A self-checking device for layered compaction degree of narrow site sewage pipeline backfill

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering pipeline construction quality detection, and particularly discloses a layered compactness self-checking device for backfilling of a sewage pipeline in a narrow site, which comprises a moving seat and further comprises: two handles fixedly installed on the top of the moving seat near the left and right sides; and a contact assembly installed on the top of the moving seat. The soil sample extruded can be cut layer by layer through the blade arranged in the self-checking assembly, so that the layered self-checking of the soil sample is realized. Specifically, after the soil sample in the sampling cylinder is pushed out by the piston, the motor drives the blade to rotate, and the soil sample can be cut layer by layer along the axial direction according to the requirement, so that the independent soil sample blocks of different backfill layers are separated and then placed on the electronic scale for weighing, so as to obtain the compactness data of the backfill soil of each layer. The design solves the problem that the traditional detection cannot conveniently take samples layer by layer, and makes the layered compactness self-checking more accurate and controllable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of municipal engineering pipeline construction quality inspection technology, specifically relating to a self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipeline backfill in narrow spaces. Background Technology

[0002] Urban sewage pipelines are a core infrastructure of urban drainage systems, and their construction quality directly affects the long-term operational safety and service life of the pipelines. In sewage pipeline renovation and repair projects, trench backfilling is one of the key construction steps, and the compaction quality of the backfill soil directly affects the pipeline's resistance to settlement and structural stability. However, in current domestic sewage pipeline renovation projects, backfill settlement leads to an extremely high rate of rework due to pipeline structural deformation, which is a recognized quality pain point in the industry.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for testing the compaction degree of backfill soil are as follows: First, a test pit is excavated on-site, standard sand is poured in, the volume of the test pit is measured, and the compaction degree is calculated by weighing the soil. Although this method has high accuracy, it requires carrying a large number of tools and sand, is cumbersome to operate, takes a long time to test a single point, and requires damage to the backfill layer during the testing process, which requires repair afterward. Second, a sample is taken from the compacted layer using a ring sampler, dried, weighed, and then the compaction degree is calculated. This method is relatively simple to operate, but requires a large operating space for sampling and preparation, and is also destructive. Finally, the density of the soil is measured by emitting gamma rays using radioactive isotopes. This method is fast and does not require damage to the soil, but the equipment is expensive, there are radiation safety hazards, operators need to hold specialized qualifications, and it is difficult to widely apply in confined spaces.

[0004] To address this, the present invention proposes a self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces, which aims to improve the problem that existing compaction testing devices cannot conveniently achieve layered sampling and self-inspection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces includes a movable base and further includes:

[0008] The unit has two handles, which are fixedly installed on the top of the movable base near the left and right sides.

[0009] An abutting component is installed on the top of the movable seat to abut and fix the movable seat against the sidewall of the groove;

[0010] A sampling assembly, mounted on top of the movable base, is used to vertically drill soil samples from the backfill layer;

[0011] A self-testing component, installed on top of the movable base, is used to perform layer cutting and weighing of the obtained soil sample;

[0012] The abutment assembly includes a top shell fixedly connected to the top of the movable base, a motor fixedly mounted on the top of the movable base, a worm gear fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a worm wheel meshing above the worm gear, a horizontal shaft passing through and fixedly mounted on the worm wheel, two bidirectional lead screws rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the top shell, four threaded sleeves respectively threaded to the outside of the two bidirectional lead screws, and multiple push rods respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the corresponding threaded sleeves. The end of each push rod passes through the outer wall of the top shell and is fixedly connected to an abutment plate. One end of the worm gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the other end of the worm gear passes through the top shell and is rotatably connected to the top shell. Both ends of the horizontal shaft are rotatably connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the top shell. Both bidirectional lead screws are drivenly connected to the horizontal shaft.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, four grooves are provided on the outer wall of the top shell, and the four abutment plates are respectively located in the inner cavity of the corresponding grooves.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, all four contact plates are fixedly installed with contact pads on their outer walls.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, the horizontal shaft and the two bidirectional lead screws are all connected by a transmission belt.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, the top shell is detachably equipped with an inspection window, and a transparent viewing window is fixedly installed on the inspection window.

