A component hoisting system and method within a confined space

Abstract

The application discloses a component hoisting and transporting system and method in a limited space, relates to the fields of hanging elements and transportation technologies, and can solve the problems of eccentricity, shaking and instability of hoisting elements in the prior art during transportation in a limited space. The component hoisting and transporting system in the limited space comprises a first track and a second track, a first hoisting assembly and a second hoisting assembly. The first hoisting assembly can walk on the first track and is provided with a first lifting hook which can be lifted and lowered. The second hoisting assembly can walk on the second track and is provided with a second lifting hook which can be lifted and lowered. The system further comprises a balance beam module which is provided with a hanging point at the bottom. The balance beam module is suspended by the first lifting hook and the second lifting hook. The balance beam module can be close to the first track or the second track by lifting the first lifting hook and / or the second lifting hook. The balance beam module comprises a balance beam main body and a hanging assembly which is sleeved on the balance beam main body and can rotate freely. The hanging point is arranged at the bottom of the hanging assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of hanging components and transportation technology, and specifically to a component hoisting system and method in a confined space. Background Technology

[0002] Lifting equipment and hoisting systems are widely used in various construction scenarios requiring a certain height, such as the dismantling, installation, and hoisting of steel components. The traditional method for constructing steel components involves using large lifting equipment, such as cranes, to hoist the work area to the vicinity of the work site before carrying out the dismantling and assembly operations.

[0003] However, such large hoisting equipment is often used in situations with relatively large spaces. When space is limited, such as on railway operating lines or in large industrial plants where the upper space is limited, dismantling steel components and hoisting them away presents severe challenges, including short working hours, small operating clearance, and high safety risks. Conventional large hoisting equipment has serious limitations in such scenarios. Therefore, it is necessary to use other types of hoisting equipment and systems to hoist the dismantled steel components.

[0004] In the field of hoisting systems, besides mobile hoisting equipment such as large cranes and large fixed hoisting systems such as tower cranes, there are also miniaturized hoisting systems such as gantry cranes combined with electric hoists. However, in actual construction scenarios where steel components are dismantled and transported under limited upper space, fixed hoisting systems like tower cranes are costly and have poor adaptability, while large cranes also have inherent problems with limited space. Although miniaturized hoisting systems like electric hoists combined with gantry cranes are more adaptable, during the hoisting process, the movement of the gantry crane and the electric hoist can cause the steel components to become eccentric or sway, leading to unstable transportation. In fact, during transportation, swaying steel components may even collide directly with the undismantled steel structure, resulting in transportation risks.

[0005] like Figure 11 As shown, after the electric hoist is installed on the I-beam and used as a traveling track, the electric hoist can move freely on the I-beam track. After the top plate component is lifted, it can be lifted away. However, since most components are not located directly under the I-beam track, there will inevitably be swaying of the components during the lifting and transportation process, which poses a risk to the lifting process.

[0006] Based on the above background, the inventors designed a component hoisting system and method in a confined space, which solves the problems of eccentricity and swaying that easily occur when hoisting components are transported in a confined space in the prior art. Therefore, this application is filed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a component hoisting system and method in a confined space. By utilizing existing permanent structures as load-bearing rails and combining them with electric hoist lifting assemblies, the system solves the problems of eccentricity, swaying, and unstable transportation of components in confined spaces, which are common in existing technologies.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution: On the one hand, this application provides a component hoisting system in a confined space, including a first track and a second track that are parallel to each other, and a first lifting assembly and a second lifting assembly respectively disposed on the first track and the second track; The first lifting assembly can travel on the first track and has a first hook that can be raised and lowered independently; the second lifting assembly can travel on the second track and has a second hook that can be raised and lowered independently. It also includes a balance beam module with multiple hanging points at the bottom. The balance beam module is suspended in the air by the first hook and the second hook. The balance beam module can be brought close to the first track or the second track by the lifting action of the first hook and / or the second hook. The balance beam module includes a balance beam body with at least some sections in a cylindrical shape, and at least two sets of hanging components that are fitted onto the balance beam body and can rotate freely. The suspension point is located at the bottom of the suspension assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the suspension assembly includes at least two sets of fixed suspension assemblies located near both ends of the balance beam body, and a sliding suspension assembly located in the middle of the balance beam body. The fixed suspension assembly includes at least three fixed suspension structures located at its bottom, with the three fixed suspension structures located at both ends and the middle of the assembly along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the main body of the balance beam; The sliding suspension assembly includes at least two sliding suspension structures located at its bottom, with the two sliding suspension structures located at its two ends in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam body; The fixed suspension structure and the sliding suspension structure are the suspension points at the bottom of the suspension assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the main body of the balance beam is cylindrical; The main body of the balance beam is provided with at least two mounting ring grooves adapted to the fixed hanging assembly, and at least one sliding strip groove adapted to the sliding hanging assembly. The fixed hanging assembly is set in the mounting ring groove, and the sliding hanging assembly is slidably set in the sliding strip groove.

