Communication method and device

Abstract

The application relates to a communication method and device. The method comprises: receiving an echo signal of a downlink sensing signal, wherein the downlink sensing signal is calculated based on a plurality of bits extracted from one or more sensing sequences according to one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key of the terminal and an access network device.

Description

Communication method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, 3GPP has initiated research on converged perception communication services. These perception services, provided by this converged perception scenario, can track and potentially identify any target (perception target) in the environment by transmitting perception signals via terminals and / or base stations, and measuring the echo signals of these perception signals via the perception terminals and / or access network equipment. However, in these perception scenarios, ensuring the security of the perception signals themselves, and thus the security of the entire perception scenario, has become a challenge.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method performed by a terminal, including:

[0006] An echo signal of a downlink perception signal is received, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method performed by an access network device, including:

[0008] Sending a downlink perception signal, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0009] An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, including:

[0010] A first communication unit is configured to receive an echo signal of a downlink perception signal, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0011] An embodiment of the present application provides an access network device, including:

[0012] The second communication unit is configured to send a downlink perception signal, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0013] An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory so that the terminal executes the above method.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides an access network device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the access network device performs the above method.

[0015] By adopting the above solution, the downlink sensing signal is generated by extracting bits from the sensing sequence based on a start flag bit, which is calculated based on a shared key between the sender and receiver. This start flag bit, calculated using the shared key, conceals the arrangement of the bits extracted from the sensing sequence. Only a receiver with the same shared key can correctly measure the downlink sensing signal's echo signal and obtain a sensing result, thereby improving the security of the downlink sensing signal itself and ensuring the security of the sensing scenario. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] FIG2 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] FIG3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0019] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of configuring relevant parameters of a PRS sequence and a PRS resource according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a modulation mapping processing scenario in a QPSK mode according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a modulation mapping processing scenario under a 16QAM mode according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG8 is another example diagram of a processing flow of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG9 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG10 is a schematic block diagram of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as LTE, LTE-A, NR, NR evolution, WLAN, WiFi, or other communication systems.

[0028] The embodiments of this application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminals. Terminals can be mobile or fixed and may also be referred to as mobile stations, user units, etc. A terminal can be a station in a WLAN, a smart terminal, a wireless modem, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or other terminals. In the embodiments of this application, a terminal can be a VR / AR terminal, an industrial control terminal, an unmanned driving terminal, a telemedicine terminal, a smart grid terminal, a transportation safety terminal, a smart city terminal, or a wireless terminal for a smart home. By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of this application, the terminal can also be a wearable device.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device for communicating with a terminal, an access point in a WLAN, an evolved base station in LTE, or a relay station, or a network device (gNB) in an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, and an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or a network device in a non-terrestrial network. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device.

[0030] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following relevant technologies can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminals 120. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and each network device 110 may include a different number of terminals 120 within its coverage area, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may also include a mobility management entity, access and mobility management functions, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The network devices may include access network devices and core network devices. That is, the communication system may also include multiple core networks for communicating with the access network devices. The access network devices may be base stations of LTE, LTE-A, or NR systems. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication devices may include network devices and terminals with communication functions. The communication devices may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0032] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method executed by a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0033] S210. Receive an echo signal of a downlink perception signal, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method performed by an access network device according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0035] S310. Send a downlink perception signal, where the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0036] The access network equipment may include at least one of the following: a base station, a gNB, an eNB, a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, a network device in an NTN network, a satellite, and the like.

[0037] The downlink sensing signal may also be referred to as a downlink sensing reference signal, or as any one of the sensing reference signals. For example, the downlink sensing reference signal may be a PRS (Positioning Reference Signal), a DM-RS (Demodulation Reference Signal), a CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal), and the like. The specific types of all possible downlink sensing reference signals are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0038] The echo signal of the downlink sensing signal may refer to an echo signal of the downlink sensing signal after being reflected by a sensing target. In some possible examples, the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal may also be referred to as a reflected signal of the downlink sensing signal, or simply as an echo signal, or simply as a reflected signal. This does not limit or exhaustively list all possible names for the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal. In some possible examples, the sensing target may also be simply referred to as a target.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the shared key is calculated by the terminal and the core network device respectively, and the shared key is configured on the access network device side.

[0040] On the terminal side, the shared key is calculated based on the first key shared by the terminal and the core network device. That is, the terminal processing may also include: calculating the shared key based on the first key shared by the terminal and the core network device.

[0041] On the access network device side, the shared key is configured. Before the access network device sends the downlink perception signal, the method further includes: receiving the shared key from a core network device.

[0042] On the core network device side, the shared key is calculated based on a first key shared by the terminal and the core network device. The core network device's processing may include: calculating the shared key based on the first key shared with the terminal; and sending a first request to the access network device, where the first request may carry the shared key. The first request may have at least one of the following functions: triggering a perception service, configuring perception information, configuring perception-related information, or configuring perception security information.

[0043] As long as the shared key is calculated on the terminal side before demodulating the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment; as long as the shared key is received on the access network device side before sending the downlink perception signal, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0044] The core network device may include at least one of the following: AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), SEAF (Security Anchor Function), AKMA server (AAnF, AKMA Anchor Function), GBA server BSF (Bootstrapping Server Function), AF, SF, etc. Among them, AMF and SEAF may also be co-located.

[0045] Accordingly, the key shared by the terminal and the core network device can be one of the following: K shared between the terminal and AMF AMF , K shared between the terminal and AUSF (AMF) SEAF , K shared between the terminal and AKMA AKMA , K shared by the terminal and AF AF , GBA key shared between the terminal and GBA server such as K sNAF , K shared by the terminal and SF SF It should be understood that this is merely an example description and does not limit or exhaustively list all possible key types that may be shared between the terminal and the core network device.

[0046] It should be understood that since the terminal and the core network device essentially use the same key algorithm and the same parameters to calculate the shared key, the shared keys obtained by the two should theoretically be the same. This embodiment no longer distinguishes the different names of the shared keys calculated by different devices.

[0047] The key algorithm used by the terminal and the core network device to calculate the shared key may be a default one or a protocol-specified one. For example, the key algorithm may include at least one of the following: a key derivation function (KDF), a first authentication function, a second authentication function, a third key generation function (for example, f3), a fourth key generation function (for example, f4), a fifth key generation function (for example, f5), a hash algorithm, an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), SNOW3G (Snow Third Generation), ZUC (ZUChongzhi), XOR calculation, and direct connection calculation. Among them, the hash algorithm may include HMAC-SHA-256 (Hash based Message Authentication Code-Secure Hash Algorithm-256, a secure hash algorithm 256 based on a hash-based message authentication code, which may be expressed as SHA-256), or other hash algorithms or hash functions may be used, which are not exhaustive in this embodiment.

[0048] The first key shared by the terminal and the core network device is K AMF For example, the terminal and the core network device calculate the shared key K based on the first key shared by the terminal and the core network device, which can be expressed by the following formula: K = KDF (K AMF Here, the shared key is simply represented as K. In some examples, the shared key can also be alternatively represented as a ciphering key, etc. The possible representations of the shared key are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0049] Optionally, on the terminal and core network device side, the shared key is calculated based on the first key and at least one of the following parameters: an identifier of the access network device, an identifier of the terminal, a random number, and an identifier of the perception service.

[0050] The identification of the perception service may also be replaced by the perception service type, and the identification of the perception service may be expressed as a perception service ID.

[0051] The random number can be expressed as Nonce.

[0052] The first key is K AMF For example, on the terminal and core network device (AMF) side, the following formula can be used to calculate the shared key: K = KDF (K AMF, “Sensing”, sensing service ID, UE ID, gNB ID, Nonce), where K represents the shared key, “Sensing” represents the indicator of the sensing service, sensing service ID is the ID of the sensing service, UE ID is the identifier of the terminal, and gNB ID is the identifier of the access network device; except for K in the formula AMF , the remaining parameters are optional.

[0053] The first key is K SEAF For example, on the terminal and core network equipment (AUSF) side, the following formula can be used to calculate the shared key: K = KDF (K SEAF , “Sensing”, sensing service ID, UE ID, gNB ID, Nonce), the meaning of each parameter in the formula is the same as in the previous example, and is not repeated here. SEAF , the remaining parameters are optional.

[0054] It should be understood that this is only an example. SEAF or K AMF Can also be replaced by K AKMA , K AF , K Snaf, , K SF Any one of the above will not be repeated here.

[0055] Furthermore, the random number may be generated by a core network device. The identification of the perception service and / or the random number on the terminal side may be configurable.

[0056] Specifically, on the terminal side, the method further includes: receiving first information, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the perception service, and a random number.

[0057] In one case, the terminal receiving the first information may be: receiving the first information from the core network device. Accordingly, the processing on the core network device side also includes: receiving a perception service request from the SF, the perception service request carrying the identification of the perception service; generating a random number; sending the first information to the terminal, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: the identification of the perception service, the random number. The first information may be carried by a second request sent by the core network device to the terminal. The functions of the second request may include at least one of the following: for triggering the perception service, for configuring perception information, for configuring perception-related information, and for configuring perception security information.

