A wired and wireless charging power distribution method and system for a photovoltaic seat

Abstract

The present application relates to photovoltaic power supply control technical field, specifically to a kind of wired and wireless charging power distribution method and system of photovoltaic seat.The present application determines direct-current bus distributable power according to photovoltaic input available power and energy storage discharge limit, converts end side request power and maintenance power of wired or wireless charging channel into source side power, first guarantees maintenance power and then allocates balance;Determine observation occupied power according to bus input power and protocol state and maintain effective occupied power, deduct occupied power after reducing allocation takes effect and confirming input drop, and register to-be-effective occupied power before output increasing instruction, and transfer it into effective occupied power after increasing allocation takes effect.The corresponding system realizes the foregoing method through budget determination, source side conversion, target distribution, reduction control, release deduction, increasing reservation and occupied power transfer module, thereby avoiding the same power balance being repeatedly allocated in asynchronous power adjustment process, and reducing the risk that bus input power exceeds distributable power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power supply and distribution control technology, specifically to a wired and wireless charging power distribution method and system for a photovoltaic seat. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic seats installed in parks, walkways, and bus waiting areas typically connect photovoltaic panels and energy storage batteries to a low-voltage DC bus, supplying power to mobile devices via USB wired charging interfaces and inductive wireless charging transmitters. Existing equipment generally reads the photovoltaic power, energy storage status, and power requests from each interface, calculates the target power for each charging channel according to a fixed priority, ratio, or polling method, and then sends power adjustment commands to the wired DC converter and wireless charging transmitter to distribute charging power to multiple terminals within the limited bus power.

[0003] Photovoltaic input varies with sunlight, and the allowable discharge power of energy storage batteries is constrained by state of charge, temperature, and battery management limits. Furthermore, the protocol confirmation timing, power change ramp, and input power stabilization time of wired and wireless charging channels are inconsistent. Existing processing typically assumes that the planned reduction amount after the reduction instruction is issued can be used by other channels, without pre-allocating the budget for the increased amount that has been issued but not yet taken effect. Therefore, it cannot accurately reflect the actual bus power occupancy during asynchronous power regulation, potentially leading to the same power margin being repeatedly granted, causing the instantaneous total input of the charging channel to exceed the allocable power. Therefore, a wired and wireless charging power allocation method and system for photovoltaic seats is needed to solve the problem of repeated granting of bus power margin during asynchronous power regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for wired and wireless charging power distribution for a photovoltaic seat, comprising: S1. Determine the allocable power of the DC bus based on the available photovoltaic input power and the energy storage discharge limit. The charging channel can be a wired or wireless charging channel. S2. Convert the end-side requested power and end-side sustaining power of the charging channel into source-side requested power and source-side sustaining power not higher than the source-side requested power; S3. Based on the allocable power, first ensure the source-side maintenance power, then allocate the remaining balance with the source-side requested power as the upper limit to obtain the target source-side power of the charging channel; S4. Determine the observed occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status of the charging channel, and maintain the effective occupied power of the charging channel based on the observed occupied power. When the effective occupied power is higher than the target source power and there are no outstanding reduction instructions in the charging channel, send the reduction instruction to the charging channel. S5. Determine the amount of power that can be credited for release based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel, and deduct the effective occupied power based on the amount of power that can be credited for release. S6. For each charging channel, the smaller of the non-negative value of the difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power and the non-negative value of the difference between the allocable power and the sum of all effective occupied power and the recorded pending occupied power is recorded as the pending occupied power. When the pending occupied power is greater than zero, the corresponding allocation command is output. S7. After receiving confirmation of the effectiveness of the increased allocation instruction, the corresponding pending occupied power is added to the effective occupied power, and the pending occupied power is cleared.

[0005] Optionally, the allocatable power is the sum of the available photovoltaic input power and the energy storage discharge limit, minus the reserved power for the load inside the seat and the bus safety margin, which is a non-negative value. The energy storage discharge limit is zero when the energy storage unit is in a state where discharge is prohibited.

[0006] Optionally, the source-side requested power is the smaller of the power obtained by dividing the end-side requested power of the charging channel by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency of the charging channel and adding the static loss power of the charging channel, and the maximum bus input power of the charging channel. The source-side sustaining power is the smaller of the power obtained by dividing the end-side sustaining power of the charging channel by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency of the charging channel and adding the static loss power of the charging channel, and the source-side requested power.

[0007] Optionally, determining the target source-side power includes: When the sum of all the source-side sustaining power does not exceed the allocable power, the difference between each source-side requested power and its respective source-side sustaining power is determined as the power to be filled. Among the non-negative fill values ​​that are no greater than the maximum value among all the power to be filled, the maximum value that makes the sum of the smaller of the source-side sustaining power, the power to be filled, and the non-negative fill value not exceed the allocable power is selected as the target fill value. The target source-side power of each charging channel is determined by the sum of the smaller of the source-side sustaining power, the power to be filled, and the target fill value.

[0008] Optionally, the power consumed by the observation is the greater of the power converted to the bus side by the confirmed output level indicated by the protocol status and the maximum value of the bus input power within the holding window plus the measurement error margin. When the observed occupancy power is higher than the sum of the effective occupancy power and the corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the portion exceeding the sum is added to the effective occupancy power; when the observed occupancy power is not higher than the sum of the effective occupancy power and the corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the effective occupancy power is not reduced based on the observed occupancy power, wherein, when there is no corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the occupancy power to be activated is counted as zero.

[0009] Optionally, the process of determining the amount of data that can be credited based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction's effectiveness and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel includes: When the reduction instruction is issued, the current value of the effective occupied power is frozen as the reduction benchmark, and a cumulative confirmed release amount and a recorded release amount are established, both of which are zero. After the effective time of the reduction command, confirmation windows are established sequentially, and the upper limit of the bus input power of each confirmation window is obtained; For each confirmation window, the upper limit of the bus input power and the measurement error margin are subtracted from the reduction benchmark, with negative values ​​counted as zero, and the smaller of the obtained power and the reduction amount of the reduction command is determined as the candidate confirmation release amount; The cumulative confirmed release amount is updated using the larger of the cumulative confirmed release amount and the candidate confirmed release amount. The portion of the cumulative confirmed release amount that exceeds the amount already credited for release is determined as the amount that can be credited for release, and the amount already credited for release is updated with the cumulative confirmed release amount. Before the cumulative confirmed release amount reaches the reduction amount of the corresponding reduction instruction, the reduction instruction is kept in an unsettled state, and no new reduction benchmark is established for the same charging channel.

[0010] Optionally, the duration of the confirmation window is not less than the maximum stabilization time of the converter of the charging channel and the protocol power control cycle, and each confirmation window includes at least three bus input power sample values. The upper bound of the bus input power is the maximum value among all the bus input power sample values, or a peak hold result that is not lower than the maximum value.

