Spray head switching device, printing head device and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, aims to solve the technical problem that some known spray head switching devices easily cause low printing efficiency, and provides a spray head switching device, a printing head device and a 3D printer. The nozzle switching device comprises a mounting part, a plurality of nozzle assemblies and a pushing part. The multiple nozzle assemblies are arranged on the mounting part at intervals, and each nozzle assembly is configured to move between a standby position and a printing position relative to the mounting part. The pushing piece is movably arranged on the mounting piece in the first direction, the pushing piece is configured to abut against each spray head assembly, the pushing piece comprises a plurality of pushing parts, and each pushing part is independently arranged corresponding to one spray head assembly. When the nozzle switching device moves to the first position, the pushing piece is triggered; when the nozzle switching device moves from the first position to the second position, the pushing piece moves relative to the mounting piece, so that at least one pushing part pushes the nozzle assembly corresponding to the pushing part to move to the printing position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more specifically, to a nozzle switching device, a print head device and a 3D printer. Background Art

[0002] Existing nozzle switching devices usually achieve nozzle switching through motors. However, motors generally have a large dead weight, which increases the weight of the nozzle switching device. During the actual printing process, the moving speed of the nozzle switching device needs to be reduced, which can easily lead to a decrease in printing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides a nozzle switching device, a print head device and a 3D printer to solve the technical problem that some known nozzle switching devices easily cause low printing efficiency.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a nozzle switching device, which is used for a 3D printer, and the nozzle switching device includes: a mounting member; a plurality of nozzle assemblies, which are arranged on the mounting member at intervals, and each of the nozzle assemblies is configured to be movable between a standby position and a printing position relative to the mounting member; a pushing member, which is movably arranged on the mounting member along a first direction, and the pushing member is configured to abut against each of the nozzle assemblies, and the pushing member includes a plurality of pushing parts, and each of the pushing parts is separately arranged corresponding to one of the nozzle assemblies; wherein, when the nozzle switching device moves to the first position, the pushing member is triggered; when the nozzle switching device moves from the first position to the second position, the pushing member moves relative to the mounting member, so that at least one of the pushing parts pushes the nozzle assembly corresponding to it to the printing position.

[0006] When the nozzle switching device of the present application needs to switch the nozzle assembly, the nozzle switching device is controlled to move from the first position to the second position, and the pusher slides relative to the mounting member, so that the pusher pushes at least one of the nozzle assemblies to leave the standby position until it enters the printing position, while the other nozzle assemblies remain in the standby position. In this way, the nozzle assembly of the present application does not need to be switched with an additional power source, which can reduce the weight of the nozzle switching device, increase the moving speed of the nozzle switching device between the first position and the second position, reduce the inertial force of the nozzle switching device when it stops moving, and greatly improve the moving position accuracy of the nozzle switching device, thereby improving printing efficiency and ensuring printing quality.

[0007] In one possible implementation:

[0008] The plurality of nozzle assemblies are divided into a plurality of columns of nozzle units, the plurality of columns of nozzle units are spaced apart along the second direction, and each column of nozzle units includes a plurality of nozzle assemblies distributed along the first direction; the pushing member also includes a plurality of pushing bars, the plurality of pushing bars are spaced apart along the second direction, the plurality of pushing bars correspond to a column of nozzle units respectively, and each of the pushing bars is provided with a pushing portion respectively, and in the second direction, at most one of the plurality of pushing bars in the same column in the second direction is provided with the pushing portion, so that when the pushing member moves relative to the nozzle mounting member, only at least one of the nozzle assemblies can enter the printing position.

[0009] In one possible implementation:

[0010] There are two pushing bars in total, and the two pushing bars include a first pushing bar and a second pushing bar. The first pushing bar and the second pushing bar are spaced apart along a third direction, and the first pushing bar is provided with a first pushing part and a second pushing part at both ends along the first direction, and the second pushing bar is provided with a third pushing part and a fourth pushing part at both ends along the first direction, and the third pushing part and the fourth pushing part are located between the first pushing part and the second pushing part along the first direction.