[0058] In this case, the core network device from which the terminal receives the first information can also be used to determine the type of the first key used by the terminal. For example, if the terminal receives the first information from the AMF, it determines that the first key is K AMF For example, the terminal receives the first information from the AUSF, and determines that the first key is K SEAF For example, the terminal receives the first information from AAnF and determines that the first key is K AKMA or K AF For example, the terminal receives the first information from the NAF and determines that the first key is K sNAF .

[0059] In one case, the terminal receiving the first information may be: receiving the first information from an access network device.

[0060] The processing of the core network device before calculating the shared key also includes: receiving a perception service request from the SF, and the perception service request carries the identification of the perception service. After calculating the shared key, the core network device also includes: sending second information to the access network device, wherein the second information includes at least one of the following: the identification of the perception service, and a random number. The second information can be carried by the first request, that is, the first request can carry the shared key, the identification of the perception service, and the random number. The function of the first request may include at least one of the following: for triggering the perception service, for configuring perception information, for configuring perception-related information, and for configuring perception security information.

[0061] Accordingly, the processing of the access network device may include: receiving second information from the core network device. Further, the processing of the access network device after receiving the second information may include: sending first information to the terminal, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the perception service and a random number. The first information may be carried by a third request sent by the access network device to the terminal. The functions of the third request may include at least one of the following: triggering the perception service, configuring perception information, configuring perception-related information, and configuring perception security information.

[0062] In this case, the type of the first key used by the terminal may be a default one or a protocol-specified one. Alternatively, the third request may carry an identifier of the core network device (e.g., at least one of an ID, name, and number); accordingly, the terminal may determine the type of the first key based on the identifier of the core network device carried in the third request.

[0063] In some possible implementations, on the terminal side, the shared key is calculated based on a second key shared by the terminal and the access network device. On the access network device side, the shared key is calculated based on the second key shared by the terminal and the access network device. As long as the shared key is calculated before demodulating the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, the terminal is within the scope of protection of this embodiment. As long as the shared key is calculated before sending the downlink perception signal, the access network device is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0064] The second key shared by the terminal and the access network device may include one of the following: an access layer key shared by the terminal and the access network device, an access layer security base key shared by the terminal and the access network device, a next hop key (NH) shared by the terminal and the access network device, and a physical layer key shared by the terminal and the access network device.

[0065] The access stratum (AS) security basic key can be K gNB . Exemplarily, where K gNB It can be the initial K specified in the relevant protocol. gNB , or K NG-RAN Here, K NG-RAN It can also be expressed alternatively as K NG-RAN *, or, alternatively, the non-initial key K gNB This embodiment does not limit the derivation method of the access layer security basic key.

[0066] The access layer key may include at least one of the following: UP (User Plane, user plane) integrity protection (or verification) key K Upint , UP confidentiality key K UPenc , control plane integrity protection (or verification) key K RRCint , control plane confidentiality key K RRCenc This embodiment does not limit the derivation method of each access layer key.

[0067] The physical layer key can be generated based on the characteristics of the physical layer channel between the terminal and the access network device. This embodiment does not limit the specific generation method of the physical layer key; illustratively, the physical layer key can be expressed as Kphy.

[0068] It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description of the second key. In actual processing, the second key may also be a key generated or shared in other ways. This does not limit or enumerate all possible key types that may be used as the second key.

[0069] Optionally, the second key used by the terminal and the access network device may be a default key between the two parties or a key specified in an agreement. For example, the terminal and the access network device may default to K NG-RAN as the second key.

[0070] Optionally, the terminal may determine the second key. The processing by the terminal may further include: the terminal sending an identifier of the second key to the access network device. The processing by the access network device before sending the downlink perception signal may further include: receiving the identifier of the second key from the terminal; and determining the second key based on the identifier of the second key.

[0071] Optionally, the access network device may determine the second key. The processing by the access network device before sending the downlink perception signal may further include: sending an identifier of the second key to the terminal device. The processing by the terminal may further include: receiving the identifier of the second key from the access network device, and determining the second key based on the identifier of the second key.

[0072] The description of the key algorithm used by the terminal and the access network device to calculate the shared key is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Taking the second key as KgNB as an example, the terminal and the access network device can use the following formula to calculate the shared key based on the second key: K=KDF(KgNB).

[0074] Optionally, the shared key is calculated based on the second key and at least one of the following parameters: an identifier of the access network device, a random number, an identifier of the terminal, and an identifier of a perception service. The random number may be expressed as a Nonce.

[0075] Still taking the second key as KgNB as an example, the terminal and the access network device can use the following formula to calculate the shared key: The following formula can be used to calculate the shared key: K = KDF (KgNB, "Sensing", sensing service ID, UE ID, gNB ID, Nonce), the meaning of the parameters in the formula is the same as defined in the previous embodiment; except for the second key KgNB, the remaining parameters in the formula are optional parameters.

[0076] It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description of the parameters used to calculate the shared key. In actual processing, other parameters may be added, such as an indicator of the perception service to indicate the execution of the perception service. All parameters that may be used to calculate the shared key are not enumerated here.

[0077] In this embodiment, the random number is generated by the access network device. The identifier of the perception service on the terminal side and / or the random number can be configured by the access network device.

[0078] Specifically, at the terminal side, before receiving the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, the method further includes: receiving first information, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the perception service and a random number. Specifically, receiving the first information can be: receiving the first information from an access network device.

[0079] Correspondingly, before the access network device side sends the downlink perception signal, the method further includes: sending first information to the one or more nodes, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the perception service, a random number. Specifically, sending the first information to the one or more nodes may be: sending the first information to the terminal. The first information sent by the access network device may be carried by a third request sent by the access network device to the terminal. The functions of the third request may include at least one of the following: for triggering the perception service, for configuring perception information, for configuring perception-related information, and for configuring perception security information.

[0080] In some possible implementations, on the terminal and access network device side, the shared key is a second key shared by the terminal and the access network device. The description of the second key is the same as that in the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0081] In some possible implementations, the shared key is preconfigured on both the terminal and the access network device. Regarding the method of preconfiguring the same shared key on both the terminal and the access network device, the core network device may preconfigure the shared key on both the terminal and the access network device, respectively. This configuration method is not limited in this embodiment. Alternatively, the shared key may be manually configured on the terminal and the access network device. This does not limit or exhaustively enumerate the methods for separately configuring the shared key on the terminal and the access network device. As long as the terminal and the access network device use the same shared key, it falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0082] In some possible implementations, the one or more sensing sequences are calculated by the terminal and the access network device respectively. Moreover, the one or more sensing sequences should be the same on the terminal and the access network device side, so the processing of different devices will not be described separately.

[0083] The one or more perceptual sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, where different perceptual sequences correspond to different generation parameters. Herein, the perceptual sequence may also be interchangeably referred to as any one of a PRS sequence, a PRS generation sequence, a perceptual signal sequence, a PRS sequence bit stream, a perceptual signal sequence bit stream, a sequence bit stream, a bit stream, a perceptual bit stream, and the like. All possible names of perceptual sequences are not limited or exhaustive.

[0084] The one or more generation parameters are determined based on at least one of the following: a configuration parameter, the shared key, the shared key, one or more key interception ranges, and one or more calculation parameters. Different key interception ranges in the one or more key interception ranges correspond to different perception sequences, different key interception ranges in the one or more key interception ranges are used to determine different generation parameters, different calculation parameters in the one or more calculation parameters correspond to different perception sequences, and different calculation parameters in the one or more calculation parameters are used to determine different generation parameters.

[0085] The configuration parameter may refer to a configuration value specified by the protocol, such as a downlink PRS sequence ID, which may be expressed as The configuration parameter may be given by a higher layer, for example, by a parameter dl-PRS-SequenceID (downlink PRS sequence identifier) ​​configured by a higher layer, where:

[0086] Each of the one or more key interception ranges is used to determine a start bit and an end bit for intercepting bits from the shared key; different key interception ranges are used to determine different start bits and / or different end bits for intercepting bits from the shared key.

[0087] For example, any key truncation range can be used to indicate at least one of the start bit, end bit, truncation length, and truncation rule for truncation of a shared key. For example, a key truncation range may indicate that the start and end bits of a shared key are {0..31}; another key truncation range may indicate that the start and end bits of a shared key are {97..128}; another example may indicate that a key truncation range is a truncation rule, where the truncation rule determines to truncate 32 bits (which may be continuous or discontinuous) at a specified position in the shared key, and so on. This article does not limit or exhaustively enumerate the possible indications of a key truncation range.

[0088] The one or more key interception ranges, or each key interception range and its correspondence with the generation parameters and / or perception sequence, can be determined by the access network device and configured to the terminal, or can be determined by the terminal and configured to the access network device, or can be determined by the core network device and configured to the terminal and the access network device, or can be determined by the SF and configured to the terminal and the access network device.

[0089] Each of the one or more calculation parameters is used to calculate a corresponding generation parameter in combination with the shared key.

[0090] The one or more calculation parameters, or each calculation parameter and its correspondence with the generation parameter and / or perception sequence, can be determined by the access network device and configured to the terminal, or can be determined by the terminal and configured to the access network device, or can be determined by the core network device and configured to the terminal and the access network device, or can be determined by the SF and configured to the terminal and the access network device.

[0091] Taking as an example any one of the one or more perception sequences as the jth perception sequence and a generation parameter corresponding to the jth perception sequence as the jth generation parameter, the jth generation parameter can be determined based on at least one of the following: a configuration parameter, the shared key, a jth key interception range among the one or more key interception ranges, and a jth calculation parameter among the one or more calculation parameters, where j is a positive integer.

