operating condition; increasing the channel-side weight when the current operating condition has higher requirements for channel consistency; increasing the directional-side weight when the current operating condition has higher requirements for pattern stability; then normalizing the channel-side weight and directional-side weight so that their sum is one; then multiplying the channel-side influence result by the channel-side weight, multiplying the directional-side influence result by the directional-side weight, and summing the two products to obtain the path contribution amount; after the path contribution amount is formed, it is used to generate the channel correction amount corresponding to each active channel.

[0062] In some implementations, to illustrate the process of determining the contribution of the action channel and path, for example, after the candidate coupling path is identified in step S502, it is determined to be an effective coupling path, and its influence channel range includes the first channel, the second channel, and the third channel. According to the processing method of step S503, the absolute values ​​of the amplitude changes corresponding to the first channel, the second channel, and the third channel are divided by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude changes corresponding to all influence channels, 0.09, to obtain the amplitude proportion of the first channel as 0.556, the amplitude proportion of the second channel as 0.333, and the amplitude proportion of the third channel as 0.111; the absolute values ​​of the phase changes corresponding to the first channel, the second channel, and the third channel are divided by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the phase changes corresponding to all influence channels, 13, to obtain the phase proportion of the first channel as 0.231, the phase proportion of the second channel as 0.615, and the phase proportion of the third channel as 0.154.

[0063] Furthermore, in this example, the statistical results of the reference operating condition indicate that the impact of phase change on channel control deviation is slightly higher than that of amplitude change. Therefore, the weight corresponding to the amplitude proportion is set to 0.4, and the weight corresponding to the phase proportion is set to 0.6. After combining these weights, the channel effect value of the first channel is 0.361, the channel effect value of the second channel is 0.502, and the channel effect value of the third channel is 0.137. Thus, in this example, the first and second channels can be identified as the effective coupling paths, while the third channel is not retained as the primary effective coupling path.

[0064] As another example, following the processing method in step S504, the sum of the channel influence values ​​of the first and second channels is divided by the number of channels involved (2) to obtain an average channel influence value of 0.432, which is taken as the channel-side influence result. Then, the main lobe direction change of 1 degree, the main lobe amplitude change of 0.6 dB, the side lobe region response change of 1.2 dB, and the local angular domain response change of 0.9 dB are normalized according to their respective normalization benchmarks, resulting in a main lobe direction normalization result of 0.5, a main lobe amplitude normalization result of 0.4, a side lobe region normalization result of 0.6, and a local angular domain normalization result of 0.6. In this example, if the main lobe direction weight is 0.35, the main lobe amplitude weight is 0.25, the side lobe region weight is 0.20, and the local angular domain weight is 0.20, then the direction-side influence result is 0.515. Subsequently, if the channel-side weight is 0.45 and the direction-side weight is 0.55, then the path contribution corresponding to this effective coupling path is 0.477. Therefore, the path contribution is not given directly, but is determined by the channel-side influence result and the direction-side influence result corresponding to the channel, and is used as the input for the subsequent generation of channel correction.

[0065] Step S505: Form effective coupling path identification results; correspond and collect each effective coupling path, the path contribution amount corresponding to each effective coupling path, and the action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path according to the path order to form the effective coupling path identification results under the current working condition; the effective coupling path identification results serve as the input for subsequent generation of channel correction amounts based on the path contribution amount.

[0066] In some implementations, channel correction values ​​are generated for the channel control parameters corresponding to each effective coupling path based on the path contribution of each effective coupling path. The purpose is to convert the impact of each effective coupling path on each effective channel into a correction result that can be directly applied to the channel control parameters for subsequent conflict resolution and channel merging processing. The implementation steps include: Step S601: Read the generation basis; read the effective coupling path identification result formed in step S505, and read the initial control parameters of each channel in step S101; the initial control parameters of each channel include at least the original amplitude control amount and the original phase control amount of each channel. The above content serves as the input object for generating channel correction amounts.

