Roadway (tunnel) true triaxial test model device of prefabricated support structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a true triaxial test model device for a roadway (tunnel) with a prefabricated support structure. The model device is composed of a hollow cubic mold, a supporting structure and a hollow roadway (tunnel) mold. One side of the hollow cubic mold is open, and the center of the opposite side is provided with a hole consistent with the shape and size of a researched roadway (tunnel). The concrete-filled steel tube supports and the anchor rods are manufactured according to the reduced scale proportion, and the anchor rods penetrate through preset holes in the two sides of the connecting device, are connected with the concrete-filled steel tube supports and are fixed into a whole through nuts to form a supporting structure. The hollow roadway (tunnel) mold is annularly closed, is the same as the roadway (tunnel) in shape and size, is longer than the cubic mold, penetrates through a preset cubic mold hole, is arranged at the center of the cubic mold and is in seamless contact with the supporting structure. And pouring concrete into the cubic mold, and after the concrete is solidified and cured to form roadway (tunnel) surrounding rock, drawing out the roadway (tunnel) mold and demolding to obtain the roadway (tunnel) true triaxial test model with the support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of indoor model test design for lane (tunnel) support, and relates to a lane (tunnel) true triaxial test model device of a prefabricated support structure. Technical Background

[0002] The deformation and failure mechanism of tunnel models of different sizes are often studied by triaxial testing machines in order to provide guidance for on-site tunnel support. However, the common test models currently do not contain support structures and cannot simulate the control effects of different support schemes on tunnel deformation. Therefore, the difficulty of making a true triaxial test model device for a tunnel with a support structure needs to be solved urgently, so as to better guide the design of on-site support schemes. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the utility model is to design a true triaxial test model device for a lane (tunnel) with a prefabricated support structure. The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0004] The model device consists of a hollow cube mold, a support structure, and a hollow lane (tunnel) mold. One side of the hollow cube mold is open, and a hole with the same shape and size as the lane (tunnel) being studied is opened at the center of the opposite side. Steel tube concrete supports and anchor rods are made according to the scale ratio. The anchor rods pass through the preset holes on both sides of the connecting device, are connected to the steel tube concrete supports, and are fixed as a whole with nuts to form a support structure. The hollow lane (tunnel) mold is closed in annular direction, with the same shape and size as the lane (tunnel), and its length is greater than that of the cube mold. It passes through the central hole reserved in the hollow cube mold and is placed in the center of the cube mold to make seamless contact with the support structure. Concrete is poured in the cube mold, and after solidification and curing to form the surrounding rock of the lane (tunnel), the lane (tunnel) mold is pulled out and demoulded to obtain a true triaxial test model of the lane (tunnel) with a support structure.

[0005] The hollow cubic mold is open on one side and has a hole at the center of the opposite side with the shape and size of the lane (tunnel). The reserved center hole ensures that the annularly closed hollow lane (tunnel) mold can pass through smoothly. Its shape and size can be set according to the size of the sample that can be accommodated by the true triaxial testing machine. It can be a cube or a cuboid, and its material is steel or plastic.

[0006] The sizes of the steel tube concrete support and anchor rods, the row spacing of the steel tube concrete support, and the spacing and row spacing of the anchor rods can be selected according to different support schemes. The materials of the steel tube concrete support and anchor rods are steel or plastic. The steel tube concrete support and the anchor rods are fixedly connected as a whole through a connecting device with holes on both sides, and the length of the entire support structure is consistent with the distance from the opening surface to the opposite surface in the hollow cube mold.

[0007] The hollow lane (tunnel) mold is made of steel or plastic, is annularly closed and has the same shape and size as the lane (tunnel), but its length is 10% to 20% greater than the distance from the opening surface to the opposite surface in the cubic mold. After the supporting structure is erected on the surface of the hollow lane (tunnel) mold, one end of the supporting structure can just pass through the preset central hole in the hollow cubic mold.

[0008] The hollow lane (tunnel) mold is annularly closed to prevent concrete from rushing into the lane (tunnel) space during subsequent concrete pouring, thereby ensuring the formation of the lane (tunnel) space.

[0009] The hollow lane (tunnel) mold just passes through the central hole reserved in the hollow cube mold so as to be fixed in the lane (tunnel) at the center of the hollow cube mold, which is convenient for subsequent pressurization.