[0092] Optionally, the jth generation parameter is determined based on a configuration parameter. Specifically, the jth generation parameter may be equal to the configuration parameter.

[0093] Optionally, the jth generation parameter is calculated based on the configuration parameter and the shared key. The description of the configuration parameter is the same as that in the above example and will not be repeated here.

[0094] The jth generated parameter can be obtained by shifting the configuration parameter based on the shared key. Specifically, the jth generated parameter can be obtained by right-shifting the configuration parameter by a first value, where the first value is equal to the decimal value of the shared key. For example, assuming the configuration parameter is represented as The jth generation parameter is expressed as Depend on Shift the ciphering key (the key in the positioning system, converted to decimal) right to get it.

[0095] Optionally, the jth generation parameter is calculated based on the shared key and the jth key interception range.

[0096] The jth generation parameter can be a plurality of bits intercepted from the shared key based on the jth key interception range. For example, if the jth interception range indicates that the intercepted start and end bits are 0 to 31, then the jth generation parameter is the 32 bits intercepted from bits 0 to 31 of the shared key. For example, if the jth interception range indicates that the intercepted start and end bits are 1 to 12, then the jth generation parameter is the 12 bits intercepted from bits 1 to 12 of the shared key. It should be understood that this is merely an example and does not limit the key interception range.

[0097] Optionally, the jth generation parameter is calculated based on the shared key and the jth calculation parameter.

[0098] The calculation method of the jth generation parameter can be a modulo calculation; for example, the jth generation parameter can be equal to the value of the shared key modulo the jth calculation parameter, and the jth calculation parameter can be 2 31 For example, the jth generation parameter The calculation can be expressed as Wherein, K represents a shared key. It should be understood that this is merely an example and does not limit the calculation parameters.

[0099] Based on the above processing, one or more generation parameters can be obtained. It should be pointed out that different generation parameters can be generated using different methods, or different key interception ranges, or different calculation parameters. If multiple generation parameters are finally obtained, the specific content or specific values ​​of different generation parameters will be different.

[0100] Different generation parameters in the one or more generation parameters are used to calculate different perception sequences. Because the specific values ​​or contents of the different generation parameters themselves differ, different perception sequences can be guaranteed to be different. In this embodiment, the calculation method for each perception sequence can be the same. For example, the perception sequences can all be gold sequences, that is, each perception sequence is calculated using the calculation method for gold sequences.

[0101] Still taking the jth generation parameter and the jth perception sequence as an example, assuming that the jth perception sequence is represented by c(n), where n = 0, 1, ..., MPN-1, the calculation method of c(n) is as follows: c(n) = (x1(n+N c )+x2(n+N c ))mod2 x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2

[0102] Among them, NC = 1600;

[0103] The first m-sequence is initialized to x1(0)=1,...,x1(n)=0,n=1,...,30;

[0104] Initialization of the second m-sequence:

[0105] The length of the Gold sequence c(n) is: 2 31 -1; The jth generation parameter may be generated. The specific generation method has been described in detail in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. The number of symbols in a slot; is the time slot number; l is the OFDM symbol mapped to the time slot.

[0106] In some possible implementations, the one or more start flags are calculated by the terminal and the access network device respectively. Moreover, the one or more start flags should be the same on the terminal and the access network device side, so the processing of different devices will not be described separately.

[0107] In one embodiment, the one or more start flags include a start flag, and the start flag corresponds to the one or more perception sequences.

[0108] In this embodiment, the one start flag is referred to as a first start flag. Specifically, the first start flag may be calculated based on the first calculation method, the shared key, and the first parameter.

[0109] The first calculation method can be configured according to actual conditions, for example, it can be a modulo calculation (mod) and the like.

[0110] The first parameter can be configured based on actual conditions. For example, the first parameter can be equal to the length of the sensing sequence. In this embodiment, there can be one or more sensing sequences, and the lengths of different sensing sequences should be the same. Therefore, the first parameter can be equal to the length of any sensing sequence. The length of the sensing sequence can be default or specified by the protocol. Alternatively, the length of the sensing sequence can be determined based on the length of the downlink sensing signal; the length of the downlink sensing signal can be related to the number of subcarriers and / or the number of symbols corresponding to the downlink sensing signal. The number of subcarriers and the number of symbols corresponding to the downlink sensing signal can be default or specified by the protocol, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0111] For example, any perceptual sequence can be represented as c(n), and the first parameter can be equal to the length of c(n), for example, 2 31 -1.

[0112] For example, the first start flag can be calculated in the following way: flag_start=ciphering key mod(2 31 -1), where flag_start is the first starting flag, ciphering key is the shared key, "2 31 -1" is the first parameter.

[0113] In one embodiment, the one or more start flag bits include multiple start flag bits, and different start flag bits in the multiple start flag bits are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

[0114] The multiple start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key and multiple offset values, and different offset values ​​in the multiple offset values ​​are used to calculate different start flag bits.

[0115] Any of the multiple offset values ​​may be an integer, such as a positive integer, a negative integer, or 0. The multiple offset values ​​may be pre-generated by the access network device and configured for the terminal; or, the multiple offset values ​​may be pre-generated by the terminal and configured for the access network device; or, the multiple offset values ​​may be configured by the core network device for the terminal and the access network device; or, the multiple offset values ​​may be configured by a sensing function (SF) for the terminal and the access network device.

[0116] The correspondence between each offset value in the multiple offset values ​​and each start flag bit can be a default, or each offset value in the multiple offset values ​​and its correspondence with each start flag bit are pre-determined by the access network device and configured to the terminal; or each offset value in the multiple offset values ​​and its correspondence with each start flag bit are pre-determined by the terminal and configured to the access network device; or each offset value in the multiple offset values ​​and its correspondence with each start flag bit are configured to the terminal and the access network device by the core network device; or each offset value in the multiple offset values ​​and its correspondence with each start flag bit are configured to the terminal and the access network device by the SF.

[0117] Different offset values ​​among the multiple offset values ​​have different specific values.

[0118] The offset value can also be replaced by any one of the second parameter, adjustment parameter, adjustment value, starting adjustment value, starting bit offset value, offset parameter, etc. The possible names of the offset value are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0119] Taking any start flag as the i-th start flag and the offset value corresponding to the i-th start flag as an example, a method for calculating the i-th start flag may include: calculating the shared key and the first parameter based on a first calculation method to obtain an i-th initial value, and adjusting the i-th initial value based on the i-th offset value to obtain the i-th start flag. Wherein, i is a positive integer.

[0120] For example, the i-th start flag can be calculated as follows: flag_start-i=ciphering key mod(2 31 -1)+offset-i, where flag_start-i is the i-th starting mark bit, offset-i is the i-th offset value, and ciphering key (encryption key) is the shared key, "2 31-1" is the first parameter. The i+1th starting flag can be calculated as follows: flag_start-i+1=ciphering key mod(2 31 -1)+offset-i+1, where flag_start-i+1 is the i+1th starting flag bit, offset-i+1 is the i+1th offset value, and the values ​​of offset-i and offset-i+1 are different.

[0121] In some possible implementations, on the access network device side, the downlink perception signal is generated based on a modulation symbol, and the modulation symbol is calculated using a first modulation method on multiple bits extracted from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more start flag bits.

[0122] In one embodiment, the one or more start flags include only one start flag, namely the first start flag in the above embodiment. The one or more sensing sequences include multiple sensing sequences.

[0123] The calculation method of the first start flag has been described in detail in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Different perception sequences of the plurality of perception sequences correspond to different generation parameters, and thus different perception sequences have different contents or values.

[0124] On the access network device side, the process of generating a downlink perception signal may include: extracting multiple bits in sequence from multiple perception sequences based on a first start flag bit; calculating modulation symbols for the multiple bits based on a first modulation method, mapping the modulation symbols to corresponding perception signal time-frequency resources, and obtaining a downlink perception signal.

[0125] It should also be pointed out that the process of extracting multiple bits and the process of calculating modulation symbols can be performed alternately. For example, after extracting multiple bits for the first time, the multiple bits are processed and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency resources based on the first modulation method, and then the multiple bits are extracted for the second time, and then the multiple bits are processed and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency resources based on the first modulation method, and so on, until the full perception signal time-frequency resources are mapped.

[0126] The perception signal time-frequency resource may refer to one or more time-frequency resources corresponding to the perception signal, each of which may include a symbol and a subcarrier. The above mapping process may also be sequential, such as from early to late or from front to back in the time domain, and from low to high in the frequency domain, such as starting the mapping from the subcarrier with the lowest frequency of the first symbol of the corresponding time slot (the perception signal transmission time slot).

[0127] Optionally, extracting multiple bits in sequence from multiple perception sequences based on the first starting flag bit may include: sorting the multiple perception sequences to form multiple sorted perception sequences; starting processing from the first perception sequence in the multiple sorted perception sequences, and extracting multiple bits for each perception sequence based on the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit.