[0011] Optionally, the budget allocation of the pending power occupancy may be revoked and the pending power occupancy cleared in any of the following circumstances: the rejection feedback of the allocation instruction arrives, the acceptance period expires without acceptance, or the effective period expires without effective.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a wired and wireless charging power distribution system for a photovoltaic seat, used to implement the aforementioned method, and the system includes: The budget determination module is used to determine the allocable power of the DC bus based on the available power of the photovoltaic input and the energy storage discharge limit. The charging channel can be a wired or wireless charging channel. The source-side conversion module is used to convert the end-side requested power and end-side sustained power of the charging channel into the source-side requested power and the source-side sustained power not higher than the source-side requested power. The target allocation module is used to first ensure the source-side maintenance power based on the allocable power, and then allocate the balance with the source-side requested power as the upper limit to obtain the target source-side power of the charging channel; The power reduction control module is used to determine the observed occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status of the charging channel, and maintain the effective occupied power of the charging channel based on the observed occupied power. When the effective occupied power is higher than the target source-side power and there are no outstanding power reduction instructions in the charging channel, the power reduction instruction is sent to the charging channel. The release deduction module is used to determine the amount of power that can be credited for release based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel, and to deduct the effective occupied power based on the amount of power that can be credited for release. An additional configuration reserve module is used to sequentially configure the charging channel and record the smaller of the non-negative value of the difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power and the non-negative value of the difference between the allocable power and the sum of all effective occupied power and the recorded pending occupied power as the pending occupied power. When the pending occupied power is greater than zero, the corresponding additional configuration instruction is output. The occupancy transfer module is used to, upon receiving confirmation of the effectiveness of the allocation instruction, add the corresponding pending occupancy power to the effective occupancy power and clear the pending occupancy power.

[0013] Beneficial effects The technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By converting the end-side power of wired and wireless charging channels to the same bus-side power according to the lower bound of conversion efficiency and static loss power, and first ensuring the source-side maintenance power, the balance is allocated within the source-side requested power range, so that the target power of each channel corresponds to its actual bus occupancy, and the admitted charging session is maintained within the allocable power range.

[0014] 2. By deducting the effective occupied power after the reduction command takes effect and the upper limit of the bus input power in the confirmation window proves the decrease in input, and registering the occupied power to be effective before the increase command is output, the unconfirmed released power and the ineffective increase power continuously occupy the same budget. Combined with freezing the reduction benchmark, deducting the measurement error margin, monotonically updating the cumulative confirmed release amount, and deduplicating the recorded release amount, the same power margin can be prevented from being repeatedly granted during asynchronous power adjustment, reducing the risk that the total bus input power exceeds the allocable power boundary. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a wired and wireless charging power distribution method for a photovoltaic seat provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the overall process of wired and wireless charging power distribution for a photovoltaic seat provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the connection between the DC bus power supply and charging channel for a photovoltaic seat. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the recursive relationship between the confirmation window and the cumulative confirmed release amount provided by the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the timing interaction between configuration reduction confirmation and configuration increase effectiveness provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a wired and wireless charging power distribution system for a photovoltaic seat provided by the present invention; Figure 7 The timing evolution diagram of effective occupied power and pending occupied power provided for this invention; Figure 8 This invention provides a verification diagram of the bus input power boundary for the asynchronous power handover process. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This invention can be applied to parks, walkways, bus waiting areas, and other locations with public rest facilities. The photovoltaic seat simultaneously provides wired charging and inductive wireless charging to one or more mobile terminals. The power distribution controller initiates a scheduling event when a fixed scheduling cycle arrives, the photovoltaic power supply capacity changes, the energy storage discharge capacity changes, a charging session is established or terminated, the terminal-side request changes, or the channel command status changes. The scheduling targets are already admitted wired and wireless charging channels; new sessions are only included in the allocation set if their source-side maintenance power can be incorporated into the currently allocable power.

[0018] The photovoltaic seat uses a 24V DC bus. The photovoltaic panels are connected to the bus via a maximum power point tracking DC-DC converter, and the energy storage battery is connected to the bus via a bidirectional DC-DC converter. The battery management system provides energy storage discharge limits to the control side, and the internal loads of the seat are powered via an independent branch. The wired charging channel includes an adjustable DC-DC converter, a wired charging interface controller, input and output voltage and current detection circuits, and a USB wired charging interface; the wireless charging channel includes a high-frequency inverter, a transmitting coil, a wireless charging transmitter controller, and input voltage and current detection circuits. The adjustable DC-DC converter converts the DC power from the bus to the output voltage and current required by the USB wired charging interface, and the high-frequency inverter converts the DC power from the bus to the high-frequency power required by the transmitting coil. The two types of interfaces transmit wired charging power and wireless charging power to the mobile terminal, respectively.

[0019] The power distribution controller, implemented by a microcontroller or embedded processor within the seat, reads the available photovoltaic input power, requested end-side power, end-side sustaining power, protocol status, and energy storage discharge limits via a digital communication interface, and reads the bus input power via an analog-to-digital converter interface. The photovoltaic panels, energy storage battery, 24V DC bus, internal seat loads, and the two types of charging channels constitute the energy path. The power distribution controller, along with the maximum power point tracking DC-DC converter, battery management system, wired charging interface controller, wireless charging transmitter controller, and various detection circuits, constitute the control and measurement signal path. The program and power ledger are stored in non-volatile memory; during runtime, the current scheduling version and channel records are loaded into the runtime storage area.

[0020] The power ledger uses a combined key consisting of channel identifier and instruction identifier. Each record stores at least the scheduling version number, effective occupied power, occupied power to be activated, reduction baseline, cumulative confirmed release amount, recorded release amount, instruction acceptance status, instruction execution status, acceptance time limit, activation time limit, and status timestamp. Power quantities are uniformly stored in watts and are stored using a non-negative fixed-point number with configurable resolution; quantities used to form the upper bound of occupancy are rounded up to a storage resolution, and quantities used to grant additional allocation are rounded down to an executable resolution. Event timestamps use the same monotonically increasing clock. The controller updates the power ledger using a write-before-write method: first, the old value, new value, channel identifier, and instruction identifier of the current operation are written, and then the occupancy field is committed; after a power outage and restart, committed records are restored with the new value, and uncommitted records are restored with the old value, thereby preventing the same instruction from being recorded repeatedly.

[0021] The channel parameter configuration table stores the lower bound of conversion efficiency, static loss power, measurement error margin, maximum converter settling time, protocol power control cycle, sampling cycle, minimum adjustment step size, and executable range according to channel model, power level, and allowable temperature range. It also stores the parameter version number and verification value. During calibration, the bus input power is first recorded when there is no load on the end side and the channel remains operational. The maximum value from each valid record is rounded up to the storage resolution and written to the static loss power field. Then, a non-zero load is applied point by point within each power level and allowable temperature range, and the channel bus input power and end-side output power are recorded respectively. The ratio of the difference between the end-side output power at each calibration point and the bus input power at that calibration point minus the static loss power is taken as the load conversion efficiency of the corresponding calibration point. The minimum value of the load conversion efficiency among all valid calibration points is written to the lower bound of conversion efficiency field.

[0022] The load transformation efficiency of the calibration point is according to It is confirmed that, among them, Indicates channel In the The output power at each calibration point is at the end side. This indicates the corresponding bus input power. This indicates the static power loss of the channel; only... The calibration point is taken as the valid calibration point.

[0023] The controller reads the upper limit of the error from the input voltage and input current sensing devices, and calculates the upper limit of the power error based on the most unfavorable combination of the voltage and current products. Specifically, for the channel... Let the upper limits of voltage and current within the allowable operating range be respectively... and The upper limits of absolute error for voltage detection and the upper limits of absolute error for current detection are respectively and The measurement error margin is calculated according to... It is confirmed that, among them, This represents the upper bound of the power error caused by analog-to-digital conversion, fixed-point quantization, and power calculation rounding; when the quantization error is not separately included... Set to zero. The resulting measurement error margin is then rounded up to the storage resolution and written to the measurement error margin field.

[0024] The channel controller confirms the execution of the power adjustment command and begins timing. Timing stops when three consecutive sampling points of the bus input power enter the measurement error range of the target power. The longest time recorded in each interval of the corresponding operating range is written into the converter's maximum stable time field. The protocol power control cycle and sampling cycle are directly read from the configuration values ​​of the channel controller and the sampling task. If parameter records are missing, verification fails, or the range exceeds the calibration range, the corresponding channel will not acquire new power, and the original effective occupied power and pending command records will remain unchanged.

