A laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide tube

Abstract

The application provides a laser detection device for the smoothness of the inner wall of a waveguide, belonging to the technical field of laser detection, comprising a floating component, a driving guide wheel assembly, a passive guide wheel assembly, a turnover transmission mechanism, a laser scanning probe and a flexible handle assembly; the driving slide seat and the passive slide seat are elastically and slidably arranged on the two sides of the floating component, and are respectively assembled with a rough surface guide wheel and a smooth surface guide wheel, so as to ensure that the device is self-adaptively attached and guided in a non-linear curved waveguide; the turnover transmission mechanism is driven by the transmission of a rotary cam and a reciprocating cam, so as to drive the laser scanning probe to perform 180° high-frequency reciprocating turnover scanning in the waveguide, and the quantitative detection of the microscopic morphology of the inner wall is realized by cooperating with the laser triangulation technology; the device supports two detection modes of manual pushing and automatic movement, the flexible handle assembly not only provides an electric control source but also adapts to the curved path; the problems of easy jamming and scanning dead angle of the traditional rigid detection device are solved, and efficient, all-around nondestructive detection of the smoothness of the inner wall of a square cross-section waveguide is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser detection technology, and in particular to a laser detection device for the surface finish of the inner wall of a waveguide. Background Technology

[0002] Waveguides, as key components for transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic signals such as microwaves and millimeter waves, are widely used in sophisticated electronic systems such as radar, satellite communications, and electronic countermeasures. Their core function is to efficiently and with low loss guide electromagnetic waves. The transmission performance of a waveguide is closely related to the integrity of its internal structure, especially the geometric accuracy and surface finish of its inner wall (e.g., smoothness, scratches, pits, etc.). These microscopic morphologies directly cause electromagnetic wave scattering and loss. When the surface finish exceeds the skin depth for a specific frequency band, it leads to a dramatic increase in conductor loss, causing signal attenuation, phase distortion, and even breakdown under high power due to localized electric field concentration. Therefore, strict control of the inner wall finish is a critical quality indicator in waveguide manufacturing.

[0003] However, for waveguides with square cross-sections and non-linear curved paths, existing detection methods have the following significant bottlenecks: First, traditional contact profilometers are inefficient, and rigid probes are difficult to adapt to curved paths, easily getting stuck or scratching the pipe wall; Second, existing laser scanning probes are prone to creating blind zones at curved positions on the inner wall of the waveguide, and lack adaptive guiding structures, easily getting stuck due to friction in curved sections, leading to data distortion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a conduit, which solves the problem of difficult detection of the inner wall of a square curved waveguide. This device can adapt to the bending path, realize full circumferential scanning without dead angles, quantify the inner wall smoothness with high precision, and does not damage the conduit wall.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a laser detection device for the smoothness of the inner wall of a waveguide, comprising a floating component, an active guide wheel assembly, a passive guide wheel assembly, a flip transmission mechanism, a laser scanning probe, and a flexible handle assembly;

[0006] The active guide wheel assembly includes an active slide, the passive guide wheel assembly includes a passive slide, and the tilting transmission mechanism includes a rotary cam and a reciprocating cam;

[0007] The active and passive slides are elastically slidably inserted outwards onto two opposite sides of the floating component. The outer ends of the active slides are each provided with a pair of rough-surfaced guide wheels, one pair of which can rotate freely and automatically. The outer ends of the passive slides are provided with a pair of smooth-surfaced guide wheels. A rocker arm is screwed onto the head end of the floating component. Transmission grooves are provided on both sides of the rocker arm's main body. The central shaft of the rotary cam is screwed onto the head end of the floating component and is unequally connected to a set of automatically rotating rough-surfaced guide wheels. The eccentric end of the rotary cam is screwed onto… There is a rotating eccentric shaft, which is rolled and connected in the transmission groove on the same side. The central shaft of the reciprocating cam is screwed to the head end of the floating component. The laser scanning probe is symmetrically installed at the head end of the central shaft of the reciprocating cam. The eccentric end of the reciprocating cam is screwed to the reciprocating eccentric shaft, which is rolled and connected in the transmission groove on the same side. The continuous rotation of the rotating cam can drive the reciprocating cam to perform a 180° reciprocating flipping motion around its central shaft. The flexible handle assembly is installed at the tail end of the floating component, which can be flexibly bent relative to the floating component and also provides an electrical control power source.

[0008] The floating component includes a floating support and an inner horizontal plate. The inner horizontal plate is fixed in the middle of the floating support. Inner vertical plates are also symmetrically fixed in the floating support. A side cover plate is fixed to the tail end of the floating support.

[0009] The active guide wheel assembly also includes a follower shaft and a first mounting hole. Active slides are provided on a set of opposite sides of the floating bracket. The active slide is slidably inserted into the active slide. The follower shaft is screwed to one side of the outer end of the active slide. A dual-axis motor is fixedly installed on the other side of the outer end of the active slide. Rough-surface guide wheels are inserted into both ends of the follower shaft and the shaft ends on both sides of the dual-axis motor. A first support spring is provided between each set of active slides and the inner horizontal plate. The first mounting hole is opened in the middle of the main body of the active slide. One end of the first support spring is fixed to the bottom surface of the first mounting hole, and the other end is fixed to the inner horizontal plate.

[0010] The passive guide wheel assembly also includes a passive shaft and a second mounting hole. Passive slides are provided on the other side of the floating bracket. The passive slide is slidably inserted into the passive slide. The passive shaft is screwed to the outer end of the passive slide. Smooth guide wheels are inserted into both ends of each set of passive shafts. A second support spring is provided between the passive slide and the inner vertical plate on the same side. The second mounting hole is opened in the main body of the passive slide. One end of the second support spring is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the second mounting hole, and the other end is fixed to the inner vertical plate.