[0128] Starting from the first perceptual sequence among the sorted multiple perceptual sequences, multiple bits are extracted for each perceptual sequence based on the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit. This can be: taking the first perceptual sequence as the current perceptual sequence, and extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit in the current perceptual sequence; when it is determined that the current perceptual sequence has completed extraction, taking the second perceptual sequence among the sorted multiple perceptual sequences as the current perceptual sequence, and extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit in the current perceptual sequence; when it is determined that the current perceptual sequence has completed extraction, taking the third perceptual sequence among the sorted multiple perceptual sequences as the current perceptual sequence, and extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit in the current perceptual sequence; and so on. It will not be repeated here.

[0129] The first modulation mode is Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). Further, the first modulation mode can be one of the following: 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc.

[0130] The number of bits extracted from the perception sequence each time may be related to the first modulation mode. For example, if the first modulation mode is 16QAM, the number of bits extracted from the perception sequence each time is 4. For example, if the first modulation mode is 64QAM, the number of bits extracted from the perception sequence each time is 6. For example, if the first modulation mode is 256QAM, the number of bits extracted from the perception sequence each time is 8.

[0131] It should also be noted that the number of perceptual sequences may be determined based on the first modulation scheme.

[0132] In conjunction with related technologies, after a PRS sequence (perception sequence) is generated, it is mapped to a time-frequency grid to generate a PRS resource. The PRS resource is repeatedly generated according to certain rules to generate a PRS resource set and then issued.

[0133] The configuration of the PRS sequence and PRS resource related parameters is described below in conjunction with FIG4:

[0134] PRS Point A: This field specifies the absolute frequency of the DL-PRS reference resource block. Its lowest subcarrier is also called DL-PRS Point A. Value range: 0 to 3278165.

[0135] StartPRB: This field specifies the starting PRB index, which is defined relative to the reference DL-PRS Point A of the positioning frequency layer. Value range: 0 to 2176.

[0136] Bandwidth: This field specifies the number of PRBs allocated for DL-PRS resources (allocated DL-PRS bandwidth), which is a multiple of 4 PRBs. Values ​​range from 1 to 63.

[0137] PRS sequence: PRS sequence, sequence ID value: 0~4095=0~2 12 -1.

[0138] Symbol offset: The starting symbol of the DL-PRS resource in a time slot. Value range: 0 to 12.

[0139] NumSymbol (Number of symbols): The number of symbols for each DL-PRS resource in a time slot: 2, 4, 6, 12.

[0140] Comb size: This field specifies the spacing of resource elements in each symbol of the DL-PRS resource. Values: 2, 4, 6, 12.

[0141] Starting offset: The frequency domain resource element (RE) offset of the first symbol in the DL-PRS resource. Value range: 0 to CombSize-1.

[0142] Under certain parameters (such as those specified in the protocol (number of symbols in a slot), (time slot number), l (sequence mapped to OFDM symbols within the time slot), After generating the c(n) bit stream (perception sequence, simply represented as c(n)) under the same parameters as above, c(n) is modulated into symbols by QPSK in sequence starting from c(0) and mapped to the subcarriers of the corresponding symbol. Assuming that the number of PRS subcarriers on the corresponding symbol of the corresponding time slot is N, then in the original protocol, it is necessary to take c(0), c(1), ..., c(2N-1) bits from c(n), and take 2 bits in sequence to map them to the corresponding subcarriers to generate QPSK symbols. As shown in Figure 5, taking the first symbol of the first resource as an example, {c(0), c(1)}, {c(2), c(3)}, {c(4), c(5)}, {c(6), c(7)}, {c(2N-2), c(2N-1)} are taken in sequence to obtain symbols modulated by QPSK and mapped to the subcarriers of the first symbol of the first resource (PRS resource).

[0143] Therefore, if the number of PRS subcarriers N on the symbol corresponding to the time slot remains unchanged, but the modulation method changes to require 4 or more bits per modulation, the number of sensing sequences needs to be increased to ensure that the number of generated symbols remains unchanged. For example, in 16QAM, 4 bits are modulated at a time, so 2 sensing sequences are required to ensure that the number of PRS subcarriers N on the symbol corresponding to the time slot remains unchanged; in 64QAM, 6 bits are modulated at a time, so 3 sensing sequences are required; in 256QAM, 8 bits are modulated at a time, so 4 sensing sequences are required.

[0144] Taking the first modulation mode of 16QAM as an example, if the QPSK in the related art is changed to 16QAM, and the number of symbols generated after the modulation mode is changed is guaranteed to remain unchanged, then two c(n) sequences (perception sequences) are generated: c1(n) and c2(n). During modulation, the flag_start to flag_start+2N-1 bits of c1(n) and the flag_start to flag_start+2N-1 bits of c2(n) are taken. Specifically, 4 bits are taken in sequence (i.e., 4 bits are taken in sequence each time) for modulation to generate 16QAM symbols and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency positions, thereby ensuring that the number of symbols generated remains unchanged.

[0145] Furthermore, taking 16QAM as an example, assuming that the number of PRS subcarriers on the corresponding symbol is N, and the two perception sequences are represented as c1(n) and c2(n), the processing flow may include:

[0146] First, in the determined Under the parameters, generate c1(n) bit stream (the first perception sequence); in another Under the parameters, c2(n) bit stream (second perception sequence) is generated. Depend on Shift the ciphering key (key in the positioning system, converted to decimal) right to get it. and It should be understood that the calculation parameters used by c1(n) and c2(n) may also include other relevant parameters specified by the protocol, such as l etc. At least one of them, no further elaboration or exhaustive enumeration will be given here.

[0147] Then, calculate the flag flag_start (such as the first starting flag), flag_start = ciphering key mod (2 31 -1). Starting from the flag_start bit of c1(n) and c2(n), 4 bits are sequentially taken (2N bits of c1(n) and c2(n) are taken respectively) to modulate into 16QAM symbols and map them to the time-frequency grid.

[0148] Specifically, the (flag_start)th bit to the (flag_start+2N-1)th bit are taken from c1(n) and c2(n) respectively, modulated into symbols through 16QAM and mapped to the subcarriers of the corresponding symbols. For example, as shown in Figure 6, the (flag_start)th bit of any c(n) is denoted as c(F) in Figure 6. Taking the first symbol of the first resource as an example, first take the (flag_start)th bit to the (flag_start+2N-1)th bit from c1(n), taking 4 bits each time. For example, the 4 bits taken for the first time are {c1(F), c1(F+1), c1(F+2), c1(F+3)}, and the 4 bits taken for the Nth time are {c1(F+2N-4), c1(F+2N-5)}. 1(F+2N-3), c1(F+2N-2), c1(F+2N-1)}; then take the (flag_start)th bit to the (flag_start+2N-1)th bit from c2(n), taking 4 bits each time. For example, the 4 bits taken in sequence are {c2(F), c2(F+1), c2(F+2), c2(F+3)}, and the last 4 bits are {c2(F+2N-4), c2(F+2N-3), c2(F+2N-2), c2(F+2N-1)}.

[0149] This embodiment increases the possibility space of the PRS without changing the PRS length (N PRS subcarriers are generated on the corresponding symbol).

[0150] Optionally, extracting multiple bits in sequence from multiple perception sequences based on the first start flag bit may include: sorting the multiple perception sequences and then splicing them to obtain a total perception sequence; and extracting multiple bits in sequence starting from the bit position corresponding to the first start flag bit in the total perception sequence.

[0151] In this case, the number of bits extracted each time is the same as in the previous embodiment, for example, in 16QAM, 4 bits are extracted each time, etc., and will not be described in detail here. In this case, the subsequent modulation and mapping processes are similar to those in the previous embodiment, so they will not be repeated.

[0152] Optionally, extracting multiple bits in sequence from multiple perception sequences based on the first starting flag bit may include: sorting the multiple perception sequences to form multiple sorted perception sequences; extracting multiple bits in sequence from the multiple sorted perception sequences based on the first starting flag bit, and splicing the multiple bits extracted from the multiple perception sequences to obtain multiple bits extracted each time.

[0153] The difference from the above embodiment is that any extraction process extracts multiple bits from each perception sequence, and then concatenates them to obtain all the bits that need to be extracted this time.

[0154] In this case, the description of the total number of the multiple bits obtained by splicing is similar to that in the above embodiment. For example, in 16QAM, the total number of the multiple bits obtained by splicing is 4 bits, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0155] The number of multiple bits extracted from each perception sequence each time can be equal to the total number of multiple bits obtained by splicing divided by the number of perception sequences. For example, if the total number of multiple bits obtained by splicing is 4 and the number of perception sequences is 2, then the number of multiple bits extracted from each perception sequence each time is 2.

[0156] The manner of splicing to obtain the multiple bits extracted each time may be determined according to the order of the perception sequence.

[0157] For example, in the case of 16QAM and two perceptual sequences, starting from the position where the first start flag bit corresponds to each of the two perceptual sequences, two bits are extracted from each of the two perceptual sequences at a time, and the two bits extracted from each perceptual sequence are concatenated to obtain four bits. The manner in which the four bits extracted each time are concatenated can be determined based on the order of the two perceptual sequences, for example, the two bits extracted from the first perceptual sequence are placed first, and the two bits extracted from the second perceptual sequence are placed last, etc. The possible concatenation methods are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0158] In this case, the subsequent modulation and mapping processes are similar to those in the above embodiment, and thus will not be described repeatedly.

[0159] In one embodiment, the one or more start flags include only one start flag, namely the first start flag in the aforementioned embodiment, and the one or more sensing sequences also include only one sensing sequence, which is referred to as the first sensing sequence in this embodiment.