[0025] The typical operating domain of this method requires that at the start of a scheduling version, the sum of all active power and all pending power does not exceed the allocable power, the sum of the source-side maintenance power of admitted sessions does not exceed this allocable power, and the decrease in power supply capacity during version execution is covered by the bus safety margin. If any condition is not met, the controller stops adding new configurations, retains the current ledger and pending instruction records, and triggers the existing undervoltage protection or session exit mechanism; a new scheduling version is established only after the power supply boundary and ledger state meet the above conditions again.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for wired and wireless charging power distribution for a photovoltaic seat, including: S1. Determine the allocable power of the DC bus based on the available photovoltaic input power and the energy storage discharge limit. The charging channel can be a wired or wireless charging channel. S2. Convert the end-side requested power and end-side sustaining power of the charging channel into source-side requested power and source-side sustaining power not higher than the source-side requested power; S3. Based on the allocable power, first ensure the source-side maintenance power, then allocate the remaining balance with the source-side requested power as the upper limit to obtain the target source-side power of the charging channel; S4. Determine the observed occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status of the charging channel, and maintain the effective occupied power of the charging channel based on the observed occupied power. When the effective occupied power is higher than the target source power and there are no outstanding reduction instructions in the charging channel, send the reduction instruction to the charging channel. S5. Determine the amount of power that can be credited for release based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel, and deduct the effective occupied power based on the amount of power that can be credited for release. S6. For each charging channel, the smaller of the non-negative value of the difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power and the non-negative value of the difference between the allocable power and the sum of all effective occupied power and the recorded pending occupied power is recorded as the pending occupied power. When the pending occupied power is greater than zero, the corresponding allocation command is output. S7. After receiving confirmation of the effectiveness of the increased allocation instruction, the corresponding pending occupied power is added to the effective occupied power, and the pending occupied power is cleared.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, S1 to S7 are executed sequentially from top to bottom. The power boundary, source-side power, occupancy status or command status formed in the previous step directly proceed to the next step. Figure 2 The overall closed loop is further described as follows: The process sequentially executes "determine the allocable power of the DC bus," "calculate the requested power and sustained power of the source side," "first ensure the sustained power of the source side and determine the target source side power," and "determine the observed occupied power and maintain the effective occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status." A judgment node is marked as "Is the effective occupied power higher than the target source side power and there are no outstanding reduction instructions?" If the answer is yes, the process executes "send reduction instruction," then subtracts and limits the reduction benchmark, the upper limit of the bus input power, and the measurement error margin, corresponding to the node "determine the amount that can be released and deduct the effective occupied power based on the reduction confirmation and the decrease in bus input power." If the answer is no, the process directly proceeds to "calculate the occupied power to be effective; if it is greater than zero, output the corresponding increase instruction." After the two branches merge, the process executes "transfer to effective occupied power upon confirmation of effectiveness; cancel the occupied power to be effective upon rejection or timeout," and finally "forms the allocation results for wired and wireless charging channels."

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, the photovoltaic panel outputs power to a maximum power point tracking DC-DC converter, which supplies power to the 24V DC bus and provides usable photovoltaic input power to the power distribution controller. The energy storage battery includes a battery management system (BMS), which exchanges power with a bidirectional DC-DC converter, which is bidirectionally connected to the 24V DC bus. The BMS provides energy storage discharge limits to the power distribution controller. The 24V DC bus supplies power to the load branch inside the seat and also supplies power to the adjustable DC-DC converter and the high-frequency inverter. The adjustable DC-DC converter provides wired charging power to the mobile terminal via a USB wired charging interface; the high-frequency inverter provides wireless charging power to the mobile terminal via a transmitting coil. Input and output voltage and current detection circuits, as well as the input voltage and current detection circuit, transmit the detected bus input power to the power distribution controller. The two types of channel controllers bidirectionally exchange power requests, protocol status, reduction commands, and increase commands with the power distribution controller. Solid lines in the diagram represent energy paths, and dashed lines represent control and measurement signal paths.

[0029] For S1, specifically, at the start of the scheduling cycle, the power distribution controller reads the available photovoltaic input power published by the maximum power point tracking DC-DC converter, reads the energy storage discharge limit published by the battery management system, and obtains the reserved power for the seat's internal load and the bus safety margin. The available photovoltaic input power is the power allowed to be sent to the bus at the current maximum power point tracking operating point; the energy storage discharge limit is the maximum discharge power given by the battery management system under the constraints of the current state of charge, temperature, battery voltage, and allowable discharge current; the reserved power for the seat's internal load is the larger of the current power of the lighting, communication, and control branches and the upper limit of the power that must be reserved; the bus safety margin is configured by the bus rated voltage, allowable current margin, and power detection error. The controller first verifies the timestamps and units of the four inputs, and then converts the valid inputs to the same bus reference point. The freshness time limit is determined by the maximum update cycle of the corresponding message; in this embodiment, it is twice the update cycle. When the input exceeds the freshness time limit, the available photovoltaic input power or the energy storage discharge limit is treated as zero, and the reserved power for the internal load and the bus safety margin remain at the most recently valid conservative values.

[0030] Distributable power is determined by Confirmed. Among them, , , , , These represent, in order, the allocable power, available photovoltaic input power, energy storage discharge limit, reserved power for seat internal load, and bus safety margin. All values ​​are non-negative fixed-point power values ​​in watts. If the result within the parentheses is less than or equal to zero, the controller sets the allocable power to zero, disallows new external charging sessions, and retains the existing channel state for session exit mechanism processing. If the result within the parentheses is greater than zero, it is written to the budget field of the current scheduling version and passed to S3 and S6.

[0031] In some implementations, the allocatable power is the sum of the available photovoltaic input power and the energy storage discharge limit, minus the reserved power for the seat internal load and the bus safety margin; The energy storage discharge limit is zero when the energy storage unit is in a state where discharge is prohibited.

[0032] Specifically, the power distribution controller first adds the available photovoltaic input power to the energy storage discharge limit, then subtracts the reserved power for the seat's internal load and the bus safety margin in sequence, and finally truncates the negative result to zero and writes it into the allocable power field. The energy storage unit is in a prohibited discharge state including states reported by the battery management system as over-temperature, under-voltage, fault lockout, or zero allowable discharge current; if any state is true, the energy storage discharge limit is directly set to zero; if none of the states are true, the current limit value in the battery management system message is used. In this embodiment, the available photovoltaic input power is 28 W, the energy storage discharge limit is 20 W, the reserved power for the seat's internal load is 4 W, and the bus safety margin is 2 W. After adding and subtracting in sequence, the allocable power is 42 W.

[0033] For S2, specifically, the power distribution controller reads the channel identifier, end-side requested power, end-side sustaining power, conversion efficiency lower bound, static loss power, and maximum bus input power channel by channel. The wired charging interface controller multiplies the negotiated output voltage and current and writes the result into the end-side requested power field. Based on the current charging protocol type and protocol status, it retrieves the minimum output level required to maintain the current charging protocol session from the pre-saved correspondence between protocol status and minimum sustaining level, and converts this minimum output level into end-side sustaining power. When there is no valid charging session, the end-side sustaining power is set to zero. When the protocol status changes, the corresponding minimum sustaining level is retrieved again based on the changed protocol status. The wireless charging transmitter controller writes the receiver's requested level or requested power into the end-side requested power field. Based on the current wireless charging protocol state, it obtains the minimum transmission level required to maintain coupling, communication, and continuous power supply from the pre-saved correspondence between protocol state and minimum sustain transmission level, and converts the power corresponding to the minimum transmission level into the end-side sustain power. When there is no valid wireless charging session, the end-side sustain power is set to zero. When the protocol state changes, the corresponding minimum transmission level is obtained again.

