Horizontal polarization two-dimensional directional diagram reconfigurable antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a horizontal polarization two-dimensional directional diagram reconfigurable antenna, which relates to the technical field of communication and comprises a high dielectric constant dielectric resonator, a nylon column used for supporting and fixing, an excitation gap, a metal floor, a T-shaped microstrip feeder of a terminal open circuit, a low-loss dielectric substrate, an electronic switch, a direct current bias circuit and a metal short circuit column. According to the utility model, through combination of various slot shapes, electric field regulation and control can be effectively realized, a realization scheme of reconfigurable horizontal polarization directional diagrams is further explored, and a multifunctional antenna with low cost is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication, and in particular relates to a horizontally polarized two-dimensional directional pattern reconfigurable antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the requirements for antennas are becoming increasingly complex. Reconfigurable antennas can increase the beam coverage of antennas by changing the radiation pattern while keeping the operating frequency basically unchanged, thereby expanding the capacity of the communication system. This type of antenna has broad application prospects, especially in wireless communication systems that require high data rates, low latency and wide coverage. Horizontally polarized antennas are less affected by ground reflections during propagation, so they can reduce the impact of multipath effects on communication quality, and therefore have strong anti-interference capabilities. At the same time, they are widely used due to their small mechanical constraints and easy installation.

[0003] Therefore, in recent years, horizontally polarized reconfigurable antennas have been widely studied and discussed. The main implementation methods are as follows: electric field control based on liquid medium; passive oscillators that introduce controllable reflectors / directors based on the Yagi principle to achieve reflection / direction of the directional pattern; reconfigurable equivalent electric / magnetic dipoles based on the Huygens principle to achieve mode superposition switching; and direction switching using reconfigurable feed excitation structures.

[0004] However, the control of the liquid medium in the above implementation method is relatively complex and the response speed is slow, so it is not suitable for low-latency modern wireless communications. The reflector required in the Yagi principle and the required placement space will inevitably lead to a larger overall size. The Huygens source principle scheme is often affected by the complexity of the structure and control mechanism or the limited reconfiguration capability. At the same time, reconfigurable antennas based on multiple feeding ports often require complex feeding switching or phase shifting networks.

[0005] More importantly, the current horizontally polarized reconfigurable antennas are often limited by the electric field distribution and the reconfiguration method, and can only achieve one-dimensional pattern switching, with limited beam states and beam coverage capabilities. Therefore, there is still a need to further develop horizontally polarized antennas with two-dimensional reconfigurable patterns.

[0006] In addition, pattern-reconfigurable antennas still face some challenges, such as large size, complex structure, high cost (complex control), limited bandwidth, and low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a horizontally polarized two-dimensional directional pattern reconfigurable antenna, which solves the problem of limited scanning range of the horizontally polarized directional pattern reconfigurable antenna.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a horizontally polarized two-dimensional directional pattern reconfigurable antenna, including a high dielectric constant dielectric resonator, a nylon column for supporting and fixing, an excitation slot, a metal floor, a T-shaped microstrip feed with an open terminal, a low-loss dielectric substrate, an electronic switch, a DC bias circuit and a metal short-circuit column;

[0009] The high dielectric constant dielectric resonator is placed at the center of a low-loss dielectric substrate, and nylon columns are used to support the high dielectric constant dielectric resonator and the low-loss dielectric substrate. The metal floor and T-shaped microstrip feeding are respectively located on the upper surface and lower surface of the low-loss dielectric substrate. The excitation gap is etched on the metal floor. The metal short-circuit column is located on both sides of the excitation gap and passes through the low-loss dielectric substrate to be connected to the metal floor. The DC bias circuit switches the on / off state of the electronic switch through a DC voltage, and the electronic switch is connected across the excitation gap.

[0010] Furthermore, there are four electronic switches, and the four electronic switches control the H-shaped excitation gap.

[0011] Furthermore, the high dielectric constant dielectric resonator is a radiation body.

[0012] Furthermore, the metal short-circuit post is grounded.

[0013] Furthermore, the DC bias circuit is provided with lumped electronic components.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0015] (1) The utility model proposes a novel implementation scheme for a horizontally polarized tilted pattern, and further explores a dielectric resonator antenna scheme based on slot excitation of various shapes. The utility model implements a tilted beam scheme based on various slot shape excitations, including but not limited to the T / Π-shaped slot excitation form in the utility model. The utility model can effectively realize electric field control by combining various slot shapes, further explores the implementation scheme of reconfigurable horizontal polarization patterns, and realizes a low-cost multifunctional antenna.