[0067] Step S602: Determine the correction direction. For each effective coupling path and each corresponding action channel, read the amplitude change, phase change, and main lobe direction change corresponding to that action channel. When the disturbance amplitude value of a certain action channel is greater than the baseline amplitude value, the amplitude correction direction of that action channel is determined as the decreasing direction. When the disturbance amplitude value of a certain action channel is less than the baseline amplitude value, the amplitude correction direction of that action channel is determined as the increasing direction. When the disturbance phase value of a certain action channel leads the baseline phase value, the phase correction direction of that action channel is determined as the lag direction. When the disturbance phase value of a certain action channel lags the baseline phase value, the phase correction direction of that action channel is determined as the leading direction. When the main lobe direction shifts to one side, the correction direction of the action channel that strengthens the shift direction is determined as the suppressing shift direction. After the correction direction is determined, it serves as the direction basis for subsequent calculation of channel correction amounts.

[0068] Step S603: Determine the channel influence coefficient; for each effective coupling path and each corresponding active channel, read the amplitude change and phase change of the active channel; divide the absolute value of the amplitude change of the active channel by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude changes of all active channels of the effective coupling path to obtain the amplitude influence ratio of the active channel; divide the absolute value of the phase change of the active channel by the sum of the absolute values ​​of the phase changes of all active channels of the effective coupling path to obtain the phase influence ratio of the active channel; wherein, the method for setting the weights corresponding to the amplitude influence ratio and the phase influence ratio includes: Under the reference operating condition, the influence of amplitude change ratio and phase change ratio on the corresponding channel control deviation is statistically analyzed, and the two influence degrees are normalized so that the sum of the two weights is one. When the influence of amplitude change ratio on channel control deviation is greater, the weight corresponding to amplitude influence ratio is increased; when the influence of phase change ratio on channel control deviation is greater, the weight corresponding to phase influence ratio is increased. Then, the amplitude influence ratio is multiplied by its corresponding weight, the phase influence ratio is multiplied by its corresponding weight, and the two products are summed to obtain the channel influence coefficient of the effective coupling path on the channel. After the channel influence coefficient is formed, it is used to calculate the channel correction amount corresponding to the channel.

[0069] Step S604: Calculate the channel correction amount; for each effective coupling path and each corresponding active channel, read the path contribution amount corresponding to the effective coupling path, the channel influence coefficient corresponding to the active channel, and the correction direction determined in step S602; wherein, the method for setting the amplitude correction coefficient and phase correction coefficient includes: under the reference operating condition, respectively statistically analyzing the degree of influence of the unit path contribution amount and the unit channel influence coefficient on the amplitude control deviation correction requirement and the degree of influence on the phase control deviation correction requirement, and converting the corresponding degree of influence into amplitude correction ratio and phase correction ratio respectively to obtain the amplitude correction coefficient and phase correction coefficient; when the current operating condition has a higher requirement for amplitude consistency, increase the amplitude correction coefficient; when the current operating condition has a higher requirement for amplitude consistency, increase the amplitude correction coefficient. When higher phase consistency is required, the phase correction coefficient is increased. Then, the path contribution is multiplied by the channel influence coefficient, and then multiplied by the amplitude correction coefficient and phase correction coefficient respectively to obtain the amplitude correction value and phase correction value corresponding to the channel. If the amplitude correction direction of the channel is decreasing, the corresponding amplitude correction value is used as a negative correction value; if the amplitude correction direction is increasing, the corresponding amplitude correction value is used as a positive correction value; if the phase correction direction is lagging, the corresponding phase correction value is used as a negative correction value; if the phase correction direction is leading, the corresponding phase correction value is used as a positive correction value. The amplitude correction value and phase correction value corresponding to each channel together constitute the channel correction amount for that channel.

[0070] Step S605: Generate channel correction results; The channel correction values ​​corresponding to each active channel of each effective coupling path are matched and collected according to the channel number to form channel correction results; The channel correction results serve as input for subsequent conflict resolution and channel merging processing.

[0071] In some implementations, to illustrate the formation process of the channel influence coefficient and channel correction amount, for example, still taking the above effective coupling path as an example, for the second channel, its amplitude change absolute value is 0.03, and its phase change absolute value is 8 degrees; the sum of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude changes of all the acting channels is 0.08, and the sum of the absolute values ​​of the phase changes of all the acting channels is 11 degrees. Then, the amplitude influence ratio corresponding to the second channel is 0.375, and the phase influence ratio is 0.727. If, in this example, the weight corresponding to the amplitude influence ratio is 0.4, and the weight corresponding to the phase influence ratio is 0.6, then the channel influence coefficient corresponding to the second channel is 0.586.

