Asymmetric yielding supporting structure for complex inclined rock-soil layer large-section tunnel
By adopting asymmetric pressure support structures in large section tunnels of complex inclined rock and soil layers, combined with the design of double arch frames and buffer parts, the problem of uneven force under the support structure in the existing technology is solved, and the more Stable soil layer support extends the service life of the support structure.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420536838.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-20
AI Technical Summary
In large section tunnels of complex inclined rock and soil layers, the existing symmetric fully supported structures cause too much force on the side support structure of weak formations and too little force on the side support structure of hard formations, resulting in less force on the support structure Evenly, thus accelerating damage to the support structure.
Asymmetrical pressure support structure is adopted, by setting cross beam slabs and support components at the junction of loess layer and rock layer, and setting buffer structures outside the support components, using a combined structure of double arch frames and second single arch frames. Support forces are provided in the loess and rock layers, and the pressure at the junction is reduced through the buffer members to ensure the stability of the support structure.
Through the design of the asymmetric structure, the pressure of the soil layer is evenly shared, the service life of the support structure is extended, and the problem of accelerated damage to the support structure due to uneven stress is avoided.
Smart Images
Figure CN222184786U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to an asymmetric pressure-yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock and soil layer. Background Art
[0002] As urban subways become more and more widespread, underground workers in cities have excavated a large number of tunnels, and generally encounter large-section tunnels with complex inclined rock and soil layers. In order to ensure safety during construction, support structures will be set up in large-section tunnels with complex inclined rock and soil layers, and arc structures will be formed in large-section tunnels with complex inclined rock and soil layers. The arc structure can better bear pressure and disperse the pressure of the soil layer to ensure the stability of the support structure.
[0003] Tunnels are usually located between 10 and 20 meters above the city ground, and the soil structure underground in cities is different. The soil structure in some cities is relatively hard, and it is difficult to carry out construction when excavating. For softer soil layers, pouring is required during construction to ensure the hardness of the soil layer. Some soil layers are stratified rock. Due to the uneven hardness of the surrounding rock of this soil layer, when supporting it with existing technology, a symmetrical full support structure is generally adopted. When supporting the soil layer, the support structure on the soft stratum side will be subjected to greater force, while the support structure on the hard stratum side will be subjected to less force. At this time, the support structure will be subjected to uneven force, which will accelerate the damage of the support structure. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an asymmetric compression support structure for large-section tunnels in complex inclined rock and soil layers, so as to solve the problem that when the prior art is used to support it, a symmetrical full support structure is generally adopted. When supporting the soil layer, the support structure on the soft stratum side is subjected to greater force, while the support structure on the hard stratum side is subjected to less force, which will cause uneven force on the support structure and accelerate the damage of the support structure.
[0005] The utility model provides the following technical solutions: an asymmetric pressure-yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock and soil layer, comprising a loess layer and a rock layer, wherein cross beams are symmetrically arranged at the junction of the loess layer and the rock layer, a first single arch frame for transmitting pressure is welded to the lower bottom end of the cross beam, a support assembly is arranged at the upper top end of the cross beam, and a buffer structure for buffering pressure is arranged on the outer side of the support assembly.
[0006] When adopting the above scheme, various problems may arise during the excavation of the tunnel due to the soil layer. Among them, forming a support structure in the tunnel is a major difficulty. When the soil layer is stratified rock, since half of the soil layer is softer and the other is harder, this method can be used for construction, in which the crossbeam plate is erected in the rock layer, and then the support structure is erected on the crossbeam plate, and a buffer structure is set at the junction of the loess layer and the rock layer to reduce the pressure brought to the support structure by the two.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the support assembly includes a double arch frame and a second single arch frame welded to the top of the beam plate, the double arch frame and the second single arch frame have a complete semicircular shape, the end of the second single arch frame is welded at the center of the end of the double arch frame, and the interior of the double arch frame is provided with a reinforcement structure for enhancing the load-bearing capacity.
[0008] The above scheme is adopted, in which the support assembly is composed of a double arch frame and a second single arch frame, and the double arch frame is located in the loess layer, while the second single arch frame is located in the rock layer. Since the loess layer is relatively soft, the double arch frame can better provide support and transfer the pressure, while the rock layer is relatively hard, and the second single arch frame can provide corresponding support. In this way, the support structure can be formed quickly without wasting resources. At the same time, the support assembly can transfer the pressure to the crossbeam plate, and then transfer it to the rock layer by relying on the crossbeam plate and the first single arch frame to disperse the pressure.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the reinforcement structure includes reinforcing ribs welded longitudinally and annularly to the inner wall of the double arch frame, and a protective steel plate forming a complete supporting assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the reinforcing ribs.
