A broadband electro-acoustic transducer control method and a broadband electro-acoustic transducer

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of super magnetostrictive electro-acoustic transducer design and control, and discloses a wideband electro-acoustic transducer control method and a wideband electro-acoustic transducer, which comprises the following steps: collecting an electrical parameter of a magnetic circuit integrated with a hierarchical driving coil having different working modes in the wideband electro-acoustic transducer; based on the electrical parameter, combining a function relationship between a sound source level and the electrical parameter, and outputting a driving signal for adjusting the working mode of the hierarchical driving coil connected to the magnetic circuit; and based on the driving signal, completing wideband electro-acoustic transducer control. The wideband electro-acoustic transducer corresponds to the wideband electro-acoustic transducer control method, and solves the technical problems of the prior art, such as narrow working bandwidth of a low-frequency super magnetostrictive electro-acoustic transducer, large fluctuation of a sound source level under wide frequency, limitation of a traditional optimization mode by working conditions, easy increase of equipment volume and weight, easy generation of electrical stress and sound source level mutation by coil switching, difficulty in adapting to a strong magnetic field and a strong vibration complex environment, and insufficient overall operation stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of design and control technology of giant magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducers, specifically a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and a broadband electroacoustic transducer. Background Technology

[0002] In underwater exploration and communication, giant magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducers are widely used as sound wave sources. Low-frequency sound waves exhibit low attenuation and long transmission distances underwater, making them a preferred choice for long-distance operations. However, existing low-frequency giant magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducers are limited by their inherent resonant characteristics and structure, generally suffering from narrow operating bandwidth and significant source-level attenuation under wide-frequency conditions. Traditional optimization methods often rely on structural modifications and impedance matching to improve performance, which are not only constrained by equipment housing and operating water depth but also tend to increase the size and weight of the device. Furthermore, conventional control methods cannot dynamically adjust the magnetic field based on operating parameters, and significant electrical stress and sudden changes in source level are easily generated during coil switching. In addition, underwater equipment faces strong magnetic fields and high vibration environments, making it difficult for existing solutions to simultaneously meet the requirements of wide-frequency, stable, and reliable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and a broadband electroacoustic transducer to solve the technical problems of existing low-frequency super magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducers, such as narrow operating bandwidth, large sound source level fluctuations under wide frequency range, traditional optimization methods being limited by operating conditions and easily increasing the size and weight of the equipment, coil switching easily generating electrical stress and sudden changes in sound source level, difficulty in adapting to complex environments with strong underwater magnetic fields and strong vibrations, and insufficient overall operational stability and reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method, comprising: The electrical parameters of the magnetic circuit in the broadband electroacoustic transducer are collected. This magnetic circuit integrates a graded drive coil with different operating modes. Based on electrical parameters and combined with the preset functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters, a drive signal is output to adjust the working mode of the graded drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit. Based on the driving signal, the broadband electroacoustic transducer is controlled.

[0005] Preferably, the operating mode of the hierarchical drive coil is adjusted based on a preset switching device matrix. Specifically, the operating mode is adjusted by controlling the on / off state of each switching device in the switching device matrix through a drive signal. The operating mode is determined based on the coil of the hierarchical drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit. The coil of the hierarchical drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit is used to control the magnetic field in the broadband electroacoustic transducer.

[0006] Preferably, the functional relationship is specifically the actual sound source level curve, which is determined based on the working mode of the graded drive coil.

[0007] Preferably, the actual sound source level curve is determined based on the operating mode of the graded drive coil, including: The upper and lower limits of the expected values ​​are determined based on the first functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters when all coils of the graded drive coil are in operation, and the expected maximum sound source level fluctuation. A second set of functional relationships is constructed, which is based on the second functional relationship, which is determined based on the relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters under different operating modes. The actual sound source level curve is determined, which is a piecewise function that falls on the second functional relationship group; wherein, the electrical parameters corresponding to the segment points of the piecewise function are used to control the switching of different working modes, and the sound source level corresponding to the segment points of the piecewise function is located between the expected upper limit and the expected lower limit.

