Chemical fertilizer applying machine for sugarcane

Abstract

A chemical fertilizer applying machine for sugarcane comprises a machine frame, a fertilizer box is installed on the machine frame through a fertilizer box frame, a gear box is installed on the machine frame, and a fertilizer discharging rotating disc covering a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box is fixed to an output rotating shaft of the gear box. The outer wall of the fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizer scraping plate used for scraping the fertilizer in the fertilizer discharging turntable and a fertilizer discharging hopper used for receiving the falling fertilizer and provided with a fertilizer guide pipe, the gear box is connected with a hydraulic motor, the front end of the rack is connected with a traction beam, and the front end of the traction beam is provided with a traction lug; the traction beam is provided with a root cutting rolling disc and a ground breaking plough which are controlled to lift by a hydraulic cylinder through a cross beam; a mounting frame is mounted on the rear side of the rack, and a soil covering disc controlled by a lifting oil cylinder to ascend and descend is mounted at the bottom of the mounting frame; walking wheels are installed on the two sides of the bottom of the machine frame through walking wheel installation bases extending downwards. The fertilizer applying machine is large in fertilizer loading capacity and can be dragged by a tractor to run, the fertilizer applying position can be adjusted according to different sugarcane planting line spacing, and the fertilizer is covered with soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of a sugarcane fertilizing device, in particular to a sugarcane fertilizer placing machine. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane, (scientific name: Saccharumofficinarum )Saccharum, a perennial tall solid herb. Sugarcane has a strong and well-developed rhizome. The stalk is 3-6 meters high. Sugarcane is suitable for planting in places with fertile soil, sufficient sunlight, and a large temperature difference between winter and summer. Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop in my country and occupies a very important position in tropical regions.

[0003] Sugarcane planting management generally includes land preparation, ditching and basal fertilizer application, sowing, field management and perennial root management. Field management includes soiling, fertilization, weeding and insecticide, and perennial root management includes stubble, ridge breaking and fertilization. Sugarcane is a perennial perennial root crop. If it is well managed, it can be harvested continuously for 3-7 years. Perennial root sugarcane management requires less labor and has lower planting costs. It grows early and fast, and the early growth is fast. The process maturity of the same variety is 20-30 days earlier than that of newly planted sugarcane, which is conducive to sugar-making enterprises to arrange sugarcane cutting, transportation and pressing more freely. With the aging of the labor force and the development of science and technology, sugarcane planting management has been moving towards mechanization.

[0004] Through application investigation and research, it is found that due to the limited power of tractor lifting and pulling, sugarcane fertilization is carried out by tractor lifting and pulling small fertilizer spreaders. The small fertilizer spreader has a small fertilizer load and needs to be stopped frequently to add fertilizer during fertilization and cultivation. Moreover, when the fertilizer load is small, it is not convenient to use mechanical automatic lifting to add fertilizer. It often requires manual handling and adding, which has low work efficiency and high labor intensity. Therefore, it is necessary to design a sugarcane fertilizer spreader with a large fertilizer load and can be pulled by a tractor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a fertilizer placing machine for sugarcane, which has a large fertilizer loading capacity and can be towed by a tractor. The fertilizer placing position can be adjusted according to different sugarcane planting row spacings, and the fertilizer can be accurately placed in a sugarcane planting ditch or on the side of a sugarcane ridge. The fertilizer can be covered with soil to achieve under-soil fertilization to improve fertilizer efficiency, improve fertilizer placing work efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of fertilizer placement.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of this utility model, the technical solution adopted is:

[0007] A fertilizer placing machine for sugarcane comprises a frame, a fertilizer box is installed on the frame through a fertilizer box frame, a gear box is installed on the frame below the fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharging rotating disk covering a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box is fixed on the output rotating shaft of the gear box, a fertilizer scraping plate for scraping fertilizer in the fertilizer discharging rotating disk is installed on the outer wall of the fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharging hopper for receiving the fallen fertilizer is connected to the outer wall of the fertilizer box, a fertilizer guiding pipe is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer discharging hopper, a hydraulic motor is connected to the input rotating shaft of the gear box, and a gear box is connected to the input rotating shaft of the gear box. The wheel box utilizes the power of the hydraulic motor to drive the fertilizer rotary disc to rotate; the front end of the frame is connected to a traction beam extending forward, and the front end of the traction beam is provided with a traction ear for connecting and traction with a tractor; the traction beam behind the traction ear is symmetrically and fixedly connected with a cross beam 1 and a cross beam 2 in sequence, and a guide sleeve 1 is vertically installed on the cross beam 1 on both sides of the traction beam through a mounting seat 1, and a mounting rod extending from the bottom of the guide sleeve 1 is inserted in the guide sleeve 1, and a root cutting roller is rotatably installed on the mounting rod, and the lower end of the mounting rod and the guide sleeve 1 are connected The upper ends are respectively provided with hinged ears, and a lifting cylinder 1 for controlling the lifting of the mounting rod is hingedly installed between the two hinged ears; guide sleeves 2 are vertically installed on the crossbeams 2 on both sides of the traction beam through the mounting seat 2, and a plow rod extending from the bottom of the guide sleeve 2 is inserted in the guide sleeve 2, and a soil-breaking plow is arranged at the bottom of the plow rod, and hinged ears are respectively provided at the lower end of the plow rod and the upper end of the guide sleeve 2, and a lifting cylinder 2 for controlling the lifting of the plow rod is hingedly installed between the two hinged ears; the mounting seat 1 and the mounting seat 2 can adopt a splint-type mounting seat, and the splint-type mounting seat includes two splints with four through holes and four bolts and corresponding gaskets and nuts, and one splint is welded to the corresponding guide sleeve. When installing, the two splints are respectively located on both sides of the corresponding crossbeam, and then connected and locked by four bolts and corresponding gaskets and nuts. The position of the guide sleeve is adjusted and fixed by the loosening bolt, so as to adjust the distance between the two root cutting rollers and the two soil-breaking plows, and the distance between the two root cutting rollers is smaller than the distance between the two soil-breaking plows.A mounting frame is installed on the rear side of the frame, and a soil cover plate mounting rod is hingedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the mounting frame through a hinged mounting seat. The soil cover plate is rotatably installed on the end of the soil cover plate mounting rod, and a lifting cylinder is hingedly installed on the lower end of the soil cover plate mounting rod. The lifting cylinder is hinged to the mounting frame through the cylinder mounting seat. The cylinder mounting seat and the hinged mounting seat are mounting seats for hinged connection that can be moved on the mounting frame and fixed by bolts. They both include a sleeve, which is sleeved on the mounting frame skeleton, and a bolt mounting hole is opened on the sleeve. Nuts are welded at the bolt mounting holes, and bolts are installed in the nuts. The sleeve can be locked or slid on the mounting frame by loosening the bolts, thereby realizing the lifting of the cylinder. The mounting position of the soil cover plate mounting rod is adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the distance between the soil cover plates on both sides; the bottom of the frame is provided with walking wheels on both sides through the downwardly extending walking wheel mounting seat; the root cutting roller and the soil cover plate both include an arc disc, an installation shaft and a rod seat, the installation shaft is rotatably mounted in the rod seat through a bearing, one end of the installation shaft is detachably mounted with the arc disc, the top of the rod seat is provided with a mounting plate that can be bolted to the mounting rod and the plow bar, the bottom of the mounting rod and the plow bar are also respectively provided with connecting plates with bolt mounting holes, the connecting plate is docked with the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with a long hole of the mounting plate, and the setting of the long hole of the mounting plate is convenient for adjusting the cutting angle of the root cutting roller and the soil cover plate. The top of the walking wheel mounting seat is connected to the frame, the lower end of the walking wheel mounting seat is rotatably connected to the walking wheel, and the connection between the two walking wheel mounting seats and the frame forms a gantry structure to avoid the axle scraping against the sugarcane ridge due to the use of the axle type to install the walking wheel, affecting the passage.

