Automobile standby battery parallel control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a kind of automobile backup battery parallel control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, it is related to vehicle technical field, by when detecting that main battery power is lower than first preset threshold, trigger switching process, and in switching process, first by energy storage unit for load provides transient electric energy again sequentially complete main battery disconnect, backup battery access and energy storage unit exit, simultaneously when generator starts and main battery power is lower than second preset threshold, preferentially charge for main battery until its power recovers to third preset threshold after executing back operation, therefore, it can solve the problems that power supply is interrupted in switching moment in prior art, main battery cannot be preferentially charged when power is depleted, and cannot be automatically back to restore main battery power supply mode, achieve the technical effects of seamless switching of main and backup battery, guarantee load power supply continuity, preferentially maintain main battery health status and automatically restore main battery power supply mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for parallel control of automotive backup batteries, electronic equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] As an important vehicle type that combines heavy-duty freight, outdoor work, and camping, new energy pickup trucks require onboard power supply systems that can meet the tiered power demands of equipment such as cold chain temperature control, high-power tools, and parking air conditioning. Related technologies utilize the coordinated operation of a generator, main battery, and backup battery to construct a dual-battery parallel control system based on an isolator. Specifically, this system covers the entire process from parallel charging to discharge isolation, including key aspects such as voltage sensing, ACC control, and delayed on / off switching, aiming to avoid circulating current problems caused by direct parallel connection of the two batteries.

[0003] However, existing isolator control methods directly use a single voltage threshold for switching decisions, without incorporating multi-parameter joint detection and intelligent management strategies. This can lead to power interruptions during switching, causing onboard electronic devices to restart or lose data, or causing erroneous and frequent switching due to voltage fluctuations, thus affecting the continuity and reliability of the power supply system. Furthermore, the main and backup batteries remain isolated during discharge, making it impossible for them to work together to meet the demands of high-power loads, thus limiting the vehicle's power consumption capabilities in complex scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for parallel control of automotive backup batteries, as well as electronic devices and storage media. Its main objective is to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a method for parallel control of a vehicle backup battery is provided, comprising: The battery management system detects the power status of the main battery. When the power of the main battery is lower than the first preset threshold, the switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered. During the switching process, the energy storage unit provides instantaneous power to the load, and the connection between the main battery and the load bus is disconnected in sequence, the backup battery is connected to the load bus, and the connection between the energy storage unit and the load bus is disconnected, thereby realizing the power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery. When the generator is detected to be running and the main battery charge is lower than the second preset threshold, the generator is controlled to charge the main battery first until the main battery charge is restored to the third preset threshold. After the main battery's power is restored to the third preset threshold, a switchback operation is performed from the backup battery to the main battery to restore the main battery to power the load.

[0006] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a parallel control device for automotive backup batteries is provided, comprising: The detection unit is used to detect the power status of the main battery through the battery management system. When the power of the main battery is lower than the first preset threshold, the switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered. The switching unit is used to provide instantaneous power to the load through the energy storage unit during the switching process, and sequentially disconnect the main battery from the load bus, connect the backup battery to the load bus, and disconnect the energy storage unit from the load bus to realize the power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery. The control unit is used to control the generator to charge the main battery first when it is detected that the generator is started and the main battery power is lower than the second preset threshold, until the main battery power is restored to the third preset threshold. The execution unit is used to perform a switchback operation from the backup battery to the main battery after the main battery's power level is restored to the third preset threshold, so as to restore the main battery to power the load.

[0007] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are configured to cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect above.

[0010] The parallel control method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium for automotive backup batteries disclosed herein trigger a switching process when the main battery charge is detected to be below a first preset threshold. During the switching process, the energy storage unit first provides instantaneous power to the load, and then the main battery is disconnected, the backup battery is connected, and the energy storage unit is disconnected in sequence. At the same time, when the generator starts and the main battery charge is below a second preset threshold, the main battery is charged first until its charge is restored to a third preset threshold, and then a switchback operation is performed. Therefore, it can solve the problems in the prior art where there is a power interruption during switching, the main battery cannot be given priority charging protection when it is low on charge, and the main battery cannot be automatically switched back to restore power supply. It achieves the technical effects of seamless switching between main and backup batteries, ensuring the continuity of power supply to the load, prioritizing the maintenance of the main battery's health status, and automatically restoring the main battery power supply mode.