[0010] By adopting the above scheme and setting reinforcing ribs, the load-bearing capacity of the double arch frame can be further improved. At the same time, the use of protective steel plates can form a complete enclosed space for the support components to avoid excessive pressure and damage to the support components.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a plurality of limiting bolts are threadedly connected between the protective steel plate and the second single arch frame and the double arch frame.
[0012] By adopting the above scheme, the protective steel plate can be quickly connected to the second single arch frame and the double arch frame by means of limiting bolts. At the same time, it will be more convenient during the disassembly process and can be reused.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the buffer structure includes a buffer pressure piece, which is composed of two bearing plates and a plurality of pressure springs, and the pressure spring is fixedly connected at the interval between the two bearing plates.
[0014] By adopting the above scheme, when the buffer pressure is used, the pressure can be reduced by compressing the pressure spring, thereby ensuring the stability of the device.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the buffer pressure piece is located at the junction of the double arch frame and the second single arch frame, that is, the buffer pressure piece is located at the junction of the loess layer and the rock layer.
[0016] By adopting the above scheme, since the pressure at the junction of the loess layer and the rock layer is relatively high, the method of using a buffer pressure piece to compress the pressure spring can reduce the force exerted by the pressure on the support assembly, thereby ensuring the stability of the junction between the double arch frame and the second single arch frame, and improving the connection between the second single arch frame and the double arch frame.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, load-bearing tripods for reinforcement are fixedly connected at both sides of the intersection between the cross beam plate and the first single arch frame.
[0018] The above solution is adopted to improve the connectivity between the cross beam plate and the first single arch frame.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0020] In the utility model, an asymmetric structural support method is adopted, wherein a double arch frame and reinforcing ribs are used for auxiliary support of the softer loess layer, while a second single arch frame is used for support of the harder rock layer, and a buffer pressure piece is provided at the junction of the double arch frame and the second single arch frame, which can make the pressure at the junction of the loess layer and the rock layer pass smoothly in the form of a compression pressure spring to avoid the situation where the pressure between the two is too large and affects the use. At the same time, in the process of the second single arch frame and the double arch frame being subjected to pressure, the pressure can be transmitted to the first single arch frame through the crossbeam plate, and the pressure can be introduced into the harder soil layer through the first single arch frame, thereby achieving the purpose of dispersing the pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in complex inclined rock and soil layers;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the support components in an asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock and soil layer;
[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a double-arch connecting steel plate structure in an asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock and soil layer;
[0024] Figure 4The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the double arch frame and the second single arch frame in an asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in complex inclined rock and soil layers.
[0025] In the figure: 1. loess layer; 11. rock layer; 2. crossbeam plate; 21. load-bearing tripod; 22. first single arch frame; 23. second single arch frame; 24. double arch frame; 25. protective steel plate; 26. reinforcing ribs; 27. limit bolts; 3. buffer pressure piece; 31. load-bearing plate; 32. pressure spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: an asymmetric pressure-yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock and soil layer, comprising a loess layer 1 and a rock layer 11, wherein a crossbeam plate 2 is symmetrically arranged at the junction of the loess layer 1 and the rock layer 11, and a first single arch frame 22 for transmitting pressure is welded to the lower bottom end of the crossbeam plate 2, so as to facilitate the pressure to be transmitted to the rock layer 11 through the first single arch frame 22, thereby improving the stability of the device, and load-bearing tripods 21 for reinforcement are fixedly connected at both sides of the junction of the crossbeam plate 2 and the first single arch frame 22, so as to improve the stability of the first single arch frame 22, and a support assembly is arranged at the upper top end of the crossbeam plate 2, and a buffer structure for buffering pressure is arranged on the outer side of the support assembly.