[0017] The sampling assembly includes a side frame fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat, a second motor fixedly installed on the top of the side frame, a movable plate movably installed in the inner cavity of the side frame, a screw fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, an electric push rod fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable plate, a cross frame fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod, and a sampling cylinder fixedly installed at the bottom of the cross frame; the other end of the screw passes through the side frame and the movable plate, and the screw is threadedly connected to the movable plate, and the screw is rotatably connected to the side frame.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, an electric push rod 2 is fixedly installed on the cross frame, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 2 extends into the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder, and is fixedly connected to a piston.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, two limiting columns are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable plate, and a sliding limiting sleeve is fitted on the outer side of each of the two limiting columns, and the ends of the two limiting sleeves are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cross frame.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, four vertical rods are slidably connected through the movable plate, and the two ends of the four vertical rods are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat and the top of the inner wall of the side frame.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to the present invention, the moving base is provided with a sampling slot, and the moving path of the sampling cylinder passes through the sampling slot.

[0022] The self-testing component includes a fixed frame fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat, an electronic scale fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame, a display screen fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat, a motor three fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame, and a blade fixedly connected to the output end of the motor three.

[0023] A method for self-inspection of the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces, employing a layered compaction degree self-inspection device for sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces as described in any of the preceding claims, includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Move the device to the position to be tested in the trench, start motor one, and drive each contact plate to extend outward synchronously and press against the side wall of the trench through the transmission of worm, worm wheel, horizontal shaft and double lead screw, and fix the moving seat in the trench.

[0025] S2. Start electric actuator one, drive the cross frame to move the sampling cylinder above the sampling slot; start motor two, drive the screw to rotate, drive the movable plate, cross frame and sampling cylinder to move downward, so that the sampling cylinder vertically penetrates into the backfill soil layer to take soil.

[0026] S3. Drive motor 2 reverses, causing the sampling cylinder to reset upwards; drive electric actuator 1 again to move the sampling cylinder above the electronic scale; start electric actuator 2 to push the piston to push the soil sample downwards from the sampling cylinder;

[0027] S4. Start the motor to drive the three blades to rotate, cut the soil sample layer by layer along the soil sample axis, separate the independent soil sample blocks of each layer, place them on the electronic scale to weigh them, read the weight data through the display screen, and calculate the layer compaction degree in combination with the volume of each layer of soil sample.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. This invention achieves rapid and low-disturbance sampling of backfill soil samples by setting up a sampling assembly. A second motor drives a screw to raise and lower a movable plate, which, in conjunction with an electric actuator, pushes the sampling cylinder vertically into the backfill soil layer. After sampling is completed, the electric actuator drives a piston to completely eject the soil sample from the sampling cylinder. The entire process requires no manual excavation or additional tools, resulting in fast sampling speed and minimal damage to the surrounding backfill layer, significantly improving the efficiency and convenience of on-site layered compaction testing.

[0030] 2. This invention utilizes blades within the self-inspection assembly to cut the extruded soil sample into layers, enabling layered self-inspection of the soil sample. Specifically, after the soil sample in the sampling cylinder is pushed out by the piston, the motor drives the blades to rotate, cutting layer by layer along the soil sample axis as needed to separate independent soil sample blocks from different backfill layers. These blocks are then weighed on an electronic scale to obtain the compaction data of each backfill layer. This design solves the problem of inconvenient layered sampling in traditional testing methods, making the self-inspection of layered compaction more accurate and controllable.