[0008] Preferably, the driving signal is output based on the electrical parameters corresponding to the segment points of the actual sound source level curve.

[0009] Preferably, the electrical parameters include the frequency and phase corresponding to the graded drive coil.

[0010] Preferably, each switch in the switch device matrix is ​​equipped with a corresponding counter; the operation of the counter includes: The counter is assigned a value based on the drive signal. After the value is assigned, the corresponding switching device is marked. The marking is used to lock the switching device and prevent it from changing its on / off state. After assigning a value to the counter, the assigned value is decremented in each drive cycle until it reaches zero. Then, the flag of the switching device is removed. Removing the flag is used to unlock the switching device and allow the on / off state to be changed.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a broadband electroacoustic transducer, employing the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method described above, including a detection circuit, a magnetic circuit, a control circuit, and a switching device matrix; wherein: the detection circuit acquires the electrical parameters of the magnetic circuit in the broadband electroacoustic transducer, and the magnetic circuit integrates graded drive coils with different operating modes; the control circuit, based on the electrical parameters and combined with a preset functional relationship between the sound source level and the electrical parameters, outputs a drive signal for adjusting the operating mode of the graded drive coils connected to the magnetic circuit, and controls the on / off state of each switch in the switching device matrix based on the drive signal to complete the broadband electroacoustic transducer control.

[0012] Preferably, the functional relationship is specifically the actual sound source level curve, which is determined based on the working mode of the graded drive coil.

[0013] Preferably, each switch in the switch device matrix is ​​equipped with a corresponding counter; the operation of the counter includes: The counter is assigned a value based on the drive signal. After the value is assigned, the corresponding switching device is marked. The marking is used to lock the switching device and prevent it from changing its on / off state. After assigning a value to the counter, the assigned value is decremented in each drive cycle until it reaches zero. Then, the flag of the switching device is removed. Removing the flag is used to unlock the switching device and allow the on / off state to be changed.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and broadband electroacoustic transducer of this application solve the technical problems of narrow working bandwidth, large sound source level fluctuation under wide frequency range, traditional optimization method is limited by working conditions and easily increases the size and weight of equipment, coil switching is prone to electrical stress and sudden change of sound source level, and it is difficult to adapt to the complex environment of strong magnetic field and strong vibration underwater, resulting in insufficient overall operation stability and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the broadband electroacoustic transducer provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 The following are schematic diagrams of different types of graded drive coils provided in this embodiment; in the figure: (a) is a coaxial layered nested type; (b) is a multi-wire parallel winding interlaced type; (c) is a coaxial segmented arrangement type; Figure 3 The diagram shows the equivalent circuit diagrams of different forms of control loops provided in this embodiment; in the diagram: (a) is a series loop; (b) is a parallel loop; (c) is a combined series and parallel loop; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method provided in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the actual sound source level curve provided in this embodiment; Figure 6 The flowchart of the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method provided in this embodiment in state 2.

[0017] The implementation, functional features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In this document, the term "comprising" is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0020] This embodiment discloses a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and a broadband electroacoustic transducer. In summary, this embodiment involves the integration of power electronic circuit technology and electroacoustic energy conversion technology, and is suitable as a sound wave emission source for underwater sonar systems such as marine scientific exploration and underwater communication, especially for working scenarios in long-distance and complex environments.

[0021] The technical problems of this embodiment will now be explained.

[0022] Marine exploration and underwater communication technologies have immense research value. Due to the unique underwater working environment, sound waves are currently the most important carrier for long-distance underwater detection and communication. In recent years, with the research and development of underwater electroacoustic equipment, competition in the marine engineering field has intensified, and low-frequency, high-power, wide-bandwidth underwater electroacoustic transducers have become a research hotspot. For underwater electroacoustic transducers, the lower the frequency of the emitted sound waves, the smaller the energy attenuation rate in water, and the longer the detection distance; the greater the power of the transducer, the higher its sound source level, and the stronger its resistance to propagation attenuation; at the same time, the wider the transducer's operating bandwidth, the better the accuracy and applicability of the detection system, and the stronger its resistance to environmental interference. Giant magnetostrictive transducers, due to their performance advantages in sound source level and size / weight, have become an important direction for breaking through technical bottlenecks. However, the resonant characteristics of low-frequency transducers are significant, and due to limitations in the transducer's structural design, achieving low-frequency high power often results in a narrow operating bandwidth.