[0011] It also includes a transmission box, which consists of a box body and a box cover. The tail end of the box body is fixedly connected to the head end of the floating support, and the box cover is attached to the opening at the top of the box body.

[0012] The flip transmission mechanism also includes an input shaft, an input gear, and a reciprocating shaft. An input shaft seat is fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the housing, and the input shaft is screwed into the input shaft seat. The input gear is inserted into the head end of the input shaft. A speed change shaft seat is also fixed on the rear side wall of the housing, and a speed change shaft is screwed into the speed change shaft seat. A speed change gear is inserted into the tail end of the speed change shaft and meshes with the input gear. The center of the rotary cam is fixedly connected to the head end of the speed change shaft. A rocker arm seat is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the housing, and the bottom end of the rocker arm is screwed into the rocker arm seat. A reciprocating shaft seat is fixedly installed on the head side wall of the housing, and the reciprocating shaft is screwed into the reciprocating shaft seat. The center of the reciprocating cam is fixedly connected to the tail end of the reciprocating shaft. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the head end of the reciprocating shaft, and laser scanning probes are symmetrically installed in the mounting bases.

[0013] The flexible handle assembly includes an end cap, a handle, an elastic support spring, a flexible hose, an end seat, and a lithium battery. The end cap is fixedly connected to a side cover plate, and the end seat is fixedly connected to the outer end of the end cap. A handle connecting post is fixedly connected to the head end of the handle connecting post. A connecting post shaft is fixedly connected to the head end groove of the handle connecting post. An array of connecting segments and at least one set of end segments are arranged between the connecting post shaft and the end seat. A connecting pivot is fixedly connected to the tail end of each connecting segment, and a connecting pivot is fixedly connected to the head end groove. An end pivot is fixedly connected to the tail end of each end segment, and an end pivot is fixedly connected to the head end groove. The lithium battery is fixed in the middle of the end segment. The array of connecting segments are connected end to end by connecting shafts and connecting seats. The set of connecting seats at the tail end is connected to the connecting column shaft, the set of connecting shafts at the head end is connected to the end seat, and the end shaft is connected to the end seat. The elastic support spring is sleeved on the outside of the handle connecting column, connecting segment, end segment and end seat. One end of the handle is fixed to the end cap and the other end is fixed to the handle. A flexible hose is sleeved on the outside of the elastic support spring. One end of the flexible hose is connected to the handle and the other end is connected to the end cap.

[0014] The main body of the handle is equipped with a human-computer interaction module, and the lithium battery, dual-axis motor and laser scanning probe are all electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module.

[0015] It also includes a flexible shaft mechanism, which includes an input hexagonal column, a flexible shaft, and a hexagonal slot. The input hexagonal column is fixed to the end of the input shaft. An output hexagonal column is fixed in one end of the shaft of the dual-axis motor adjacent to the input hexagonal column. The flexible shaft is respectively engaged in the output hexagonal column and the input hexagonal column through the hexagonal slots opened at both ends.

[0016] A flexible shaft idler assembly is also installed between the top of the floating bracket and the input large gear. The flexible shaft idler assembly includes a locking groove, a locking slide, a top spring, and an idle hexagon. The locking groove is opened on the rear side wall of the housing. The locking slide is slidably inserted into the locking groove. A locking helical gear ring is fixedly connected to the end face of the input large gear. A locking tooth body is fixedly connected to the head end of the locking slide. The top spring is connected between the rear side wall of the housing and the tail end of the locking slide. A retaining block is fixed at the top of the floating bracket. A retaining groove and a passive groove are respectively opened at the position opposite to the locking slide on the retaining block. The idle hexagon is fixedly connected to the top of the retaining block.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) This invention achieves adaptive detection of non-linear curved waveguides through the elastic cooperation of floating components with active and passive slides. It can ensure smooth retraction when the device is inserted and provide continuous elastic thrust for rough and smooth guide wheels, ensuring stable rolling friction contact with the pipe wall. This floating design effectively solves the problems of easy jamming and large wear of traditional rigid detection devices in the entire path, so that the device can stably fit against the pipe wall, providing a reliable operating reference for the laser scanning probe and significantly improving the stability and reliability of the detection.

[0019] (2) The 180° reciprocating flip design of the flip transmission mechanism, combined with the high-frequency scanning of the laser scanning probe, enables all-round detection of the inner wall of the waveguide without dead angles. Compared with the traditional spiral scanning method, the reciprocating rotation mechanism can adapt to narrow square cross-section space and avoid the problem of cable entanglement. At the same time, the device supports two modes: manual push and automatic movement. Combined with the flexible bending capability of the flexible handle assembly, it can adapt to complex bending paths and achieve autonomous movement through the automatic rotation of the rough surface guide wheel, which greatly improves detection efficiency and operational flexibility.