[0072] Further, if the path contribution of the effective coupling path is 0.477, and the amplitude correction direction determined in step S602 for the second channel is the increasing direction and the phase correction direction is the lag direction; in this example, the amplitude correction coefficient is 0.12 and the phase correction coefficient is 6, then the amplitude correction value corresponding to the second channel is 0.477 multiplied by 0.586 and then multiplied by 0.12, and the calculation result is approximately 0.034; the phase correction value corresponding to the second channel is 0.477 multiplied by 0.586 and then multiplied by 6, and the calculation result is approximately 1.68 degrees; since the amplitude correction direction corresponding to the second channel is the increasing direction, the amplitude correction value corresponding to the second channel is retained as a positive correction value; since the phase correction direction corresponding to the second channel is the lag direction, the phase correction value corresponding to the second channel is retained as a negative correction value, that is, the channel correction amount corresponding to the second channel is a positive amplitude correction value of 0.034 and a negative phase correction value of 1.68 degrees.

[0073] Furthermore, if the channel influence coefficient corresponding to the first channel is 0.414, then the amplitude correction value corresponding to the first channel can be obtained as approximately 0.024 and the phase correction value as approximately 1.19 degrees by the same processing method; it can be seen that the channel influence coefficient and channel correction amount formed in steps S603 and S604 are derived continuously from the path contribution amount, amplitude change amount, phase change amount and correction direction in the previous steps.

[0074] In some implementations, conflict resolution and channel merging are performed on the correction values ​​of each channel to obtain the target beamforming control parameters. The purpose is to uniformly handle the correction direction and correction amplitude conflicts that arise when multiple effective coupling paths act on the same channel simultaneously, and to merge the processed correction results into control parameters that can be directly used for target beamforming. The implementation steps include: Step S701: Merge channel correction values ​​by channel; merge the channel correction value results formed in step S605 according to the channel number, so that all amplitude correction values ​​and all phase correction values ​​corresponding to the same channel are concentrated in the same merged result; after merging, each merged result corresponds to all correction requirements of a channel and serves as the input for subsequent conflict identification and conflict resolution.

[0075] Step S702: Identify correction conflicts; for each channel's merging result, read all amplitude correction values ​​and all phase correction values ​​corresponding to that channel; when both positive and negative correction values ​​exist in the amplitude correction values, the channel is identified as having an amplitude correction conflict; when both positive and negative correction values ​​exist in the phase correction values, the channel is identified as having a phase correction conflict; when only same-direction correction values ​​exist, the channel is identified as not having a correction conflict of the corresponding type; after the correction conflict is identified, it serves as the basis for subsequent conflict resolution processing.

[0076] Step S703: Perform conflict resolution processing; for channels with correction conflicts, read the corresponding correction values, path contributions, and channel influence coefficients for each correction value; for correction values ​​with the same direction, perform a weighted summation of the product of the corresponding path contribution and the channel influence coefficient to obtain the same-direction merged correction value; wherein, the method for setting the dominant judgment threshold includes: under the reference operating condition, statistically analyzing the cases where multiple paths have reverse corrections for the same channel, calculating the ratio of the difference between the correction value corresponding to the dominant path and the correction value corresponding to the non-dominant path, and determining the value that can stably cause a change in the final control direction. The minimum difference ratio is determined as the dominant judgment threshold. Then, the two sets of same-direction merged correction values ​​in opposite directions are compared. When the difference between the two sets of same-direction merged correction values ​​is higher than the dominant judgment threshold, the correction direction with the larger value is retained, and the difference between the two sets of same-direction merged correction values ​​is used as the unified correction value for that channel. When the difference between the two sets of same-direction merged correction values ​​is not higher than the dominant judgment threshold, the difference between the two sets of same-direction merged correction values ​​is used as the unified correction value for that channel, and the correction direction with the larger value is used as the unified correction direction for that channel. After the conflict resolution process is completed, the unified amplitude correction result and the unified phase correction result for each channel are obtained.