[0023] Based on the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment discloses a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and a broadband electroacoustic transducer. In summary, it aims to solve the problem of narrow operating bandwidth of existing low-frequency super magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducers, and discloses a super magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics. At the same time, in combination with the high precision and high reliability requirements of underwater equipment, a control method for low-frequency broadband super magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducers is proposed.

[0024] The following describes a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and a broadband electroacoustic transducer according to this embodiment.

[0025] For ease of explanation, this text will first describe broadband electroacoustic transducers.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the broadband electroacoustic transducer provided in this embodiment.

[0027] This embodiment discloses a broadband electroacoustic transducer and applies a subsequent broadband electroacoustic transducer control method, including a detection circuit, a magnetic circuit, a control circuit, and a switching device matrix. In summary, in the broadband electroacoustic transducer of this embodiment, the detection circuit acquires the electrical parameters of the magnetic circuit in the broadband electroacoustic transducer. This magnetic circuit integrates graded drive coils with different operating modes. Based on the electrical parameters and a preset functional relationship between the sound source level and the electrical parameters, the control circuit outputs a drive signal to adjust the operating mode of the graded drive coils connected to the magnetic circuit. Based on the drive signal, the control circuit controls the on / off state of each switch in the switching device matrix, thus completing the broadband electroacoustic transducer control.

[0028] Now combined Figure 1 The broadband electroacoustic transducer of this embodiment, namely the supermagnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics, will be described. For example... Figure 1As shown, the internal structure of the broadband electroacoustic transducer can be mainly divided into the main circuit, control circuit, and high-efficiency magnetic circuit. A super-magnetostrictive rod composed of a super-magnetostrictive rod and a permanent magnet passes through a graded drive coil. The super-magnetostrictive rod, due to the magnetostrictive effect, periodically expands and contracts in the periodically changing magnetic field output by the graded drive coil, causing the displacement amplifying shell to vibrate and produce sound. The graded drive coil dynamically adjusts the magnetic field strength according to different operating conditions to control the displacement of the super-magnetostrictive rod, thereby regulating the sound source level fluctuation. The main circuit includes a high-power AC main power supply, a multi-stage drive coil, a fully controllable semiconductor switch, and an RC network. The high-power AC main power supply is connected in series with the graded drive coil to provide a periodically changing magnetic field. The fully controllable semiconductor switch and RC network are connected in parallel or series with the multi-stage drive coil to control its operating mode. The control circuit includes a low-voltage DC control power supply, a multi-level control module, and a fully controllable semiconductor switch. The control loop corresponds to the multi-level control module. It samples the current of the main circuit through a detection loop that achieves magnetic isolation sampling. The MCU preset inside the multi-level control module analyzes the frequency, phase, and other information of the current sampling signal to formulate a corresponding control strategy. It controls the operation of the fully controllable semiconductor switch by outputting multiple high-speed and high-precision drive signals through optical isolation. The efficient magnetic circuit includes a graded drive coil, a giant magnetostrictive rod, a permanent magnet, and a magnetically conductive base. The graded drive coil is wound with a low leakage magnetic uniform structure. The giant magnetostrictive rod is connected to other rods through the magnetically conductive base, forming an efficient magnetic field superposition path for multiple coils. While ensuring the uniformity of the magnetic field strength inside the coil, it achieves low magnetic reluctance magnetic field superposition and low leakage magnetic field.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 The following are schematic diagrams of different types of graded drive coils provided in this embodiment; in the figure: (a) is a coaxial layered nested type; (b) is a multi-wire parallel winding interlaced type; (c) is a coaxial segmented arrangement type.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses a relatively simple three-stage drive coil as an example to illustrate the graded drive coil. Figure 2 (a) is a coaxial layered nested type, in which multiple coils are tightly wound around the outside of the giant magnetostrictive rod with different radii, taking the central axis of the giant magnetostrictive rod as the common axis. Figure 2 (b) is a multi-wire interlaced type, in which multi-level coils are wound in a single layer on the outside of the giant magnetostrictive rod with the central axis of the giant magnetostrictive rod as the common axis, and in an alternating cyclic sequence with the same radius. Figure 2 In (c) the coaxial segmented array type, multi-level coils are wound in single layers with the same radius around the central axis of the giant magnetostrictive rod as the common axis.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3The diagram shows the equivalent circuit diagrams of different forms of control loops provided in this embodiment; in the diagram: (a) is a series loop; (b) is a parallel loop; (c) is a combined series and parallel loop.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, taking the relatively simple three-stage driving coil as an example, Figure 3 (a) is a series circuit, in which the coils of the multi-stage drive coil are connected in series to the main circuit, and the fully controlled semiconductor switch is connected in parallel across the coils of each stage to control the operation of the coils. It is suitable for working environments powered by constant current AC power. Figure 3 (b) is a parallel circuit, in which the coils of the multi-stage drive coil are connected in parallel to the main circuit, and the fully controlled semiconductor switch is connected in series in the branch where each coil is located to control the operation of the coil, which is suitable for the working environment of constant voltage AC power supply. Figure 3 (c) is a series-parallel composite circuit. The coils of the multi-stage drive coil are connected to the main circuit in a combination of the above two methods, which is suitable for more complex working environments.