[0011] In one possible implementation:

[0012] The pushing bar includes a mounting plane, the pushing portion includes a butting plane and a transition arc surface, the butting plane is connected to the mounting plane through the transition arc surface; the nozzle assembly includes a nozzle bracket and a roller, the roller is rotatably connected to the nozzle bracket, the roller butts against the mounting part, and when the roller moves from butting against the mounting plane through the transition arc surface to butting against the mounting plane, the nozzle assembly switches from the standby position to the printing position.

[0013] In one possible implementation:

[0014] The mounting member includes a top wall, on which a first guide portion is protruding, and a guide groove is formed in the first guide portion toward a side of the nozzle assembly; the nozzle assembly includes a second guide portion, and the second guide portion is movably engaged in the guide groove along a third direction, and the guide groove is configured to guide the second guide portion to move along the third direction and limit the second guide portion in the first direction and the second direction.

[0015] In one possible implementation:

[0016] The mounting member further comprises a plurality of guide blocks, each of which is provided with a guide hole, the guide hole being arranged to penetrate along the third direction, and each of the nozzle assemblies is movably matched with one of the guide holes along the third direction.

[0017] In one possible implementation:

[0018] The nozzle switching device also includes a guide assembly, which is arranged on the mounting member. The guide assembly is provided with a plurality of guide holes, each of which corresponds to a corresponding nozzle assembly, and each of which is configured to guide the nozzle of a corresponding nozzle assembly.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a print head device, comprising the aforementioned nozzle switching device and an extrusion mechanism. The extrusion mechanism comprises an active member and a plurality of driven members, the active member is rotatably connected to a mounting member of the nozzle switching device, the plurality of driven members are rotatably connected to a plurality of nozzle assemblies of the nozzle switching device, and the driven member on the nozzle assembly at the printing position cooperates with the active member to convey consumables to the nozzle assembly.

[0020] In one possible implementation:

[0021] The print head device also includes an extrusion drive and a transmission assembly, wherein the extrusion drive is arranged on the mounting member, and the transmission assembly is connected to the extrusion drive, and the transmission assembly is arranged in the mounting member and cooperates with the active member in transmission, and the extrusion drive is configured to drive the active member to rotate through the transmission assembly.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application provides a 3D printer, comprising the aforementioned print head device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a nozzle switching device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a location in the middle nozzle switching device.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of another part of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle nozzle switching device from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the nozzle assembly of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0031] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a print head device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the print head device.

[0033] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle assembly and follower of the print head device.

[0034] Fig.11 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting parts of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0035] Fig.12 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a location in the middle nozzle switching device.

[0036] Fig.13 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of another part of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0037] Fig.14 for Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of another part of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0038] Fig.15 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the middle nozzle switching device.

[0039] Description of main component symbols:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "set on" another element, it may be directly set on the other element or there may also be a centered element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0046] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features of the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0047] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment provides a nozzle switching device 100, which is used for a 3D printer 400. The nozzle switching device 100 includes a mounting member 10, a plurality of nozzle assemblies 40 and a pusher 30. The plurality of nozzle assemblies 40 are arranged on the mounting member 10 at intervals. Each nozzle assembly 40 is configured to be movable between a standby position and a printing position relative to the mounting member 10. The pusher 30 is movably arranged on the mounting member 10 along a first direction X, and the pusher 30 is configured to abut against each nozzle assembly 40. The pusher 30 includes a plurality of push parts 31, and each push part 31 is arranged corresponding to a nozzle assembly 40 separately. When the nozzle switching device 100 moves to the first position, the pusher 30 is triggered. When the nozzle switching device 100 moves from the first position to the second position, the pusher 30 moves relative to the mounting member 10, so that at least one of the push parts 31 pushes the nozzle assembly 40 corresponding to it to move to the printing position.

[0048] When the nozzle switching device 100 of this embodiment needs to switch the nozzle assembly 40, the nozzle switching device 100 is controlled to move from the first position to the second position, and the push member 30 slides relative to the mounting member 10, so that the push portion 31 pushes at least one of the nozzle assemblies 40 to leave the standby position until it enters the printing position, while the other nozzle assemblies 40 remain in the standby position. In this way, the switching of the nozzle assembly 40 of the present application does not require the provision of an additional power source, which can reduce the weight of the nozzle switching device 100, increase the speed of the nozzle switching device 100 sliding along the first direction X, reduce the inertial force of the nozzle switching device 100 when it stops moving, and greatly improve the moving position accuracy of the nozzle switching device 100, thereby improving printing efficiency and ensuring printing quality.