[0160] The calculation method of the first start flag has been described in detail in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. The generation method of the first perception sequence is any one of the multiple possible generation methods of the j-th perception sequence in the above embodiment.

[0161] On the access network device side, the process of generating a downlink perception signal may include: extracting multiple bits in sequence from a first perception sequence based on a first start flag bit; calculating modulation symbols for the multiple bits based on a first modulation method, mapping the modulation symbols to corresponding perception signal time-frequency resources, and obtaining a downlink perception signal.

[0162] It should also be pointed out that the process of extracting multiple bits and the process of calculating modulation symbols can be performed alternately. For example, after extracting multiple bits for the first time, the multiple bits are processed and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency resources based on the first modulation method, and then the multiple bits are extracted for the second time, and then the multiple bits are processed and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency resources based on the first modulation method, and so on, until the full perception signal time-frequency resources are mapped.

[0163] The extracting of multiple bits in sequence from the first perception sequence based on the first starting flag bit may include: when extracting multiple bits from the first perception sequence for the first time, extracting multiple bits starting from the position corresponding to the first starting flag bit; in the extraction process other than the first time, extracting multiple bits starting from the next bit of the last extraction end bit, and so on.

[0164] Preferably, the first modulation mode is one of the following: 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc. In this case, the description of the number of multiple bits extracted each time is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not repeated here. The specific modulation and mapping processing in this case is similar to that in the previous embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0165] Furthermore, in this case, after all bits in the first perception sequence are extracted, cyclic extraction may be started from the 0th bit (ie, the first bit).

[0166] Optionally, the first modulation mode may still use Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). In this case, the number of multiple bits extracted each time may be 2 bits, and the related processing of QPSK modulation and mapping PRS resources is the same as that described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0167] Regardless of which of the above modulation methods is used, this embodiment can use the starting flag calculated by the shared key to extract multiple bits from the perception sequence in sequence for modulation mapping. Since the shared key is known only to the sender and receiver, the calculated starting flag is confidential, achieving the effect of hiding the starting flag of c(n) (perception sequence). An attacker needs to traverse all values ​​of c(n) to determine the position at which c(n) starts modulation mapping, thereby reducing the possibility of an attacker measuring the echo signal of the downlink perception signal and obtaining an accurate perception result. It can be seen that the solution provided by this embodiment can ensure the security of the perception signal.

[0168] In one embodiment, the one or more start flags only include a plurality of start flags. The one or more perception sequences include a plurality of perception sequences, and different start flags in the plurality of start flags correspond to different perception sequences.

[0169] On the access network device side, the process of generating a downlink perception signal may include: extracting multiple bits from multiple perception sequences in sequence based on the start flag bit corresponding to each perception sequence; calculating the modulation symbols for the multiple bits based on the first modulation method, mapping the modulation symbols to the corresponding perception signal time-frequency resources, and obtaining the downlink perception signal.

[0170] It should also be noted that the process of extracting multiple bits and the process of calculating modulation symbols can be performed alternately. The specific description is the same as that of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0171] Optionally, based on the starting flag bit corresponding to each perception sequence, extracting multiple bits in sequence from multiple perception sequences can include: sorting the multiple perception sequences to form multiple sorted perception sequences; starting processing from the first perception sequence in the multiple sorted perception sequences, and extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the starting flag bit of the first perception sequence in the first perception sequence, until the last perception sequence in the multiple perception sequences.

[0172] Processing starts from the first perception sequence among the sorted multiple perception sequences, and multiple bits are extracted from the bit position corresponding to the starting flag of the first perception sequence until the last perception sequence among the multiple perception sequences. It can be: extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the starting flag of the first perception sequence; when it is determined that the extraction of the first perception sequence is completed, extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the starting flag of the second perception sequence, and so on. It will not be repeated here.

[0173] For example, assuming the first modulation mode is 16QAM, two c(n) sequences (perception sequences) are generated: c1(n) (the first perception sequence) and c2(n) (the second perception sequence). During modulation, bits flag_start1 to flag_start1+2N-1 of c1(n) are taken based on flag_start1 (the starting flag corresponding to the first perception sequence), and bits flag_start2 to flag_start2+2N-1 of c2(n) are taken based on flag_start2 (the starting flag corresponding to the second perception sequence). Specifically, 4 bits are sequentially taken (i.e., 4 bits are sequentially taken each time) for modulation to generate 16QAM symbols and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency positions, thereby ensuring that the number of generated symbols remains unchanged.

[0174] For example, the (flag_start1)th bit of c1(n) is recorded as c1(F1), and the (flag_start2)th bit of c2(n) is recorded as c2(F2). Taking the first symbol of the first resource as an example, the first 4 bits taken are {c1(F1), c1(F1+1), c1(F1+2), c1(F1+3)}, and the Nth 4 bits taken are {c1(F1+2N-4), c1(F1+2N-3), c1(F1+2N-2) , c1(F1+2N-1)}; then take the (flag_start2)th bit to the (flag_start2+2N-1)th bit from c2(n), taking 4 bits each time. For example, the 4 bits taken in sequence are {c2(F2), c2(F2+1), c2(F2+2), c2(F2+3)}, and the last 4 bits are {c2(F2+2N-4), c2(F2+2N-3), c2(F2+2N-2), c2(F2+2N-1)}.

[0175] Optionally, based on the starting flag bit corresponding to each perception sequence, extracting multiple bits in sequence from multiple perception sequences may include: sorting the multiple perception sequences to form multiple sorted perception sequences; starting from the first perception sequence in the multiple sorted perception sequences, extracting multiple bits in sequence based on the starting flag bit corresponding to each perception sequence, and splicing the multiple bits extracted from the multiple perception sequences to obtain multiple bits extracted each time.

[0176] In any extraction process, a certain number of bits are extracted from each perception sequence, and then the bits are spliced ​​together to obtain all the bits to be extracted. In this case, the description of the total number of the spliced ​​bits is similar to that in the previous embodiment and is not repeated here. The number of bits extracted from each perception sequence can be equal to the total number of the spliced ​​bits divided by the number of perception sequences. The method for splicing the extracted bits can be determined based on the order of the perception sequences.

[0177] For example, the (flag_start1)th bit of c1(n) is still recorded as c1(F1), and the (flag_start2)th bit of c2(n) is recorded as c2(F2). Taking the first symbol of the first resource as an example, the first 4 bits taken are {c1(F1), c1(F1+1), c2(F2), c2(F2+1)}, and the 4 bits taken for the 2Nth time are {c1(F1+2N-2), c1(F1+2N-1), c2(F2+2N-2), c2(F2+2N-1)}.

[0178] In one embodiment, the one or more start flags include only a plurality of start flags. The one or more sensing sequences include one sensing sequence, and the plurality of start flags correspond to the sensing sequence. The one sensing sequence is referred to as a first sensing sequence.

[0179] On the access network device side, generating a downlink perception signal may include: sequentially extracting multiple bits from a first perception sequence based on multiple start flag bits; calculating modulation symbols from the multiple bits based on a first modulation scheme; and mapping the modulation symbols to corresponding perception signal time-frequency resources to obtain a downlink perception signal. The extraction of multiple bits and the calculation of modulation symbols may be performed alternately. The specific description is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not further elaborated. The modulation and mapping schemes are also similar to those in the previous embodiment and are not further elaborated.

[0180] Extracting multiple bits in sequence from a first perception sequence based on multiple starting flags may include: sorting the multiple starting flags to form multiple sorted starting flags; starting processing from the first starting flag of the multiple sorted starting flags, and extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag in the first perception sequence.

[0181] Processing starts from the first starting flag bit among the sorted multiple starting flag bits, and multiple bits are extracted from the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit in the first perception sequence. It can be: extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the first starting flag bit in the first perception sequence; when it is determined that the current extraction is completed, extracting multiple bits from the bit position corresponding to the second starting flag bit in the first perception sequence, and so on. It is not repeated here.

[0182] For example, assuming the first modulation mode is 16QAM, two start flags flag_start1 and flag_start2 are generated, and a c(n) sequence (the first perception sequence) is generated. During modulation, bits flag_start1 to flag_start1+2N-1 of c(n) are taken based on flag_start1, and then bits flag_start2 to flag_start2+2N-1 of c(n) are taken based on flag_start2. Specifically, 4 bits are taken sequentially (i.e., 4 bits are taken sequentially each time) for modulation to generate 16QAM symbols and mapped to the corresponding time-frequency positions, thereby ensuring that the number of generated symbols remains unchanged.

[0183] For example, the (flag_start1)th bit of c(n) is recorded as c(F1), and the (flag_start2)th bit of c(n) is recorded as c(F2). Taking the first symbol of the first resource as an example, the first 4 bits taken are {c(F1), c(F1+1), c(F1+2), c(F1+3)}, and the Nth 4 bits taken are {c(F1+2N-4), c(F1+2N-3), c(F1+2N-2)}. , c(F1+2N-1)}; then take the (flag_start2)th bit to the (flag_start2+2N-1)th bit from c(n), taking 4 bits each time. For example, the 4 bits taken in sequence are {c(F2), c(F2+1), c(F2+2), c(F2+3)}, and the last 4 bits are {c(F2+2N-4), c(F2+2N-3), c(F2+2N-2), c(F2+2N-1)}.