[0077] Step S704: Perform channel merging processing; for the unified amplitude correction result and unified phase correction result of each channel, combined with the initial control parameters of each channel read in step S601, calculate the target amplitude control parameter and target phase control parameter corresponding to each channel respectively; wherein, the unified amplitude correction result of a certain channel is added to the original amplitude control value of that channel to obtain the target amplitude control parameter corresponding to that channel; the unified phase correction result of a certain channel is added to the original phase control value of that channel to obtain the target phase control parameter corresponding to that channel; wherein, the method for setting the amplitude control range includes: determining the lower boundary and upper boundary of amplitude based on the minimum and maximum output amplitude of the amplitude controller of each channel in the beamforming chip array; the phase control range The method for setting the range includes: determining the phase control range based on a complete phase cycle supported by the phase controller; then, if the target amplitude control parameter is lower than the lower amplitude boundary, the target amplitude control parameter is limited to the lower amplitude boundary; if the target amplitude control parameter is higher than the upper amplitude boundary, the target amplitude control parameter is limited to the upper amplitude boundary; if the target phase control parameter is lower than the lower boundary of the phase control range, a phase cycle is added to the target phase control parameter; if the target phase control parameter is higher than the upper boundary of the phase control range, a phase cycle is subtracted from the target phase control parameter to bring the target phase control parameter back into the phase control range; after the target amplitude control parameter and target phase control parameter corresponding to each channel are formed, they serve as the components of the target beamforming control parameters.

[0078] Step S705: Generate target beamforming control parameters; arrange the target amplitude control parameters and target phase control parameters corresponding to each channel in the order of channel number to form target beamforming control parameters; after the target beamforming control parameters are formed, they are used as inputs to be applied to the beamforming chip array and control the beamforming chip array to perform target beam transmission processing or target beam reception processing.

[0079] In some implementations, to illustrate the conflict resolution and channel merging processes, for example, regarding the fifth channel, after merging in step S701, there are two effective coupling paths acting on the fifth channel respectively; wherein, the amplitude correction value corresponding to the first effective coupling path is positive 0.034, and the corresponding phase correction value is positive 2.1 degrees; the amplitude correction value corresponding to the second effective coupling path is negative 0.021, and the corresponding phase correction value is negative 0.9 degrees. Thus, it can be identified that the fifth channel simultaneously has positive amplitude correction values ​​and negative amplitude correction values, as well as positive phase correction values ​​and negative phase correction values, therefore the fifth channel has correction conflicts; furthermore, according to the processing method of step S703, correction values ​​with the same direction are merged first. In this example, the in-direction merging correction value for the positive amplitude group is 0.034, and the in-direction merging correction value for the negative amplitude group is 0.021, so the difference between the two in-direction merging correction values ​​is 0.013; the in-direction merging correction value for the positive phase group is 2.1 degrees, and the in-direction merging correction value for the negative phase group is 0.9 degrees, so the difference between the two in-direction merging correction values ​​is 1.2 degrees. Under the dominant judgment condition corresponding to this example, if the above difference is insufficient to retain the entire correction amount of one side alone, then the difference between the two in-direction merging correction values ​​is used as the unified correction value, and the correction direction corresponding to the side with the larger value is retained. Therefore, the unified amplitude correction result for the fifth channel is 0.013 in the positive direction, and the unified phase correction result is 1.2 degrees in the positive direction.

[0080] As another example, if the original amplitude control value for the fifth channel is 0.993 and the original phase control value is 359.6 degrees, then adding the unified amplitude correction result to the original amplitude control value yields a target amplitude control parameter of 1.006; adding the unified phase correction result to the original phase control value yields a target phase control parameter of 360.8 degrees. Further considering the amplitude and phase control ranges, if the upper boundary of the amplitude is 1.00, then the target amplitude control parameter is limited to 1.00; if the phase control range is one complete phase cycle, then subtracting one phase cycle from 360.8 degrees yields 0.8 degrees, which is used as the target phase control parameter for the fifth channel. This example illustrates that when multiple paths act simultaneously on the same channel, a directly applicable target control parameter can be formed through conflict resolution and boundary processing.