[0011] Optionally, the fixed suspension assembly includes a fixed bearing body that is fitted and fixed to the balance beam body, and a fixed bearing seat that is fitted and fixed to the fixed bearing body; The fixed hanging structure is a fixed lifting ring that is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed bearing seat.

[0012] Optionally, the sliding suspension assembly includes a sliding seat ring that is fitted and fixed on the balance beam body and can slide freely along its axial direction, a sliding bearing body fitted and fixed on the sliding seat ring, and a sliding bearing seat fitted and fixed on the sliding bearing body. The sliding suspension structure is a sliding ring that is detachably and fixedly connected to the sliding bearing seat.

[0013] Optionally, the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly have the same structure; The first lifting assembly also includes a first connecting rope. One end of the first connecting rope is connected to one end of the balance beam module, and the other end of the first connecting rope passes through and is fixed to the first hook and then connected to the other end of the balance beam module. The first connecting rope is kept in a symmetrical state through two connection points connected to the balance beam module and one connection point connected to the first hook. The area enclosed by the first connecting rope and the balance beam module is an isosceles triangle. The second lifting assembly also includes a second connecting rope. One end of the second connecting rope is connected to one end of the balance beam module, and the other end of the second connecting rope passes through and is fixed to the second hook before being connected to the other end of the balance beam module. The second connecting rope is kept symmetrical through two connection points on the balance beam module and one connection point on the second hook. The area enclosed by the second connecting rope and the balance beam module is an isosceles triangle.

[0014] Optionally, the first lifting assembly further includes a first traveling member disposed on and freely movable on the first track, and a first lifting rope; The first hook is connected to the first lifting rope and can be raised and lowered independently via the first lifting rope; The second lifting assembly also includes a second traveling member disposed on and able to move freely on the second track, and a second lifting rope; The second hook is connected to the second hoisting rope and can be raised and lowered independently via the second hoisting rope.

[0015] Optionally, the first traveling component includes a first traveling motor and a first traveling wheel driven by the first traveling motor; The first traveling wheel is mounted on the first track; The second traveling component includes a second traveling motor and a second traveling wheel driven by the second traveling motor; The second traveling wheel is mounted on the second track; The first and second wheels are also respectively equipped with a first encoder and a second encoder for synchronizing movement distance information; Both the first and second tracks are I-shaped tracks.

[0016] Optionally, the balance beam module is also provided with four connecting lugs at both ends for connecting the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope; Both the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are fixed to the balance beam module via connecting ears.

[0017] On the other hand, this application provides a method for hoisting components in a confined space, applicable to any of the above-described component hoisting systems in a confined space, comprising the following steps: S1. Calculate bearing capacity: After obtaining the design parameters of the first and second tracks, perform strength calculations and check the bearing capacity. S2. Obtaining the center of gravity of the main component: Obtain the design weight of the main component to be hoisted, as well as the projection position of its center of gravity on the horizontal plane, and determine the direction and distance of its center of gravity from the balance beam module; S3, No-load pre-adjustment: Based on the direction and distance parameters obtained in S2, the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly first drive the center of the balance beam module to move, so that the line connecting the center of the balance beam module and the center of gravity of the main body of the component to be lifted is perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam module. Then, by adjusting the first hook and / or the second hook, the center of the balance beam module is placed directly above the main body of the component to be lifted. S4. Main body of the suspended component: The main body of the component to be lifted is suspended and fixed on the hanging points at the bottom of the suspension assembly, so that each hanging point is subjected to force at the same time, forming a multi-point constraint on the main body of the component to be lifted; S5. Lifting the main body of the component: The first hook and the second hook are slowly lifted at the same time, so that the main body of the component is suspended after leaving the ground. After the main body of the component is stable, the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly move synchronously along the first track and the second track respectively and transport the main body of the component away.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: I. This application, by setting up a first track, a second track, a first lifting component, a second lifting component, and a balance beam module, allows the balance beam module to be adjusted in position when the main body of the component to be lifted is offset below the first or second track. This allows the balance beam module to move back and forth between the first and second tracks, ensuring that the balance beam module is always directly above the center of gravity of the main body of the component when it is being lifted. This completely solves the problem of lifting sway caused by the lifting point being offset from the center of gravity of the main body of the component.