[0008] Further preferred: a hydraulic station is installed at the front end of the fertilizer box frame, and the hydraulic station is connected to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor through a hydraulic oil pipe, which is convenient for controlling the operation of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor. There is no need to connect the hydraulic cylinder from the tractor, which is convenient for connecting and disassembling the tractor and the fertilizer machine.

[0009] The sugarcane fertilizer placing machine has walking wheels installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame through the downwardly extending walking wheel mounting seat. It is driven by a tractor and does not need to be lifted by the tractor. The fertilizer box can be loaded with a large amount of fertilizer, which is convenient for mechanical automatic lifting and fertilizer addition. The distance between the two root cutting rollers, the two soil breaking plows and the two soil covering plates can be adjusted. The position of ditching and fertilizer placing can be adjusted according to the different row spacings of sugarcane planting. The fertilizer can be accurately applied in the sugarcane planting ditch or on the side of the sugarcane ridge through the fertilizer guide pipe, and the soil covering plate is used to cover the fertilizer with soil to achieve under-soil fertilization and improve fertilizer efficiency, improve the efficiency of sugarcane planting management and fertilizer placing, and reduce the labor intensity of sugarcane planting management fertilizer placing. The two root cutting rollers are used to cut off the lateral roots on both sides of the perennial sugarcane ridge. After cutting the roots, the soil breaking plow is used to break the ridge and dig the ditch, avoiding the sugarcane buds being crushed by directly using the soil breaking plow to break the ridge and dig the ditch, thereby reducing the damage to the perennial sugarcane soil breaking and fertilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sugarcane fertilizer placing machine;

[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left side;

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A right side schematic diagram of

[0013] Figure 4 1. It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the root cutting roller;

[0014] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0015] The names of the parts with serial numbers in the figure are:

[0016] 1. Root cutting roller, 2. Mounting rod, 3. Traction ear, 4. Lifting cylinder 1, 5. Guide sleeve 1, 6. Crossbeam 1, 7. Mounting seat 1, 8. Soil breaking plow, 9. Plow bar, 10. Lifting cylinder 2, 11. Guide sleeve 2, 12. Mounting seat 2, 13. Crossbeam 2, 14. Traction beam, 15. Rack, 16. Fertilizer box rack, 17. Hydraulic station, 18. Fertilizer box, 19. Fertilizer scraper, 20. Lower Fertilizer turntable, 21. Lower fertilizer bucket, 22. Fertilizer guide pipe, 23. Articulated mounting seat, 24. Mounting frame, 25. Cylinder mounting seat, 26. Lifting cylinder, 27. Soil cover plate, 28. Soil cover plate mounting rod, 29. Traveling wheel, 30. Traveling wheel mounting seat, 31. Gear box, 32. Hydraulic motor, 33. Arc disc, 34. Rod seat, 35. Mounting shaft, 36. Mounting plate, 37. Connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example