[0031] 3. This invention achieves stable contact and fixation of the device within narrow trenches by incorporating a contact component. Specifically, a motor drives the worm gear, worm wheel, and bidirectional lead screw to rotate, causing the contact plates on both sides to extend outwards synchronously and press tightly against the trench sidewalls. This ensures that the moving seat remains centered and does not tilt or wobble during sampling. This structure not only adapts to narrow spaces of varying widths but also effectively avoids sampling deviations caused by device displacement, providing a reliable positioning basis for subsequent compaction testing. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention from one angle;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention from another angle;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural distribution diagram of the contact component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top shell structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the top shell of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the sampling component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the self-testing component of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Movable seat; 2. Handle; 3. Contact assembly; 31. Top shell; 32. Inspection window; 33. Viewing window; 34. Motor 1; 35. Worm gear; 36. Worm wheel; 37. Horizontal shaft; 38. Double-acting lead screw; 39. Transmission belt; 310. Threaded sleeve; 311. Push rod; 312. Contact plate; 313. Contact pad; 314. Groove; 4. Sampling assembly; 41. Side frame; 42. Motor 2; 43. Screw; 44. Movable plate; 45. Vertical rod; 46. Limiting post; 47. Limiting sleeve; 48. Electric push rod 1; 49. Horizontal frame; 410. Sampling cylinder; 411. Electric push rod 2; 412. Piston; 5. Self-test assembly; 51. Fixing frame; 52. Electronic scale; 53. Display screen; 54. Motor 3; 55. Blade; 6. Sampling slot. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces, comprising a movable base 1, with rollers installed at the bottom of the movable base 1 for easy movement within the pipe trench. Handles 2 are fixedly installed on the top of the movable base 1 near the left and right sides, allowing the operator to push the entire device to the inspection position within the narrow trench. An abutment component 3, a sampling component 4, and a self-inspection component 5 are installed on the top of the movable base 1.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The contact assembly 3 includes a top shell 31 fixedly connected to the top of the movable base 1. The top shell 31 is a hollow box structure. A motor 34 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable base 1. A worm gear 35 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 34. One end of the worm gear 35 passes through the side wall of the top shell 31 and extends into the interior of the top shell 31. The worm gear 35 is rotatably connected to the top shell 31 through a bearing.

[0046] The top shell 31 has a worm wheel 36 that meshes with the worm 35, and the worm wheel 36 is located above the worm 35. A horizontal shaft 37 is fixedly mounted through the worm wheel 36, and the two ends of the horizontal shaft 37 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the top shell 31 through bearings.

[0047] The inner cavity of the top shell 31 is also rotatably connected to two bidirectional lead screws 38. The two bidirectional lead screws 38 are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the top shell 31 and are both connected to the horizontal shaft 37 via a transmission belt 39. The transmission belt 39 is preferably a synchronous toothed belt, which can ensure that the transmission ratio between the horizontal shaft 37 and the two bidirectional lead screws 38 is accurate and slip-free, so that the two bidirectional lead screws 38 maintain exactly the same speed and direction of rotation.

[0048] Each bidirectional lead screw 38 has two threaded sleeves 310 threadedly connected to its outer side, for a total of four threaded sleeves 310. A push rod 311 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each threaded sleeve 310, and the end of each push rod 311 penetrates the outer wall of the top shell 31 and is fixedly connected to an abutment plate 312. Specifically, four grooves 314 are formed on the outer wall of the top shell 31, and four abutment plates 312 are located in the corresponding grooves 314. When the abutment plate 312 is in the retracted state, it is housed inside the groove 314, keeping the outer wall of the top shell 31 flat and preventing scratches during movement.

[0049] Each of the four contact plates 312 has a contact pad 313 fixedly installed on its outer wall. The contact pad 313 is made of rubber material and has a high coefficient of friction and elastic deformation capacity. When the contact plate 312 is pressed against the side wall of the trench, the contact pad 313 can increase the friction and prevent the device from slipping during the sampling process.