[0033] Based on the foregoing description of the broadband electroacoustic transducer, it can be understood that the broadband electroacoustic transducer in this embodiment is specifically a magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics, and the magnetic field structure in the magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer has been specifically optimized. In practice, the broadband electroacoustic transducer includes a graded drive coil, a high-efficiency magnetic circuit, a fully controllable semiconductor switch, a frequency adaptive multi-level control module, and a power supply and detection circuit for strong magnetic field interference and strong vibration. Specifically: the graded drive coil, together with the magnetostrictive rod, permanent magnet, and magnetically conductive base, forms a high-efficiency magnetic circuit, achieving low magnetic reluctance magnetic field superposition and low leakage flux; the multi-level drive coil adopts a multi-level controllable drive coil structure, with each level coil connected to a fully controllable semiconductor switch, and the coil's operating state controlled by the fully controllable semiconductor switch; the frequency adaptive multi-level control module contains an MCU, which is connected to the fully controllable semiconductor switch and the power supply and detection circuit for strong magnetic field interference and strong vibration, receives the transducer current signal sampled by the detection circuit, and controls the fully controllable semiconductor switch to operate.

[0034] In one specific application of this embodiment, the multi-stage drive coil adopts a multi-stage controllable structure. The multi-stage coils are independent of each other and can work in different modes. By controlling the working mode of each stage coil, the overall magnetic field output intensity of the drive coil can be changed, thereby adjusting the displacement of the giant magnetostrictive rod and thus adjusting the sound source level.

[0035] In one specific application of this embodiment, the magnetic circuit is a high-efficiency magnetic circuit, which includes multiple sets of coils composed of graded driving coils to construct a high-efficiency magnetic field superposition path. The graded driving coils can be wound in various structures such as coaxial multi-layer nested type, multi-line parallel winding interlaced type, and coaxial multi-segment array type. Combined with giant magnetostrictive rods, permanent magnets, magnetic conductive bases, etc., the magnetic circuit is composed of a magnetic circuit. While ensuring the uniformity of the magnetic field strength inside the coil, it achieves low magnetic reluctance magnetic field superposition and low leakage magnetic field.

[0036] In one specific application of this embodiment, the fully controllable semiconductor switch provides a circuit that is connected in parallel or in series with multiple coils, and can adapt to different types of coil drives, such as constant voltage sources and constant current sources. The combination of multiple coils can be adjusted by changing the working mode of each coil.