[0034] The lower bound of the conversion efficiency is obtained from the load conversion efficiency calibration result of the corresponding power converter after deducting the static loss power within the operating voltage, power range and allowable temperature range. The static loss power is obtained from the no-load calibration. The maximum bus input power is obtained from the smaller value between the rated value of the channel power device and the upper limit of the protocol.

[0035] Source-side requested power and source-side sustaining power are converted according to the following minimum relationship:

[0036]

[0037] in, , , , , , , , This section sequentially represents the charging channel index, end-side requested power, end-side sustaining power, source-side requested power, source-side sustaining power, conversion efficiency lower bound, static loss power, and maximum bus input power within the current scheduling version. The conversion efficiency lower bound is a dimensionless number greater than zero and not greater than one; all other power variables are non-negative fixed-point numbers stored in watts. If the end-side request field is missing, the conversion efficiency lower bound is outside the allowed range, or the channel identifier is duplicated, the controller marks the channel as invalid input, does not grant it new power, and retains the exception code and the original occupancy record. The source-side requested power and source-side sustaining power of the valid channel, along with the channel identifier, are entered into S3.

[0038] Furthermore, the source-side requested power is the smaller of the power obtained by dividing the end-side requested power of the charging channel by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency of the charging channel and adding the static loss power of the charging channel, and the maximum bus input power of the charging channel. The source-side sustaining power is the smaller of the power obtained by dividing the end-side sustaining power of the charging channel by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency of the charging channel and adding the static loss power of the charging channel, and the source-side requested power.

[0039] Specifically, the controller first divides the requested power and sustaining power on the end side by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency for the same channel and the same operating range, and then adds the static loss power of that channel. If the calculated result on the request side exceeds the maximum bus input power, the maximum bus input power is used; otherwise, the calculated result on the request side is used. If the calculated result on the sustaining side exceeds the requested power on the source side, the requested power on the source side is used; otherwise, the calculated result on the sustaining side is used. This order ensures that the sustaining power on the source side is not higher than the requested power on the source side, and that the power of both the wired and wireless channels points to the same bus reference point. In this embodiment, the source sustaining power after conversion of W1, Q1, and Q2 is 6 W, 5 W, and 5 W, respectively, and the requested power on the source side is 26 W, 12 W, and 10 W, respectively.

[0040] For S3, specifically, target allocation uses incremental filling from the same source side. The controller first calculates the power to be filled for each valid channel, and then searches for the target filling value between zero and the maximum power to be filled. The search can be performed by ascending traversal of discrete executable levels or by binary search. During each trial, the controller adds the source-side sustaining power of each channel to the smaller of the power to be filled for that channel and the current trial value, and then sums the results for all channels. If the sum does not exceed the allocable power, the trial value is retained and the search continues upward; if the sum exceeds the allocable power, the upper bound is narrowed. After the search is completed, the maximum trial value that does not cause the sum to exceed the allocable power is used.

[0041] The minimum closure relation for this allocation process is:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] in, , , , , , The first channel index, the second channel index, the power to be filled corresponding to the first channel index, the non-negative fill value, the target fill value, and the target source-side power corresponding to the first channel index are represented sequentially. Both channel indices traverse all valid channels within the current scheduling version, while the second channel index is only used to obtain the maximum power to be filled. The power to be filled, fill value, and target source-side power are all in watts. When there are no valid channels, the controller outputs an empty target power list and sets the total external charging allocation power to zero. If the sum of all source-side sustaining power is greater than the allocable power, the controller does not perform balance allocation but stops admitting new sessions and assigns existing sessions to the device's existing degradation or exit mechanism; if the two are equal, the target fill value is zero and each target source-side power is equal to its respective source-side sustaining power; if the budget is sufficient to meet all requests, each target source-side power is equal to its respective source-side requested power.

[0045] In some implementations, determining the target source-side power includes: When the sum of all the source-side sustaining power does not exceed the allocable power, the difference between each source-side requested power and its respective source-side sustaining power is determined as the power to be filled. Among the non-negative fill values ​​that are no greater than the maximum value among all the power to be filled, the maximum value that makes the sum of the smaller of the source-side sustaining power, the power to be filled, and the non-negative fill value not exceed the allocable power is selected as the target fill value. The target source-side power of each charging channel is determined by the sum of the smaller of the source-side sustaining power, the power to be filled, and the target fill value.

[0046] Specifically, the controller reads the source-side requested power and source-side sustaining power of each channel in ascending order by channel identifier, subtracts them one by one, and sets any abnormal differences less than zero to zero, forming a list of power to be filled with channel identifiers. For continuous power channels, the binary search stops within the resolution threshold and continues to move down the range; for channels that only support discrete power levels, the controller traverses the candidate fill values ​​calculated from each executable power level and selects the largest candidate that satisfies the sum constraint. When multiple representative candidates produce the same total power, the largest fill value that does not cause the sum to exceed the limit is still selected; the actual power granted to each channel is further quantized down to the executable power level in S6. In this embodiment, the sum of the source-side sustaining power of the three channels is 16 W, and the fillable balance is 26 W; when the target fill value is 14 W, the increments of W1, Q1, and Q2 above the sustaining power are 14 W, 7 W, and 5 W, respectively, and the target source-side power is 20 W, 12 W, and 10 W, respectively, with a total of 42 W.

[0047] For S4, specifically, the power distribution controller reads the voltage and current sample values ​​at the channel input, pairs them at the same sampling time, multiplies them to obtain the instantaneous bus input power, and stores the maximum value within a holding window. The holding window is the most recent complete sampling window within the current scheduling cycle, whose duration covers at least one channel status reporting cycle and accommodates no less than three sample values; if there is no complete window, the original effective occupied power is not reduced. The confirmed output level in the protocol status is first converted into end-side power, then divided by the efficiency lower bound adopted in S2 and the static loss power is added, and the smaller of this and the maximum bus input power is taken to obtain the confirmed level power. The controller first adds the measurement error margin to the upper bound of the holding window, then takes the larger of this and the confirmed level power, and the result is used as the observed occupied power. The observed occupied power is used to determine whether the actual power occupancy of the current charging channel exceeds the occupancy already registered in the power ledger, and the effective occupied power is not directly reduced due to a decrease in the observed occupied power.

[0048] The observed power consumption is obtained through a two-step comparison: first, the non-negative measurement error margin is added to the maximum value of the bus input power within the holding window; then, the obtained power is compared with the power converted to the bus side by the confirmed output level, and the larger of the two values ​​is taken as the observed power consumption; all comparison quantities are in watts.

[0049] The controller compares the observed occupied power with the sum of the effective occupied power and the pending occupied power of the charging channel. When the observed occupied power is higher than the sum, the excess is added to the effective occupied power; when the observed occupied power is not higher than the sum, the effective occupied power remains unchanged. If there is no pending occupied power record, the pending occupied power is counted as zero. The reduction of effective occupied power is only performed based on the amount of data that can be credited for release as determined in S5.

[0050] For channels that have not yet been approved for activation and have no pending power occupancy, their effective power occupancy is set to zero. The controller compares the effective power occupancy with the target source-side power: if the former is greater than the latter and there are no outstanding power reduction instructions for the charging channel, the difference is used as the power reduction amount, and a power reduction instruction containing the scheduling version number, channel identifier, instruction identifier, target level, and power reduction amount is generated; if the former is less than or equal to the latter, or if there are outstanding power reduction instructions for the charging channel, no new power reduction instruction is generated; in the latter case, the latest target source-side power is retained for reassessment after the current power reduction instruction is settled.