[0011] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this solution and do not constitute a limitation of this disclosure. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a parallel control method for automotive backup batteries provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parallel control device for automotive backup batteries provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device provided for embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0014] The embodiments disclosed herein, at every technical stage of the data lifecycle, including but not limited to data collection, transmission, storage, computation, use, disclosure, and destruction, are fundamentally based on strict adherence to and embedding of current laws, regulations, and regulatory requirements in their system architecture, protocols, and process controls. At the design level, the solution ensures, through systematic rules and strategies, that all processing activities automatically adhere to the principles of legality, legitimacy, necessity, and good faith, and technically implements core rules such as clear purpose, minimum necessity, transparency, and security.

[0015] For any data collection, processing, or other activities involved in the embodiments of this disclosure, corresponding verification, tracking, and constraint mechanisms are implemented at the system level to ensure that their execution has a clear legal basis or contractual foundation, and to automatically trigger and record the corresponding notification process. The processing purpose of related data is bound to its specific use at the metadata layer, and is strictly limited through the system's embedded flow strategy and access control model, thereby ensuring that data is accessed and used only within the scope necessary to achieve the initial collection purpose and as determined by technical criteria. The system has a multi-layered authorization management and compliance audit mechanism to ensure that related data will not be used for any other purpose without separate legal permission or valid separate consent from the information subject. This solution natively supports and protects the information subject's various legal rights to their data in its technical implementation, and provides standardized interfaces and automated processes to achieve efficient exercise of these rights.

[0016] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, outlines an embodiment of a method and apparatus for parallel control of automotive backup batteries, an electronic device, and a storage medium.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a parallel control method for automotive backup batteries provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step 101: The battery management system detects the power status of the main battery. When the power of the main battery is lower than the first preset threshold, the switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered.

[0019] In the embodiments of this disclosure, during normal vehicle operation, the microcontroller unit acquires the state-of-charge (SOC) parameters of the main battery in real time or periodically through the battery management system. These SOC parameters include at least the state of charge (SBC) representing the remaining capacity of the main battery and a voltage value representing its terminal voltage level. The microcontroller unit compares the acquired SOC parameters with a preset first threshold. The first preset threshold is a lower boundary condition for determining whether the main battery has sufficient charge; its specific value can be calibrated according to the type and health of the main battery, as well as the vehicle's power consumption requirements. When the microcontroller unit determines that the current charge of the main battery is lower than the first preset threshold, it considers that the main battery can no longer independently and stably meet the continuous power supply requirements of the load, and automatically triggers the process of switching from main battery power supply to backup battery power supply. As an example and not a limitation, in practical applications, the microcontroller unit can be set with dual determination logic: the switching is only confirmed after the main battery's SBC drops below 20% and the terminal voltage is simultaneously below 350 volts, and remains stable for a certain period (e.g., 3 seconds), to avoid false triggering due to instantaneous load fluctuations.

[0020] Step 102: In the switching process, the energy storage unit provides instantaneous power to the load, and sequentially disconnects the main battery from the load bus, connects the backup battery to the load bus, and disconnects the energy storage unit from the load bus to achieve the power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery.

[0021] In embodiments of this disclosure, in response to the switching process triggered in step 101, the microcontroller first controls the energy storage unit to connect to the load bus. The energy storage unit is a power storage element with rapid charging and discharging capabilities, such as a supercapacitor or a high-rate battery, which is pre-charged to a level matching the load bus voltage during normal system operation. The instantaneous connection of the energy storage unit allows it to independently release power to the load bus within a very short time window between the main battery disconnection and the backup battery connection, thereby maintaining load voltage stability. Subsequently, the microcontroller controls the disconnection of the connection loop between the main battery and the load bus, causing the main battery to exit the power supply state. After confirming that the main battery has been disconnected, the microcontroller immediately controls the closure of the connection loop between the backup battery and the load bus, allowing the backup battery to connect and assume the entire power supply task for the load. Finally, after the backup battery's power supply state stabilizes (e.g., by detecting the continuous stability of the load bus voltage or confirming it after a delay), the microcontroller controls the disconnection of the energy storage unit from the load bus, causing it to exit operation and wait for the next switchover or recharge for backup. Through the aforementioned timing control of "energy storage unit pre-connection - main battery disconnection - backup battery connection - energy storage unit exit", seamless switching of power supply roles between the main and backup batteries is achieved.

[0022] Step 103: When the generator is detected to be running and the main battery charge is lower than the second preset threshold, the generator is controlled to charge the main battery first until the main battery charge is restored to the third preset threshold.