[0019] Furthermore, the balance beam module of this application includes a freely rotatable suspension assembly, which ensures that the suspension point at the bottom of the suspension assembly is always at the lowest position under the action of gravity. After the main body of the component is suspended on the suspension point, passive adaptive attitude adjustment can be achieved. Therefore, this active position pre-adjustment and passive adaptive attitude adjustment after the main body of the component is suspended can ensure the stability of the main body of the component throughout the entire hoisting process.

[0020] Based on the above, this application sets multiple hanging points, which can form a multi-point three-dimensional hanging constraint on the main body of the suspended component, and can also avoid the swaying of the main body of the component due to a single rope or double rope when the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly move, accelerate or decelerate.

[0021] Therefore, this application fundamentally eliminates the risk of eccentric swaying and collision during component hoisting by using the multiple synergistic effects of pre-alignment, adaptive attitude adjustment based on component gravity, and multi-point three-dimensional constraints at the hanging points, thus achieving steady-state transportation within a confined space and solving the problems of existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application when it is in the middle position.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application when it is in the middle position.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the sliding suspension assembly in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric hoist in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application when it is located below the first track.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application when it is located below the second track.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a front view schematic diagram of the balance beam module in Embodiment 1 of this application when it is close to the first track.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process for Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0032] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of existing technology.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 11-First track, 12-Second track, 21-First lifting assembly, 211-First hook, 212-First lifting rope, 213-First connecting rope, 214-First traveling component, 22-Second lifting assembly, 221-Second hook, 222-Second lifting rope, 223-Second connecting rope, 224-Second traveling component, 3-Balance beam module, 31-Balance beam body, 311-Installation ring groove, 312-Sliding strip groove, 32-Fixed hanging assembly, 321-Fixed bearing body, 322-Fixed bearing seat, 323-Fixed lifting ring, 33-Sliding hanging assembly, 331-Sliding bearing body, 332-Sliding bearing seat, 333-Sliding lifting ring, 334-Sliding seat ring, 335-Sliding protrusion, 34-Connecting ear, 4-Component fixing rope, 5-Component body. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0035] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a component hoisting system in a confined space, including a first track 11 and a second track 12 that are parallel to each other, and a first hoisting assembly 21 and a second hoisting assembly 22 respectively disposed on the first track 11 and the second track 12; The first lifting assembly 21 can travel on the first track 11 and has a first hook 211 that can be lifted and lowered independently; the second lifting assembly 22 can travel on the second track 12 and has a second hook 221 that can be lifted and lowered independently. It also includes a balance beam module 3 with multiple hanging points at the bottom. The balance beam module 3 is suspended in the air by the first hook 211 and the second hook 221. The balance beam module 3 can approach the first track 11 or the second track 12 through the lifting and lowering action of the first hook 211 and / or the second hook 221. The balance beam module 3 includes a balance beam body 31 with at least a portion of its sections being cylindrical, and at least two sets of hanging components that are mounted on the balance beam body 31 and can rotate freely. The suspension point is located at the bottom of the suspension assembly.

[0036] This embodiment, by setting up a first track 11, a second track 12, a first lifting assembly 21, a second lifting assembly 22, and a balance beam module 3, allows the balance beam module 3 to be adjusted when the main body 5 of the component to be lifted is offset below the first track 11 or the second track 12. This adjustment allows the balance beam module 3 to move back and forth between the first track 11 and the second track 12, ensuring that the balance beam module 3 is always directly above the center of gravity of the main body 5 when it is being lifted. This completely solves the problem of lifting sway caused by the lifting point being offset from the center of gravity of the main body 5.