[0184] In some possible implementations, the processing of the terminal further includes: extracting multiple bits from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more start flag bits; and demodulating an echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a perception result.

[0185] On the terminal side, the processing of calculating one or more start flag bits and calculating one or more perception sequences may be performed before the terminal receives the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, or may be performed after the terminal receives the echo signal of the downlink perception signal. The processing of extracting multiple bits from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more start flag bits may be performed before the terminal receives the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, or may be performed after the terminal receives the echo signal of the downlink perception signal. The processing of demodulating the echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the multiple bits to obtain the perception result is performed after the terminal receives the echo signal of the downlink perception signal.

[0186] For example, before receiving the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, the terminal may calculate one or more start flag bits and one or more perception sequences; and extract multiple bits from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more start flag bits. After receiving the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, the terminal may demodulate the echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a perception result.

[0187] For example, before receiving the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, the terminal can calculate one or more starting flag bits and one or more perception sequences; after receiving the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, the terminal extracts multiple bits from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more starting flag bits, and demodulates the echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a perception result.

[0188] For another example, after the terminal receives the echo signal of the downlink perception signal, it calculates one or more start flag bits and one or more perception sequences; based on the one or more start flag bits, it extracts multiple bits from the one or more perception sequences; based on the multiple bits, it demodulates the echo signal of the downlink perception signal to obtain a perception result.

[0189] Among them, based on the one or more start flag bits, the processing of extracting multiple bits from the one or more perception sequences should be the same as or corresponding to the processing of the access network device, that is, to ensure that the multiple bits extracted by the terminal and their corresponding symbols should be the same as those of the access network device.

[0190] For example, when one or more start flags include only one start flag, and one or more perception sequences include multiple perception sequences, the access network device side sorts the multiple perception sequences to form multiple sorted perception sequences, starts processing from the first perception sequence in the multiple sorted perception sequences, and extracts multiple bits for each perception sequence based on the bit corresponding to the first start flag. Accordingly, the processing on the terminal side is the same as that on the access network device side. And the sorting method of the multiple perception sequences is also the default or protocol specified by the terminal and the access network device, etc. As long as the sorting method of both parties is the same, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0191] For another example, when one or more start flags include only one start flag and one or more perception sequences include multiple perception sequences, the access network device side uses the first perception sequence as the current perception sequence and extracts multiple bits starting from the bit position corresponding to the first start flag in the current perception sequence; when it is determined that the extraction of the current perception sequence is complete, the second perception sequence among the sorted multiple perception sequences is used as the current perception sequence and extracts multiple bits starting from the bit position corresponding to the first start flag in the current perception sequence; when it is determined that the extraction of the current perception sequence is complete, the third perception sequence among the sorted multiple perception sequences is used as the current perception sequence and extracts multiple bits starting from the bit position corresponding to the first start flag in the current perception sequence; and so on. Accordingly, the processing on the terminal side is the same as that on the access network device side.

[0192] For another example, if one or more start flags include only one start flag, and one or more sensing sequences also include only one sensing sequence, when the access network device extracts multiple bits from the first sensing sequence for the first time, it extracts the multiple bits starting from the position corresponding to the first start flag; in all subsequent extraction processes except the first, it extracts the multiple bits starting from the position following the end bit of the previous extraction, and so on. Accordingly, the processing on the terminal side is the same as that on the access network device side.

[0193] The aforementioned situations are not exhaustively listed here. As long as the terminal side and the access network device side extract multiple bits in the same way, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0194] Furthermore, there are multiple possible processing methods for extracting multiple bits on the access network device side. As long as the terminal and the access network device default or pre-negotiate which specific processing method to use to extract multiple bits, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0195] The demodulating the echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the multiple bits to obtain the perception result includes: using a first modulation method to calculate the multiple bits to obtain modulation symbols; and demodulating the echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the modulation symbols to obtain the perception result.

[0196] The description of the first modulation mode is the same as that in the aforementioned embodiment and is not repeated here. The specific processing of the terminal using the first modulation mode to calculate the modulation symbol from the multiple bits should also be the same as the specific processing of the access network device side using the first modulation mode to calculate the modulation symbol from the multiple bits extracted from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more start flag bits and is not repeated here.

[0197] Demodulating the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the modulation symbol to obtain the sensing result may include: calculating a channel estimation value based on the modulation symbol corresponding to the first resource and the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal received on the first resource; and obtaining the sensing result based on the channel estimation value. Relevant parameters in the channel estimation value include at least one of the following: amplitude, frequency, and phase.

[0198] The sensing result calculated based on the channel estimation value may refer to the sensing result being calculated using one or more algorithms according to different sensing requirements (such as different sensing types and / or different sensing services, etc.) and / or a default method. This embodiment does not limit the various possible algorithms.

[0199] The first resource may include a first time domain resource and a first frequency domain resource. The first time domain resource may be any one of a specified moment, a period of time, or a time domain range where a specified moment t is located, etc.; the first frequency domain resource may be any one of a specified subcarrier, or a subcarrier on a specified frequency f, etc. For example, assuming that the first resource is a subcarrier at moment t and frequency f, the downlink perception signal transmitted by the access network device on the first resource is expressed as: x(t,f); the reflected signal obtained after the downlink perception signal passes through the perception target is expressed as: y(t,f). Since the terminal side calculates the modulation symbol based on the same perception sequence and the same calculation method as the access network device, in theory the modulation symbol on the first resource should be the same as the downlink perception signal transmitted by the access network device on the first resource, so the modulation symbol on the first resource is also expressed as: x(t,f); on the first resource, that is, at moment t and on the subcarrier with a frequency of f, the terminal can calculate the CSI as Here, H() represents the channel estimate, which can be included in the CSI. For example, CSI amplitude can be used to estimate respiratory rate, while CSI phase can be used to estimate respiratory rate; CSI Doppler information can be used to infer indoor human motion trajectories; CSI dynamic phase changes can be used for gesture recognition; and human behavior detection can be performed by combining CSI amplitude and phase.

[0200] After completing the above processing, the terminal may also perform the following processing: reporting the perception result.

[0201] The terminal reporting the perception result may include one of the following: the terminal reporting the perception result to the core network device; the terminal reporting the perception result to the access network device; the terminal reporting the perception result to the SF; the terminal reporting the perception result to the perception triggering UE.

[0202] Optionally, the SF sends a perception service request to the core network device to trigger the perception service. In this case, the core network device may directly send a second request to the terminal to trigger perception. In this scenario, the terminal may directly report its perception results to the core network device. Accordingly, the core network device's processing may further include: receiving the perception results from the terminal. After receiving the perception results from the terminal, the core network device may also report the terminal's perception results and the identification of the perception service to the SF.

[0203] Optionally, the SF sends a perception service request to the core network device to trigger the perception service. In this case, the core network device may send a first request for triggering the perception service to the access network device, and the access network device may send a third request for triggering perception to the terminal. If the terminal receives the third request for triggering the perception service from the access network device, the terminal reports the perception result to the access network device.

[0204] Accordingly, the processing performed by the access network device after sending the downlink perception signal may include: receiving a perception result from the terminal, and reporting the perception result of the terminal to the core network device. The processing performed by the core network device may include: receiving the perception result of the terminal from the access network device. After receiving the perception result of the terminal, the core network device may also report the perception result of the terminal and the identification of the perception service to the SF.

[0205] Optionally, the SF sends a perception service request to the access network device to trigger the perception service, and the access network device sends a third request to the terminal to trigger perception. If the terminal receives the third request from the access network device to trigger the perception service, the terminal reports the perception result to the access network device. Accordingly, the processing after the access network device sends the downlink perception signal may include: receiving the perception result from the terminal, and reporting the perception result of the terminal to the SF.

[0206] Optionally, the perception service may be triggered by the access network device. In this case, the terminal may report the perception result to the access network device.

[0207] Optionally, the perception service may be triggered by other perception triggering UE. In this case, the terminal may report the perception result to the perception triggering UE.

[0208] Next, the communication method provided by this application is described in conjunction with various embodiments.

[0209] Example 1: In a non-roaming scenario, SF is in the Serving PLMN, and AMF is the perception anchor point function. It can be based on the K in the key architecture. AMF The key is combined with the specific scheme. In this embodiment, the NAS related key K AMF As the source of the shared key, the gNB (or the service-related gNB) and the UE (or the UE) use the same generation method to generate the same PRS signal. Specifically, with reference to Figure 7, the following steps are included:

[0210] S701: SF sends a request to trigger the perception service (referred to as perception service request) to AMF, carrying the ID of the perception service.

[0211] It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description, and in actual processing, S701 may also be replaced by other processing.

[0212] Optionally, S701 may be replaced by the gNB sending a request to the AMF to trigger the sensing service, carrying the ID of the sensing service. Accordingly, S712 may subsequently return the sensing result to the AMF or gNB for the UE.

[0213] Optionally, S701 may be replaced by the gNB sending or updating security configuration information (or configuration information) to the AMF, where the security configuration information (or configuration information) carries the ID of the sensing service. This may occur during the sensing service execution between the current sensing UE and the base station, for example, when the PRS generation parameters need to be updated, the gNB sends the security configuration information update process to the AMF. Furthermore, subsequent S712 may return the sensing result to the AMF or gNB for the UE.