[0018] A fertilizer placing machine for sugarcane, comprising a frame 15, a fertilizer box 18 is mounted on the frame 15 through a fertilizer box frame 16, a gear box 31 is mounted on the frame 15 below the fertilizer box 18, a fertilizer lowering turntable 20 covering a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box 18 is fixed on the output rotating shaft of the gear box 31, a fertilizer scraping plate 19 for scraping fertilizer in the fertilizer lowering turntable 20 is mounted on the outer wall of the fertilizer box 18, a fertilizer lowering hopper 21 for receiving the fallen fertilizer is connected to the outer wall of the fertilizer box 18, a fertilizer guiding pipe 22 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer lowering hopper 21, and the output shaft of the gear box 31 is fixed to the output shaft of the gear box 31. A hydraulic motor 32 is installed in the rotating shaft, and the gear box uses the power of the hydraulic motor to drive the fertilizer turntable to rotate; the front end of the frame 15 is connected to a traction beam 14 extending forward, and the front end of the traction beam 14 is provided with a traction ear 3 for connecting and traction with a tractor; the traction beam 14 behind the traction ear 3 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a cross beam 6 and a cross beam 2 13 in sequence, and the cross beams 6 on both sides of the traction beam 14 are respectively vertically installed with guide sleeves 5 through mounting seats 7, and the guide sleeves 5 are inserted with mounting rods 2 extending from the bottom of the guide sleeves 5, and the mounting rods 2 are rotatably installed The root cutting roller 1, the lower end of the mounting rod 2 and the upper end of the guide sleeve 15 are respectively provided with hinged ears, and a lifting cylinder 14 for controlling the lifting of the mounting rod 2 is hingedly installed between the two hinged ears; the guide sleeves 11 are vertically installed on the cross beams 13 on both sides of the traction beam 14 through the mounting seats 12, and the guide sleeves 11 are inserted with a plow rod 9 extending from the bottom of the guide sleeves 11, and a soil breaking plow 8 is arranged at the bottom of the plow rod 9, and the lower end of the plow rod 9 and the upper end of the guide sleeves 11 are respectively provided with hinged ears, and a lifting cylinder 4 for controlling the lifting of the plow rod 9 is hingedly installed between the two hinged ears. Lowering cylinder 2 10; mounting seat 1 and mounting seat 2 can adopt a splint type mounting seat, which includes two splints with four through holes and four bolts and corresponding gaskets and nuts. One splint is welded to the corresponding guide sleeve. During installation, the two splints are respectively located on both sides of the corresponding beam, and then connected and locked by four bolts and corresponding gaskets and nuts. The position of the guide sleeve is adjusted and fixed by the tightening bolts to achieve the adjustment of the distance between the two root cutting rollers and the two soil breaking plows. The distance between the two root cutting rollers is smaller than the distance between the two soil breaking plows.A mounting frame 24 is installed on the rear side of the frame 15, and a soil cover plate mounting rod 28 is hingedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the mounting frame 24 through a hinged mounting seat 23. A soil cover plate 27 is rotatably installed at the end of the soil cover plate mounting rod 28. A lifting cylinder 26 is hingedly installed at the lower end of the soil cover plate mounting rod 28. The lifting cylinder 26 is hinged to the mounting frame 24 through a cylinder mounting seat 25. The cylinder mounting seat and the hinged mounting seat both include a sleeve, which is sleeved on the mounting frame skeleton. A bolt mounting hole is opened on the sleeve, and a nut is welded at the bolt mounting hole. A bolt is installed in the nut. The sleeve can be locked and fixed or slid on the mounting frame by loosening the bolt, thereby realizing the adjustment of the installation position of the lifting cylinder and the soil cover plate mounting rod, and realizing the cover on both sides. Adjustment of the distance between soil plates; walking wheels 29 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame 15 through the downwardly extending walking wheel mounting seat 30; the root cutting roller and the soil covering plate both include an arc-shaped disc 33, an installation shaft 35 and a rod seat 34, the installation shaft 35 is rotatably installed in the rod seat 34 through a bearing, one end of the installation shaft 35 is detachably installed with the arc-shaped disc 33, and the top of the rod seat 34 is provided with a mounting plate that can be bolted to the mounting rod and the plow rod, and the bottom of the mounting rod and the plow rod are also respectively provided with connecting plates 37 with bolt mounting holes, the connecting plate 37 is docked with the mounting plate 36, and the mounting plate 36 is provided with a long hole for the mounting plate, and the setting of the long hole of the mounting plate 36 facilitates the adjustment of the soil cutting angle of the root cutting roller and the soil covering plate. The top of the walking wheel mounting seat 30 is connected to the frame 15, and the lower end of the walking wheel mounting seat 30 is rotatably connected to the walking wheel 29. The connection between the two walking wheel mounting seats 30 and the frame 15 forms a gantry structure to avoid the axle scraping against the sugarcane ridge due to the use of axle-type installation of the walking wheel, thereby affecting traffic.

[0019] A hydraulic station 17 is installed at the front end of the fertilizer box frame 16, and the hydraulic station 17 is connected to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor through a hydraulic oil pipe.