[0037] In one specific application of this embodiment, the detection circuit is a power supply and detection circuit that resists strong magnetic field interference and strong vibration. Its input end adopts a combination of common-mode filtering and multi-stage passive filtering with magnetic isolation to reduce conducted interference. The signal cable adopts armored shielded cable, and the input and output adopt magnetic isolation real-time sampling and optical isolation drive output. The whole is encapsulated in a metal shielding shell, and the inside is potted with high thermal conductivity insulating glue to enhance the reliability under radiation interference and strong vibration conditions.

[0038] In one specific application of this embodiment, the frequency adaptive multi-level control uses an MCU to analyze the frequency, phase, and other information of the sampled signal, and outputs multiple coil switching signals based on the coil impedance characteristics. The switching time point is determined by software phase compensation based on hardware and software delays, ensuring that the switching point current is less than ±1% of the peak current, thereby reducing sound source level fluctuations and electrical stress during the switching process.

[0039] Thus, this embodiment provides a broadband electroacoustic transducer, specifically a supermagnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics.

[0040] In response to the design of a super magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics, a targeted control method is needed to achieve optimized control. The targeted control method to achieve optimized control is the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method of this embodiment.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method provided in this embodiment.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment discloses a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method, including: S10: Collects electrical parameters of the magnetic circuit in the broadband electroacoustic transducer, which integrates graded drive coils with different operating modes.

[0043] Based on the foregoing description of the broadband electroacoustic transducer, specifically, the adjustment of the operating mode of the hierarchical drive coil is based on a preset switching device matrix. Specifically, the operating mode is adjusted by controlling the on / off state of each switch in the switching device matrix using a drive signal. The operating mode is determined by the coils of the hierarchical drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit, which are used to control the magnetic field in the broadband electroacoustic transducer. In one specific application, the switching device matrix is ​​the aforementioned fully controlled row semiconductor switch matrix.

[0044] S20: Based on electrical parameters and combined with the preset functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters, outputs a drive signal to adjust the working mode of the graded drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit.

[0045] In conjunction with the foregoing description of the broadband electroacoustic transducer, specifically, the electrical parameters include the frequency and phase corresponding to the graded drive coil.

[0046] Based on the preset functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters, the principle of the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method of this embodiment will now be explained in detail.

[0047] In summary, the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method of this embodiment is a control method for a graded drive coil. It refers to the aforementioned multi-level control module combining the source-level response of the giant magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer in the operating frequency band to determine the switching boundary and formulate control strategies for different frequencies.

[0048] Specifically, the aforementioned functional relationship refers to the actual sound source level curve. Actual sound source level curve The operating mode is determined based on the hierarchical drive coil.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the actual sound source level curve The operating mode is determined based on the hierarchical drive coil, including: The upper and lower limits of the expected values ​​are determined based on the first functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters when all coils of the graded drive coil are in operation, and the expected maximum sound source level fluctuation.

[0050] In the specific application of this embodiment, when all the graded drive coils are in operation, the transducer sound source level has a first functional relationship with the frequency. Based on the sound source level curve With the expected maximum sound source level Fluctuations can determine the upper limit of the expected sound source level within the desired operating frequency band. and lower bound of expectations .

[0051] A second set of functional relationships is constructed. The construction of the second set of functional relationships is based on the second functional relationship, which is determined based on the relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters under different operating modes.

[0052] In the specific application of this embodiment, the graded drive coil has multiple operating modes, and for any operating mode... The transducer sound source level has a second functional relationship with frequency. A second function relationship group, namely the sound source level curve group, is constructed based on the second function relationship under different coil operating modes. .

[0053] The actual sound source level curve is determined, which is a piecewise function falling on the second functional relationship group; wherein, the electrical parameters corresponding to the segment points of the piecewise function are used to control the switching of different operating modes, and the sound source level corresponding to the segment points of the piecewise function is located between the expected upper limit and the expected lower limit. Specifically, the driving signal is output based on the electrical parameters corresponding to the segment points of the actual sound source level curve.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the actual sound source level curve provided in this embodiment.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, in the specific application of this embodiment, the second function relationship group is used. The actual sound source level curve of the supermagnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics is planned. , For falling within the function group A piecewise function on, i.e.: in: indexer and , For the graded drive coil in operating mode The function segmentation point is the coil operating mode switching point in the lower operating frequency band, so that the desired operating frequency band is satisfied. Furthermore, the sound source level curve is smooth and stable. The multi-level control module outputs multiple drive signals based on the frequency and phase information of the current sampling signal, and selects the optimal switching time point, which can effectively reduce the sound source level fluctuations and electrical stresses on the overall system during the switching of working states.