[0214] Optionally, S701 may be replaced by the UE (the UE that triggers the perception service) sending a request to trigger the perception service to the AMF, carrying the ID of the perception service. Accordingly, subsequent S712 may return the perception result to the AMF or the UE that triggers the perception service.

[0215] Optionally, S701 can be replaced by the UE (the UE that triggers the perception service) sending or updating security configuration information (or configuration information) to the AMF, where the security configuration information (or configuration information) carries the ID of the perception service. This situation may occur during the execution of the perception service between the current perception UE and the base station. For example, when the generation parameters of the PRS need to be updated, the UE that triggers the perception service sends or updates the security configuration information to the AMF; subsequently, S712 can return the perception result to the AMF or the UE that triggers the perception service for the UE.

[0216] Optionally, S701 may be replaced by the SF sending or updating security configuration information (or configuration information) to the AMF, where the security configuration information (or configuration information) carries the ID of the perception service. This may occur during the execution of the perception service between the current perception UE and the base station, for example, when the generation parameters of the PRS need to be updated, the SF sends or updates the security configuration information (or configuration information) to the AMF.

[0217] S702: AMF generates a random number Nonce.

[0218] S703: AMF based on K AMF Generate a shared key Ksf. Here, the shared key Ksf can be calculated using a random number Nonce. Since the specific processing method for calculating the shared key has been detailed in the above embodiment, it will not be repeated here.

[0219] S704: The AMF sends a request to trigger the perception service to the gNB related to the perception service, carrying the ID and Ksf of the perception service.

[0220] S705: The AMF sends a request to trigger the perception service to the perception UE, carrying the perception service ID and random number Nonce.

[0221] S706: The gNB generates two sensing sequences; calculates the start flag (flag_start) based on Ksf; extracts four bits from the two sensing sequences based on the start flag, and modulates each extracted four bits using 16QAM to generate a PRS. The specific generation methods for the sensing sequences and start flag are described in detail in the previous embodiment and are not repeated here. S706 and S705 can be performed in any order; for example, S706 can be performed first and then S705, or vice versa.

[0222] S707: UE based on K AMF Generate the shared key Ksf using the same generation method as AMF.

[0223] S708: The UE generates two sensing sequences and calculates the start flag (flag_start) based on Ksf. The sensing sequence and start flag calculation methods are the same as those for the gNB and are not further described.

[0224] S709: The gNB sends a PRS perception signal.

[0225] S710: The target reflected PRS sensing signal is sensed, and the UE and sensing gNB (optional, in a self-transmitting and self-receiving scenario) receive the reflected signal.

[0226] S711: The UE extracts 4 bits from the two sensing sequences in sequence based on the start indicator bit, calculates modulation symbols for each extracted 4 bits using 16QAM, and demodulates the reflected signal based on the modulation symbols. The specific processing method is the same as the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0227] S712: The UE returns the sensing result to the AMF, carrying the ID of the sensing service.

[0228] S713: AMF returns the sensing result (carrying the ID of the sensing service) to SF.

[0229] Optionally, the gNB can also demodulate the reflected signal and return the sensing result (including the ID of the sensing service) to the AMF. The gNB can directly perform demodulation based on the locally generated modulation symbols. The specific implementation process is similar to the relevant demodulation processing of the UE and is not repeated here.

[0230] Optionally, in the above S704, the AMF sends a request to trigger the perception service to the gNB related to the perception service, which may carry the ID, Ksf, and random number Nonce of the perception service.

[0231] In this case, the AMF does not execute S705; instead, the gNB sends a request to trigger the awareness service to the UE, carrying the ID of the awareness service and the random number Nonce. The timing when the gNB sends the request to trigger the awareness service to the UE is before S707 and is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0232] Furthermore, in this case, S712 executed by the UE can be replaced by the UE returning the perception result to the gNB, and the gNB reports the UE's perception result in combination with the identification of the perception service to the AMF.

[0233] Optionally, the above steps S707 and S709 may be executed in any order, for example, S709 may be executed before S707, that is, S709 may be executed first, and the UE may execute S707 to S708 after receiving the reflected perception signal.

[0234] Example 2: In the roaming scenario, SF is in the HPLMN, and AUSF is the perception anchor function, which can be combined based on the Kseaf key stored in AUSF. In this embodiment, the messages between AUSF and UE, as well as the messages between AUSF and gNB can be forwarded through AMF. AMF only forwards messages, so it is not illustrated. This embodiment is different from the above-mentioned Example 1 only in the calculation method of the shared key. This embodiment replaces the calculation of the shared key using Kseaf. The rest of the processing is the same as Example 1, so it is not repeated.

[0235] It should be noted that the first and second embodiments are only exemplary. In actual processing, the AMF or AUSF in the first or second embodiment can also be replaced by other core network devices, such as AKMA, GBA server, AF / SF, etc.; accordingly, the key used to calculate the perception key in the first or second embodiment is replaced by K AKMA , K AF , K Snaf, , K SF And so on, I will not repeat them here.

[0236] In a non-roaming scenario, the PDCP / UPF serves as the anchor point function for sensing services. A specific scheme for calculating the shared key Ksf based on the KeNB (or KgNB) key shared by the gNB and the UE is shown in FIG8 , including:

[0237] S801: The SF sends a request to trigger the sensing service to the gNB related to the sensing service, carrying the sensing service ID. Messages between the gNB and the SF may be forwarded by the UPF / AMF, which performs forwarding functions. Therefore, the AMF / UPF is not shown in Figure 8.

[0238] It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description, and in actual processing, S801 may also be replaced by other processing.

[0239] Optionally, S801 may be replaced by the UE (the UE that triggers the sensing service) sending a request to the gNB to trigger the sensing service, including the ID of the sensing service. Accordingly, S811 may subsequently return the sensing result to the gNB or the UE that triggers the sensing service for the UE (sensing).

[0240] Optionally, S801 may be replaced by the SF sending or updating security configuration information (or configuration information) to the gNB, where the security configuration information (or configuration information) carries the ID of the sensing service. This may occur during the execution of the sensing service between the current sensing UE and the gNB, for example, when the PRS generation parameters need to be updated, the SF sends or updates the security configuration information (or configuration information) to the gNB.

[0241] Optionally, S801 may be replaced by the UE (the UE that triggers the awareness service) sending or updating security configuration information (or configuration information) to the gNB, where the security configuration information (or configuration information) carries the ID of the awareness service. This situation may occur during the execution of the awareness service between the current awareness UE and the gNB. For example, when the PRS generation parameters need to be updated, the UE that triggers the awareness service sends or updates the security configuration information (or configuration information) to the gNB. Subsequently, S811 may be performed on the UE to return the awareness result to the gNB or the UE that triggers the awareness service.

[0242] Optionally, S801 can be replaced by the gNB directly triggering the perception service, for example, the gNB itself obtains the ID of the perception service and then executes S802.

[0243] Optionally, S801 can be replaced by the gNB triggering the execution of S802 during the process of performing the perception service between the current perception UE and the gNB, for example, when the generation parameters of the PRS need to be updated.

[0244] S802: The gNB generates a random number Nonce.

[0245] S803: The gNB sends a request to the UE to trigger the sensing service, carrying the sensing service ID and the random number Nonce. Optionally, this message can also be sent before sending the sensing signal PRS (e.g., any time before step S807).

[0246] S804: The gNB generates a shared key Ksf based on KgNB. A random number Nonce may be used to calculate Ksf. The specific calculation method is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not further described.

[0247] S805 is the same as S706 in the first embodiment and is not described in detail.

[0248] S806: After receiving the previous message, the UE generates a shared key Ksf based on the KgNB. The UE generates the shared key Ksf in the same way as the gNB.

[0249] S807 is the same as S708 in the first embodiment and is not described in detail. Optionally, the UE may also execute S807 after receiving the reflected signal.

[0250] S808 to S810 are the same as S709 to S711 in the first embodiment, and are not described again.

[0251] S811: The UE returns the sensing result to the gNB, carrying the ID of the sensing service.

[0252] S812: The gNB returns the sensing result to the SF, including the ID of the sensing service. Messages between the gNB and SF may be forwarded by the UPF, which performs forwarding functions. The UPF may also process the sensing result locally.

[0253] Optionally, the gNB can also demodulate the reflected signal and return the sensing result (including the ID of the sensing service) to the AMF. The gNB can directly perform demodulation based on the locally generated modulation symbols. The specific implementation process is similar to the relevant demodulation processing of the UE and is not repeated here.

[0254] By adopting the solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, the downlink sensing signal is generated by extracting bits from the sensing sequence based on a start flag bit, and the start flag bit is calculated based on a shared key between the sender and the receiver. Thus, the start flag bit calculated using the shared key can conceal the arrangement of the bits extracted from the sensing sequence. Only a receiving end with the same shared key can correctly measure the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal and obtain a sensing result, thereby improving the security of the downlink sensing signal itself and ensuring the security of the sensing scenario.