[0037] Furthermore, the balance beam module 3 of this embodiment includes a freely rotatable suspension assembly, which ensures that the suspension point at the bottom of the suspension assembly is always at the lowest position under the action of gravity. After the main body 5 of the component is suspended on the suspension point, passive adaptive attitude adjustment can be achieved. Therefore, this active position pre-adjustment and passive adaptive attitude adjustment after the main body 5 of the component is suspended can ensure the stability of the main body 5 of the component throughout the hoisting process.

[0038] Based on the above, this embodiment has multiple hanging points, which can form a multi-point three-dimensional hanging constraint on the suspended component body 5, and can also prevent the component body 5 from swaying due to a single rope or double rope when accelerating or decelerating during the movement of the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22.

[0039] Therefore, this embodiment fundamentally eliminates the risk of eccentric swaying and collision during component hoisting by the multiple synergistic effects of pre-adjustment of position, adaptive attitude adjustment of component gravity, and multi-point three-dimensional constraint of the hanging point, thus achieving steady-state transportation in confined space and solving the problems of the prior art.

[0040] Furthermore, this embodiment solves the problems of large equipment being unable to enter the site and the need for temporary load-bearing structures in confined spaces through the above-mentioned solution, achieving efficient hoisting with zero footprint and low headroom. By utilizing the existing first track 11 and second track 12 as the foundation for movement and load-bearing, this system eliminates the need to construct large gantry cranes or introduce large cranes in the work area. This not only solves the problem of difficult equipment entry due to short skylight periods and small working headroom in scenarios with limited upper space, such as railway operating lines and large industrial plants, but also avoids the high costs and high safety risks associated with temporarily constructing load-bearing structures. The system's miniaturized hoisting components move directly on the existing structure, maximizing the use of on-site space resources and significantly improving construction efficiency in confined spaces.

[0041] In this embodiment, the hanging assembly includes at least two sets of fixed hanging assemblies 32 arranged near both ends of the balance beam body 31, and a sliding hanging assembly 33 arranged in the middle of the balance beam body 31. The fixed suspension assembly 32 includes at least three fixed suspension structures located at its bottom, with the three fixed suspension structures located at both ends and the middle of the assembly along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam body 31. The sliding suspension assembly 33 includes at least two sliding suspension structures located at its bottom, with the two sliding suspension structures located at its two ends in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam body 31. The fixed suspension structure and the sliding suspension structure are the suspension points at the bottom of the suspension assembly.

[0042] In this embodiment, the suspension assembly is divided into a fixed suspension assembly 32 near both ends and a sliding suspension assembly 33 located in the middle. Fixed and sliding suspension structures are respectively arranged, enabling dynamic and static coordination of the suspension process along the axial direction of the balance beam module 3 during suspension and transport. In this embodiment, the position of the fixed suspension assembly 32 remains relatively fixed to the balance beam module 3 along the axial direction, allowing it to consistently participate in the suspension process of the main component 5 and provide bottom support for its suspension. However, in actual transport scenarios, the stopping positions of the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22 are not necessarily precise, especially since the center of gravity of the main component 5 is prone to estimation errors. Therefore, the sliding suspension assembly 33 can be manually adjusted to adapt to the position of the main component 5, providing stable support for subsequent transport. Thus, this dynamic-static combination mechanism ensures a bottom-line effect during the transport of the main component 5 while also allowing for optimization during actual transport.

[0043] In this embodiment, the balance beam body 31 is cylindrical and made of metal to ensure the overall structural strength; The balance beam body 31 is provided with at least two mounting ring grooves 311 adapted to the fixed hanging assembly 32, and at least one sliding strip groove 312 adapted to the sliding hanging assembly 33; The fixed hanging component 32 is disposed in the mounting ring groove 311, and the sliding hanging component 33 is slidably disposed in the sliding strip groove 312. In this embodiment, by setting the mounting ring groove 311 and the sliding strip groove 312, the fixed hanging component 32 is convenient to be installed and positioned, while the sliding hanging component 33 can slide freely in the sliding strip groove 312.