[0049] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nozzle switching device 100 is arranged on a frame 401, and the frame 401 includes two columns 4011 spaced apart along a first direction X. The mounting member 10 is movably arranged between the two columns 4011 along the first direction X. The pushing member 30 is slidably arranged on the mounting member 10 along the first direction X. The first position of the nozzle switching device 100 is a position where the pushing member 30 abuts against one of the columns 4011. At this time, the pushing member 30 abuts against the column 4011. When the mounting member 10 has a tendency to continue to move in the direction of the column 4011, the column 4011 limits the pushing member 30, so that the pushing member 30 has a tendency to generate relative movement with the mounting member 10. The pushing member 30 having this tendency is in a state where the pushing member 30 is triggered. After the nozzle switching device 100 enters the first position, the mounting member 10 continues to move toward the column 4011, so that the push member 30 is relatively displaced with the mounting member 10 under the limiting action of the column 4011, and pushes the nozzle assembly 40 to move. When one of the nozzle assemblies 40 moves to the printing position under the action of the push member 30, the nozzle switching device 100 is located at the second position. The nozzle switching device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to a gantry-type 3D printer. In the structural form of this type of 3D printer, the frame 401 is formed in the form of a gantry. In other embodiments, the nozzle switching device 100 can also be applied to a complete 3D printer, a single cantilever 3D printer, an infinite Z-axis 3D printer or a delta 3D printer. The specific structure of the frame 401 can be adjusted accordingly according to the model of the 3D printer, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] When the nozzle switching device 100 of the present application switches the nozzle assembly 40, the magnitude of the force of the pusher 30 colliding with the column 4011 can be controlled according to the stroke required for switching different nozzle assemblies 40, thereby controlling the stroke and direction of the pusher 30 sliding relative to the mounting member 10 in the first direction X, thereby achieving different nozzle assemblies 40 moving to the printing position. At the same time, when the position of the currently selected nozzle assembly 40 is switched, the nozzle assembly 40 previously located at the printing position is no longer pressed by the pusher 31, and then returns to the standby position, thus ensuring that at most only one nozzle assembly 40 is located at the printing position at the same time, ensuring smooth printing.

[0051] Optionally, each nozzle assembly 40 is provided with a printing channel 20 .

[0052] Optionally, the nozzle assembly 40 and the mounting member 10 are matched with an elastic structure such as a spring, a torsion spring or a tension spring. In this way, the elastic structure can enable the nozzle assembly 40 to elastically press against the pushing member 30, so that it can be stably maintained in the printing position or the standby position.

[0053] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The nozzle assembly 40 is slidably matched with the mounting member 10 along the third direction Z. In other embodiments, the sliding direction of the nozzle assembly 40 may be between the third direction Z and the first direction X, and its specific sliding direction may be adjusted according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0054] Alternatively, see Figure 2 An optical axis 403 is also provided between the two columns 4011 , and the optical axis 403 extends along the first direction X. The mounting member 10 is slidably provided on the optical axis 403 along the first direction X.

[0055] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the multiple nozzle assemblies 40 are divided into multiple columns of nozzle units, the multiple columns of nozzle units are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, and each column of nozzle units includes multiple nozzle assemblies 40 distributed along the first direction X. The push member 30 also includes multiple push bars 32, the multiple push bars 32 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple nozzle units, each push bar 32 is respectively provided with a push portion 31, in the second direction Y, the push portions 31 of the multiple push bars 32 are staggered along the first direction X, so that when the push member 30 slides relative to the mounting member 10, only one of the nozzle assemblies 40 can enter the printing position.

[0056] In this way, it can be ensured that the pusher 30 switches only one nozzle assembly 40 to the printing position at the same time, while keeping the other nozzle assemblies 40 in the standby position, thereby ensuring smooth printing. At the same time, the array-distributed nozzle assemblies 40 are conducive to simplifying the switching logic of the pusher 30 and reducing the possibility of switching errors.

[0057] In this embodiment, four nozzle assemblies 40 are used as an example for description. Of course, the number of the push bars 32, the number of the push parts 31, and the number of the nozzle assemblies 40 can be adjusted according to the actual consumable switching requirements.