[0051] Furthermore, the power consumed by the observation is the greater of the power converted to the bus side by the confirmed output level indicated by the protocol status and the maximum value of the bus input power within the holding window plus the measurement error margin. When the observed occupancy power is higher than the sum of the effective occupancy power and the corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the portion exceeding the sum is added to the effective occupancy power; when the observed occupancy power is not higher than the sum of the effective occupancy power and the corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the effective occupancy power is not reduced based on the observed occupancy power, wherein, when there is no corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the occupancy power to be activated is counted as zero.

[0052] Specifically, the confirmed gear conversion value is used to cover situations where the protocol has been confirmed but the power sampling has not yet fully increased, while the sum of the maximum window value and the measurement error margin is used to cover situations where the protocol has been downgraded but the physical input has not yet fully decreased. The power allocation controller performs a channel-by-channel maximum value comparison on both items, and the comparison result is used as the observed occupied power. The effective occupied power is maintained according to the aforementioned comparison relationship between the observed occupied power, the effective occupied power, and the sum of the pending occupied power. The maintained effective occupied power participates in subsequent budget deductions.

[0053] When power adjustment begins in this embodiment, the effective power occupied by W1, Q1 and Q2 is 10 W, 22 W and 10 W respectively; Q1's 22 W is higher than its target source power of 12 W, so the controller sends a reduction command of 10 W to Q1.

[0054] Specifically for S5, the controller does not consider the sending or acceptance of a reduction command by the channel controller as a sufficient condition for releasing the budget. When sending a reduction command, the controller freezes the current effective power usage of the channel as the reduction baseline and establishes a cumulative confirmed release amount and a recorded release amount field using the channel identifier and the reduction command identifier. The initial values ​​of both fields are zero. The candidate release amount is only calculated when the execution status of the same command enters the effective state and a valid sample is obtained from the complete confirmation window after the reduction command takes effect.

[0055] From the establishment of the reduction benchmark until the cumulative confirmed release amount reaches the reduction amount corresponding to the reduction instruction, the reduction instruction remains in an unresolved state. During the unresolved state, even if a new scheduling cycle determines that there is still a need for reduction based on the updated effective occupied power and target source-side power, the effective occupied power for the same charging channel will not be re-frozen as a new reduction benchmark, and a second set of cumulative confirmed release amounts and recorded release amounts will not be established. The new target source-side power will be retained, and after the current reduction instruction is resolved, a new assessment will be made based on the then-current effective occupied power and the latest target source-side power to determine whether further reduction is needed.

[0056] In some implementations, the process of determining the creditable release amount based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction's effectiveness and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel includes: When the reduction instruction is issued, the current value of the effective occupied power is frozen as the reduction benchmark, and a cumulative confirmed release amount and a recorded release amount are established, both of which are zero. After the effective time of the reduction command, confirmation windows are established sequentially, and the upper limit of the bus input power of each confirmation window is obtained; For each confirmation window, the upper limit of the bus input power and the measurement error margin are subtracted from the reduction benchmark, with negative values ​​counted as zero, and the smaller of the obtained power and the reduction amount of the reduction command is determined as the candidate confirmation release amount; The cumulative confirmed release amount is updated using the larger of the cumulative confirmed release amount and the candidate confirmed release amount. The portion of the cumulative confirmed release amount that exceeds the amount already credited for release is determined as the amount that can be credited for release, and the amount already credited for release is updated with the cumulative confirmed release amount. Before the cumulative confirmed release amount reaches the reduction amount of the corresponding reduction instruction, the reduction instruction is kept in an unsettled state, and no new reduction benchmark is established for the same charging channel.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, a series of confirmation windows are initiated when the reduction instruction takes effect. Each confirmation window contains a fixed reduction benchmark, the sampled bus input power value within that window, and an upper bound for the bus input power formed by the maximum value within the window; the measurement error margin is deducted from the difference between the reduction benchmark and the upper bound of the bus input power, and the reduction amount limits the result. Window observations, candidate quantities, cumulative quantities, and deduplication increments all use the following minimum formula set:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] in, , , , , , The sequence represents the confirmation window, channel index, window index incrementing from the beginning, sampling time in seconds, bus input power at the corresponding time, and upper limit of bus input power. , , , , , , , The following parameters are displayed sequentially: reduction baseline, measurement error margin, reduction amount, candidate confirmed release amount, cumulative confirmed release amount from the previous window, current cumulative confirmed release amount, already recorded release amount, and release amount that can be recorded in this window. The confirmation window is established after the reduction instruction takes effect; all the above power variables are non-negative fixed-point numbers in watts. The cumulative confirmed release amount from the previous window of the first window is read as zero. If the window has no valid sampling, the confirmation is invalid, or the window has not yet closed, no candidate quantity is generated in this window, and the original effective occupied power remains unchanged.

[0062] After the controller obtains the available release amount for this window, it reads the old value of the effective occupied power and the old value of the already recorded release amount in the same pre-write record transaction. It then writes the new value of the effective occupied power as the result of subtracting the available release amount for this window from the old value, and writes the new value of the already recorded release amount as the current cumulative confirmed release amount. The transaction is only committed after both new values ​​are successfully written; if either write or commit fails, both values ​​are restored to their old values ​​and the transaction failure status is recorded. This process ensures that the cumulative confirmed release amount remains monotonically constant and does not exceed the reduction amount, and that the same release amount is deducted only once across windows. If the input power rebounds in a later window, the candidate confirmed release amount can be reduced, but the current cumulative confirmed release amount will not be rolled back, nor will it form a newly recorded release amount. When the rebound in input power causes the subsequently determined observed occupied power to be higher than the sum of the current effective occupied power and the occupied power to be effective, the excess portion is re-included in the effective occupied power according to the method described in S4; this re-inclusion does not change the already formed cumulative confirmed release amount and the already recorded release amount.

[0063] Furthermore, the duration of the confirmation window is not less than the maximum stabilization time of the converter in the charging channel and the protocol power control cycle, and each confirmation window includes at least three bus input power sample values. The upper bound of the bus input power is the maximum value among all the bus input power sample values, or a peak hold result that is not lower than the maximum value.

[0064] Specifically, the power distribution controller reads the converter's maximum settling time, protocol power control cycle, and sampling cycle from the channel parameter configuration table with version numbers. It takes the larger of the two as the lower limit of the window duration and checks whether at least three sampling points can be accommodated within this duration. If not, the window duration is increased to three sampling cycles. The software implements a point-by-point comparison of the sampled values ​​within the window to obtain the maximum value; the hardware implements the ability to read the result latched by the peak hold circuit at the end of the window, but this result must not be lower than the maximum value of the synchronous sampling sequence. If sampling saturation, verification failure, or the peak hold result is lower than the maximum sampling value, the release amount of this window is not confirmed.

[0065] In this embodiment, the reduction benchmark for Q1 is 22 W, the target source-side power is 12 W, the reduction amount is 10 W, and the measurement error margin is 0.2 W. The upper limit of the bus input power in the first complete confirmation window is 13.0 W. First, 13.0 W and 0.2 W are subtracted sequentially from 22 W, and then limited by 10 W, resulting in a candidate confirmed release amount of 8.8 W. This value is higher than the cumulative amount of 0 W in the previous window, so both the current cumulative confirmed release amount and the release amount that can be credited this time are 8.8 W. The controller reduces the effective occupied power of Q1 from 22 W to 13.2 W and updates the credited release amount to 8.8 W. The upper limit of the bus input power in the next complete confirmation window is 11.8 W, the candidate confirmed release amount is 10 W, and the current cumulative confirmed release amount is updated to 10 W. After deducting the credited 8.8 W, the release amount that can be credited this time is only 1.2 W, and the effective occupied power of Q1 is reduced from 13.2 W to 12 W. Even if the candidate confirmed release amount drops to 90,000 in the next window, the cumulative confirmed release amount remains at 100,000, and no new release amount can be credited.