[0044] In this embodiment, the fixed hanging assembly 32 includes a fixed bearing body 321 that is fitted and fixed on the balance beam body 31, and a fixed bearing seat 322 that is fitted and fixed on the fixed bearing body 321. The fixed hanging structure is a fixed hanging ring 323 that is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed bearing seat 322. In this embodiment, the fixed hanging assembly 32 includes a fixed bearing and a fixed bearing seat 322, which realizes low-friction rotation and quick maintenance. It can ensure that its fixed hanging ring 323 can always sensitively follow the change of center of gravity and self-level, ensuring the stability of the posture of the main body 5 after hanging.

[0045] In this embodiment, the sliding suspension assembly 33 includes a sliding seat ring 334 that is fitted and fixed on the balance beam body 31 and can slide freely along its axial direction, a sliding bearing body 331 fitted and fixed on the sliding seat ring 334, and a sliding bearing seat 332 fitted and fixed on the sliding bearing body 331. The sliding suspension structure is a sliding ring 333 that is detachably and fixedly connected to the sliding bearing seat 332.

[0046] In this embodiment, the sliding suspension assembly 33 integrates a sliding seat ring 334, a sliding bearing body 331, and a sliding bearing seat 332, realizing dual degrees of freedom of axial sliding and circumferential rotation. The sliding seat ring 334 allows the assembly to slide freely along the axial direction of the balance beam to adapt to the center of gravity shift, while the bearing body and seat ensure that it can still rotate smoothly during the sliding process. This composite structure ensures that no matter how the center of gravity of the main body 5 deviates, the suspension point can automatically find the most stressed path, avoiding jamming or torsional stress damage to the balance beam body 31, and further enhancing the system's adaptability.

[0047] In this embodiment, the sliding seat ring 334 is also provided with a sliding protrusion 335 located in the sliding groove 312, so that the sliding seat ring 334 can only slide along its axial direction, preventing the sliding seat ring 334 from rotating freely.

[0048] In this embodiment, the sliding lifting ring 333 and the fixed lifting ring 323 have the same structure, both being conventional circular ring structures, which will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, both the sliding lifting ring 333 and the fixed lifting ring 323 are connected to component fixing ropes 4, which are used to connect and fix the component body 5 from multiple positions, thereby forming a multi-point three-dimensional spatial constraint on the component body 5 and ensuring the stability of the component body 5 during the hoisting process.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22 have the same structure; The first lifting assembly 21 also includes a first connecting rope 213. One end of the first connecting rope 213 is connected to one end of the balance beam module 3, and the other end of the first connecting rope 213 passes through and is fixed to the first hook 211 and then connected to the other end of the balance beam module 3. The first connecting rope 213 is kept in a symmetrical state through two connection points connected to the balance beam module 3 and one connection point connected to the first hook 211. The area enclosed by the first connecting rope 213 and the balance beam module 3 is an isosceles triangle. The second lifting assembly 22 also includes a second connecting rope 223. One end of the second connecting rope 223 is connected to one end of the balance beam module 3, and the other end of the second connecting rope 223 passes through and is fixed to the second hook 221 and then connected to the other end of the balance beam module 3. The second connecting rope 223 is kept in a symmetrical state through two connection points on the balance beam module 3 and one connection point on the second hook 221. The area enclosed by the second connecting rope 223 and the balance beam module 3 is an isosceles triangle.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first connecting rope 213, the second connecting rope 223, and the balance beam module 3 form an isosceles triangle, constructing a geometrically symmetrical force transmission path. This ensures that when the connecting ropes are under stress, the horizontal components of the tension cancel each other out or are symmetrically distributed, avoiding unexpected lateral torsion of the balance beam module 3 caused by asymmetry in the connecting ropes. This symmetrical structure guarantees uniform load transmission and is a key geometric constraint for maintaining the spatial stability of the balance beam module 3, effectively preventing twisting during hoisting.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first lifting assembly 21 further includes a first traveling member 214 disposed on the first track 11 and capable of moving freely thereon, and a first lifting rope 212; The first hook 211 is connected to the first lifting rope 212 and can be raised and lowered independently via the first lifting rope 212; The second lifting assembly 22 also includes a second traveling member 224 disposed on the second track 12 and capable of moving freely thereon, and a second lifting rope 222; The second hook 221 is connected to the second lifting rope 222 and can be raised and lowered independently via the second lifting rope 222.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22 have the same structure and can both be existing electric hoists, which will not be described in detail here.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first walking component 214 includes a first walking motor and a first walking wheel driven by the first walking motor; The first traveling wheel is mounted on the first track 11; The second traveling component 224 includes a second traveling motor and a second traveling wheel driven by the second traveling motor; The second traveling wheel is mounted on the second track 12; The first and second wheels are also equipped with a first encoder (not shown in the figure) and a second encoder (not shown in the figure) for synchronizing the movement distance information. Both the first track 11 and the second track 12 are I-shaped tracks.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first encoder and the second encoder enable the first walking component 214 and the second walking component 224 to move synchronously and maintain the same moving distance. This avoids the component from rotating or swinging in the air due to asynchronous movement, ensuring that the component is transported smoothly along a straight trajectory and further reducing the risk of collision with surrounding structures.