[0058] See also Figure 3 , the four nozzle assemblies 40 are distributed in a rectangular array in the first direction X and the second direction Y. There are two push bars 32, which include a first push bar 321 and a second push bar 322. The first push bar 321 and the second push bar 322 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. The first push bar 321 is provided with a first push portion 31a and a second push portion 31b, which are arranged at both ends of the first push bar 321 along the first direction X. The second push bar 322 is provided with a third push portion 31c and a fourth push portion 31d, which are arranged at both ends of the second push bar 322 along the first direction X. In the first direction X, the third push portion 31c and the fourth push portion 31d are arranged at intervals between the first push portion 31a and the second push portion 31b.

[0059] When the mounting member 10 slides along the second direction Y close to a column 4011, the pushing member 30 can push against the column 4011 and slide relative to the mounting member 10 along the second direction Y, so that one of the first pushing part 31a, the second pushing part 31b, the third pushing part 31c and the fourth pushing part 31d pushes the corresponding nozzle assembly 40 to move to the printing position.

[0060] The working process of the pushing member 30 of this embodiment is described below by taking the pushing member 30 along one direction of the first direction X as an example.

[0061] In the initial position, the first push part 31a, the second push part 31b, the third push part 31c and the fourth push part 31d are all located outside the four nozzle assemblies 40. When the push part 30 moves relative to the mounting member 10 along the first direction X, the first push part 31a first drives the first nozzle assembly 40a to move to the printing position. When the first push part 31a leaves the first nozzle assembly 40a and abuts the second nozzle assembly 40b, the third push part 31c abuts the third nozzle assembly 40c. At this time, the second nozzle assembly 40b and the third nozzle assembly 40c both enter the printing position. As the push part 30 continues to move, the first push part 31a leaves the second nozzle assembly 40b, and the third push part 31c drives the fourth nozzle assembly 40d to move to the printing position. Thereafter, the first push part 31a, the third push part 31c, the second push part 31b and the fourth push part 31d are respectively located on both sides of the mounting member 10 along the first direction X, and the four nozzle assemblies 40 are all located in the standby position. As the pushing member 30 continues to move, the fourth pushing portion 31d drives the third nozzle assembly 40c to move to the printing position. Thereafter, the fourth nozzle assembly 40d and the first nozzle assembly 40a are respectively moved to the printing position driven by the third pushing portion 31c and the fourth pushing portion 31d. After the pushing member 30 continues to move for a distance, the first pushing portion 31a, the third pushing portion 31c and the fourth pushing portion 31d are all located on one side of the mounting member 10, and the second pushing portion 31b drives the second nozzle assembly 40b to enter the printing position. Finally, the pushing member 30 moves to the other side of the mounting member 10 along the first direction X, and the four nozzle assemblies 40 enter the standby position again.

[0062] The process of the push member 30 pushing the nozzle assembly 40 to switch positions along different directions and at different initial positions can be clearly obtained according to the above description, and therefore, it will not be described in detail here.

[0063] Obviously, through the position design of the first push bar 321, the second push bar 322 and the four push parts 31, the push member 30 that moves only in the first direction X can be used, that is, the switching of the nozzle assembly 40 distributed in the first direction X and the second direction Y matrix can be realized, and then the switching can be realized by colliding with the frame 401, and the four nozzle assemblies 40 can be switched between the printing position and the standby position separately, thereby reducing the moving stroke of the push member 30 and improving its application range. At the same time, the switching of different nozzle assemblies 40 is realized by the collision of the push member 30 and the frame 401, without the need to set up additional drive structures such as motors, which not only reduces the weight of the print head device 200 and the size along the first direction X to improve printing efficiency and printing accuracy, but also saves the cost of the print head device 200, and has good economic benefits.