[0066] For S6, specifically, the power allocation controller processes the channels requiring additional allocation one by one in ascending order according to the channel identifiers frozen when this scheduling version was established. Before processing each channel, the controller deducts all effective occupied power and all recorded pending occupied power from the allocable power, truncating negative values ​​to zero, to obtain the current available balance; then, the difference between the target source power and the current effective occupied power is truncated to a non-negative value, and the smaller of this difference and the current available balance is taken to obtain the amount of additional allocation for this time. The corresponding budget boundary is:

[0067]

[0068] in, , , , , , The summation terms represent, in order: available balance, allocable power for the current scheduling version, effective occupied power corresponding to the channel index, pending occupied power for the same channel, target source-side power, and the amount of power added this time. All these quantities are non-negative fixed-point values ​​in watts. Both summation terms cover all channels in the current ledger; if a channel has no pending records, its pending occupied power is read as zero.

[0069] For continuously adjustable power channels, the controller determines the maximum executable value, which is not greater than the current increase amount, as the actual increase amount according to the executable power resolution of the channel. For discrete gear channels, the controller adds the current effective occupied power to the current increase amount to obtain the upper limit of the source-side power allowed for the current increase, converts each executable gear to the corresponding bus-side source-side power, selects the maximum executable gear that is not higher than the upper limit of the source-side power, and determines the difference between the source-side power corresponding to the executable gear and the current effective occupied power as the actual increase amount.

[0070] If the actual increase in allocation is less than the aforementioned increase in allocation, the power to be activated in this transaction is updated with the actual increase in allocation, and the difference not occupied by the actual increase in allocation is retained as an available balance. If the quantified actual increase in allocation is less than the minimum adjustment step size, the balance is maintained and no instruction is issued; if there are already outstanding records to be activated in the same channel, the channel is skipped and a second occupancy is not added; in other cases, when the actual increase in allocation is greater than zero, the channel identifier, scheduling version number, increase instruction identifier, actual increase in allocation, acceptance time limit, and activation time limit are first written into the ledger, and a power to be activated equal to the actual increase in allocation is registered first. The increase instruction is only output after the transaction is successfully committed.

[0071] In this embodiment, the initial release of 8.8 W reduces the total effective occupied power from 42 W to 33.2 W, leaving a usable balance of 8.8 W. The difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power of W1 is 10 W, therefore the initial allocation is 8.8 W. The controller first writes 8.8 W into the pending occupied power of W1, then sends the allocation command; at this point, the total effective occupied power is 33.2 W, the total pending occupied power is 8.8 W, and the usable balance is zero, totaling 42 W. In this embodiment, W1 is a channel supporting continuous power adjustment, and its executable power resolution is no greater than 0.1 W; therefore, both 8.8 W and 1.2 W are executable allocations.

[0072] For S7, specifically, the confirmation of effectiveness returned by the controller of the channel to be added must simultaneously carry the channel identifier, the addition instruction identifier, the scheduling version number, and the already effective level. The power allocation controller matches the record to be effective field by field and verifies that the sampled values ​​of three consecutive bus input power are not lower than the bus-side power corresponding to the already effective level after deducting the measurement error margin. When both fields and sampling conditions are met, the controller reads the old value of the effective occupied power and the corresponding occupied power to be effective in the same pre-write record transaction, writes the new value of the effective occupied power as the result of the old value plus the occupied power to be effective, and then writes the occupied power to be effective as zero; after both writes are successful, the transaction is submitted. The amount of addition and the amount of deletion are the same, so the total of the two types of occupied power remains unchanged, and the available balance is no longer deducted. The above processing only transfers the already registered occupied power to be effective to the effective occupied power in equal amounts, and does not add the same power occupation again according to the protocol level or bus input power after the addition is effective. When the confirmation fields are inconsistent, the confirmation comes from the old instruction, or the sampling conditions are not yet met, the controller retains the original record to be effective and records the reason, and does not submit the occupation transfer.

[0073] In this embodiment, after the 8.8 W increase in W1 takes effect, the effective power occupied by W1 increases from 10 W to 18.8 W, and the power to be activated is cleared from 8.8 W to zero. Q1 then generates a second 1.2 W release that can be credited, and S6 and S7 complete the second increase in W1 in the same order. Finally, the effective power occupied by W1, Q1, and Q2 are 20 W, 12 W, and 10 W respectively, and the power to be activated for each channel is zero, with a total occupancy of 42 W.

[0074] In some implementations, the budget allocation of the pending power occupancy is revoked and the pending power occupancy is cleared if the rejection feedback of the allocation instruction arrives, the acceptance period expires without acceptance, or the effective period expires without effective.

[0075] Specifically, the power ledger sets the following states for each pending record: awaiting acceptance, awaiting activation, activation submission, rejection cancellation, acceptance timeout cancellation, and activation timeout cancellation. The acceptance timeout is configured to be at least twice the maximum protocol response period of the corresponding channel; the activation timeout is no earlier than the sum of the acceptance timeout and the converter's maximum settling time, both of which are saved with the channel parameter version. When the controller returns rejection feedback for the channel to be added, the controller checks the channel identifier and the addition instruction identifier. If the match is successful, the status is changed to rejection cancellation, the budget occupancy is cancelled, and the pending activation power is cleared; if the current time is equal to or exceeds the acceptance timeout and the record is still in the awaiting acceptance state, acceptance timeout cancellation is executed; if the current time is equal to or exceeds the activation timeout and the record is still in the awaiting activation state, activation timeout cancellation is executed. Cancellation transactions only clear the corresponding pending activation power, do not reduce the already formed effective occupancy power, and leave the released quota for the next round of channel processing. If the same record has already entered the activation submission or any cancellation final state, repeated feedback is only recorded as an idempotent event and does not change the balance again.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, the power distribution controller, the charging channel controller to be reduced, the bus input power detection circuit, and the charging channel controller to be added interact in the same time direction. The power distribution controller first "generates and sends a reduction command," the charging channel controller to be reduced "accepts and executes the reduction command," and then returns to the "command acceptance status and command execution status." The bus input power detection circuit returns the bus input power sample value to the power distribution controller, enabling it to "obtain the bus input power sample value" and "deduct the effective occupied power according to the amount that can be released." Subsequently, the power distribution controller "first registers the occupied power to be effective" and "outputs an addition command," and the charging channel controller to be added "accepts the addition command and waits for it to take effect." In the normal branch, the charging channel controller to be added "forms an effectiveness confirmation when the addition takes effect," and the power distribution controller executes "after the effectiveness confirmation, adds the occupied power to be effective to the effective occupied power and clears the occupied power to be effective." In the abnormal branch, the charging channel controller to be added "forms a rejection feedback when it rejects the addition command," and the power distribution controller executes "rejection feedback, acceptance timeout, or effectiveness timeout, cancels the budget occupation, and clears the occupied power to be effective." The above timing sequence enables the reduction instruction, instruction acceptance status, instruction execution status, available release amount, effective occupied power, occupied power pending effect, increase instruction, effect confirmation, clearing of occupied power pending effect, rejection feedback, acceptance timeout, effect timeout, and cancellation of budget occupation to be tracked according to the instruction identifier.