[0055] In this embodiment, calculating the travel distance using an encoder is a conventional technique and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0056] In this embodiment, the two ends of the balance beam module 3 are also provided with four connecting ears 34 for connecting the first connecting rope 213 and the second connecting rope 223; The first connecting rope 213 and the second connecting rope 223 are both connected and fixed to the balance beam module 3 through the connecting ear 34.

[0057] Connecting lugs 34 for fixing the connecting ropes are provided at both ends of the balance beam module 3, providing a standardized and high-strength force transmission interface. As a dedicated force-bearing structure, the connecting lugs 34 concentrate and evenly transmit the tension of the connecting ropes to the ends of the balance beam body 31, while also ensuring the precise fixation of the geometric position of the force-bearing point of the connecting ropes, thus guaranteeing the stability of the isosceles triangle geometric constraint.

[0058] Example 2: like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for hoisting components in a confined space, applicable to the component hoisting system in a confined space described in Embodiment 1 above, including the following steps: S1. Calculate bearing capacity: After obtaining the design parameters of the first track 11 and the second track 12, perform strength calculation and check the bearing capacity. In this embodiment, when calculating the load-bearing capacity, it is necessary to pre-calculate the first lifting assembly 21 on the first track 11 and the second lifting assembly 22 on the second track 12. Simultaneously, the balance beam module 3 suspended by the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22 also needs to be considered. After removing the self-weight, the net load-bearing capacity of the first track 11 and the second track 12 is obtained. In this embodiment, when performing strength calculations, it is necessary to calculate the axial stress, bending stress, shear strength, and other indicators of the I-beam track based on its design parameters. Strength verification of the I-beam track is a conventional method and technology, and will not be elaborated upon here. This step is a prerequisite for the safe operation of the system. Through pre-calculation, it ensures that when using the existing structure as a load-bearing rail, overloading will not cause structural damage or excessive deformation. Especially in confined spaces (such as railway operating lines and old factory buildings), where the existing structure may already have fatigue or corrosion, this step can effectively avoid structural risks and ensure the safety of hoisting.

[0059] S2. Obtaining the center of gravity of the main component 5: Obtain the design weight of the main component 5 to be hoisted, as well as the projection position of its center of gravity on the horizontal plane, and determine the direction and distance of its center of gravity from the balance beam module 3. In this embodiment, detailed data collection is performed on the main component 5 to be hoisted. If the main component 5 is a standard part, the theoretical weight and center of gravity coordinates are obtained directly from the design drawings. If the main component 5 is an irregularly shaped part, the actual projection position of its center of gravity on the horizontal plane can be determined by weighing, or the center of gravity can be calculated after modeling with 3D modeling software. In this embodiment, accurate weight information can be used to verify the bearing capacity of S1, and the accurate acquisition of the center of gravity position is the core basis for subsequent pre-adjustment and anti-swaying. Only by clarifying the direction and distance of the center of gravity from the central axis of the balance beam can the balance beam module 3 be moved to directly above the main component 5 before hoisting by adjusting the height difference between the first hook 211 and the second hook 221.