[0064] In this embodiment, see Figure 4, the push bar 32 is provided with a mounting plane 323. The push portion 31 is convexly arranged on the mounting plane 323, and the push portion 31 includes a top plane 311 and a transition arc surface 312, and the top plane 311 is connected to the mounting plane 323 through the transition arc surface 312. A part of the push portion 31 (such as the first push portion 31a and the second push portion 31b) is provided with transition arc surfaces 312 on both sides along the first direction X, and another part of the push portion 31 (such as the third push portion 31c and the fourth push portion 31d) is only provided with a transition arc surface 312 on one side. The nozzle assembly 40 is provided with a roller 41, and the roller 41 is tangent to the top plane 311, the mounting plane 323 and the transition arc surface 312. The top plane 311 can ensure that the push portion 31 keeps the nozzle assembly 40 against the printing position to avoid the possibility of the nozzle assembly 40 shaking at the printing position, and the mounting plane 323 can also keep the other nozzle assemblies 40 against the standby position. During the switching process of the push member 30 relative to the nozzle assembly 40, the roller 41 moves relatively smoothly from the installation plane 323 to the top plane 311 from the transition arc surface 312. In this way, the shaking of the nozzle assembly 40 during the switching process can be reduced, so that the nozzle assembly 40 after the switching position can be maintained in the printing position more quickly, thereby improving the printing efficiency. In addition, since the position switching of the nozzle assembly 40 is relatively smooth, the position error of the nozzle 46 of the nozzle assembly 40 can be reduced, so that it can better enter the accurate printing position, and the distance between the nozzle 46 and the printing substrate 402 and the projection position on the printing substrate 402 are close to or the same as the preset value, thereby improving the printing accuracy.

[0065] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 The push member 30 also includes two fixing bars 34, which are arranged at both ends of the first push bar 321 and the second push bar 322 along the first direction X, and are respectively connected to the first push bar 321 and the second push bar 322 to enclose a limiting hole 35, and the four nozzle assemblies 40 are respectively inserted into the limiting holes 35 to prevent the push member 30 from falling off the mounting member 10.

[0066] In this embodiment, see Figure 6 The mounting member 10 includes a bottom wall 11, a top wall 12 and two side walls 13. The bottom wall 11 and the top wall 12 are arranged at intervals along the third direction Z, and the two side walls 13 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. The two ends of the two side walls 13 are respectively connected to the bottom wall 11 and the top wall 12. The pusher 30 is slidably arranged on the side of the top wall 12 facing the bottom wall 11 along the first direction X, and a plurality of nozzle assemblies 40 are arranged in a rectangular array between the two side walls 13. The bottom wall 11 is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes 14, so that the pusher 30 pushes one of the nozzle assemblies 40 to extend from the avoidance hole 14 to the outside of the bottom wall 11 and enter the printing position, and the other nozzle assemblies 40 are kept between the top wall 12 and the bottom wall 11 and kept in the standby position.

[0067] Alternatively, see Fig.15 , the top wall 12 is provided with a T-shaped groove 15, the pusher 30 includes a T-shaped block 33, the extension direction of the T-shaped groove 15 is parallel to the first direction X, the T-shaped block 33 can be slidably matched in the T-shaped groove 15 along the first direction X, the cooperation between the T-shaped groove 15 and the T-shaped block 33 can limit the pusher 30 on the top wall 12 in the third direction Z, and at the same time can also guide the movement of the pusher 30 along the first direction X, so as to ensure the reliability of the pusher 30 switching the selected nozzle assembly 40. In other embodiments, the matching structure of the pusher 30 and the top wall 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, in other embodiments, the pusher 30 can also be slidably matched with the two side walls 13 along the first direction X, so as to also guide the movement of the pusher 30.

[0068] Alternatively, see Figures 4 to 6 The mounting member 10 further includes a plurality of guide blocks 16, each guide block 16 is provided with a guide hole 161, and the guide hole 161 is arranged to penetrate along the third direction Z. Each nozzle assembly 40 can be slidably engaged with a guide hole 161 along the third direction Z, so that the nozzle assembly 40 can move along the third direction Z with higher precision under the drive of the pushing member 30, so as to improve the accuracy of pushing the nozzle assembly 40 into the printing position and improve the printing precision.

[0069] Optionally, in this embodiment, two guide blocks 16 are provided, and the two guide blocks 16 are spaced apart on the bottom wall 11 along the first direction X. Each guide block 16 is provided with two guide holes 161 distributed along the second direction Y, respectively.