[0016] (2) The utility model controls the excitation slots through four electronic switch elements, realizes the switching of four directional beams of two-dimensional horizontal polarization, and effectively improves the diversity of the directivity pattern of the horizontal reconfigurable antenna. A two-dimensional horizontal polarization directivity pattern reconfigurable solution based on slot excitation structure control is provided.

[0017] (3) The utility model uses a dielectric resonator with a high dielectric constant as the radiation body, and its electric field is easy to control. At the same time, the antenna itself has a compact structure and high radiation efficiency, and has good application prospects in miniaturized modern wireless communications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A 3D view of the horizontally polarized reconfigurable antenna.

[0019] Figure 2 A top view of the horizontally polarized reconfigurable antenna.

[0020] Figure 3 The electric field distribution diagram of the horizontally polarized dielectric resonator antenna under excitation of slots of different shapes.

[0021] Figure 4 The radiation patterns corresponding to the four different states of the horizontally polarized reconfigurable antenna.

[0022] Figure 5 The electric field distribution corresponding to the four different states of the horizontally polarized reconfigurable antenna.

[0023] Among them, 1-high dielectric constant dielectric resonator, 2-nylon column, 3-excitation gap, 4-metal floor, 5-T-shaped microstrip feeding, 6-low loss dielectric substrate, 7-electronic switch, 8-DC bias circuit, 9-metal short-circuit column, 10-lumped electronic components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation methods of the utility model are described below to facilitate technical personnel in this technical field to understand the utility model, but it should be clear that the utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation methods. For ordinary technical personnel in this technical field, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the utility model defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all utility model creations using the concept of the utility model are protected.

[0025] Example

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides a horizontally polarized two-dimensional directional pattern reconfigurable antenna, comprising a high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1, a nylon column 2 for supporting and fixing, a controllable excitation slot 3, a metal floor 4, a T-shaped microstrip feed with an open terminal 5, a low-loss dielectric substrate 6, an electronic switch 7, a DC bias circuit 8 and a metal short-circuit column 9;

[0027] The high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1 is placed at the center of the low loss dielectric substrate 6, and the high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1 and the low loss dielectric substrate 6 are supported by a nylon column 2. The metal floor 4 and the T-shaped microstrip feed 5 are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the low loss dielectric substrate 6. The excitation slot 3 is etched on the metal floor 4. The metal short-circuit column 9 is located on both sides of the excitation slot 3 and passes through the low loss dielectric substrate 6 to connect with the metal floor 4. The DC bias circuit 8 switches the on / off state of the electronic switch 7 through a DC voltage, and the electronic switch 7 is bridged across the H-shaped excitation slot 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, there are four electronic switches 7, and the four electronic switches 7 control the H-shaped excitation gap 3. The high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1 is a radiation body, the metal short-circuit column 9 is grounded, and the DC bias circuit 8 is provided with a lumped electronic component 10.

[0029] In this embodiment, the horizontally polarized directional pattern reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna provided by the utility model mainly includes a high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1, a nylon column 2 for supporting and fixing, a controllable H-shaped excitation slot 3, a metal floor 4 etched with an H-shaped slot, and a T-shaped microstrip feed 5 with an open terminal; a low-loss dielectric substrate 6, wherein the high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1 is placed at the center of the low-loss dielectric substrate 6, and the two-layer structure is fixedly supported by the nylon column 2, the metal floor 4 and the T-shaped microstrip feed 5 with an open terminal are respectively implemented on the upper surface and the lower surface of the low-loss dielectric substrate 6, and the controllable H-shaped excitation slot 3 is etched on the metal floor 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, the utility model utilizes the open-ended T-shaped microstrip feed 5 to excite the controllable H-shaped excitation slot 3, and further couples and excites the high dielectric constant dielectric resonator 1, so as to generate stable radiation with horizontal polarization. The T-shaped microstrip feed 5 can achieve good impedance matching by adjusting the open-ended terminal branches and its own size structure. At the same time, since it can excite the slot resonance mode and the dielectric resonator resonance mode, it can achieve a wider impedance bandwidth (2.2 GHz-2.6GHz), which can cover the 2.4GHz WI-FI frequency band requirements. At the same time, since it uses a high dielectric constant dielectric resonator as the main radiator, the utility model has a compact structure (0.48λ 0 ×0.48λ 0 ×0.13λ 0 , where λ 0 2.4 GHz free space wavelength) and good radiation efficiency.