[0023] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller unit continuously monitors the operating status of the on-board generator. The generator is typically driven by the vehicle's engine or drive motor. When it starts and generates electricity normally, the microcontroller unit obtains start-up confirmation via a voltage sensor or generator status signal. Simultaneously, the microcontroller unit continues to monitor the state of charge of the main battery and compares it with a second preset threshold. The second preset threshold is used to determine whether the main battery is in a depleted state requiring priority charging; its value may be equal to or different from a first preset threshold. When the microcontroller unit determines that the generator is running and the current charge level of the main battery is lower than the second preset threshold, it activates the priority charging logic for the main battery. Under this logic, the microcontroller unit controls the generator to output electrical energy, which is then delivered to the main battery via the charging circuit. During charging, the microcontroller unit monitors the state of charge of the main battery in real time until it recovers to a third preset threshold. The third preset threshold is an upper boundary condition representing that the main battery has recovered to a healthy charge level; its value is typically higher than the first and second preset thresholds. As an example rather than a limitation, in practical applications, to suppress the large current surge at startup, the microcontroller unit can first control the pre-charge circuit (such as a series current-limiting resistor) to perform soft-start charging of the main battery. After the main battery voltage and the generator output voltage tend to be balanced, it can then switch to the main charging circuit for high-current fast charging.

[0024] Step 104: After the main battery's power level is restored to the third preset threshold, a switchback operation is performed from the backup battery to the main battery to restore the main battery to power the load.

[0025] In the embodiments of this disclosure, after the charging process in step 103 is completed, the microcontroller determines that the main battery's charge level has met the third preset threshold, and the main battery is capable of resuming its role as the main power supply. At this time, the microcontroller automatically executes the switchback operation from the backup battery to the main battery. The control logic of this switchback operation is similar to the switching process in step S102, also relying on an energy storage unit to ensure the continuity of power supply: the microcontroller first controls the energy storage unit to connect to the load bus to provide instantaneous power, then disconnects the backup battery from the load bus, subsequently closes the connection between the main battery and the load bus, and finally disconnects the energy storage unit. Through this switchback operation, the load power supply role is restored from the backup battery to the main battery, and the system returns to the normal operating mode where the main battery prioritizes power supply. Throughout the switchback process, the voltage on the load bus remains continuous and stable, without interruption or drop due to the change of power supply.

[0026] The parallel control method for automotive backup batteries disclosed herein triggers a switching process when the main battery charge is detected to be below a first preset threshold. During the switching process, the energy storage unit first provides instantaneous power to the load, and then the main battery is disconnected, the backup battery is connected, and the energy storage unit is disconnected in sequence. At the same time, when the generator starts and the main battery charge is below a second preset threshold, the main battery is charged first until its charge is restored to a third preset threshold, and then a switchback operation is performed. Therefore, it can solve the problems in the prior art where there is a power interruption during switching, the main battery cannot be given priority charging protection when it is low on charge, and the main battery cannot be automatically switched back to restore power supply. It achieves the technical effects of seamless switching between main and backup batteries, ensuring the continuity of power supply to the load, prioritizing the maintenance of the main battery's health status, and automatically restoring the main battery power supply mode.

[0027] In the embodiments involved in this application, there are various feasible specific implementation methods. To clearly and completely illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, the implementation methods listed below are merely exemplary and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. That is, in addition to the implementation methods described below, other implementation methods that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical content disclosed in this disclosure through reasonable logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation should also be covered within the scope of protection of this disclosure. The following specifically describes some exemplary implementation methods: As a specific implementation of this disclosure, based on the basic scheme, when the main battery's charge level is lower than a first preset threshold, a switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered. This is further defined as follows: the battery management system collects the main battery's state of charge and terminal voltage in real time, and compares the state of charge and terminal voltage with preset judgment criteria; when the state of charge and terminal voltage simultaneously meet the preset low charge judgment conditions, monitoring continues until the conditions remain stable for a preset duration, at which point it is determined that the main battery's charge is insufficient, and the switching process is triggered.

[0028] Specifically, the microcontroller unit continuously collects the state of charge (SOC) and terminal voltage (U) of the main battery at preset intervals (e.g., 100 milliseconds) through the battery management system. The preset low-charge criteria are configured as follows: SOC ≤ 20% and terminal voltage U ≤ 350V. To avoid false triggering due to sudden load changes or measurement noise, the microcontroller unit employs a "continuous stability monitoring" logic: when SOC ≤ 20% and U ≤ 350V are detected for the first time, a switchover is not immediately triggered; instead, a timer is started to continue monitoring data from subsequent sampling points. Only when both conditions are consistently met within a 3-second time window (i.e., SOC ≤ 20% and U ≤ 350V at all sampling points within 3 seconds) does the microcontroller unit finally confirm that the main battery is low on power and output a switchover trigger signal. If SOC > 20% or U > 350V occurs at any sampling point during the 3-second monitoring period, the timer is reset, and the system waits for the next condition to be met. In an optional personalized configuration mode, the aforementioned 20% and 350V thresholds allow users to fine-tune them within a safe range. For example, the SOC threshold can be adjusted from 15% to 25%, and the voltage threshold can be adjusted from 340V to 360V, to adapt to different battery aging levels or power supply strategy requirements of different vehicle models.