[0020] (3) The high-frequency scanning formed by the 180° reciprocating rotation of the laser scanning probe replaces the traditional contact detection and can accurately obtain the micro-morphological data of the inner wall of the waveguide. By collecting surface finish parameters in real time, it can quickly identify defects such as scratches and pits, while avoiding secondary damage to the pipe wall. It is especially suitable for the surface finish evaluation of high-precision waveguides and provides reliable data support for product quality control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the floating component, the active guide wheel assembly, and the passive guide wheel assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the active guide wheel assembly and the passive guide wheel assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the floating component and transmission box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first-view structure of the flip transmission mechanism and the laser scanning probe of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flip transmission mechanism and laser scanning probe from a second perspective of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the flexible shaft mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible shaft portion of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the flexible handle assembly and the floating component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each column section in the flexible handle assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible shaft idle component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible shaft and the flexible shaft empty component of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the locking tooth portion of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the detection process according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 1. Floating component; 2. Active guide wheel assembly; 3. Passive guide wheel assembly; 4. Transmission box; 5. Tilting transmission mechanism; 6. Laser scanning probe; 7. Flexible shaft mechanism; 8. Flexible handle assembly; 9. Flexible shaft idler assembly; 101. Floating bracket; 102. Inner horizontal plate; 103. Inner vertical plate; 104. Side cover plate; 201. Active slide rail; 202. Active slide block; 203. Follower shaft; 204. Dual-axis motor; 205. Rough-surface guide wheel; 206. First support spring; 2 07. First mounting hole; 208. Limiting seat; 301. Passive slide rail; 302. Passive slide block; 303. Passive shaft; 304. Smooth guide wheel; 305. Second support spring; 306. Second mounting hole; 401. Housing; 402. Housing cover; 501. Input shaft seat; 502. Input shaft; 503. Input large gear; 504. Speed ​​change shaft seat; 505. Speed ​​change shaft; 506. Speed ​​change gear; 507. Rotary cam; 508. Rotary eccentric shaft; 509. Rocker arm 510. Rotary seat; 511. Rocker arm; 512. Transmission groove; 513. Reciprocating shaft seat; 514. Reciprocating rotating shaft; 515. Mounting seat; 516. Reciprocating cam; 517. Reciprocating eccentric shaft; 701. Output hexagonal column; 702. Input hexagonal column; 703. Flexible shaft; 704. Flexible shaft guide seat; 705. Hexagonal groove; 801. End cap; 802. End joint column; 803. Connecting joint column; 804. Handle; 805. Elastic support spring; 806. Flexible hose; 807. 808. Cable guide hole; 809. Handle connecting post; 810. Connecting post pivot; 811. Connecting pivot; 812. End pivot; 813. End pivot; 814. End seat; 815. Lithium battery; 816. Human-machine interaction module; 901. Locking slide; 902. Locking slide; 903. Top spring; 904. Retaining block; 905. Locking helical gear ring; 906. Locking gear body; 907. Retaining groove; 908. Passive groove; 909. Empty hexagon. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Examples of the present invention for detecting the surface finish of the inner wall of a waveguide Figure 1-11 As shown, the active slide 202 in the active guide wheel assembly 2 and the passive slide 302 in the passive guide wheel assembly 3 are elastically slid outwards and inserted into two opposite sides of the floating member 1. The outer ends of the active slide 202 are provided with pairs of rough surface guide wheels 205, and one pair of rough surface guide wheels 205 can rotate freely and automatically. The outer ends of the passive slide 302 are provided with pairs of smooth surface guide wheels 304.

[0042] A rocker arm 510 is screwed to the head end of the floating component 1. Both sides of the rocker arm 510 have transmission grooves 511, which are not interconnected. The central axis of the rotating cam 507 is screwed to the head end of the floating component 1 and is connected to a set of automatically rotating rough-surface guide wheels 205 via a flexible shaft mechanism 7 in an unequal transmission ratio. This ensures that the rotational speed of the rotating cam 507 is higher than that of the rough-surface guide wheels 205. A rotating eccentric shaft 508 is screwed to the eccentric end of the rotating cam 507. The rotating eccentric shaft 508 is rolled within the transmission groove 511 on the same side. The central axis of the reciprocating cam 515 rotates... The shaft is screwed to the head end of the floating component 1. The laser scanning probe 6 is symmetrically installed at the head end of the central rotating shaft of the reciprocating cam 515. The eccentric end of the reciprocating cam 515 is screwed with a reciprocating eccentric shaft 516. The reciprocating eccentric shaft 516 is rolled in the transmission groove 511 on the same side. The rotating eccentric shaft 508 and the reciprocating eccentric shaft 516 do not interfere with each other. The continuous rotation of the rotating cam 507 can drive the reciprocating cam 515 to perform a 180° reciprocating flipping action around its central rotating shaft. The flexible handle assembly 8 is installed at the tail end of the floating component 1. It can be flexibly bent relative to the floating component 1 and also provides an electrical control source.

[0043] This device is suitable for detecting the inner wall smoothness of waveguides with a square cross-section and a non-linear curved path structure;

[0044] The active slide 202 and the passive slide 302, which are elastically slid into the two opposite sides of the floating component 1, can respectively face different surfaces of the inner wall of the waveguide.

[0045] Furthermore, when the active slide 202 and the passive slide 302 are in the free extended state, the rough surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth surface guide wheel 304 are both partially within the square cross-section of the waveguide, so that by pushing the floating component 1 towards the inner wall of the waveguide, each set of rough surface guide wheels 205 and smooth surface guide wheels 304 first elastically retracts, and then rolls and rubs against the inner wall of the waveguide.

[0046] Subsequently, by switching between the free rotation and automatic rotation modes of the rough surface guide wheel 205, two different detection methods can be formed;

[0047] Method 1: The flexible handle assembly 8 controls only the laser scanning probe 6. The operator holds the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8, inserts the device into the starting end of the inner wall of the waveguide to be tested, and then pushes the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8 to move the device from one end of the inner wall of the waveguide to the other.

[0048] Method 2: The flexible handle assembly 8 controls the laser scanning probe 6 and the rough surface guide wheel 205, so that the rough surface guide wheel 205 set on both sides of the floating component 1 can rotate automatically, so that after the device is inserted into the starting end of the inner wall of the waveguide to be tested, it can move automatically. At this time, the operator holds the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8 only to provide an auxiliary function.