[0081] In some implementations, target beamforming control parameters are applied to the beamforming chip array to bring the array into a target control state after coupling suppression, and to perform target beam transmission processing or target beam reception processing according to the target beamforming control parameters; the implementation steps include: Step S801: Read the application basis; read the target beamforming control parameters formed in step S705, and read the channel configuration correspondence and control parameter conversion relationship corresponding to the beamforming chip array; the channel configuration correspondence is used to characterize the correspondence between each channel number and the corresponding control position in the array; the method for setting the control parameter conversion relationship includes: according to the control resolution supported by the amplitude controller and phase controller in the beamforming chip array, dividing the target amplitude control parameters into corresponding amplitude control levels, dividing the target phase control parameters into corresponding phase control levels, and establishing the correspondence between amplitude control levels and amplitude control quantities, as well as the correspondence between phase control levels and phase control quantities; when the target amplitude control parameter is located between two adjacent amplitude control levels, select the amplitude control quantity corresponding to the amplitude control level with the smaller difference from the target amplitude control parameter; when the target phase control parameter is located between two adjacent phase control levels, select the phase control quantity corresponding to the phase control level with the smaller difference from the target phase control parameter; the above content serves as the basis for applying the target beamforming control parameters to the beamforming chip array.

[0082] Step S802: Generate channel control results; based on the control parameter conversion relationship, convert the target amplitude control parameters and target phase control parameters corresponding to each channel to obtain the amplitude control quantity and phase control quantity corresponding to each channel respectively; then, based on the channel configuration correspondence relationship, match the amplitude control quantity and phase control quantity corresponding to each channel with the corresponding control position in the array to form the channel control result corresponding to each channel; after the channel control result is formed, it is used as the input for subsequent parameter application processing.

[0083] Step S803: Perform parameter application processing; according to the correspondence formed in step S802, through the configuration interface supported by the beamforming chip array, the amplitude control quantity and phase control quantity corresponding to each channel are sequentially applied to the corresponding control position, and after all channel control quantities are applied, a control update is triggered, so that the amplitude control state and phase control state of each channel are updated to the control state corresponding to the target beamforming control parameters; after the parameter application processing is completed, the beamforming chip array enters the target control state after coupling suppression.

[0084] In some implementations, to illustrate the conversion process from target control parameters to actual control quantities, for example, for the second channel, the target amplitude control parameter obtained in step S704 is 0.69, and the target phase control parameter is 357.9 degrees. If the amplitude controller supports control level division with intervals of 0.01, then the two amplitude control levels adjacent to the target amplitude control parameter 0.69 are 0.68 and 0.69, respectively, and the amplitude control quantity corresponding to 0.69, which has a smaller difference from the target amplitude control parameter, is selected. If the phase controller supports control level division with intervals of 1 degree, then the two phase control levels adjacent to the target phase control parameter 357.9 degrees are 357 degrees and 358 degrees, respectively, and the phase control quantity corresponding to 358 degrees, which has a smaller difference from the target phase control parameter, is selected. Thus, the amplitude control quantity and phase control quantity corresponding to the second channel are formed.

[0085] Furthermore, for the fifth channel, the target amplitude control parameter obtained in step S704 is 1.00, and the target phase control parameter is 0.8 degrees. Following the same conversion method, the target amplitude control parameter can be converted into the amplitude control quantity corresponding to the maximum amplitude control level, and the target phase control parameter can be converted into the phase control quantity corresponding to the phase control level with a smaller difference from 0.8 degrees. Then, based on the correspondence between the channel number and the corresponding control position in the array, the amplitude control quantity and phase control quantity corresponding to each channel are applied to the corresponding control position, and after all channel control quantities are applied, a control update is triggered, causing the beamforming chip array to enter the target control state.

[0086] Step S804: Perform target beam processing; after step S803 is completed, keep the working frequency band, target beam direction and power allocation results consistent with the current operating condition information, so that the beamforming chip array performs target beam transmission processing or target beam reception processing according to the updated target control state, and obtain the target beam response after coupling suppression.