[0050] The working principle of the contact component 3 is as follows: Starting motor 34 drives worm 35 to rotate, which in turn drives worm wheel 36 to rotate. Worm wheel 36 then drives horizontal shaft 37 to rotate synchronously. Horizontal shaft 37 transmits power to two bidirectional lead screws 38 via transmission belt 39, causing them to rotate simultaneously. Two threaded sleeves 310 connected to the bidirectional lead screws 38 move in opposite directions as the lead screws 38 rotate, thereby causing push rod 311 to extend outwards or retract inwards. The contact plate 312 at the end of push rod 311 moves accordingly, ultimately pressing against the sidewalls on both sides of the groove.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 The top of the top shell 31 is detachably equipped with an inspection window 32. The inspection window 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the top shell 31 by screws. A transparent viewing window 33 is fixedly installed on the inspection window 32, which makes it easy to observe the working status of the transmission components inside the top shell 31 without removing the inspection window 32.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The sampling assembly 4 includes a side frame 41 fixedly connected to the top of the movable base 1. The side frame 41 is a portal frame structure. A second motor 42 is fixedly installed on the top of the side frame 41. A screw 43 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 42. The screw 43 extends downward in the vertical direction and passes through the top of the side frame 41.

[0053] A movable plate 44 is movably mounted inside the side frame 41. The movable plate 44 has a threaded hole that mates with a screw 43. The screw 43 passes through the movable plate 44 and is threadedly connected to it. The lower end of the screw 43 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the side frame 41.

[0054] Four vertical rods 45 are slidably connected through the movable plate 44. The two ends of the four vertical rods 45 are fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat 1 and the top of the inner wall of the side frame 41, respectively. The four vertical rods 45 work together to precisely guide the lifting and lowering of the movable plate 44, ensuring that the movable plate 44 always remains vertical and does not rotate.

[0055] An electric actuator 48 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable plate 44, and a crossbar 49 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric actuator 48. A sampling cylinder 410 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crossbar 49. The sampling cylinder 410 is a cylindrical structure used to vertically penetrate into the backfill soil layer to take soil samples.

[0056] Two limiting posts 46 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable plate 44, and both limiting posts 46 extend horizontally. Sliding limiting sleeves 47 are fitted onto the outer sides of each limiting post 46, and the ends of both limiting sleeves 47 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cross frame 49. When the electric actuator 48 pushes the cross frame 49 to move horizontally, the limiting sleeves 47 slide along the limiting posts 46, guiding the movement direction of the cross frame 49 and preventing the cross frame 49 from deflecting during movement.

[0057] An electric actuator 411 is also fixedly installed on the crossbar 49. The telescopic end of the electric actuator 411 extends vertically into the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder 410 and is fixedly connected to a piston 412. The piston 412 slides and seals with the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 410 to push the soil sample in the sampling cylinder 410 downward.

[0058] The movable seat 1 is provided with a sampling slot 6. The moving path of the sampling cylinder 410 passes through the sampling slot 6, so that the sampling cylinder 410 can pass through the sampling slot 6 and penetrate vertically into the backfill soil layer below.

[0059] The working principle of sampling component 4 is as follows: When sampling is required, firstly, electric actuator 48 is activated, which pushes the crossbeam 49 to move the sampling cylinder 410 horizontally above the sampling slot 6; then, motor 42 is activated, which drives the screw 43 to rotate, and the screw 43 drives the movable plate 44 to move downward. The movable plate 44, through the crossbeam 49, drives the sampling cylinder 410 to pass through the sampling slot 6 and vertically penetrate into the backfill soil layer, so that the soil sample enters the sampling cylinder 410; after sampling is completed, drive motor 42 to reverse, driving the sampling cylinder 410 to reset upward; then drive electric actuator 48 again to move the sampling cylinder 410 above the self-inspection component 5, ready for sample removal.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 The self-testing component 5 includes a fixed frame 51 fixedly installed on the top of the movable base 1, and an electronic scale 52 fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame 51 for weighing the soil sample. A display screen 53 is also fixedly installed on the top of the movable base 1. The display screen 53 is electrically connected to the electronic scale 52 for displaying the weighing value.