[0049] The working principle is as follows:

[0050] In the initial state of the device, the active slide 202 and the passive slide 302 extend outward under elastic action, so that the rough-surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth-surface guide wheel 304 are partially located within the square cross-section of the waveguide. However, when the device is inserted into the inner wall of the waveguide, both the rough-surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth-surface guide wheel 304 contact the wall and elastically retract, subsequently forming rolling friction contact with the wall. This design ensures that the rough-surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth-surface guide wheel 304 can fit tightly against the inner wall of the waveguide, providing stable support and guidance for subsequent testing.

[0051] The elastic sliding of the active guide wheel assembly 2 and the passive guide wheel assembly 3 relative to the floating member 1 has a dual function. On the one hand, when the device is inserted into the inner wall of the waveguide, the elastic force allows the active slide 202 and the passive slide 302 to overcome the elastic force and retract inward, allowing the device to pass smoothly through the tube opening. On the other hand, after the device enters the tube opening, the elastic force continuously pushes the active slide 202 and the passive slide 302 outward, causing the rough surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth surface guide wheel 304 to be in close contact with the inner wall of the waveguide. This stable elastic thrust ensures that sufficient rolling friction is generated between the rough surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth surface guide wheel 304 and the tube wall, providing reliable driving and guiding force for the movement of the device and preventing slippage or deviation.

[0052] The flip transmission mechanism 5 is the key to realizing all-round detection of the inner wall of the square cross section. Since the rotary cam 507 and a set of rough surface guide wheels 205 that can rotate automatically are not proportionally driven, its speed is significantly higher than that of the rough surface guide wheels 205. When the rough surface guide wheels 205 rotate once with the device, the rotary cam 507 can rotate several times. Through the rolling of the rotary eccentric shaft 508 in the transmission groove 511 on the same side, it is converted into the rapid reciprocating swing of the rocker arm 510, which in turn drives the reciprocating cam 515 to perform high-frequency 180° reciprocating flip around its central axis. The laser scanning probe 6 installed at the head of the central axis of the reciprocating cam 515 also performs high-frequency reciprocating flip, thereby realizing rapid and dense scanning of the inner wall of the waveguide in a single stroke of the device moving along the tube wall, which greatly improves the detection efficiency.

[0053] As the device moves along the waveguide, the laser scanning probe 6, driven by the flipping transmission mechanism 5, scans the inner wall by reciprocating 180°. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the laser scanning probe 6, each flip of the laser scanning probe 6 can form a complete cross-sectional image of the inner wall. Through the built-in laser triangulation range sensor, the micro-morphological data of the pipe wall surface is collected in real time, the position of the reflected light spot is converted into an electrical signal, and the algorithm is used to generate surface finish parameters (such as Ra and Rz values), thereby realizing the quantitative detection and defect identification of the surface finish of the waveguide inner wall.

[0054] The laser scanning probe 6 uses a laser displacement sensor of model LK-G500 with a measurement resolution of 0.5μm. It can collect and calculate the surface finish of the inner wall of the waveguide in real time, such as the Ra value.

[0055] The device offers the following two detection modes to meet different detection needs:

[0056] Manual push mode: The flexible handle assembly 8 only controls the laser scanning probe 6. The operator holds the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8, inserts the device into the starting end of the waveguide inner wall, and then pushes the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8 to move the device from one end of the waveguide inner wall to the other. In this mode, the rough surface guide wheel 205 and the smooth surface guide wheel 304 only serve as guides and supports, and the laser scanning probe 6 performs continuous scanning as the device moves.

[0057] In this mode, the flexible handle assembly 8 only controls the laser scanning probe 6, while the rough surface guide wheel 205 rotates freely. The operator holds the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8 and can sense the pipe wall resistance and device posture by touch, which is convenient for detection in complex curved sections and avoids data omissions caused by excessive automatic travel speed. At the same time, the manual mode is more suitable for spot-checking of known defect areas. The operator can slow down the advance speed and move back and forth in this area based on the detection result data of the display connected to the laser scanning probe 6 to obtain higher resolution local morphology data. This is suitable for prototype verification or sampling inspection of high-precision samples in the R&D stage.

[0058] Automatic movement mode: The flexible handle assembly 8 simultaneously controls the laser scanning probe 6 and the rough surface guide wheel 205, so that the rough surface guide wheels 205 on both sides of the floating component 1 can rotate automatically. After the device is inserted into the starting end of the waveguide inner wall, the automatic rotation of the rough surface guide wheel 205 drives the device to move automatically along the inner wall of the waveguide. The operator holds the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8 only to assist. In this mode, the device achieves autonomous movement. Combined with the high-frequency flip scanning of the laser scanning probe 6, the automation level of the detection is further improved.

[0059] In this mode, the flexible handle assembly 8 simultaneously drives the automatic rotation of the rough-surface guide wheel 205, providing continuous propulsion for the device. The operator only needs to hold the tail end of the flexible handle assembly 8 for auxiliary guidance. The device can move autonomously along the inner wall of the waveguide at a constant speed, eliminating detection errors caused by uneven human thrust and ensuring the consistency of data collected by the laser scanning probe 6. It is suitable for full-length scanning of waveguides with only standard length, which can greatly improve detection efficiency and reduce manual labor intensity. It is suitable for quality inspection in mass production or final inspection before delivery, meeting the needs of efficient and standardized industrial testing.