[0010] The hollow lane (tunnel) mold and the supporting structure are in seamless contact, which means that after the steel tube concrete support is connected to the anchor rod, the support is placed exactly on the surface of the hollow lane (tunnel) mold as a whole.

[0011] The pouring of concrete in the hollow cube mold refers to placing the opening surface of the cube mold upwards, with the opposite surface with the central hole in contact with the ground, and then filling all places in the hollow cube mold except the inside of the hollow roadway (tunnel) with concrete, stirring it evenly and tamping it to form the roadway (tunnel) surrounding rock.

[0012] The strength of the poured concrete can be adjusted in different proportions according to the lithology of the lane (tunnel) being studied.

[0013] The demoulding after the concrete is solidified and cured is performed, which means that the hollow lane (tunnel) mold is firstly pulled out, and then the outer cubic mold is removed.

[0014] It can be seen from the technical scheme of the utility model that the true triaxial test model device of the tunnel of the prefabricated support structure mainly includes a hollow cube mold, a support structure, and a hollow tunnel mold. First, a hollow cube mold with an opening on one side and a tunnel-sized hole on the opposite side is made, and a steel tube concrete support and an anchor rod are made according to the scale ratio. The anchor rod passes through the reserved holes on both sides of the connecting device, is connected to the steel tube concrete support, and is fixed as a whole with nuts; then a hollow tunnel mold with an annular closure that is completely consistent with the shape and size of the tunnel and a length greater than the hollow cube mold is made, and after the support structure is placed on the surface of the hollow tunnel mold, it is allowed to pass through the central hole reserved in advance in the hollow cube mold; finally, concrete is poured in the hollow cube mold, and after the concrete is solidified and cured to form the tunnel surrounding rock, the hollow tunnel mold is pulled out and demoulding is performed. The above technical solution has better solved the problem of making a test model of a roadway (tunnel) with a support structure, and can better simulate the deformation and failure laws of surrounding rocks of different types of roads (tunnels) under different support schemes, thereby optimizing the support scheme. In addition, the overall production process of the present invention is relatively easy to implement, which is convenient for the successful production of the test model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the true triaxial test model of the roadway (tunnel) with supporting structure;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the whole mold including the supporting structure;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the spatial position of the hollow cube mold and the lane (tunnel) mold;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of hollow lane (tunnel) mold

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the hollow lane (tunnel) mold and the supporting structure;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the steel tube concrete support and anchor rod connection device;

[0021] Among them, 1 is a hollow cube mold; 2 is concrete; 3 is an anchor rod; 4 is a steel tube concrete support; 5 is a hollow lane (tunnel) mold; 6 is a tray; 7 is a nut; 8 is a connecting device DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The utility model provides a true triaxial test model device for a lane (tunnel) of a prefabricated support structure. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the utility model clearer and more specific, the following uses a schematic diagram to further explain its implementation method in detail. It should be understood that the schematic diagram of the invention described here is only used to explain the utility model and is not used to limit the utility model. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0023] A method for making a true triaxial test model of a tunnel (tunnel) with a prefabricated support structure is divided into the following three steps: first, a hollow cubic mold (1) is made with one side open and a hole with the same shape and size as the tunnel is opened at the center of the opposite side, and a steel tube concrete support (4) and an anchor rod (3) are made according to the scale ratio. The anchor rod (3) passes through the holes preset on both sides of a connecting device (8), is connected to the steel tube concrete support (4), and is fixed as a whole with nuts (7); then, a hollow tunnel (tunnel) mold (5) is made which is annularly closed and has the same size and shape as the tunnel and is longer than the hollow cubic mold (1), so that it just passes through the central hole pre-set in the hollow cubic mold (1) and is in seamless contact with the support structure; finally, concrete (2) is poured in the hollow cubic mold (1), and demoulding is performed after solidification and curing to form tunnel (tunnel) surrounding rock.

[0024] The hollow cube mold (1) is made according to the sample size that can be accommodated by the true triaxial testing machine and is cast with steel material in the shape of a cube. A hole of the size of the studied lane (tunnel) is opened at the center of the opposite surface of the opening of the hollow cube mold (1).

[0025] According to the support scheme to be simulated, the anchor rod (3) and the steel tube concrete support (4) are scaled and calculated to determine the size, the row spacing of the steel tube concrete support (4), the spacing and row spacing of the anchor rods (3), and steel is used to cast the steel tube concrete support (4) and the anchor rods (3).