[0029] Through the above-mentioned dual-parameter joint judgment and continuous stability detection mechanism, this embodiment effectively filters out non-steady-state power jumps caused by generator voltage fluctuations and instantaneous access of high-power loads, avoids false triggering of switching when the actual battery capacity is still sufficient, significantly reduces the number of invalid switching in the system, thereby reducing contactor mechanical wear and unnecessary battery charge-discharge cycles, and extending the overall service life of the system.

[0030] As a specific embodiment of this disclosure, based on the basic scheme, an energy storage unit provides instantaneous power to the load, and sequentially disconnects the main battery from the load bus, connects the backup battery to the load bus, and disconnects the energy storage unit from the load bus to achieve power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery. Further, this is defined as follows: controlling the closing of the energy storage unit contactor to connect the pre-charged energy storage unit to the load bus, providing instantaneous power to the load and maintaining uninterrupted power supply; within a first preset time interval after the energy storage unit contactor is closed, controlling the disconnection of the main battery power supply contactor to cut off the main battery's power supply circuit, causing the main battery to withdraw from load power supply; subsequently, controlling the closing of the backup battery power supply contactor to connect the backup battery to the load bus, with the backup battery then providing power to the load; after confirming stable power supply from the backup battery, controlling the disconnection of the energy storage unit contactor to deactivate the energy storage unit.

[0031] Specifically, the microcontroller outputs a high-level drive signal to the coil of the energy storage unit contactor (K5), causing the main contacts of K5 to close, and the supercapacitor module immediately connects to the load bus. Since the terminal voltage of the supercapacitor is approximately equal to the load bus voltage, no inrush current is generated at the moment of connection. Next, a timer begins after K5 closes. When the timer reaches the first preset time interval (set to 1 millisecond), the microcontroller outputs a disconnect signal to the main battery power supply contactor (K1), causing the main contacts of K1 to open, physically isolating the main battery from the load bus. This 1-millisecond delay ensures that the supercapacitor has stably taken over the load current before the main battery is disconnected, achieving a seamless power supply transition. Subsequently, after confirming that K1 is completely disconnected (which can be confirmed by detecting the status of the K1 auxiliary contacts or by a delay), the microcontroller immediately outputs a closing signal to the backup battery power supply contactor (K2), connecting the backup battery to the load bus. After the backup battery is connected, the microcontroller confirms that the backup battery is providing stable power by detecting whether the load bus voltage is stable within a preset range (e.g., voltage fluctuation less than ±1%). Once stability is confirmed, the microcontroller outputs a disconnect signal to K5, causing the supercapacitor to stop working and completing the entire switching process.

[0032] Through the aforementioned contactor-coordinated timing control accurate to the millisecond level, this embodiment compresses the load power interruption time during the main / backup battery switching process to within the mechanical delay range of the contactor action (measured to be less than 1 millisecond), which is far lower than the power outage threshold that conventional vehicle electronic devices (such as dashcams and navigation hosts) can tolerate (usually 10-50 milliseconds), thereby completely eliminating the risk of device restart or data loss caused by switching.

[0033] As a specific embodiment of this disclosure, based on the basic scheme, the generator is controlled to prioritize charging the main battery until the main battery's charge level recovers to a third preset threshold. This is further defined as follows: The generator's starting status and the main battery's terminal voltage are detected by sensors. When the generator is detected to be running and the main battery's terminal voltage is lower than a preset value, a pre-charging contactor is closed, allowing the generator's output power to charge the main battery with current-limited power through a pre-charging resistor to prevent large current surges. The difference between the main battery's terminal voltage and the generator's output voltage is continuously monitored. When the voltage difference decreases to less than or equal to a preset safety difference, the main charging contactor is closed and the pre-charging contactor is opened, allowing the generator's output power to directly charge the main battery with a large current. During the charging process, the main battery's state of charge is continuously monitored. When the main battery's state of charge recovers to meet the third preset threshold, the large current fast charging is stopped.