[0056] To further reduce the overall electrical stress of the system, the broadband electroacoustic transducer in this embodiment further optimizes the control of the switch matrix, i.e., the fully controlled semiconductor switch.

[0057] Specifically, each switch in the switch device matrix, namely the fully controlled semiconductor switch used in this embodiment, is equipped with a corresponding counter.

[0058] In the specific application of this embodiment, the operation of the counter includes: The counter is assigned a value based on the drive signal. After the value is assigned, the corresponding switching device is marked. The marking is used to lock the switching device and prevent it from changing its on / off state. After assigning a value to the counter, the assigned value is decremented in each drive cycle until it reaches zero. Then, the flag of the switching device is removed. Removing the flag is used to unlock the switching device and allow the on / off state to be changed.

[0059] The counter designed in this embodiment will now be described in conjunction with a specific implementation.

[0060] The control method for a graded drive coil includes two typical states: State 1: During initialization, prolonged absence of valid signal, or prolonged receipt of interference signal, the MCU performs a system reset, clears the system's historical state data, and controls the fully controlled semiconductor switch to engage all the graded drive coils in the main circuit.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 The flowchart of the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method provided in this embodiment in state 2.

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, State 2: When a valid sampling signal is received, the frequency of the sampling signal is analyzed. Phase Information such as frequency The corresponding control strategy is executed. Each fully controllable semiconductor switch has a counter to prevent repeated triggering of its drive signal. When the drive signal switches due to a change in the control strategy, the counter will... Set to a preset value and lock the state of the drive signal. If the counter... If the value is not 0, decrement by 1. The lock is released after the value reaches 0. When a drive signal needs to be switched, if it is not locked, the drive signal is added to the switching queue. When the queue During the inter-airborne flight, the current control strategy is locked, and queues are switched sequentially according to a preset order. The driving signal in the middle, according to the phase Select the optimal switching time to switch the drive signal. After each switch, delay for a certain period of time to wait for the system to stabilize and then remove the drive signal from the queue. When the queue The lock is released when the middle is empty.

[0063] S30: Based on the drive signal, complete the control of the broadband electroacoustic transducer.

[0064] Thus, this embodiment fully discloses a broadband electroacoustic transducer control method, specifically a control method for an electromagnetic extensor electroacoustic transducer with low-frequency broadband characteristics.

[0065] The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and the broadband electroacoustic transducer of this embodiment will now be described with reference to specific examples.

[0066] In one specific example of this embodiment, a hierarchical drive coil comprises three sub-coils, and its operating mode is controlled by a switching device matrix and circuit containing four switching devices. It should be noted that the number of switching devices is not necessarily equal to the number of sub-coils. Each switch has two operating states: on and off. In principle, there should be... There are several operating modes, but only some of them may be meaningful in practical applications. In this example, there are 10 valid operating states. The transducer operates between 400Hz and 600Hz, initially at 400Hz, gradually increasing the operating frequency until it reaches 600Hz and then stops operating, with a total operating time of 2 minutes.