[0060] S3. No-load pre-adjustment: Based on the direction and distance parameters obtained in S2, the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22 first move the center of the balance beam module 3, making the line connecting the center of the balance beam module 3 and the center of gravity of the main body 5 of the component to be lifted perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam module 3. Then, by adjusting the first hook 211 and / or the second hook 221, the center of the balance beam module 3 is positioned directly above the main body 5 of the component to be lifted. This step is one of the most innovative steps in this lifting method. Traditional lifting often involves blind lifting, relying on adjustments after lifting. This step, through no-load pre-adjustment, eliminates geometric deviations before force is applied. The attitude pre-correction achieved through independent lifting ensures that when the component is lifted off the ground, the force on each hanging point is uniform, and the resultant force line directly passes through the system suspension point, achieving zero impact during lifting and zero swaying after lifting off the ground. This greatly reduces the risk of insufficient adjustment margin due to limited space in confined spaces.

[0061] S4, Suspended Component Body 5: The component body 5 to be suspended is fixed on the suspension points at the bottom of the suspension assembly, so that each suspension point is subjected to force at the same time, forming a multi-point constraint on the component body 5 to be suspended. Through the three-dimensional constraint formed by multiple points, the component body 5 is kept stable during the suspension process.

[0062] S5. Lifting the main body of component 5: The first hook 211 and the second hook 221 are slowly lifted at the same time, so that the main body of component 5 is suspended after leaving the ground. After the posture of the main body of component 5 is stable, the first lifting assembly 21 and the second lifting assembly 22 move synchronously along the first track 11 and the second track 12 respectively and transport the main body of component 5 away. This dual-point synchronous movement in this embodiment can avoid the pendulum effect and rotational sway when moving long distances by traditional single-point lifting, and provide stability during the lifting process of the main body of component 5.

[0063] This embodiment achieves a logical closed loop from theoretical calculation to on-site hoisting execution through a standardized process of calculating load-bearing capacity, obtaining the center of gravity, pre-positioning under no-load conditions, multi-point constraint suspension, and synchronous hoisting. In particular, the pre-positioning under no-load conditions minimizes dynamic impact during hoisting by aligning the center of the balance beam with the component's center of gravity in advance and using independent lifting for attitude correction. The multi-point constraint step restricts the component's degrees of freedom by applying force simultaneously to multiple suspension points, preventing violent swaying during hoisting. This method transforms hardware advantages into operable construction specifications, significantly reducing safety risks caused by human error.

[0064] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A component hoisting system for confined spaces, characterized in that, It includes a first track (11) and a second track (12) that are parallel to each other, and a first lifting assembly (21) and a second lifting assembly (22) respectively disposed on the first track (11) and the second track (12). The first lifting assembly (21) can travel on the first track (11) and has a first hook (211) that can be lifted and lowered independently; the second lifting assembly (22) can travel on the second track (12) and has a second hook (221) that can be lifted and lowered independently. It also includes a balance beam module (3) with multiple hanging points at the bottom. The balance beam module (3) is suspended by a first hook (211) and a second hook (221). The balance beam module (3) can approach the first track (11) or the second track (12) by the lifting action of the first hook (211) and / or the second hook (221). The balance beam module (3) includes a balance beam body (31) with at least some sections having a cylindrical shape, and at least two sets of hanging components that are fitted onto the balance beam body (31) and can rotate freely. The suspension point is located at the bottom of the suspension assembly.

2. The component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension assembly includes at least two sets of fixed suspension assemblies (32) located near both ends of the balance beam body (31), and a sliding suspension assembly (33) located in the middle of the balance beam body (31). The fixed suspension assembly (32) includes at least three fixed suspension structures located at its bottom, with the three fixed suspension structures located at its two ends and the middle respectively along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam body (31); The sliding suspension assembly (33) includes at least two sliding suspension structures located at its bottom, with the two sliding suspension structures located at its two ends in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam body (31); The fixed suspension structure and the sliding suspension structure are the suspension points at the bottom of the suspension assembly.

3. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body (31) of the balance beam is cylindrical; The balance beam body (31) is provided with at least two mounting ring grooves (311) adapted to the fixed hanging assembly (32) and at least one sliding strip groove (312) adapted to the sliding hanging assembly (33). The fixed hanging assembly (32) is set in the mounting ring groove (311), and the sliding hanging assembly (33) is slidably set in the sliding strip groove (312).

4. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed hanging assembly (32) includes a fixed bearing body (321) that is fitted and fixed on the balance beam body (31), and a fixed bearing seat (322) that is fitted and fixed on the fixed bearing body (321). The fixed hanging structure is a fixed hanging ring (323) that is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed bearing seat (322).

5. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding suspension assembly (33) includes a sliding seat ring (334) that is fitted and fixed on the balance beam body (31) and can slide freely along its axial direction, a sliding bearing body (331) fitted and fixed on the sliding seat ring (334), and a sliding bearing seat (332) fitted and fixed on the sliding bearing body (331). The sliding suspension structure is a sliding ring (333) that is detachably and fixedly connected to the sliding bearing seat (332).

6. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting assembly (21) and the second lifting assembly (22) have the same structure; The first lifting assembly (21) also includes a first connecting rope (213). One end of the first connecting rope (213) is connected to one end of the balance beam module (3), and the other end of the first connecting rope (213) passes through and is fixed on the first hook (211) and then connected to the other end of the balance beam module (3). The first connecting rope (213) is kept in a symmetrical state through two connection points connected to the balance beam module (3) and one connection point connected to the first hook (211). The area enclosed by the first connecting rope (213) and the balance beam module (3) is an isosceles triangle. The second lifting assembly (22) also includes a second connecting rope (223). One end of the second connecting rope (223) is connected to one end of the balance beam module (3), and the other end of the second connecting rope (223) passes through and is fixed on the second hook (221) and then connected to the other end of the balance beam module (3). The second connecting rope (223) is kept in a symmetrical state through two connection points connected to the balance beam module (3) and one connection point connected to the second hook (221). The area enclosed by the second connecting rope (223) and the balance beam module (3) is an isosceles triangle.

7. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first lifting assembly (21) further includes a first traveling member (214) disposed on the first track (11) and freely movable thereon, and a first lifting rope (212). The first hook (211) is connected to the first lifting rope (212) and can be raised and lowered independently via the first lifting rope (212); The second lifting assembly (22) also includes a second traveling member (224) disposed on the second track (12) and capable of moving freely thereon, and a second lifting rope (222). The second hook (221) is connected to the second rope (222) and can be raised and lowered independently by the second rope (222).

8. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first traveling component (214) includes a first traveling motor and a first traveling wheel driven by the first traveling motor; The first traveling wheel is mounted on the first track (11); The second traveling component (224) includes a second traveling motor and a second traveling wheel driven by the second traveling motor; The second traveling wheel is mounted on the second track (12); The first and second wheels are also respectively equipped with a first encoder and a second encoder for synchronizing movement distance information; Both the first track (11) and the second track (12) are I-shaped tracks.

9. A component hoisting system in a confined space according to claim 6, characterized in that, The balance beam module (3) is also provided with four connecting ears (34) at both ends for connecting the first connecting rope (213) and the second connecting rope (223); The first connecting rope (213) and the second connecting rope (223) are both connected and fixed to the balance beam module (3) through connecting ears (34).

10. A method for hoisting components in a confined space, applicable to a component hoisting system in a confined space as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Calculate bearing capacity: After obtaining the design parameters of the first track (11) and the second track (12), perform strength calculation and check the bearing capacity; S2. Obtaining the center of gravity of the main body of the component (5): Obtain the design weight of the main body of the component (5) to be hoisted, as well as the projection position of its center of gravity on the horizontal plane, and determine the direction and distance of its center of gravity from the balance beam module (3); S3, No-load pre-adjustment: According to the direction and distance parameters obtained in S2, the first lifting assembly (21) and the second lifting assembly (22) first drive the center of the balance beam module (3) to move, so that the line connecting the center of the balance beam module (3) and the center of gravity of the main body (5) of the component to be lifted is perpendicular to the central axis of the balance beam module (3). Then, by adjusting the first hook (211) and / or the second hook (221), the center of the balance beam module (3) is placed directly above the main body (5) of the component to be lifted. S4, main body of the suspended component (5): The main body of the component to be lifted (5) is suspended and fixed on the hanging point at the bottom of the suspended component, so that each hanging point is subjected to force at the same time, forming a multi-point constraint on the main body of the component to be lifted (5); S5. Lifting the main body of the component (5): The first hook (211) and the second hook (221) are lifted slowly at the same time, so that the main body of the component (5) is suspended after leaving the ground. After the posture of the main body of the component (5) is stable, the first lifting assembly (21) and the second lifting assembly (22) move synchronously along the first track (11) and the second track (12) respectively and transport the main body of the component (5) away.

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