[0034] Specifically, the microcontroller unit acquires the generator output voltage U in real time through a voltage sensor. alt and main battery terminal voltage U bat The preset charging trigger condition is: Ubat <350V. When the conditions are met, the microcontroller first closes the pre-charge contactor K4, and the generator current flows to the main battery through the pre-charge resistor R1 (resistance value, for example, 10Ω, power 100W), achieving current-limited charging. The initial charging current is limited to I. max = (U alt - U bat R1, typically not exceeding 30A, effectively prevents damage to the battery plates and contactors from excessive inrush current. During pre-charging, the microcontroller calculates the voltage difference ΔU = |U| in 10-millisecond cycles. alt - U bat The preset safety differential is set to 0.5V. When ΔU ≤ 0.5V is continuously detected and remains stable for 100 milliseconds, the microcontroller performs the following operations: closes the main charging contactor K3 and simultaneously opens the pre-charging contactor K4. At this time, the generator output current flows directly into the main battery through K3. Since the resistance of the K3 circuit is extremely small (usually less than 1mΩ), the charging current can rise to the generator's rated output capacity (e.g., 200A), achieving high-current fast charging. During fast charging, the microcontroller obtains the main battery's state of charge (SOC) in real time through the battery management system and continuously compares it with the third preset threshold (SOC ≥ 80% and U...). bat Compare with (≥ 13.2V). When the SOC first reaches 80% and U bat When the voltage reaches 13.2V, the microcontroller determines that charging is complete, disconnects the main charging contactor K3, and stops charging. If the generator stops operating during this period, the microcontroller will also immediately disconnect all charging contactors.

[0035] By employing the two-stage charging strategy of "pre-charging with current limiting followed by high-current direct charging," this embodiment avoids the high-current surge caused by direct parallel charging when the main battery is deeply depleted (protecting the battery and power devices), and quickly switches to a high-efficiency high-current charging mode after voltage balance, significantly shortening the charging time for the main battery to recover from depletion to a healthy charge, and ensuring the priority switching efficiency of the main battery.

[0036] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, based on the basic scheme, a switchback operation from the backup battery to the main battery is performed to restore the main battery to power the load. This is further defined as follows: when the system is in the backup battery power supply phase and the generator startup status meets preset conditions, the generator is controlled to continue charging the main battery until the main battery's charge level is restored to meet a third preset threshold. After the main battery's charge level meets the third preset threshold, the energy storage unit contactor is sequentially closed, the backup battery power supply contactor is opened, the main battery power supply contactor is closed, and the energy storage unit contactor is opened, switching the load power supply from the backup battery back to the main battery. After the switchback operation is completed, the system returns to the normal operating mode where the main battery powers the load.

[0037] Specifically, the microcontroller first determines the current system state: the system is in a mode where the backup battery BT2 supplies power to the load, and the generator has been detected to have started via sensor MT1. The preset generator start-up conditions are configured as follows: generator output voltage U... alt ≥ 365V (This threshold is higher than the normal voltage of the main battery, ensuring that the generator has entered a stable power generation state). Once the condition is met, the microcontroller invokes the charging control process described in the third dependent claim to prioritize the delivery of generator output power to the main battery BT1 for charging. During the charging process, the microcontroller continuously monitors the state of charge and terminal voltage of the main battery until it meets the third preset threshold (SOC ≥ 80% and U...). bat (≥ 350V). After confirming the main battery power has been restored, the microcontroller executes the switchback sequence: First, it closes the energy storage unit contactor K5 to connect the pre-charged supercapacitor C2 to the load bus; Second, within 1 millisecond after K5 closes, it disconnects the backup battery power supply contactor K2, causing BT2 to disconnect from power supply; Third, immediately after K2 disconnects, it closes the main battery power supply contactor K1, causing BT1 to reconnect to the load bus; Fourth, after confirming that K1 is closed and the load bus voltage is stable, it disconnects K5, causing the supercapacitor to disconnect. Through the above four-stage operation, the load power supply role smoothly switches from the backup battery back to the main battery, and the system returns to the main battery priority power supply mode.

[0038] By detecting the generator voltage stability threshold (≥365V) as a prerequisite for switchback, it is ensured that switchback charging is only initiated when the generator has sufficient charging capacity, avoiding inefficient charging or generator overload caused by blindly charging when the generator output is insufficient. At the same time, the energy storage unit's auxiliary power supply mechanism during the switchback process ensures a seamless transition in power supply role, enabling the system to intelligently and reliably return to a healthy operating state dominated by the main battery.

[0039] As a specific embodiment of this disclosure, in addition to the basic scheme, it further includes: when the load power is detected to exceed the power supply capacity of a single battery, or when a user's instruction to start the parallel mode is received, detecting the voltage difference between the main battery and the backup battery; when the voltage difference is less than or equal to a preset safe voltage difference, sequentially closing the main battery power supply contactor and the backup battery power supply contactor, so that the main battery and the backup battery are connected in parallel to the load bus to jointly supply power to the load; during the parallel power supply, monitoring the discharge current of the main battery and the backup battery in real time, and dynamically adjusting the discharge current of the two batteries to achieve current balance.