[0087] Step S805: Perform control result verification. After step S804 is completed, reacquire the channel response results and array directional response results according to the response acquisition aperture corresponding to steps S103 and S104, and compare the reacquired channel response results and array directional response results with the expected response range corresponding to the target beamforming control parameters. The method for setting the expected response range includes: determining the directional response allowable range and channel response allowable range according to the allowable main lobe offset range, allowable main lobe amplitude fluctuation range, allowable side lobe change range, allowable channel amplitude deviation range, and allowable channel phase deviation range corresponding to the target beam direction. When the reacquired channel response results and array directional response results are both within the corresponding allowable range, maintain the current target control state. When the reacquired channel response results or array directional response results exceed the corresponding allowable range, re-execute the effective coupling path identification process corresponding to step S501 to readjust the coupling suppression results under the current operating conditions. Example 2

[0088] See Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a beamforming chip array coupling suppression system. Since this system uses a beamforming chip array coupling suppression method from Embodiment 1, it also has the same effect, which will not be repeated here. The system includes: The baseline response acquisition module is used to acquire the baseline array response data of the beamforming chip array under the current operating conditions; The path construction module is used to construct a set of candidate coupling paths based on the encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information; The disturbance response acquisition module is used to apply controlled path disturbances to the local action areas corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to a preset disturbance order, and to acquire disturbance array response data. The differential fingerprint generation module is used to compare the perturbation array response data with the baseline array response data to obtain the path response differential result and generate a path response fingerprint set. The effective path identification module is used to determine the effective coupling paths under the current working condition and the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path based on the path response fingerprint set and the preset path feature mapping relationship. The channel correction generation module is used to generate channel correction values ​​for the channel control parameters corresponding to each active channel based on the path contribution value corresponding to each effective coupling path. The control parameter merging module is used to resolve conflicts and merge channels for each channel correction to obtain the target beamforming control parameters. The parameter application module is used to write the target beamforming control parameters into the beamforming chip array.

[0089] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing coupling in a beamforming chip array, characterized in that, include: Acquire baseline array response data of the beamforming chip array under the current operating conditions; A set of candidate coupling paths is constructed based on the encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information; Controlled path perturbations are applied to the local action regions corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to a preset perturbation order, and the perturbation array response data is obtained. The perturbation array response data is compared with the baseline array response data to obtain the path response difference results and generate a path response fingerprint set. Based on the path response fingerprint set and the preset path feature mapping relationship, the effective coupling paths under the current working condition and the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path are determined; Based on the path contribution of each effective coupling path, channel correction values ​​are generated for the channel control parameters of each active channel. The correction values ​​for each channel are subjected to conflict resolution and channel merging to obtain the target beamforming control parameters. The target beamforming control parameters are written into the beamforming chip array.

2. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Acquiring baseline array response data includes: Obtain the channel response results for each channel, including the amplitude response results and phase response results for each channel; Obtain the array directional response results in the observation angular domain corresponding to the target beam direction; match and aggregate the channel response results and array directional response results to generate baseline array response data.

3. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Constructing a candidate coupling path set includes: Obtain the correspondence between the output position of each channel and the position of the array element in the encapsulation structure information; obtain the connection relationship between each channel and the feed network in the feed connection information; obtain the feed arrival relationship from each channel to each array element; obtain the correspondence between adjacent array elements in the array element adjacency information. Starting from the output position of each channel, the connection relationship corresponding to the encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information and array element adjacency information is extended segment by segment until the power supply path or array element position corresponding to other channels is reached. Each connected path is determined as a candidate coupling path. The candidate coupling paths are sorted according to the path order to form a set of candidate coupling paths.

4. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining perturbation array response data include: The preset perturbation order is determined based on the distribution relationship of local action areas in the candidate coupling path set, the overlap relationship of local action areas, and the relationship of the regions through which the candidate coupling paths pass. For the local action area corresponding to the current candidate coupling path to be processed under the preset disturbance sequence, while keeping the working frequency band, target beam direction, initial control parameters of each channel and power allocation results unchanged, at least one of the terminal connection state, equivalent impedance state, ground connection state, reference excitation access state or coupling switch conduction state is switched to form a controlled path disturbance. Apply controlled path perturbation and maintain the perturbation state, obtain the channel response results and array direction response results corresponding to the current candidate coupling path, and form perturbation array response data corresponding to each candidate coupling path.

5. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for generating path response fingerprint sets include: The perturbation array response data corresponding to each candidate coupling path is matched one-to-one with the baseline array response data according to the current operating conditions. Based on the corresponding perturbation array response data and baseline array response data, the amplitude change and phase change of each channel, as well as the main lobe direction change, main lobe amplitude change, side lobe region response change and local angular domain response change are calculated to generate path response difference results. The changes in the path response difference results that are higher than the corresponding judgment threshold are retained to generate path response features; the path response features corresponding to each candidate coupled path are combined according to the preset feature combination order to generate path response fingerprints. The path response fingerprints are collected according to the order of the candidate coupling paths in the candidate coupling path set, and a path response fingerprint set is generated.

6. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Methods for determining the effective coupling paths under the current operating conditions, as well as the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path, include: Obtain the standard path response fingerprint and the range of influence channels corresponding to each candidate coupling path; Each path response fingerprint in the path response fingerprint set is compared with the corresponding standard path response fingerprint to obtain a comprehensive matching result. Candidate coupling paths whose comprehensive matching results are higher than the path identification threshold are identified as effective coupling paths. Within the corresponding influence channel range, the effective channel is determined based on the amplitude and phase changes corresponding to each channel. By combining the channel-side influence results corresponding to the effective coupling channel and the direction-side influence results corresponding to the effective coupling path, the path contribution of each effective coupling path is calculated.

7. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for generating channel correction values ​​include: Read the path contribution and function channel corresponding to each effective coupling path; Based on the amplitude change, phase change, and main lobe direction change corresponding to each action channel, determine the amplitude correction direction and phase correction direction corresponding to each action channel; The amplitude influence ratio and phase influence ratio are determined based on the amplitude change and phase change corresponding to each channel, and the channel influence coefficient is determined based on the amplitude influence ratio and phase influence ratio. Based on the path contribution, channel influence coefficient, amplitude correction direction, and phase correction direction, the amplitude correction value and phase correction value corresponding to each channel are calculated, and the corresponding amplitude correction value and phase correction value are determined as the channel correction amount of the corresponding channel.

8. The beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining target beamforming control parameters include: Merge the amplitude correction values ​​and phase correction values ​​corresponding to the same channel according to the channel number; When there are amplitude correction values ​​or phase correction values ​​with opposite directions in the same channel, conflict resolution is performed based on the corresponding path contribution to obtain a unified amplitude correction result and a unified phase correction result. The unified amplitude correction result and the unified phase correction result are superimposed on the corresponding channel control parameters, and amplitude boundary limiting and phase period rotation processing are performed to obtain the target amplitude control parameters and target phase control parameters for each channel. The target amplitude control parameters and target phase control parameters corresponding to each channel are arranged according to the channel number to form the target beamforming control parameters.

9. A beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Methods for applying target beamforming control parameters to a beamforming chip array include: Based on the correspondence between each channel number and the corresponding control position in the array, and the conversion relationship between the target amplitude control parameters and the target phase control parameters and the amplitude control quantity and the phase control quantity, the target amplitude control parameters and the target phase control parameters corresponding to each channel are converted into amplitude control quantities and phase control quantities respectively. The amplitude control and phase control quantities corresponding to each channel are applied sequentially to the corresponding control positions. After the amplitude control and phase control quantities corresponding to all channels are applied, a control update is triggered, so that the beamforming chip array enters the target control state.

10. A beamforming chip array coupling suppression system, used to implement the beamforming chip array coupling suppression method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The system includes: The baseline response acquisition module is used to acquire the baseline array response data of the beamforming chip array under the current operating conditions; The path construction module is used to construct a set of candidate coupling paths based on the encapsulation structure information, power supply connection information, and array element adjacency information; The disturbance response acquisition module is used to apply controlled path disturbances to the local action areas corresponding to each candidate coupling path according to a preset disturbance order, and to acquire disturbance array response data. The differential fingerprint generation module is used to compare the perturbation array response data with the baseline array response data to obtain the path response differential result and generate a path response fingerprint set. The effective path identification module is used to determine the effective coupling paths under the current working condition and the path contribution and action channel corresponding to each effective coupling path based on the path response fingerprint set and the preset path feature mapping relationship. The channel correction generation module is used to generate channel correction values ​​for the channel control parameters corresponding to each active channel based on the path contribution value corresponding to each effective coupling path. The control parameter merging module is used to resolve conflicts and merge channels for each channel correction to obtain the target beamforming control parameters. The parameter application module is used to write the target beamforming control parameters into the beamforming chip array.

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