[0060] The flexible handle assembly 8 is installed at the tail end of the floating member 1. It can be flexibly bent relative to the floating member 1 to adapt to the non-linear bending path of the waveguide, and can also provide an electrical control source to ensure the stable operation of the laser scanning probe 6 and the rough surface guide wheel 205 in complex paths.

[0061] When the device travels on a non-linear section of the inner wall of the waveguide, the flexible handle assembly 8 can undergo elastic deformation synchronously with the posture of the device and can maintain the torque transmission between the tail end and the head end.

[0062] The specific structures of floating component 1, active guide wheel assembly 2, and passive guide wheel assembly 3 are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the floating bracket 101 serves as the main body of the floating component 1. The inner horizontal plate 102 is fixed in the middle of the floating bracket 101. The inner vertical plate 103 is also symmetrically fixed in the floating bracket 101. The tail end of the floating bracket 101 is fixed with a side cover plate 104.

[0063] Active slides 201 are provided on a set of opposite sides of the floating bracket 101. Active slides 202 are slidably inserted into the active slides 201. Follower shafts 203 are screwed to one side of the outer end of the active slides 202. A dual-axis motor 204 is fixedly installed on the other side of the outer end of the active slides 202. Rough-surface guide wheels 205 are inserted into both ends of the follower shaft 203 and the shaft ends on both sides of the dual-axis motor 204.

[0064] Furthermore, the dual-axis motor 204 does not protrude from the rough surface guide wheel 205, so that the dual-axis motor 204 will not interfere with the rotation of the rough surface guide wheel 205;

[0065] Each active slide 202 is provided with a first support spring 206 between itself and the inner cross plate 102, which provides outward support elastic force for the active slide 202;

[0066] The first mounting hole 207 is located in the middle of the main body of the active slide 202. One end of the first support spring 206 is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the first mounting hole 207, and the other end is fixed to the inner horizontal plate 102.

[0067] The floating bracket 101 has a passive slide rail 301 on each of its opposite sides. The passive slide block 302 is slidably inserted into the passive slide rail 301. The passive shaft 303 is screwed to the outer end of the passive slide block 302. Each set of passive shafts 303 has a smooth surface guide wheel 304 inserted at both ends.

[0068] A second support spring 305 is provided between the passive slide 302 and the inner vertical plate 103 on the same side, which is used to provide outward support elastic force for the passive slide 302;

[0069] The second mounting hole 306 is formed in the main body of the passive slide 302. One end of the second support spring 305 is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the second mounting hole 306, and the other end is fixed to the inner vertical plate 103.

[0070] The inner corners of the passive slide 302 and the active slide 202 are also evenly fixed with limit seats 208 to prevent the passive slide 302 and the active slide 202 from abnormally separating from the floating support 101.

[0071] The preload of the first support spring 206 and the second support spring 305 is 2-5N, allowing the maximum sliding stroke of the active slide 202 and the passive slide 302 to be 10mm;

[0072] The rough-surfaced guide wheel 205 is covered with a layer of nitrile rubber with a high coefficient of friction, so that its static friction coefficient with the inner wall of the waveguide is 0.65. This is designed to provide sufficient friction to form effective rotation in the traveling mode. The smooth-surfaced guide wheel 304 has a smaller surface finish, which is designed to reduce frictional resistance and serve as support and auxiliary guidance. The two work together to ensure both the driving force for the device's movement and the smoothness and stability of the movement process.

[0073] The specific structures of the transmission box 4, the tilting transmission mechanism 5, and the flexible shaft mechanism 7 are as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the tail end of the box 401 is fixedly connected to the head end of the floating bracket 101, and the box cover 402 is attached to the opening at the top of the box 401.

[0074] An input shaft seat 501 is fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the housing 401. An input shaft 502 is screwed into the input shaft seat 501, and a large input gear 503 is inserted into the head end of the input shaft 502.

[0075] The rear end side wall of the housing 401 is also fixed with a gear shift shaft seat 504, a gear shift shaft 505 is screwed into the gear shift shaft seat 504, a gear shift gear 506 is inserted into the rear end of the gear shift shaft 505, and the gear shift gear 506 meshes with the input large gear 503 to realize the unequal ratio transmission connection between the rough surface guide wheel 205 and the rotary cam 507.

[0076] The center of the rotary cam 507 is fixedly connected to the head end of the transmission shaft 505, and the bottom end of the housing 401 is fixed with a rocker arm seat 509, and the bottom end of the rocker arm 510 is screwed to the rocker arm seat 509.

[0077] A reciprocating shaft seat 512 is fixedly installed on the front end side wall of the housing 401. A reciprocating shaft 513 is screwed into the reciprocating shaft seat 512. The center of the reciprocating cam 515 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the reciprocating shaft 513. A mounting base 514 is fixedly connected to the front end of the reciprocating shaft 513. The laser scanning probe 6 is symmetrically installed in the mounting base 514.

[0078] The input hexagonal column 702 is fixed to the tail end of the input shaft 502. The output hexagonal column 701 is fixed in one end of the shaft of the dual-axis motor 204 adjacent to the input hexagonal column 702. The flexible shaft 703 is respectively engaged in the output hexagonal column 701 and the input hexagonal column 702 through the hexagonal slots 705 opened at both ends. The end of the flexible shaft 703 connected to the output hexagonal column 701 can be plugged in and detached.

[0079] A set of rough-surfaced guide wheels 205 that can rotate automatically are effectively connected to the input shaft 502, and this connection is not affected by the elastic movement of the active slide 202.