[0077] Furthermore, the system is used to implement the aforementioned method, and the system includes: The budget determination module is used to determine the allocable power of the DC bus based on the available power of the photovoltaic input and the energy storage discharge limit. The charging channel can be a wired or wireless charging channel. The source-side conversion module is used to convert the end-side requested power and end-side sustained power of the charging channel into the source-side requested power and the source-side sustained power not higher than the source-side requested power. The target allocation module is used to first ensure the source-side maintenance power based on the allocable power, and then allocate the balance with the source-side requested power as the upper limit to obtain the target source-side power of the charging channel; The power reduction control module is used to determine the observed occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status of the charging channel, and maintain the effective occupied power of the charging channel based on the observed occupied power. When the effective occupied power is higher than the target source-side power and there are no outstanding power reduction instructions in the charging channel, the power reduction instruction is sent to the charging channel. The release deduction module is used to determine the amount of power that can be credited for release based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel, and to deduct the effective occupied power based on the amount of power that can be credited for release. An additional configuration reserve module is used to sequentially configure the charging channel and record the smaller of the non-negative value of the difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power and the non-negative value of the difference between the allocable power and the sum of all effective occupied power and the recorded pending occupied power as the pending occupied power. When the pending occupied power is greater than zero, the corresponding additional configuration instruction is output. The occupancy transfer module is used to, upon receiving confirmation of the effectiveness of the allocation instruction, add the corresponding pending occupancy power to the effective occupancy power and clear the pending occupancy power.

[0078] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the budget determination module executes S1 and provides the allocable power to the target allocation module; the source-side conversion module receives the requested power and the sustained power from the end side, executes S2, and provides the requested power and the sustained power from the source side to the target allocation module; the target allocation module executes S3 and provides the target source-side power to the reduction control module. The reduction control module receives the bus input power and protocol status, executes S4, sends a reduction command to the charging channel, and transmits the effective occupied power and reduction command information to the release deduction module. The charging channel transmits the confirmation of the reduction command's effectiveness and the decrease in bus input power to the release deduction module, which executes S5 and transmits the available release amount and the effective occupied power after deduction to the increase allocation reservation module. The increase allocation reservation module executes S6, sends an increase allocation command to the charging channel, and transmits the occupied power to be effective to the occupation transfer module; the charging channel transmits the confirmation of the increase allocation command's effectiveness to the occupation transfer module, which executes S7 and outputs the allocation result. Each module can run as a functional segment in the same control program, or it can be implemented by multiple tasks with atomic read / write interfaces; regardless of the deployment method, the release deduction module, the addition reserved module, and the occupation transfer module all access the same version of the power ledger.

[0079] From an overall technical perspective, changes in photovoltaic input or energy storage discharge capacity alter the power available for external charging on the bus. Furthermore, the protocol confirmation timing, power conversion ramp, and settling time differ between wired and wireless channels. The power distribution controller first converts the end-side power to the same bus-side specification, then generates a target based on the source-side maintained power as the lower limit and the source-side requested power as the upper limit, ensuring that the target allocation is unaffected by variations in conversion losses.

[0080] When a channel needs to be reduced, the original effective occupied power is retained until the protocol takes effect, and together with the upper limit of the power within the window, it proves that the physical input has decreased. The frozen reduction baseline, measurement error margin, reduction limit, and cumulative recursion together convert the actual decrease into a monotonic and deduplicated amount that can be credited. The released amount is deducted from the effective occupied power before entering the available balance; before this balance is granted to another channel, it is first written with the pending occupied power, and when the increase takes effect, it is transferred equally between the two types of occupancy. Therefore, unconfirmed released power and issued but not yet effective increased power will not be used as idle quota at the same time, and the sum of all effective occupied power and all pending occupied power will not exceed the same allocable power in the normal working domain.

[0081] like Figure 7As shown, the horizontal axis represents scheduling events, the vertical axis represents power, and the dashed line represents allocable power. The stacked areas represent the total effective occupied power, the total pending occupied power, and the available balance, respectively. Initially, the total effective occupied power is 42W. After the first confirmed release, 8.8W is removed from the total effective occupied power and enters the available balance. The first allocation reservation causes the same 8.8W to enter the total pending occupied power. The first allocation activation causes the 8.8W to transfer from the total pending occupied power to the total effective occupied power. The second confirmed release, the second allocation reservation, and the second allocation activation perform the same migration on 1.2W. The sum of the three types of power between events always matches the 42W allocable power, indicating that the deduction after confirmation and the occupation before issuance only change the budget composition and do not generate duplicate available quotas. The values ​​in the figure are calculated from the aforementioned embodiments and are used to characterize the control relationship.

[0082] like Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents power; the solid blue line represents the total bus input power, and the dashed black line represents the 42 W distributable power. A hollow diamond mark indicates the issuance of a power reduction instruction, a green lower triangle mark indicates the formation of an accountable release quantity, a hollow square mark indicates the issuance of a power increase instruction, and an orange upper triangle mark confirms the power increase is effective. Figure 7 The total effective power utilization is a conservative estimate that includes the protocol range and measurement error margin. Figure 8 The total bus input power is the physical response at the same bus reference point, and the two are not required to be equal at every moment. The deterministic dynamic playback sequence experiences a finite delay and a descent ramp after the reduction command is issued, and outputs an increase command after two available release quantities are formed, and experiences a finite rise and decay transition near the corresponding increase confirmation; the total bus input power shown is approximately between 32.30 W and 41.31 W, and does not exceed the allocatable power boundary.

[0083] In practical verification, an independent power analyzer can be connected to the charging branch junction point of the 24V DC bus to synchronously collect the total bus input power and bus voltage, and the analyzer clock should be aligned with the event time of the power ledger. By comparing the total bus input power with the allocable power at the same time for each sampling point, it is possible to verify whether the asynchronous handover has exceeded the limit. Figure 8 A deterministic dynamic playback sequence constructed based on the aforementioned mechanism is used to illustrate the reading and verification relationship, and is not intended as a prototype, bench, or field measurement result; when the power supply capacity suddenly drops beyond the busbar safety margin, the equipment stops adding new configurations and switches to the existing undervoltage protection or session exit process. This state is not determined by... Figure 8 Extrapolation.

[0084] Example 2 This embodiment illustrates the reverse power transfer from the wired charging channel to the wireless charging channel. Assume W1 has an effective power utilization of 20 W and a target source power of 8 W, Q1 has an effective power utilization of 8 W and a target source power of 20 W, with other channels remaining unchanged. The allocable power equals the sum of all target source power. The power distribution controller sends a reduction command to W1 to lower the output level. Even if the wired charging interface controller has accepted this command, W1's 20 W effective power utilization remains until the upper limit of the bus input power within the complete confirmation window and the measurement error margin prove that the input has decreased.

[0085] The controller calculates candidate confirmed release amounts window by window based on the W1 reduction benchmark, window upper limit, measurement error margin, and a 12 W reduction amount, and takes the larger of this and the cumulative confirmed release amount from the previous window; only the new portion exceeding the already recorded release amount is deducted from the effective occupied power of W1. After each recordable release amount is formed, the controller first writes the increase amount not exceeding that release amount into the pending effective occupied power of Q1, and then sends an increase command to the wireless charging transmitter controller; after the increase confirmation arrives, the controller transfers the record to the effective occupied power of Q1 in equal amounts. Finally, W1 is 8 W and Q1 is 20 W. This reverse handover uses the same confirmation, reservation, and submission relationship, indicating that the power transfer direction is not limited to wireless channel to wired channel.

[0086] Example 3 This embodiment illustrates rejection, timeout, and scheduling version switching. Assume scheduling version V1 has issued a 4W power allocation instruction to W1. The pending activation record stores 4W, the channel identifier, the instruction identifier, and V1. When W1 explicitly rejects, the controller sets the record to "Rejection Revoked" and clears the 4W pending activation power usage. If acceptance fails before the acceptance timeout expires, it is set to "Acceptance Timeout Revoked." If acceptance has been made but confirmation has not been received before the activation timeout expires, it is set to "Activation Timeout Revoked." Before the record is cleared, the controller does not write a second pending activation power usage record to W1. After the record enters any final state, repeated arrivals of feedback are only appended to the event log.