[0067] Initially, all switches are open, and the transducer operates at a frequency of 400Hz. The detection circuit monitors the device's operating frequency and voltage / current phase in real time during each operating cycle. In this example, the optimal operating mode of the transducer is as follows: switches 1 and 2 are on during 400-420Hz, switches 1, 2, and 3 are on during 420-440Hz, and switches 2 and 3 are on during 440-460Hz. It should be noted that in designing the operating states in this embodiment, the principle is to minimize electrical stress by involving only one switch state change in adjacent operating states. When the transducer starts operating, if the counters corresponding to switches 1 and 2 are 0 at 400Hz and a state change is required, switches 1 and 2 are added to the state change queue according to a preset order. It should be noted that the preset order is designed to minimize electrical stress during state changes; for simplicity, the order here is set as 1→2→3→4. When a non-empty state change queue is detected, indicating that a switch state needs to be changed, the current control strategy is locked. This means that the device frequency phase is no longer detected, and the current operating state change is completed first (because the switching of multiple switches usually takes several cycles). The switch states are changed sequentially according to the queue order, and the switch counter is set to a preset value (e.g., 10, which means that the state is locked for 10 cycles after the state change and cannot be changed again). The switch state change needs to select the optimal time to switch based on voltage and current phase information (e.g., the current crosses zero). After each switch state change is completed, a certain period of time is required before the next switch state change is performed, until all switches in the queue have completed the state change, and then the queue is cleared.

[0068] As the transducer frequency increases, if the counter of any switch is not zero in each working cycle, it will decrement by 1. When it reaches 420Hz, the control strategy changes. As described above, switch 3 will change its working state to conduction and set its counter to 10 to lock the current state. Since the transducer operates in a strong electromagnetic interference and complex marine environment, or the emitted sound waves change significantly and complexly over time, the detected frequency may fluctuate in a short period of time. The control strategy itself has a certain hysteresis design to prevent repeated start and stop of a single switch. However, if there is still a situation, such as the previous detection of 421Hz changing the working state and the next detection of 415Hz, switch 3 should be disconnected again according to the preset strategy. However, since its counter is not zero, it will not change its working state. After unlocking after 10 cycles, it will determine its working state according to the current frequency. For example, if the transducer's operating frequencies before time 0, time 0 (the time when switch 3 switches between operating states), at the 5th cycle, and at the 10th cycle are 418Hz, 421Hz, 415Hz, and 425Hz respectively, then switch 3 will remain on throughout the entire period after being turned on at time 0. If the transducer's operating frequencies before time 0, time 0, at the 5th cycle, and at the 10th cycle are 418Hz, 421Hz, 415Hz, and 413Hz respectively, then switch 3 will be on at time 0 and off at the 10th cycle. Similarly, when the transducer's operating frequency reaches 440Hz, switch 1 will be off and will not change its state for a short period (10 cycles).

[0069] In addition, the transducer has another operating mode that continuously emits sound waves of the same frequency for a long time. This mode is simpler to control than the one described above, and the control principle is similar.

[0070] Based on the above, the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and broadband electroacoustic transducer of this embodiment achieve at least the following technical optimizations: A graded drive coil is used to provide the magnetic field, and a fully controllable semiconductor switch is used to control the coil's operating mode, dynamically adjusting the internal electromagnetic field of the giant magnetostrictive transducer. This reduces the fluctuation of the sound source level near the resonant frequency, solving the problem of narrow operating bandwidth in low-frequency transducers. Compared with common structural designs and impedance matching methods, this embodiment can be directly applied to existing giant magnetostrictive transducers with low frequency and high power, and is less constrained by factors such as transducer housing structure and operating water depth. It also has advantages in terms of equipment size and weight.

[0071] A high-efficiency magnetic circuit was designed for the graded drive coil. The designed magnetic circuit structure achieves low magnetic reluctance magnetic field superposition and low leakage magnetic field while ensuring uniform magnetic field strength inside the coil, which is conducive to achieving high energy conversion efficiency of the super magnetostrictive transducer.

[0072] The system employs a control method with frequency as the primary control parameter. By using an MCU as the controller, it precisely controls the operation of the fully controlled semiconductor switch. By utilizing control strategies and phase information to select the optimal switching time, it can effectively reduce the sound source-level fluctuations and electrical stresses on the overall system during the switching process. Combined with the design to resist strong magnetic field interference and strong vibration, it ensures the reliability of the system.

[0073] In summary, the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method and broadband electroacoustic transducer of this embodiment solve the technical problems of narrow operating bandwidth, large source level fluctuation under wide frequency range, limited by operating conditions and easy to increase the size and weight of equipment by traditional optimization methods, easy to generate electrical stress and sudden change of source level when switching coils, and difficulty in adapting to complex environments with strong magnetic fields and strong vibrations underwater, resulting in insufficient overall operational stability and reliability of the transducer.