[0080] In order to achieve stable and reliable transmission of the flexible shaft 703, a flexible shaft guide seat 704 is also installed and fixed at the top of the floating bracket 101. The number of flexible shaft guide seats 704 is set to achieve stable transmission of the flexible shaft 703. The flexible shaft 703 is sleeved in the flexible shaft guide seat 704. The flexible shaft guide seat 704 can guide the arrangement of the flexible shaft 703 without affecting the rotation of the flexible shaft 703.

[0081] Example 2:

[0082] The connection between the flexible handle assembly 8 and the floating member 1, and examples of the specific structure of the flexible handle assembly 8 of the present invention. Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the end cap 801 is fixedly connected to the side cover plate 104, the end seat 814 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the end cap 801, the head end of the handle 804 is fixedly connected to the handle connecting post 808, the head end groove of the handle connecting post 808 is fixedly connected to the connecting post shaft 809, and an array of connecting post 803 and at least one set of end post 802 are arranged between the connecting post shaft 809 and the end seat 814.

[0083] A connecting pivot 810 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the connecting column 803, and a connecting shaft 811 is fixedly connected to the head end groove. An end pivot 812 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the end column 802, and an end shaft 813 is fixedly connected to the head end groove.

[0084] The lithium battery 815 is mounted and fixed in the middle of the end segment post 802;

[0085] The array connecting column 803 is connected to the connecting shaft 811 and the connecting rotating seat 810 at the head and tail respectively. The connecting rotating seat 810 at the tail end is connected to the connecting column shaft 809, the connecting shaft 811 at the head end is connected to the end rotating seat 812, and the end rotating shaft 813 is connected to the end seat 814.

[0086] The handle connecting post 808, the array of connecting post 803, at least one set of end post 802 and end cap 801 form a multi-section connecting rod structure;

[0087] The elastic support spring 805 is sleeved on the outside of the handle connecting post 808, the connecting section post 803, the end section post 802 and the end seat 814, and one end of the handle 804 is fixed to the end cover 801 and the other end is fixed to the handle 804. It can form an elastic support for the multi-section connecting rod structure composed of the handle connecting post 808, the array of connecting section posts 803, at least one set of end section posts 802 and the end cover 801, so that it can bend flexibly and elastically.

[0088] A flexible hose 806 is sleeved on the outside of the elastic support spring 805. One end of the flexible hose 806 is connected to the handle 804 and the other end is connected to the end cap 801. This is used to isolate the elastic support spring 805, the handle connecting post 808, the array of connecting posts 803, at least one set of end posts 802 and the end cap 801 into a multi-section linkage structure from the external environment, so as to prevent its hard surface from scratching the inner wall of the waveguide.

[0089] The multi-section linkage structure consisting of the handle connecting post 808, the array of connecting segments 803, at least one set of end segments 802, and the end cap 801 shown in the attached figure is designed to accommodate the waveguide's bending in one direction. If necessary, the screw-in structure formed by the connecting pivot 810 and the connecting post pivot 809, the head-to-tail screw-in structure formed by the connecting pivot 811 and the connecting pivot 810 for each set of connecting segments 803, and the screw-in structure formed by the end pivot 813 and the end cap 814 can be replaced with universal joints to accommodate the waveguide's bending in different directions. This is the prior art.

[0090] The main body of the handle 804 is equipped with a human-machine interaction module 816. The lithium battery 815, the dual-axis motor 204 and the laser scanning probe 6 are all electrically connected to the human-machine interaction module 816. The end cover 801, the side cover plate 104 and the main body of the housing 401 are all provided with wire holes 807 to realize the electrical connection wires. The multi-section linkage structure composed of the handle connecting post 808, the array of connecting posts 803, at least one set of end posts 802 and the end cover 801 and the setting of the elastic support spring 805 will not affect the wiring arrangement of the lithium battery 815, the dual-axis motor 204 and the laser scanning probe 6 and the human-machine interaction module 816.

[0091] The human-machine interaction module 816 is connected to an external computer or other intelligent terminal via a wired or wireless communication interface to form a data interaction network. The human-machine interaction module 816 is used to upload the processed detection data to the external intelligent terminal and receive control commands issued by the external intelligent terminal to realize the monitoring and parameter configuration of the device.

[0092] Example 3:

[0093] Examples of this invention for point-to-point detection of a specific surface of the inner wall of a waveguide Figure 1 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown;

[0094] A flexible shaft idle assembly 9 is also installed between the top of the floating bracket 101 and the input gear 503, which can form a fixed-point verification mode. The locking groove 901 in the flexible shaft idle assembly 9 is opened on the rear side wall of the housing 401, and the locking slide 902 is slidably inserted into the locking groove 901.

[0095] A locking helical gear ring 905 is fixedly connected to the end face of the input gear 503, and a locking tooth 906 is fixedly connected to the head end of the locking slide 902. A top spring 903 is connected between the rear end side wall of the housing 401 and the rear end corner of the locking slide 902. Under the support of the top spring 903, the locking slide 902 can be elastically moved away from the input gear 503. The locking tooth 906 and the locking helical gear ring 905 will not form a jamming engagement. In this state, the locking slide 902 is still safely slidably connected in the locking groove 901 and will not disengage.

[0096] A retaining block 904 is fixed at the top of the floating bracket 101 and at the position directly opposite the locking slide 902. A retaining groove 907 and a passive groove 908 are respectively opened at the position directly opposite the locking slide 902. An empty hexagon 909 is fixed at the top corner of the retaining block 904.

[0097] When the flexible shaft 703 is connected between the output hexagonal column 701 and the input hexagonal column 702, under the elastic support of the top spring 903, the passive groove 908 and the retaining groove 907 are in a mutually tightened state, the locking tooth body 906 and the locking helical gear ring 905 will not form a jamming fit, and the input large gear 503 can rotate freely with the fit.