[0070] Alternatively, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The nozzle assembly 40 includes a second guide portion 42, and the top wall 12 is also protrudingly provided with a first guide portion 17, the first guide portion 17 is provided with a guide groove 171, and the second guide portion 42 can be slidably engaged in the guide groove 171 along the third direction Z. The cooperation between the guide groove 171 and the second guide portion 42 can not only guide the nozzle assembly 40 in the third direction Z, but also limit the nozzle assembly 40 in the first direction X to ensure that the nozzle assembly 40 will not move along the first direction X under the drive of the nozzle switching member.

[0071] See also Figure 6 The first guide portion 17 includes a guide protrusion 172 and a baffle 173. The guide groove 171 is provided on the guide protrusion 172, and the guide groove 171 is provided with an opening on one side of the first direction X and the third direction Z. The baffle 173 covers the opening of the guide groove 171 in the first direction X, so that the baffle 173 can play a stopping and limiting role in the first direction X.

[0072] Alternatively, see Figure 4 and Figure 5The mounting member 10 further includes a feed pipe 18 , which is fixed to the top wall 12 to guide the consumables through the top wall 12 and into the nozzle assembly 40 .

[0073] In this embodiment, see Figure 7 The nozzle assembly 40 includes a nozzle bracket 43, a heat pipe 44, a heating pipe 45 and a nozzle 46. One end of the nozzle bracket 43 along the third direction Z cooperates with the nozzle switching member, and the other end is connected to the heat pipe 44. The nozzle bracket 43 is provided with a first channel, and the heat pipe 44 is provided with a second channel, and the first channel is connected to the second channel. The nozzle 46 is connected to the end of the heat pipe 44 away from the nozzle bracket 43, and is connected to the second channel. The heating pipe 45 is sleeved on the outside of the heat pipe 44, and is used to heat the heat pipe 44, and then heat the consumables in the second channel to melt it and extrude it from the nozzle 46.

[0074] Alternatively, see Figure 7 The second guide portion 42 is disposed on the top of the nozzle bracket 43. The roller 41 is rotatably connected to the top of the nozzle bracket 43.

[0075] Alternatively, see Figure 7 A heat dissipation fin 47 is provided on the side of the nozzle bracket 43 to achieve a heat dissipation effect, thereby ensuring that the consumables in the first channel will not melt and become blocked, thereby ensuring smooth printing.

[0076] Alternatively, see Figure 7 The nozzle assembly 40 further includes a heat insulating sleeve 48. The heat insulating sleeve 48 is sleeved on the outside of the heat conducting pipe 44 to improve the heat preservation effect of the nozzle assembly 40, reduce the cooling speed of the consumables, and ensure that the nozzle 46 will not be blocked by the consumables.

[0077] Alternatively, see Figure 7 The nozzle assembly 40 also includes a second throat pipe, one end of which extends into the first channel and the other end extends into the second channel, which has a heat insulation effect to ensure that the consumables in the first channel will not melt and clog.

[0078] Alternatively, see Figure 7 The nozzle assembly 40 further includes an isolation column 492 , which is supported between the heat pipe 44 and the nozzle bracket 43 .

[0079] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the nozzle switching device 100 also includes a guide component 50, which is connected to the side of the mounting member 10 away from the extrusion mechanism 300. The guide component 50 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 51, each guide hole 51 corresponds to a nozzle assembly 40, and each guide hole 51 is respectively configured to guide the nozzle 46 of a nozzle assembly 40.

[0080] The nozzle 46 of the nozzle assembly 40 is guided through the guide hole 51 so that the distance between the nozzle 46 and the printing substrate 402 and the projection position of the nozzle 46 on the printing substrate 402 are close to or the same as the preset distance and the preset position, thereby ensuring the printing accuracy of the print head device 200 and saving the leveling step and improving the printing efficiency.

[0081] Alternatively, see Figure 5 The guide assembly 50 includes a guide plate 52 and a plurality of support columns 53. The guide hole 51 is provided in the guide plate 52. The support columns 53 are supported between the guide plate 52 and the mounting member 10 to ensure the installation accuracy of the guide plate 52.

[0082] Alternatively, see Figure 5 The shape of the guiding hole 51 is arranged in a contour with the nozzle 46, so that the guiding effect of the guiding hole 51 on the nozzle 46 can be ensured. For example, in this embodiment, the nozzle 46 is a cone, and the guiding hole 51 is a conical hole.