[0074] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any suitable combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processor may be implemented in one or more of the following: application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to implement the functions described herein, or combinations thereof. For software implementation, some or all of the processes of the embodiments may be performed by a computer program instructing the associated hardware. During implementation, the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available medium accessible to a computer. Computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code having the form of instructions or data structures and accessible to a computer.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A control method for a broadband electroacoustic transducer, characterized in that, include: The electrical parameters of the magnetic circuit in the broadband electroacoustic transducer are collected. This magnetic circuit integrates a graded drive coil with different operating modes. Based on electrical parameters and combined with the preset functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters, a drive signal is output to adjust the working mode of the graded drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit. Based on the driving signal, the broadband electroacoustic transducer is controlled.

2. The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working mode of the hierarchical drive coil is adjusted based on a preset switching device matrix. Specifically, the working mode is adjusted by controlling the on / off state of each switching device in the switching device matrix through a drive signal. The working mode is determined based on the coil of the hierarchical drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit. The coil of the hierarchical drive coil connected to the magnetic circuit is used to control the magnetic field in the broadband electroacoustic transducer.

3. The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned functional relationship is specifically the actual sound source level curve, which is determined based on the working mode of the graded drive coil.

4. The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The actual sound source level curve is determined based on the operating mode of the graded drive coil, including: The upper and lower limits of the expected values ​​are determined based on the first functional relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters when all coils of the graded drive coil are in operation, and the expected maximum sound source level fluctuation. A second set of functional relationships is constructed, which is based on the second functional relationship, which is determined based on the relationship between the sound source level and electrical parameters under different operating modes. The actual sound source level curve is determined, which is a piecewise function that falls on the second functional relationship group; wherein, the electrical parameters corresponding to the segment points of the piecewise function are used to control the switching of different working modes, and the sound source level corresponding to the segment points of the piecewise function is located between the expected upper limit and the expected lower limit.

5. The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driving signal is output based on the electrical parameters corresponding to the segment points of the actual sound source level curve.

6. The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method according to claim 1, 4, or 5, characterized in that, The electrical parameters include the frequency and phase corresponding to the graded drive coil.

7. The broadband electroacoustic transducer control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each switch in the switching device matrix is ​​equipped with a corresponding counter; the operation of the counter includes: The counter is assigned a value based on the drive signal. After the value is assigned, the corresponding switching device is marked. The marking is used to lock the switching device and prevent it from changing its on / off state. After assigning a value to the counter, the assigned value is decremented in each drive cycle until it reaches zero. Then, the flag of the switching device is removed. Removing the flag is used to unlock the switching device and allow the on / off state to be changed.

8. A broadband electroacoustic transducer, using the broadband electroacoustic transducer control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes a detection circuit, a magnetic circuit, a control circuit, and a switching device matrix; wherein: the detection circuit acquires the electrical parameters of the magnetic circuit in the broadband electroacoustic transducer, and the magnetic circuit integrates graded drive coils with different operating modes; the control circuit, based on the electrical parameters and combined with a preset functional relationship between the sound source level and the electrical parameters, outputs a drive signal to adjust the operating mode of the graded drive coils connected to the magnetic circuit, and controls the on / off state of each switch in the switching device matrix based on the drive signal to complete the control of the broadband electroacoustic transducer.

9. The broadband electroacoustic transducer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The aforementioned functional relationship is specifically the actual sound source level curve, which is determined based on the working mode of the graded drive coil.

10. The broadband electroacoustic transducer according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each switch in the switching device matrix is ​​equipped with a corresponding counter; the operation of the counter includes: The counter is assigned a value based on the drive signal. After the value is assigned, the corresponding switching device is marked. The marking is used to lock the switching device and prevent it from changing its on / off state. After assigning a value to the counter, the assigned value is decremented in each drive cycle until it reaches zero. Then, the flag of the switching device is removed. Removing the flag is used to unlock the switching device and allow the on / off state to be changed.

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