[0098] By pulling out the flexible shaft 703 from the output hexagonal post 701 and opening the passive slot 908, one end of the pulled-out flexible shaft 703 is inserted into the empty hexagonal slot 909 through the hexagonal slot 705, thus safely placing the flexible shaft 703 in its unused state.

[0099] At this time, the input gear 503 is disengaged from the rough surface guide wheel 205, which is suitable for manual re-inspection of a certain side of the inner wall of the waveguide. After the input gear 503 is disengaged from the rough surface guide wheel 205, the laser scanning probe 6 is visually inspected and manually rotated so that one set of laser scanning probes 6 is rotated to a position directly opposite the side of the waveguide to be re-inspected. After the adjustment is completed, the operator holds the laser scanning probe 6 with one hand and uses the other hand to open one end of the flexible shaft 703 and insert it into the empty hexagon 909 through the passive groove 908.

[0100] During the process of the passive slot 908 being opened by the flexible shaft 703 inserted into it, the supporting elastic force of the top spring 903 is overcome, pushing the locking slide 902, so that the locking tooth 906 and the locking helical tooth ring 905 form a snap-fit ​​engagement, locking the free rotation state of the input gear 503. After the input gear 503 cannot rotate freely, the laser scanning probe 6 that has been adjusted to the position naturally cannot rotate freely, that is, the reciprocating rotation function of the laser scanning probe 6 is canceled.

[0101] Since the elastic clamping action of the passive groove 908 and the retaining groove 907 on the outside of the flexible shaft 703 is based on the insertion of one end of the flexible shaft 703 into the empty hexagonal 909 through the hexagonal groove 705, under the condition that one end of the flexible shaft 703 is provided with an empty hexagonal 909, the clamping work of the passive groove 908 and the retaining groove 907 on the flexible shaft 703 will not damage the flexible shaft 703, and can also ensure the movement stroke of the locking slide 902, so that the locking tooth 906 can be engaged in the locking helical tooth ring 905;

[0102] Furthermore, since the scanning spot of the laser scanning probe 6 is designed to cover the full width of the inner wall of any side of the waveguide, as the device moves on the inner wall of the waveguide, the laser scanning probe 6 can more meticulously inspect the inner wall of the waveguide on the side directly opposite it, which is suitable for fixed-point high-precision verification.

[0103] Although the locking structure formed by the locking helical gear ring 905 and the locking tooth body 906 has an angular resolution limitation, which makes it impossible for the input large gear 503 to be positioned absolutely accurately, this small angular deviation does not affect the detection effectiveness and data integrity of the laser scanning probe 6 on one side of the inner wall of the waveguide.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser detection device for the smoothness of the inner wall of a waveguide, comprising a floating component (1), characterized in that: It also includes an active guide wheel assembly (2), a passive guide wheel assembly (3), a flip transmission mechanism (5), a laser scanning probe (6), and a flexible handle assembly (8). The active guide wheel assembly (2) includes an active slide (202), the passive guide wheel assembly (3) includes a passive slide (302), and the flip transmission mechanism (5) includes a rotary cam (507) and a reciprocating cam (515). The active slide (202) and the passive slide (302) are elastically slid outwards and inserted into the two opposite sides of the floating component (1). The outer ends of the active slide (202) are provided with a pair of rough-surfaced guide wheels (205), and one pair of rough-surfaced guide wheels (205) can rotate freely and automatically. The outer ends of the passive slide (302) are provided with a pair of smooth-surfaced guide wheels (304). The head end of the floating component (1) is screwed with a rocker arm (510). The main body of the rocker arm (510) is provided with transmission grooves (511) on both sides. The central axis of the rotary cam (507) is screwed with the head end of the floating component (1) and is unequally connected to a set of rough-surfaced guide wheels (205) that can rotate automatically. The eccentric end of the rotary cam (507) rotates... A rotating eccentric shaft (508) is connected to the transmission groove (511) on the same side. The central shaft of the reciprocating cam (515) is screwed to the head end of the floating component (1). The laser scanning probe (6) is symmetrically installed at the head end of the central shaft of the reciprocating cam (515). The eccentric end of the reciprocating cam (515) is screwed to a reciprocating eccentric shaft (516). The reciprocating eccentric shaft (516) is screwed to the transmission groove (511) on the same side. The continuous rotation of the rotating cam (507) can drive the reciprocating cam (515) to perform a 180° reciprocating flipping action around its central shaft. The flexible handle assembly (8) is installed at the tail end of the floating component (1). It can be flexibly bent relative to the floating component (1) and can also provide an electrical control source.

2. The laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating component (1) includes a floating support (101) and an inner horizontal plate (102). The inner horizontal plate (102) is fixed in the middle of the floating support (101). An inner vertical plate (103) is also symmetrically fixed in the floating support (101). A side cover plate (104) is fixed to the tail end of the floating support (101).

3. The laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active guide wheel assembly (2) also includes a follower shaft (203) and a first mounting hole (207). An active slide rail (201) is provided in a set of opposite sides of the floating bracket (101). The active slide (202) is slidably inserted into the active slide rail (201). The follower shaft (203) is screwed to one side of the outer end of the active slide (202). A dual-axis motor (204) is fixedly installed on the other side of the outer end of the active slide (202). The two ends of the follower shaft (203) and the shaft ends on both sides of the dual-axis motor (204) are all fitted with rough-surface guide wheels (205). A first support spring (206) is provided between each set of active slides (202) and the inner horizontal plate (102). The first mounting hole (207) is opened in the middle of the main body of the active slide (202). One end of the first support spring (206) is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the first mounting hole (207), and the other end is fixed to the inner horizontal plate (102).