[0026] The anchor rod (3) is connected to the steel tube concrete support (4) through the holes on both sides of the connecting device (8), and is connected and fixed as a whole using nuts (7). The length of the entire support structure is consistent with the distance from the opening surface to the opposite surface in the hollow cubic mold (1), and the inner width of the entire support structure is consistent with the outer width of the hollow lane (tunnel) mold (5).

[0027] A hollow tunnel mould (5) is made of steel and is closed on four sides and has the same shape and size as the tunnel, but its length is 20% longer than the distance from the opening surface to the opposite surface in the cubic mould.

[0028] The support structure is erected on the surface of the hollow lane (tunnel) mold (5), and the support structure is in seamless contact with the hollow lane (tunnel) mold (5), so that one end of the support structure can just pass through the central hole preset in the hollow cube mold (1), and the hollow lane (tunnel) mold (5) is exactly located in the center of the hollow cube mold (1).

[0029] The concrete (2) is proportioned according to the lithology of the lane (tunnel) under study to obtain concrete (2) of required strength.

[0030] The opening of the hollow cube mold (1) is facing upwards, and the opposite side with the central hole is in contact with the ground. Then, concrete is filled in all places in the hollow cube mold (1) except the inside of the hollow roadway (tunnel) mold (5), and the concrete is mixed evenly and compacted to form the roadway (tunnel) surrounding rock.

[0031] After the concrete is left to stand for a period of time and cured and formed, the hollow lane (tunnel) mold (5) is first pulled out, and then the outer hollow cube mold (1) is removed.

[0032] The above is only a preferred specific implementation. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A true triaxial test model device for a lane (tunnel) with a prefabricated support structure, characterized in that: The model device consists of a hollow cube mold, a supporting structure, and a hollow lane (tunnel) mold. One side of the hollow cube mold is open, and a hole with the same shape and size as the lane (tunnel) being studied is opened at the center of the opposite side. Steel tube concrete supports and anchor rods are made according to the scale ratio. The anchor rods pass through the preset holes on both sides of the connecting device, are connected to the steel tube concrete supports, and are fixed as a whole with nuts to form a supporting structure. The hollow lane (tunnel) mold is annularly closed, has the same shape and size as the lane (tunnel), and is longer than the cube mold. It passes through the central hole reserved in the hollow cube mold and is placed exactly in the center of the cube mold, and is in seamless contact with the supporting structure. Concrete is poured in the cube mold, and after solidification and curing to form the lane (tunnel) surrounding rock, the lane (tunnel) mold is pulled out and demoulded to obtain a true triaxial test model of the lane (tunnel) with a supporting structure.

2. A true triaxial test model device for a lane (tunnel) of a prefabricated support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the hollow cube mold can be made according to the size of the sample that can be accommodated by the true triaxial testing machine, and can be a cube or a cuboid of different sizes.

3. A true triaxial test model device for a tunnel (tunnel) of a prefabricated support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sizes of the steel tube concrete support and anchor rod can be calculated in scale according to the specific working conditions. The anchor rod passes through the reserved holes on both sides of the connecting device, is connected to the steel tube concrete support, and is fixed with nuts. Then the entire support structure is placed on the surface of the hollow lane (tunnel) mold, and the two are in seamless contact.

4. A true triaxial test model device for a lane (tunnel) of a prefabricated support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape and size of the annularly closed hollow lane (tunnel) mold are exactly the same as those of the test lane (tunnel), and can just pass through the central hole reserved in the hollow cube mold, but the axial length is about 10% to 20% longer than the corresponding hollow cube mold, which is convenient for center positioning during the pouring process and demolding after forming.

5. The real triaxial test model device of a tunnel (tunnel) with a prefabricated support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the hollow cube mold, hollow lane (tunnel) mold, steel tube concrete support and anchor rod can be steel or plastic. The concrete mix ratio poured in the hollow cube mold can be different according to the lithology of the lane (tunnel) surrounding rock.

6. A true triaxial test model device for a tunnel (tunnel) of a prefabricated support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fill all places in the hollow cube mold except the inside of the hollow roadway (tunnel) with concrete, mix it evenly and tamp it. After solidification and curing to form the roadway (tunnel) surrounding rock, pull out the roadway (tunnel) mold and demould it, and then you can get a true triaxial test model of the roadway (tunnel) with a support structure.

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