[0061] A motor 54 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting bracket 51, and a blade 55 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 54. The blade 55 is located on one side above the electronic scale 52. When the sampling cylinder 410 moves above the electronic scale 52, the blade 55 is located on one side of the lower port of the sampling cylinder 410.

[0062] The working principle of the self-testing component 5 is as follows: After the sampling cylinder 410 moves above the electronic scale 52, the electric actuator 411 is activated. The electric actuator 411 drives the piston 412 to move downward, pushing the soil sample inside the sampling cylinder 410 out from the lower port. After the soil sample is pushed out to a certain length, the motor 54 is activated to drive the blade 55 to rotate, cutting layer by layer along the soil sample axis, cutting the soil sample into independent soil sample blocks according to different backfill layers. Each layer of soil sample block is placed on the electronic scale 52 for weighing. The weighing value is directly read through the display screen 53, and the layer compaction degree is calculated in combination with the volume of each layer of soil sample.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The present invention also provides a method for self-inspection of the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces, using the layered compaction degree self-inspection device in Embodiment 1 above, specifically including the following steps:

[0065] S1. Device Movement and Contact Fixation: The operator moves the device to the test position in the trench by holding handle 2 and starts motor 34. Motor 34 drives worm gear 35 to rotate, worm gear 35 drives horizontal shaft 37 to rotate through worm wheel 36, and horizontal shaft 37 drives two double-acting screws 38 to rotate synchronously through transmission belt 39. Double-acting screws 38 drive each threaded sleeve 310 and push rod 311 to move outward, so that the four contact plates 312 extend synchronously and press against the side walls on both sides of the trench, firmly fixing the moving seat 1 in the trench.

[0066] S2. Vertical Sampling: Start the electric actuator 48. The electric actuator 48 drives the crossbeam 49 to move the sampling cylinder 410 horizontally above the sampling slot 6. Start the motor 42. The motor 42 drives the screw 43 to rotate. The screw 43 drives the movable plate 44, the crossbeam 49, and the sampling cylinder 410 to move vertically downward along the vertical rod 45, so that the sampling cylinder 410 passes through the sampling slot 6 and vertically penetrates into the backfill soil layer. After the soil sample enters the sampling cylinder 410, the drive motor 42 reverses, driving the sampling cylinder 410 to return to its original position above the moving seat 1.

[0067] S3. Soil Sample Push: Reactivate electric actuator 48 to move the sampling cylinder 410 horizontally above the electronic scale 52. Activate electric actuator 411, which pushes piston 412 downward within the sampling cylinder 410, gradually pushing the soil sample out from the lower end of the sampling cylinder 410.