[0031] In this embodiment, the utility model uses a controllable H-shaped excitation slot 3 to adjust the shape of the excitation slot, thereby regulating the electric field to achieve the deflection of the radiation pattern. In order to further explain the radiation characteristics of the rectangular dielectric resonator under the excitation of slots of different shapes, Figure 3 The electric field distribution under the excitation of the Π-shaped slot and the T-shaped slot is shown. For the Π-shaped slot, both ends of the slot extend in the -x direction. As the extended slot is extended, the excitation currents in the extended slot on the -x axis side cancel each other out; thus, the radiation in the +x direction of the dielectric resonator is enhanced, forming an inclined beam in the +x direction. For the T-shaped slot, the rectangular slot extends on the +y side. The existence of the +y side slot causes the current to concentrate on the floor on the +y side, further enhancing the radiation on the +y side, thus forming an inclined beam in the +y direction.

[0032] In this embodiment, in order to achieve the reconfiguration of the beam, the utility model combines the above two excitation slot structures that can achieve tilted beams, and four electronic switches 7 placed at corresponding positions and connected across the excitation slots 3 cleverly realize the control of simple excitation structure switching, thereby achieving reconfiguration of the radiation pattern.

[0033] In this embodiment, for state one, when the electronic switch elements Pin 1 and Pin 2 are turned off and the other switches are turned on, the extended gap in the -x direction works normally, and the Π-shaped slot in the -x direction is excited; the electric field is concentrated in the +x direction, and thus a horizontally polarized tilted beam in the +x direction (Phi=0°) is generated.

[0034] For state 2, when the electronic switch elements Pin 2 and Pin 4 are turned off and other switches are turned on, the extended gap in the +y direction works normally, that is, the T-shaped slot in the +y direction is excited, and the electric field is concentrated in the +y direction, thus generating a horizontally polarized tilted beam in the +y direction (Phi=90°). Further, based on symmetry, states 3 and 4 corresponding to the Π-shaped slot in the +x direction and the T-shaped slot in the +y direction, that is, the switching of the tilted beams in the other two symmetrical directions, can be achieved.

[0035] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, the switching of the two-dimensional horizontal polarization pattern is realized by using four electronic switch elements. The electric field distribution corresponding to the four states is shown in Figure 1. Figure 5 As shown, the feasibility of the utility model to control the electric field and realize reconfigurable directional pattern is verified.

[0036] In this embodiment, the on-off states of the four Pin diodes and the corresponding directional angles of the directional diagrams are shown in Table 1 below:

[0037] Table 1

[0038]

[0039] In this embodiment, in order to realize the state control of the electronic switch 7 connected across the excitation gap 3, the DC bias circuit 8 corresponding to the electronic switch 7 is used to effectively switch the on / off state of the electronic switch through a DC voltage.

[0040] In this embodiment, the grounded metal short-circuit column 9 is implemented on both sides of the controllable H-shaped excitation gap 3, passes through the low-loss dielectric substrate 6, and is connected to the metal floor 4. In this way, the electronic switch 7 can control the working / grounding (cutoff) state of the excitation gap 3. The lumped electronic components 10 (resistance / inductance / capacitance) located on the DC bias circuit 8 can effectively avoid the influence of DC voltage control on radiation characteristics. The simple and efficient excitation control scheme designed by the utility model is suitable for future low-latency, low-cost wireless communication systems.

Claims

1. A horizontally polarized two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a high dielectric constant dielectric resonator (1), a nylon column (2) for supporting and fixing, an excitation gap (3), a metal floor (4), a T-shaped microstrip feed with an open terminal (5), a low-loss dielectric substrate (6), an electronic switch (7), a DC bias circuit (8), and a metal short-circuit column (9); The high dielectric constant dielectric resonator (1) is placed at the center of a low-loss dielectric substrate (6), and a nylon column (2) is used to support the high dielectric constant dielectric resonator (1) and the low-loss dielectric substrate (6); the metal floor (4) and the T-shaped microstrip feed (5) are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the low-loss dielectric substrate (6); the excitation gap (3) is etched on the metal floor (4); the metal short-circuit column (9) is located on both sides of the excitation gap (3) and passes through the low-loss dielectric substrate (6) to be connected to the metal floor (4); the DC bias circuit (8) switches the on / off state of the electronic switch (7) through a DC voltage; the electronic switch (7) is bridged across the excitation gap (3).

2. The horizontally polarized two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four electronic switches (7), and the four electronic switches (7) control the excitation gap (3), wherein the shape of the excitation gap (3) includes an H shape.

3. The horizontally polarized two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high dielectric constant dielectric resonator (1) is a radiation body.

4. The horizontally polarized two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal short-circuit column (9) is grounded.

5. The horizontally polarized two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC bias circuit (8) is provided with a lumped electronic component (10).

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