[0040] Specifically, the microcontroller unit detects the main battery discharge current I through a current sensor. bt1 and backup battery discharge current I bt2And the voltage U at the two battery terminals is detected by a voltage sensor. bt1 and U bt2 The preset safe voltage difference is set to 0.5V. When the load power demand exceeds the preset power threshold (e.g., 500W, which can be automatically calculated by the system based on the maximum continuous discharge current of a single battery) or when the user triggers the parallel mode command through the human-machine interface, the microcontroller first calculates the voltage difference ΔU. parallel = |U bt1 - U bt2 |. If ΔU parallel If ≤ 0.5V, then the main battery power supply contactor K1 and the backup battery power supply contactor K2 are closed sequentially to connect the two batteries in parallel. If ΔU parallel If the voltage is >0.5V, the microcontroller will not close K2 immediately, but will instead initiate equalization charging: by closing the generator charging circuit (if the generator is running) or controlling the bidirectional DC / DC converter, the low-voltage battery will be briefly charged until ΔU is reached. parallel Once the voltage drops below 0.5V, the parallel operation is then performed. During the parallel discharge process, the microcontroller reads I at 100 millisecond intervals. bt1 and I bt2 Calculate the current deviation rate δ=|I bt1 -I bt2 | / (I bt1 + I bt2 When δ exceeds a preset equalization threshold (e.g., 10%), the microcontroller dynamically adjusts the discharge current distribution between the two batteries by adjusting the PWM duty cycle of the controllable switch connected in series with the battery or by notifying the battery management system to adjust the depth of discharge, so that δ remains within 5%. For example, if I bt1 Significantly greater than I bt2 The microcontroller then reduces the PWM duty cycle of K1 in small steps (e.g., 1%) or instructs the BMS of BT1 to reduce the discharge rate until the two currents tend to balance.

[0041] Through the voltage difference detection and equalization before parallel connection, and the real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment mechanism of current during parallel connection, this embodiment effectively suppresses the parallel circulating current and the unbalanced discharge between batteries, avoids abnormal charging of small-capacity batteries by large-capacity batteries or over-discharging of a certain battery, and significantly improves the safety of dual-battery parallel power supply and the utilization rate of the total output power of the system.

[0042] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, in addition to the basic scheme, it further includes: when the main battery and the backup battery are in parallel power supply state and the generator is in working state, controlling the closed charging circuit contactor so that the generator's output power can simultaneously charge the main battery and the backup battery in parallel state; when the load power is reduced to the range of single battery power supply capacity, or when a user's instruction to close the parallel mode is received, the backup battery power supply contactor and the main battery power supply contactor are disconnected in sequence, so that the dual batteries exit the parallel power supply state and return to the single battery power supply mode.

[0043] Specifically, when the microcontroller detects that the system is currently in a dual-battery parallel power supply mode (i.e., both K1 and K2 are closed), and the generator start signal is valid (U... alt When the voltage is ≥ 365V, the microcontroller further determines whether the dual parallel batteries need to be charged simultaneously. If the average state of charge of the main battery and the backup battery is lower than the preset parallel charging threshold (e.g., SOC), the microcontroller will then determine whether the dual parallel batteries need to be charged simultaneously. avg If the voltage is less than 85%, the microcontroller performs parallel charging: First, it detects the difference between the generator output voltage and the load bus voltage. If the difference is greater than 0.5V, it closes the pre-charging contactor K4 for current-limited pre-charging. After the voltage balances, it closes the main charging contactor K3 and simultaneously opens K4, allowing the generator output current to flow into the load bus through K3. Since K1 and K2 are already closed, the charging current is naturally diverted to the main battery and the backup battery, achieving parallel synchronous charging of the two batteries. During charging, the microcontroller monitors the state of charge (SOC) of both batteries. When the SOC of either battery reaches 100%, the microcontroller sends a stop charging command to the battery's BMS, which internally disconnects the charging circuit without affecting the continued charging of the other battery. When the load power decreases to within the single-cell power supply capacity (e.g., the total load current is detected to be below 80% of the single-cell maximum continuous discharge current for one minute) or the user sends a command to close the parallel mode via the interactive interface, the microcontroller performs the parallel exit operation: First, it disconnects the backup battery power supply contactor K2, causing the backup battery to disconnect, and the load is powered solely by the main battery; then, after a 100-millisecond delay (ensuring that the current has been completely transferred to the main battery circuit), it disconnects the main battery power supply contactor K1 (if a complete power cut is required) or keeps K1 closed to maintain the single-cell power supply mode. If the generator is still operating when exiting, the microcontroller can continue to keep the main charging contactor K3 closed, allowing the generator to continue charging the solely powered main battery.