[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the support assembly includes a double arch frame 24 and a second single arch frame 23 welded to the top of the crossbeam plate 2. The double arch frame 24 and the second single arch frame 23 have a complete semicircular shape. The end of the second single arch frame 23 is welded to the center of the end of the double arch frame 24. The interior of the double arch frame 24 is provided with a reinforcement structure for enhancing the load-bearing capacity. The reinforcement structure includes a reinforcing rib 26 welded longitudinally and annularly to the inner wall of the double arch frame 24 to increase the load-bearing capacity of the double arch frame 24. A protective steel plate 25 forming a complete support assembly is provided on the outer wall of the reinforcing rib 26 to form a closed protective space for better work. A plurality of limit bolts 27 are threadedly connected between the protective steel plate 25 and the second single arch frame 23 and the double arch frame 24 to facilitate installation and disassembly and to enable secondary utilization.
[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the buffer structure includes a buffer pressure piece 3, which is composed of two bearing plates 31 and a plurality of pressure springs 32. The pressure spring 32 is fixedly connected at the interval between the two bearing plates 31. The buffer pressure piece 3 is located at the junction of the double arch frame 24 and the second single arch frame 23, that is, the buffer pressure piece 3 is at the junction of the loess layer 1 and the rock layer 11.
[0031] Working principle: During construction, the cross beam 2 is installed first, and a space of more than 0.5 meters is dug in the upper space of the cross beam 2 to install the second single arch frame 23 and the double arch frame 24. Then, the first single arch frame 22 is installed by welding. During the installation of the first single arch frame 22, it is necessary to make the first single arch frame 22 in the rock layer 11, and the cross beam 2 is in contact with the rock layer 11. Then, for stability, the load-bearing tripod 21 is installed by welding on both sides of the intersection of the cross beam 2 and the first single arch frame 22. Then, the double arch frame 24 can be installed, and the second single arch frame 23 is installed in the middle of the opposite side of the double arch frame 24, and the double arch frame 24 is in the loess layer 1. The second single arch frame 23 is inside the rock layer 11. After the second single arch frame 23 and the double arch frame 24 are installed, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 26 are longitudinally installed on the inner side of the double arch frame 24 to further increase the load-bearing capacity of the double arch frame 24. After the reinforcing ribs 26 are installed, the protective steel plate 25 can be installed by means of limiting bolts 27 to form a closed supporting structure. At the junction of the second single arch frame 23 and the double arch frame 24, that is, at the junction of the loess layer 1 and the rock layer 11, a buffer pressure piece 3 needs to be installed at the junction of the second single arch frame 23 and the double arch frame 24, so that the pressure at the junction of the loess layer 1 and the rock layer 11 can be reduced by compressing the pressure spring 32.
[0032] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it.
Claims
1. An asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock layer, comprising a loess layer (1) and a rock layer (11), characterized in that: A crossbeam plate (2) is symmetrically arranged at the junction of the loess layer (1) and the rock layer (11); a first single arch frame (22) for transmitting pressure is welded to the lower bottom end of the crossbeam plate (2); a support assembly is arranged at the upper top end of the crossbeam plate (2); a buffer structure for buffering pressure is arranged on the outer side of the support assembly; the support assembly comprises a double arch frame (24) and a second single arch frame (23) welded to the upper top end of the crossbeam plate (2); the double arch frame (24) and the second single arch frame (23) present a complete appearance. The double arch frame (24) is semicircular in shape, the end of the second single arch frame (23) is welded to the center of the end of the double arch frame (24), the double arch frame (24) is provided with a reinforcement structure for enhancing the load-bearing capacity, the reinforcement structure comprises a reinforcing rib (26) longitudinally annularly welded to the inner wall of the double arch frame (24), the outer wall of the reinforcing rib (26) is provided with a protective steel plate (25) forming a complete supporting assembly, and a plurality of limit bolts (27) are threadedly connected between the protective steel plate (25) and the second single arch frame (23) and the double arch frame (24).
2. According to claim 1, the asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock layer is characterized by: The buffer structure comprises a buffer pressure piece (3), wherein the buffer pressure piece (3) is composed of two bearing plates (31) and a plurality of pressure springs (32), wherein the pressure springs (32) are fixedly connected at a gap between the two bearing plates (31).
3. The asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock layer according to claim 2 is characterized by: The buffer pressure piece (3) is located at the junction of the double arch frame (24) and the second single arch frame (23), that is, the buffer pressure piece (3) is located at the junction of the loess layer (1) and the rock layer (11).
4. According to claim 1, the asymmetric yielding support structure for a large-section tunnel in a complex inclined rock layer is characterized by: A load-bearing tripod (21) for reinforcement is fixedly connected at both sides of the intersection between the cross beam plate (2) and the first single arch frame (22).