[0087] When generating the target power allocation table V2, records in V1 that have been registered but whose power increase instructions have not yet been output are stopped from being issued, and their budget occupancy is cancelled before V2 is activated. Power increase instructions that have been output in V1 but not yet completed retain their original records: if a field-matching confirmation is received later, the controller transfers 4 W to the effective occupied power and clears the same amount of pending occupied power; if a rejection, acceptance timeout, or effectiveness timeout occurs, the record is cancelled. For power reduction instructions that have been output in V1 but not yet settled, the controller retains the corresponding power reduction benchmark, power reduction amount, cumulative confirmed release amount, credited release amount, and instruction identifier, and continues to determine the creditable release amount based on the confirmation window after the power reduction instruction takes effect; before the power reduction instruction is settled, V2 does not re-establish the power reduction benchmark for the same charging channel. If V2 forms a new target source-side power, the target source-side power is saved, and after the power reduction instructions in V1 are settled, it is determined whether further power reduction is needed based on the effective occupied power at that time and the latest target source-side power. After completing the processing of pending records from the old version, the controller deducts all effective occupied power and the still-uncleared pending occupied power from the allocable power of V2 before processing the V2 allocation request, thereby avoiding the two scheduling versions from using the same balance.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for wired and wireless charging power distribution for a photovoltaic seat, characterized in that, include: S1. Determine the allocable power of the DC bus based on the available photovoltaic input power and the energy storage discharge limit. The charging channel can be a wired or wireless charging channel. S2. Convert the end-side requested power and end-side sustaining power of the charging channel into source-side requested power and source-side sustaining power not higher than the source-side requested power; S3. Based on the allocable power, first ensure the source-side maintenance power, then allocate the remaining balance with the source-side requested power as the upper limit to obtain the target source-side power of the charging channel; S4. Determine the observed occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status of the charging channel, and maintain the effective occupied power of the charging channel based on the observed occupied power. When the effective occupied power is higher than the target source power and there are no outstanding reduction instructions in the charging channel, send the reduction instruction to the charging channel. S5. Determine the amount of power that can be credited for release based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel, and deduct the effective occupied power based on the amount of power that can be credited for release. S6. For each charging channel, the smaller of the non-negative value of the difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power and the non-negative value of the difference between the allocable power and the sum of all effective occupied power and the recorded pending occupied power is recorded as the pending occupied power. When the pending occupied power is greater than zero, the corresponding allocation command is output. S7. After receiving confirmation of the effectiveness of the increased allocation instruction, the corresponding pending occupied power is added to the effective occupied power, and the pending occupied power is cleared.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The allocatable power is the sum of the available photovoltaic input power and the energy storage discharge limit, minus the reserved power for the load inside the seat and the bus safety margin, which is a non-negative value. The energy storage discharge limit is zero when the energy storage unit is in a state where discharge is prohibited.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The source-side requested power is the smaller of the power obtained by dividing the end-side requested power of the charging channel by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency of the charging channel and adding the static loss power of the charging channel, and the maximum bus input power of the charging channel. The source-side sustaining power is the smaller of the power obtained by dividing the end-side sustaining power of the charging channel by the lower bound of the conversion efficiency of the charging channel and adding the static loss power of the charging channel, and the source-side requested power.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the target source-side power includes: When the sum of all the source-side sustaining power does not exceed the allocable power, the difference between each source-side requested power and its respective source-side sustaining power is determined as the power to be filled. Among the non-negative fill values ​​that are no greater than the maximum value among all the power to be filled, the maximum value that makes the sum of the smaller of the source-side sustaining power, the power to be filled, and the non-negative fill value not exceed the allocable power is selected as the target fill value. The target source-side power of each charging channel is determined by the sum of the smaller of the source-side sustaining power, the power to be filled, and the target fill value.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The observed power is the larger of the power converted to the bus side by the confirmed output level indicated by the protocol status and the maximum value of the bus input power within the holding window, plus the measurement error margin. When the observed occupancy power is higher than the sum of the effective occupancy power and the corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the portion exceeding the sum is added to the effective occupancy power; when the observed occupancy power is not higher than the sum of the effective occupancy power and the corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the effective occupancy power is not reduced based on the observed occupancy power, wherein, when there is no corresponding occupancy power to be activated, the occupancy power to be activated is counted as zero.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the amount of data that can be released based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel includes: When the reduction instruction is issued, the current value of the effective occupied power is frozen as the reduction benchmark, and a cumulative confirmed release amount and a recorded release amount are established, both of which are zero. After the effective time of the reduction command, confirmation windows are established sequentially, and the upper limit of the bus input power of each confirmation window is obtained; For each confirmation window, the upper limit of the bus input power and the measurement error margin are subtracted from the reduction benchmark, with negative values ​​counted as zero, and the smaller of the obtained power and the reduction amount of the reduction command is determined as the candidate confirmation release amount; The cumulative confirmed release amount is updated using the larger of the cumulative confirmed release amount and the candidate confirmed release amount. The portion of the cumulative confirmed release amount that exceeds the amount already credited for release is determined as the amount that can be credited for release, and the amount already credited for release is updated with the cumulative confirmed release amount. Before the cumulative confirmed release amount reaches the reduction amount of the corresponding reduction instruction, the reduction instruction is kept in an unsettled state, and no new reduction benchmark is established for the same charging channel.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The duration of the confirmation window is not less than the maximum stabilization time of the converter in the charging channel and the protocol power control cycle, and each confirmation window includes at least three bus input power sample values. The upper bound of the bus input power is the maximum value among all the bus input power sample values, or a peak hold result that is not lower than the maximum value.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The budget allocation of the pending power occupancy shall be revoked and cleared in any of the following circumstances: the rejection feedback of the allocation instruction arrives, the acceptance period expires but the instruction is not accepted, or the effective period expires but the instruction is not effective.

9. A wired and wireless charging power distribution system for a photovoltaic seat, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, and the system comprises: The budget determination module is used to determine the allocable power of the DC bus based on the available power of the photovoltaic input and the energy storage discharge limit. The charging channel can be a wired or wireless charging channel. The source-side conversion module is used to convert the end-side requested power and end-side sustained power of the charging channel into the source-side requested power and the source-side sustained power not higher than the source-side requested power. The target allocation module is used to first ensure the source-side maintenance power based on the allocable power, and then allocate the balance with the source-side requested power as the upper limit to obtain the target source-side power of the charging channel; The power reduction control module is used to determine the observed occupied power based on the bus input power and protocol status of the charging channel, and maintain the effective occupied power of the charging channel based on the observed occupied power. When the effective occupied power is higher than the target source-side power and there are no outstanding power reduction instructions in the charging channel, the power reduction instruction is sent to the charging channel. The release deduction module is used to determine the amount of power that can be credited for release based on the confirmation of the reduction instruction and the decrease in the bus input power of the charging channel, and to deduct the effective occupied power based on the amount of power that can be credited for release. An additional configuration reserve module is used to sequentially configure the charging channel, and record the smaller of the non-negative value of the difference between the target source power and the effective occupied power and the non-negative value of the difference between the allocable power and the sum of all effective occupied power and the recorded pending occupied power as the pending occupied power. When the pending occupied power is greater than zero, the corresponding additional configuration instruction is output. The occupancy transfer module is used to, upon receiving confirmation of the effectiveness of the allocation instruction, add the corresponding pending occupancy power to the effective occupancy power and clear the pending occupancy power.

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