[0044] Through the above-mentioned parallel charging and deactivation control, this embodiment realizes intelligent switching of power supply mode in multiple scenarios: when the power load is high, the parallel discharge of the dual batteries is enabled to enhance the power supply capacity; when the load decreases, the parallel connection is automatically deactivated to save the backup battery power; and when the generator is working, its remaining power is fully utilized to synchronously replenish the parallel dual batteries, thereby maximizing energy utilization efficiency and system power supply flexibility.

[0045] It should be noted that the embodiments of this disclosure may include multiple steps. For ease of description, these steps are numbered, but these numbers are not a limitation on the execution time slots or execution order between the steps; these steps can be implemented in any order, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this.

[0046] Corresponding to the above-described parallel control method for automotive backup batteries, this disclosure also proposes a parallel control device for automotive backup batteries. Since the device embodiments of this disclosure correspond to the method embodiments described above, details not disclosed in the device embodiments can be referred to the method embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parallel control device for automotive backup batteries provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The detection unit 21 is used to detect the power status of the main battery through the battery management system. When the power of the main battery is lower than the first preset threshold, the switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered. The switching unit 22 is used to provide instantaneous power to the load through the energy storage unit during the switching process, and sequentially disconnect the main battery from the load bus, connect the backup battery to the load bus, and disconnect the energy storage unit from the load bus to realize the power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery. The control unit 23 is used to control the generator to charge the main battery first when it is detected that the generator is started and the main battery power is lower than the second preset threshold, until the main battery power is restored to the third preset threshold. The execution unit 24 is used to perform a switchback operation from the backup battery to the main battery after the main battery's power level is restored to the third preset threshold, so as to restore the main battery to power the load.

[0048] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the method embodiments also applies to the apparatus of this embodiment, and the principle is the same, so it is not limited in this embodiment.

[0049] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0050] Figure 3A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 300 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 includes a computing unit 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in ROM (Read-Only Memory) 302 or a computer program loaded from storage unit 308 into RAM (Random Access Memory) 303. The RAM 303 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 300. The computing unit 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An I / O (Input / Output) interface 305 is also connected to the bus 304.

[0052] Multiple components in electronic device 300 are connected to I / O interface 305, including: input unit 306, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 307, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 308, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 309, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 309 allows electronic device 300 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0053] The computing unit 301 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 301 include, but are not limited to, CPUs (Central Processing Units), GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), various special-purpose AI (Artificial Intelligence) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 301 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the parallel control method for a car backup battery. For example, in some embodiments, the parallel control method for a car backup battery can be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 308. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 300 via ROM 302 and / or communication unit 309. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 303 and executed by the computing unit 301, one or more steps of the methods described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 301 may be configured to perform the aforementioned parallel control method for automotive backup batteries by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0054] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), ASSPs (Application-Specific Standard Products), SOCs (System-on-Chips), CPLDs (Complex Programmable Logic Devices), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0055] The program code used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0056] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, RAM, ROM, EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory) or flash memory, optical fiber, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0057] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube) or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0058] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include LANs (Local Area Networks), WANs (Wide Area Networks), the Internet, and blockchain networks.

[0059] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically separated and typically interact via communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. A server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, a hosting product within the cloud computing service system that addresses the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server) services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability. Servers can also be servers for distributed systems or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0060] It's important to note that artificial intelligence (AI) is the study of enabling computers to simulate certain human thought processes and intelligent behaviors (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, and planning). It encompasses both hardware and software technologies. AI hardware technologies generally include sensors, dedicated AI chips, cloud computing, distributed storage, and big data processing. AI software technologies primarily include computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, machine learning / deep learning, big data processing, and knowledge graph technologies.

[0061] The various numerical designations such as "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor do they indicate a sequential order.

[0062] At least one of the features described in this disclosure can also be described as one or more, and multiple features can be two, three, four or more, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations. In the embodiments of this disclosure, for a technical feature, the technical features in that technical feature are distinguished by "first", "second", "third", "A", "B", "C" and "D", etc., and there is no sequential order or size order among the technical features described by "first", "second", "third", "A", "B", "C" and "D".