[0020] The working principle of the fertilizer applicator for sugarcane is as follows: the side cantilever of the tractor is connected to the traction ear 3, and the lifting cylinder 1 4, the lifting cylinder 2 10, the lifting cylinder 26 and the hydraulic motor 32 are connected to the hydraulic station 17. The spacing between the root cutting roller 1, the soil breaking plow 2 and the soil covering plate 27 is adjusted according to the planting row spacing of sugarcane. Fertilizer is added into the fertilizer box 18 by mechanical equipment at the field, and the tractor pulls the fertilizer spreader to move via the travel wheels 29. When fertilizing perennial sugarcane, the lifting cylinder 1 4 controls the root cutting roller 1 to descend, the lifting cylinder 2 10 controls the soil breaking plow 1 to descend, and the lifting cylinder 26 controls the soil covering plate 27 to swing down. The root cutting roller 1 cuts both sides of the sugarcane ridge in front, and the soil breaking plow 1 breaks the ridge to form a fertilizer ditch in the back. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 18 is driven by the hydraulic motor 32 gear box 31 and the fertilizer discharging turntable 26, and is dropped by the fertilizer scraper plate 19 into the fertilizer discharging bucket 21, and is discharged through the fertilizer guide pipe 22. Finally, the soil covering plate 27 scrapes the soil back to the fertilizer ditch to cover the fertilizer.

[0021] The above description is not a limitation of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present application should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fertilizer placing machine for sugarcane, comprising a frame (15), a fertilizer box (18) being mounted on the frame (15) via a fertilizer box frame (16), a gear box (31) being mounted on the frame (15) below the fertilizer box (18), a fertilizer lowering rotary disc (20) covering a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box (18) being fixed to an output rotating shaft of the gear box (31), a fertilizer scraping plate (19) for scraping fertilizer from the fertilizer lowering rotary disc (20) being mounted on an outer wall of the fertilizer box (18), a fertilizer lowering hopper (21) for receiving fallen fertilizer being mounted on the outer wall of the fertilizer box (18), a fertilizer guiding pipe (22) being connected to the bottom of the fertilizer lowering hopper (21), a hydraulic motor (32) being mounted on an input rotating shaft of the gear box (31), and characterized in that: The front end of the frame (15) is connected to a traction beam (14) extending forward, and a traction ear (3) for connecting to a tractor for traction is provided at the front end of the traction beam (14); the traction beam (14) behind the traction ear (3) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a cross beam (6) and a cross beam (13) in sequence; a guide sleeve (5) is vertically installed on the cross beam (6) on both sides of the traction beam (14) through a mounting seat (7); a mounting rod (2) extending from the bottom of the guide sleeve (5) is inserted in the guide sleeve (5); a root cutting roller (1) is rotatably installed on the mounting rod (2); a hinged ear is provided at the lower end of the mounting rod (2) and the upper end of the guide sleeve (5); a lifting cylinder (4) for controlling the lifting of the mounting rod (2) is hingedly installed between the two hinged ears; a guide sleeve (11) is vertically installed on the cross beam (13) on both sides of the traction beam (14) through a mounting seat (12); A plow bar (9) extending out of the bottom of the guide sleeve (11) is inserted into the second sleeve (11), a soil-breaking plow (8) is arranged at the bottom end of the plow bar (9), hinged ears are arranged at the lower end of the plow bar (9) and the upper end of the guide sleeve (11), and a lifting cylinder (10) for controlling the lifting of the plow bar (9) is hingedly installed between the two hinged ears; a mounting frame (24) is installed at the rear side of the frame (15), and soil cover plate mounting rods (28) are hingedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the mounting frame (24) through hinged mounting seats (23), and a soil cover plate (27) is rotatably installed at the end of the soil cover plate mounting rod (28), and a lifting cylinder (26) is hingedly installed at the lower end of the soil cover plate mounting rod (28), and the lifting cylinder (26) is hingedly connected to the mounting frame (24) through the cylinder mounting seat (25); and walking wheels (29) are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame (15) through downwardly extending walking wheel mounting seats (30).

2. The fertilizer placing machine for sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic station (17) is installed at the front end of the fertilizer box frame (16), and the hydraulic station (17) is connected to a corresponding hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor via a hydraulic oil pipe.

Images