4. A laser detection device for the smoothness of the inner wall of a waveguide according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The passive guide wheel assembly (3) also includes a passive shaft (303) and a second mounting hole (306). A passive slide (301) is provided in another set of sides opposite to the floating bracket (101). The passive slide (302) is slidably inserted into the passive slide (301). The passive shaft (303) is screwed to the outer end of the passive slide (302). Both ends of each set of passive shafts (303) are inserted with a smooth surface guide wheel (304). A second support spring (305) is provided between the passive slide (302) on the same side and the inner vertical plate (103). The second mounting hole (306) is opened in the main body of the passive slide (302). One end of the second support spring (305) is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the second mounting hole (306), and the other end is fixed to the inner vertical plate (103).

5. A laser detection device for the smoothness of the inner wall of a waveguide according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission box (4), which includes a box body (401) and a box cover (402). The tail end of the box body (401) is fixedly connected to the head end of the floating support (101), and the box cover (402) is attached to the opening at the top of the box body (401).

6. The laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flip transmission mechanism (5) also includes an input shaft (502), an input gear (503), and a reciprocating shaft (513). An input shaft seat (501) is fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the housing (401). The input shaft (502) is screwed into the input shaft seat (501), and the input gear (503) is inserted into the head end of the input shaft (502). A gear shifting shaft seat (504) is also fixed on the rear side wall of the housing (401). A gear shifting shaft (505) is screwed into the gear shifting shaft seat (504), and a gear shifting gear (506) is inserted into the tail end of the gear shifting shaft (505). The gear shifting gear (506) and the input gear (502) are connected to each other. 3) Engagement: The center of the rotary cam (507) is fixed to the head end of the transmission shaft (505). The bottom end of the housing (401) is fixed with a rocker arm seat (509). The bottom end of the rocker arm (510) is screwed to the rocker arm seat (509). The side wall of the head end of the housing (401) is fixed with a reciprocating shaft seat (512). The reciprocating shaft (513) is screwed into the reciprocating shaft seat (512). The center of the reciprocating cam (515) is fixed to the tail end of the reciprocating shaft (513). The head end of the reciprocating shaft (513) is fixed with a mounting seat (514). The laser scanning probe (6) is symmetrically installed in the mounting seat (514).

7. A laser detection device for the smoothness of the inner wall of a waveguide according to claim 2, 3, or 6, characterized in that: The flexible handle assembly (8) includes an end cap (801), a handle (804), an elastic support spring (805), a flexible hose (806), an end seat (814), and a lithium battery (815). The end cap (801) is fixedly connected to the side cover plate (104), and the end seat (814) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the end cap (801). A handle connecting post (808) is fixedly connected to the head end of the handle (804), and a handle connecting post (808) is fixedly connected to the groove at the head end of the handle connecting post (808). There is a connecting column shaft (809), an array of connecting sections (803) and at least one set of end sections (802) are arranged between the connecting column shaft (809) and the end seat (814). The tail end of the connecting section (803) is fixedly connected to a connecting rotating seat (810), and the head end groove is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (811). The tail end of the end section (802) is fixedly connected to an end rotating seat (812), and the head end groove is fixedly connected to an end shaft (813). The lithium battery (815) is installed and fixed in the middle of the end segment (802). The array of connecting segments (803) are connected end to end by connecting shaft (811) and connecting pivot (810) in sequence. The set of connecting pivots (810) at the end is connected to the connecting column shaft (809). The set of connecting shafts (811) at the beginning is connected to the end pivot (812). The end shaft (813) is connected to the end seat (814). The elastic support spring ( 805) is sleeved on the outside of the handle connecting post (808), connecting section post (803), end section post (802) and end seat (814), and one end of the handle (804) is fixed to the end cap (801), and the other end is fixed to the handle (804). A flexible hose (806) is sleeved on the outside of the elastic support spring (805), one end of the flexible hose (806) is connected to the handle (804), and the other end is connected to the end cap (801).

8. The laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main body of the handle (804) is equipped with a human-computer interaction module (816), and the lithium battery (815), dual-axis motor (204) and laser scanning probe (6) are all electrically connected to the human-computer interaction module (816).

9. A laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a flexible shaft mechanism (7), which includes an input hexagonal column (702), a flexible shaft (703) and a hexagonal slot (705). The input hexagonal column (702) is fixed to the tail end of the input shaft (502). An output hexagonal column (701) is fixed in one end of the shaft of the dual-axis motor (204) adjacent to the input hexagonal column (702). The flexible shaft (703) is respectively engaged in the output hexagonal column (701) and the input hexagonal column (702) through the hexagonal slots (705) opened at both ends.

10. A laser detection device for the inner wall smoothness of a waveguide according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that: A flexible shaft vacant assembly (9) is also installed between the top of the floating bracket (101) and the input gear (503). The flexible shaft vacant assembly (9) includes a locking groove (901), a locking slide (902), a top spring (903), and a vacant hexagon (909). The locking groove (901) is opened on the rear side wall of the housing (401). The locking slide (902) is slidably inserted into the locking groove (901). A locking helical gear ring (909) is fixedly connected to the end face of the input gear (503). 05), the head end of the locking slide (902) is fixed with a locking tooth (906), the top spring (903) is connected between the tail end side wall of the housing (401) and the tail end of the locking slide (902), the top end of the floating bracket (101) is fixed with a retaining block (904), the retaining block (904) and the locking slide (902) are respectively provided with a retaining groove (907) and a passive groove (908) at the position directly opposite to the retaining block (902), and the empty hexagon (909) is fixed to the top end of the retaining block (904).

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