[0063] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0064] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for parallel control of automotive backup batteries, characterized in that, include: The battery management system detects the power status of the main battery. When the power of the main battery is lower than a first preset threshold, a switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered. In the switching process, the energy storage unit provides instantaneous power to the load, and the connection between the main battery and the load bus is disconnected in sequence, the backup battery is connected to the load bus, and the connection between the energy storage unit and the load bus is disconnected, thereby realizing the power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery. When the generator is detected to be running and the main battery's charge level is lower than the second preset threshold, the generator is controlled to charge the main battery first until the main battery's charge level is restored to the third preset threshold. After the main battery's power level is restored to the third preset threshold, a switchback operation is performed from the backup battery to the main battery to restore the main battery's power supply to the load.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of triggering a switchover process from the main battery to the backup battery when the main battery's charge level falls below a first preset threshold includes: The battery management system collects the state of charge and terminal voltage of the main battery in real time and compares the state of charge and terminal voltage with preset judgment criteria. When the state of charge and terminal voltage simultaneously meet the preset low battery determination conditions, monitoring continues until the conditions remain stable for a preset duration, at which point it is determined that the main battery power is insufficient, and the switching process is triggered.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of providing instantaneous power to the load through the energy storage unit, and sequentially disconnecting the main battery from the load bus, connecting the backup battery to the load bus, and disconnecting the energy storage unit from the load bus to achieve power switching from the main battery to the backup battery includes: The control closes the energy storage unit contactor, connects the pre-charged energy storage unit to the load bus, provides instantaneous power to the load, and maintains uninterrupted power supply to the load; Within a first preset time interval after the energy storage unit contactor is closed, the main battery power supply contactor is disconnected, cutting off the main battery power supply circuit and causing the main battery to disconnect from the load power supply. Then, the backup battery power supply contactor is closed to connect the backup battery to the load bus, and the backup battery will then supply power to the load. After confirming that the backup battery is providing stable power, the control disconnects the energy storage unit contactor, causing the energy storage unit to stop working.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control generator prioritizes charging the main battery until the main battery's charge level recovers to a third preset threshold, including: The system detects the generator's starting status and the main battery's terminal voltage using sensors. When the generator starts and the main battery's terminal voltage is lower than a preset value, the system controls the closing of the pre-charge contactor. This allows the generator's output power to charge the main battery through the pre-charge resistor in a current-limited manner, preventing large current surges. The difference between the terminal voltage of the main battery and the output voltage of the generator is continuously monitored. When the voltage difference decreases to less than or equal to the preset safety difference, the main charging contactor is closed and the pre-charging contactor is opened, so that the electrical energy output by the generator can directly charge the main battery with a large current. During the charging process, the charge status of the main battery is continuously monitored. When the charge status of the main battery recovers to meet the third preset threshold, the high-current fast charging is stopped.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing a switchback operation from the backup battery to the main battery, restoring the main battery to power the load, includes: When the system is in the backup battery power supply phase and the generator startup status is detected to meet the preset conditions, the generator is controlled to continue charging the main battery until the main battery power is restored to meet the third preset threshold. After the main battery's charge reaches the third preset threshold, the system sequentially controls the closing of the energy storage unit contactor, the opening of the backup battery power supply contactor, the closing of the main battery power supply contactor, and the opening of the energy storage unit contactor to switch the load power supply from the backup battery back to the main battery. After the switchback operation is completed, the system returns to the normal operating mode where the main battery powers the load.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: When the load power exceeds the power supply capacity of a single battery, or when a user command to start parallel mode is received, the voltage difference between the main battery and the backup battery is detected. When the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset safe voltage difference, the main battery power supply contactor and the backup battery power supply contactor are closed in sequence, so that the main battery and the backup battery are connected in parallel to the load bus and jointly power the load. During parallel power supply, the discharge current of the main battery and the backup battery is monitored in real time, and the discharge current of the two batteries is dynamically adjusted to achieve current balance.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: When the main battery and the backup battery are in parallel power supply state and the generator is in working state, the control closes the charging circuit contactor so that the generator's output power can charge the main battery and the backup battery in parallel state at the same time. When the load power drops to the range of single-battery power supply capability, or when a user's instruction to shut down the parallel mode is received, the backup battery power supply contactor and the main battery power supply contactor are disconnected in sequence, so that the dual batteries exit the parallel power supply state and return to the single-battery power supply mode.

8. A parallel control device for automotive backup batteries, characterized in that, include: The detection unit is used to detect the power status of the main battery through the battery management system. When the power of the main battery is lower than a first preset threshold, the switching process from the main battery to the backup battery is triggered. The switching unit is used to provide instantaneous power to the load through the energy storage unit during the switching process, and sequentially disconnect the main battery from the load bus, connect the backup battery to the load bus, and disconnect the energy storage unit from the load bus to realize the power supply switching from the main battery to the backup battery. The control unit is used to control the generator to charge the main battery first when it is detected that the generator is started and the main battery power is lower than a second preset threshold, until the main battery power is restored to a third preset threshold. The execution unit is used to perform a switchback operation from the backup battery to the main battery after the main battery's power level is restored to a third preset threshold, so as to restore the main battery to power the load.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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