[0255] Furthermore, the above scheme uses a modulation method of 16QAM or above to modulate the perception sequence, which increases the modulation order. Under the same initial bit condition, the generated symbol length will become shorter after the modulation order is increased. Therefore, the above scheme further generates multiple perception sequences, thereby using a higher modulation order and ensuring that the length of the generated sequence remains unchanged. This can increase the overall confidentiality space of the downlink perception signal (such as PRS). Analogously to the security of cryptography, it can achieve or exceed the security of 128 bits based on cryptography. In the original protocol, the modulation mapping is performed sequentially starting from the 0th bit of a perception sequence; the scheme provided by this application is based on a key shared only by the terminal and the access network device to calculate the starting flag bit, and extract multiple bits from the perception sequence starting from the starting flag bit for modulation mapping. Since only the terminal and the access network device can calculate the same starting flag bit, the starting flag bit is confidential. The attacker needs to traverse all values ​​of c(n) to determine the position from which c(n) starts modulation mapping, thereby increasing the possibility space and ensuring the security of the downlink perception signal.

[0256] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0257] The first communication unit 901 is configured to receive an echo signal of a downlink perception signal, where the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0258] As shown in FIG9 , the terminal further includes:

[0259] The first processing unit 902 is configured to extract multiple bits from the one or more sensing sequences based on the one or more start flag bits; and demodulate an echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a sensing result.

[0260] The first processing unit is configured to calculate a modulation symbol from the multiple bits using a first modulation method; and demodulate an echo signal of the downlink perception signal based on the modulation symbol to obtain the perception result.

[0261] The first modulation mode is quadrature amplitude modulation QAM.

[0262] The one or more start flags include a start flag, and the start flag corresponds to the one or more perception sequences.

[0263] The one or more start flag bits include multiple start flag bits, and different start flag bits in the multiple start flag bits are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

[0264] The one or more perception sequences include multiple perception sequences, and different start flags in the multiple start flags correspond to different perception sequences.

[0265] The one or more sensing sequences include a sensing sequence, and the multiple start flag bits correspond to the sensing sequence.

[0266] The one or more perception sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, wherein different perception sequences correspond to different generation parameters.

[0267] The generation parameter is determined based on at least one of the following: a configuration parameter, the shared key, one or more key interception ranges, and one or more calculation parameters.

[0268] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0269] The second communication unit 1001 is configured to send a downlink perception signal, where the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

[0270] The downlink perception signal is generated based on a modulation symbol, where the modulation symbol is calculated using a first modulation method on a plurality of bits extracted from the one or more perception sequences based on the one or more start flag bits.

[0271] The first modulation mode is quadrature amplitude modulation QAM.

[0272] The one or more start flags include a start flag, and the start flag corresponds to the one or more perception sequences.

[0273] The one or more start flag bits include multiple start flag bits, and different start flag bits in the multiple start flag bits are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

[0274] The one or more perception sequences include multiple perception sequences, and different start flags in the multiple start flags correspond to different perception sequences.

[0275] The one or more sensing sequences include a sensing sequence, and the multiple start flag bits correspond to the sensing sequence.

[0276] The one or more perception sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, wherein different perception sequences correspond to different generation parameters.

[0277] The generation parameter is determined based on at least one of the following: a configuration parameter, the shared key, one or more key interception ranges, and one or more calculation parameters.

[0278] The device of the embodiment of the present application can realize the corresponding functions of each device in the aforementioned communication method embodiment. The processes, functions, implementation methods and beneficial effects corresponding to each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the device can be found in the corresponding description in the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described by each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the device of the embodiment of the application can be implemented by different modules (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.).

[0279] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1100 includes a processor 1110, which can call and execute a computer program from a memory to enable the communication device 1100 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0280] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1100 may further include a memory 1120. The processor 1110 may call and run a computer program from the memory 1120 so that the communication device 1100 implements the method in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 1120 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1110, or may be integrated into the processor 1110. In one possible implementation, the communication device 1100 may further include a transceiver 1130, and the processor 1110 may control the transceiver 1130 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 1130 may send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 1130 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 1130 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0281] An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, comprising: a processor; a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the terminal to perform the following steps: receiving an echo signal of a downlink perception signal, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and an access network device.

[0282] An embodiment of the present application provides an access network device, comprising: a processor, and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being used to store instructions, where when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the access network device to execute: sending a downlink perception signal, wherein the downlink perception signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more perception sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key between a terminal and the access network device.

[0283] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0284] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0285] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method executed by a terminal, comprising: Receiving an echo signal of a downlink sensing signal, wherein the downlink sensing signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more sensing sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key of the terminal and an access network device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: Extracting multiple bits from the one or more sensing sequences based on the one or more start flag bits; Demodulating the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a sensing result.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The demodulating the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a sensing result comprises: Calculating modulation symbols for the multiple bits using a first modulation method; Demodulating the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the modulation symbols to obtain the sensing result.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The first modulation method is quadrature amplitude modulation QAM.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The one or more start flag bits include one start flag bit, and the start flag bit corresponds to the one or more sensing sequences.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The one or more start flag bits include multiple start flag bits, and different start flag bits among the multiple start flag bits are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include multiple sensing sequences, and different start flag bits among the multiple start flag bits correspond to different sensing sequences.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include one sensing sequence, and the multiple start flag bits correspond to the sensing sequence.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, wherein different generation parameters correspond to different sensing sequences.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The generation parameters are determined based on at least one of the following: configuration parameters, the shared key, one or more key truncation ranges, and one or more calculation parameters.

11. A communication method executed by an access network device, comprising: Sending a downlink sensing signal, wherein the downlink sensing signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more sensing sequences based on one or more start flag bits, and the one or more start flag bits are calculated based on a shared key of a terminal and the access network device.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The downlink sensing signal is generated based on modulation symbols, and the modulation symbols are calculated by using a first modulation method for multiple bits extracted from the one or more sensing sequences based on the one or more start flag bits.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The first modulation method is quadrature amplitude modulation QAM.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 - 13, wherein, The one or more start flag bits include one start flag bit, and the start flag bit corresponds to the one or more sensing sequences.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein, The one or more start flag bits include multiple start flag bits, and different start flag bits among the multiple start flag bits are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include multiple sensing sequences, and different start flag bits among the multiple start flag bits correspond to different sensing sequences.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include one sensing sequence, and the multiple start flag bits correspond to the sensing sequence.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11-17, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, where different sensing sequences correspond to different generation parameters.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein, The generation parameters are determined based on at least one of the following: configuration parameters, the shared key, one or more key intercept ranges, and one or more calculation parameters.

20. A terminal, comprising: A first communication unit, configured to receive an echo signal of a downlink sensing signal, where the downlink sensing signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more sensing sequences based on one or more start flags, and the one or more start flags are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and an access network device.

21. The terminal according to claim 20, wherein, The terminal further comprises: A first processing unit, configured to extract multiple bits from the one or more sensing sequences based on the one or more start flags; and demodulate the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the multiple bits to obtain a sensing result.

22. The terminal according to claim 21, wherein, The first processing unit is configured to calculate modulation symbols based on the multiple bits using a first modulation method; Demodulate the echo signal of the downlink sensing signal based on the modulation symbols to obtain the sensing result.

23. The terminal according to claim 22, wherein, The first modulation method is quadrature amplitude modulation QAM.

24. The terminal according to any one of claims 20-23, wherein, The one or more start flags include one start flag, and the start flag corresponds to the one or more sensing sequences.

25. The terminal according to any one of claims 20-23, wherein, The one or more start flags include multiple start flags, and different start flags among the multiple start flags are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

26. The terminal according to claim 25, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include multiple sensing sequences, and different start flags among the multiple start flags correspond to different sensing sequences.

27. The terminal according to claim 25, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include one sensing sequence, and the multiple start flags correspond to the sensing sequence.

28. The terminal according to any one of claims 20-27, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, where different sensing sequences correspond to different generation parameters.

29. The terminal according to claim 28, wherein, The generation parameters are determined based on at least one of the following: configuration parameters, the shared key, one or more key intercept ranges, and one or more calculation parameters.

30. An access network device, comprising: A second communication unit, configured to send a downlink sensing signal, where the downlink sensing signal is calculated based on multiple bits extracted from one or more sensing sequences based on one or more start flags, and the one or more start flags are calculated based on a shared key between the terminal and the access network device.

31. The access network device according to claim 30, wherein, The downlink sensing signal is generated based on modulation symbols, and the modulation symbols are calculated by using a first modulation method for multiple bits extracted from the one or more sensing sequences based on the one or more start flags.

32. The access network device according to claim 31, wherein, The first modulation method is quadrature amplitude modulation QAM.

33. The access network device according to any one of claims 30-32, wherein, The one or more start flags include one start flag, and the start flag corresponds to the one or more sensing sequences.

34. The access network device according to any one of claims 30-32, wherein, The one or more start flags include multiple start flags, and different start flags among the multiple start flags are calculated based on the shared key and different offset values.

35. The access network device according to claim 34, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include a plurality of sensing sequences, and different starting flag bits among the plurality of starting flag bits correspond to different sensing sequences.

36. The access network device according to claim 34, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences include one sensing sequence, and the plurality of starting flag bits correspond to the sensing sequence.

37. The access network device according to any one of claims 30-36, wherein, The one or more sensing sequences are generated based on one or more generation parameters, wherein different generation parameters correspond to different sensing sequences.

38. The access network device according to claim 37, wherein, The generation parameters are determined based on at least one of the following: configuration parameters, the shared key, one or more key intercept ranges, and one or more calculation parameters.

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