[0068] S4. Layered Cutting and Weighing Self-Check: Start motor 3 54, which drives blade 55 to rotate. When the soil sample is pushed out of the sampling tube 410 to the predetermined length, blade 55 cuts the soil sample layer by layer along the soil sample axis, separating the soil samples from different backfill layers into independent soil sample blocks. The soil sample blocks from each layer are placed on electronic scale 52 for weighing. The weighing value is directly read through the display screen 53. Combined with the volume data of each layer of soil sample, the compaction degree of each layer of backfill soil is calculated, completing the layered compaction degree self-check.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces, comprising a movable base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Handle (2), there are two handles (2), and the two handles (2) are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat (1) near the left and right sides; An abutting component (3) is installed on the top of the movable seat (1) to abut and fix the movable seat (1) against the side wall of the groove; Sampling component (4), which is installed on the top of the movable seat (1) for vertically drilling soil samples from the backfill layer; Self-inspection component (5), which is installed on the top of the movable seat (1) and is used to cut and weigh the obtained soil sample in layers; The abutment assembly (3) includes a top shell (31) fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat (1), a motor (34) fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat (1), a worm (35) fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (34), a worm wheel (36) meshing above the worm (35), a horizontal shaft (37) passing through and fixedly installed on the worm wheel (36), two bidirectional lead screws (38) rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the top shell (31), four threaded sleeves (310) respectively threaded to the outside of the two bidirectional lead screws (38), and a plurality of push rods (311) respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the corresponding threaded sleeves (310). The end of each push rod (311) passes through the outer wall of the top shell (31) and is fixedly connected to an abutment plate (312). One end of the worm (35) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (34), and the other end of the worm (35) passes through the top shell (31) and is rotatably connected to the top shell (31); both ends of the horizontal shaft (37) are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the top shell (31); both bidirectional lead screws (38) are connected to the horizontal shaft (37) for transmission. The sampling assembly (4) includes a side frame (41) fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat (1), a second motor (42) fixedly installed on the top of the side frame (41), a movable plate (44) movably installed in the inner cavity of the side frame (41), a screw (43) fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (42), an electric push rod (48) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable plate (44), a cross frame (49) fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (48), and a sampling cylinder (410) fixedly installed at the bottom of the cross frame (49). The other end of the screw (43) passes through the side frame (41) and the movable plate (44), and the screw (43) is threadedly connected to the movable plate (44), and the screw (43) is rotatably connected to the side frame (41); The self-testing component (5) includes a fixed frame (51) fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat (1), an electronic scale (52) fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame (51), a display screen (53) fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat (1), a motor three (54) fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame (51), and a blade (55) fixedly connected to the output end of the motor three (54).

2. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top shell (31) has four grooves (314) on its outer wall, and the four abutting plates (312) are respectively located in the inner cavity of the corresponding grooves (314).

3. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: An abutment pad (313) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of each of the four abutment plates (312).

4. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal shaft (37) is connected to the two bidirectional lead screws (38) by a transmission belt (39).

5. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the top shell (31) is detachably equipped with an inspection window (32), and a transparent viewing window (33) is fixedly installed on the inspection window (32).

6. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric actuator (411) is fixedly installed on the crossbar (49). The telescopic end of the electric actuator (411) extends into the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder (410) and is fixedly connected to a piston (412).

7. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two limiting posts (46) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable plate (44). A sliding limiting sleeve (47) is fitted on the outer side of each of the two limiting posts (46). The ends of the two limiting sleeves (47) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cross frame (49).

8. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four vertical rods (45) are slidably connected through the movable plate (44), and the two ends of the four vertical rods (45) are fixedly connected to the top of the movable seat (1) and the top of the inner wall of the side frame (41), respectively.

9. The self-inspection device for layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfilling in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving seat (1) is provided with a sampling slot (6), and the moving path of the sampling cylinder (410) passes through the sampling slot (6).

10. A method for self-inspection of the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces, comprising using a self-inspection device for the layered compaction degree of sewage pipe backfill in narrow spaces as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Move the device to the test position in the trench, start the motor (34), and drive each contact plate (312) to extend outward synchronously and press against the side wall of the trench through the transmission of the worm (35), worm wheel (36), horizontal shaft (37) and double screw (38), and fix the moving seat (1) in the trench. S2. Start the electric actuator (48) to drive the crossbeam (49) to move the sampling cylinder (410) above the sampling trough (6); start the motor (42) to drive the screw (43) to rotate, which will drive the movable plate (44), crossbeam (49) and sampling cylinder (410) to move downward, so that the sampling cylinder (410) can be vertically inserted into the backfill soil layer to take soil. S3, drive motor two (42) reverses, driving the sampling cylinder (410) to reset upward; drive electric push rod one (48) again to move the sampling cylinder (410) above the electronic scale (52); start electric push rod two (411) to push piston (412) to push the soil sample downward from the sampling cylinder (410); S4. Start motor three (54) to drive the blade (55) to rotate, cut layer by layer along the soil sample axis, separate the independent soil sample blocks of each layer, place them on the electronic scale (52) to weigh them, read the weight data through the display screen (53), and calculate the layer compaction degree in combination with the soil sample volume of each layer.

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