[0083] See also Figures 8 to 10 The present application also provides a print head device 200, comprising a nozzle switching device 100 and an extrusion mechanism 300. The nozzle switching device 100 is the nozzle switching device 100 of the aforementioned embodiment. The extrusion mechanism 300 comprises an active member 72 and a plurality of driven members 73, the active member 72 being rotatably connected to the mounting member 10 of the nozzle switching device 100, and the plurality of driven members 73 being rotatably connected to the plurality of nozzle assemblies 40 of the nozzle switching device 100, respectively, and the driven member 73 on the nozzle assembly 40 located at the printing position cooperates with the active member 72 to convey the consumables to the nozzle assembly 40.

[0084] The print head device 200 includes the nozzle switching device 100 of the above embodiment, and thus has the beneficial effects of the nozzle switching device 100 of the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail. In addition, the extrusion mechanism 300 is integrated and mounted on the mounting member 10 and the nozzle assembly 40, so that different extrusion consumables can be switched at the same time during the process of switching the position of the nozzle assembly 40, thereby improving the consumable switching accuracy and switching efficiency of the print head device 200, and further improving the printing efficiency and printing reliability.

[0085] In other embodiments, the extrusion mechanism 300 may also be independent of the nozzle switching device 100 and connected to the nozzle switching device 100 through a Teflon tube to reduce the weight of the print head device 200, increase the moving speed of the print head device 200, and improve printing efficiency.

[0086] Alternatively, see Fig.10The nozzle bracket 43 has a mounting hole 431 at one end away from the nozzle assembly 40, and the follower 73 is rotatably engaged in the mounting hole 431. The nozzle assembly 40 further includes two bearings 493, which are disposed in the mounting hole 431 and fixedly connected to the nozzle bracket 43, and the two ends of the follower 73 are respectively engaged with the two bearings 493.

[0087] In this embodiment, see Fig. 9 The extrusion mechanism 300 also includes an extrusion driving member 71, which is connected to the active member 72 and is used to drive the active member 72 to rotate. The active member 72 is rotatably matched with the driven component of the nozzle assembly 40 located at the printing position, thereby realizing the function of conveying consumables between the active member 72 and the driven member 73.

[0088] Alternatively, see Fig. 9 The extrusion driving member 71 includes a driving motor 711 and a gear shaft 712 . The driving motor 711 is fixed to the side wall 13 . The gear shaft 712 is connected to the driving motor 711 . The gear shaft 712 is rotatably matched with the active member 72 .

[0089] Alternatively, see Figure 12 to Figure 14 The extrusion mechanism 300 further includes a transmission assembly 80, one side of which is in transmission cooperation with the gear shaft 712, and the other side of which is in transmission cooperation with the driven member 73. The transmission assembly 80 includes a transmission gear 81 and an intermediate shaft 82, the transmission gear 81 is meshed with the gear shaft 712, the intermediate shaft 82 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 81, and the two ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the two active members 72, so that the transmission gear 81 drives the two active members 72 to rotate at the same time.

[0090] Alternatively, see Fig.13 and Fig.14 The gear shaft 712 extends along the second direction Y, the intermediate shaft 82 extends along the first direction X, the mounting member 10 also includes two mounting portions 19 spaced apart along the first direction X, the two mounting portions 19 are connected to the top wall 12, and the two ends of the intermediate shaft 82 along the first direction X are rotatably fitted in the two mounting portions 19 respectively.

[0091] Optionally, the gear shaft 712 and the transmission gear 81 are matched through helical gear transmission.

[0092] See also Fig.14 When the extruder mechanism 300 is working, the extruder driving member 71 drives the active member 72 to cooperate with the two driven members 73 at the same time. The driven members 73 of any nozzle assembly 40 that enters the printing position can cooperate with the active member 72 to realize the conveying of consumables, while the driven members 73 of the nozzle assembly 40 that enters the standby position cannot cooperate with the active member 72 to realize the conveying of consumables. For example, Fig.14The nozzle assembly 40 on the left side is located at the standby position, and the nozzle assembly 40 on the right side is located at the extrusion position.

[0093] Alternatively, see Fig.14 The active member 72 includes an active gear 721 and an active feeding wheel 722, which are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the intermediate shaft 82, and the driven member 73 includes a driven gear 731 and a driven feeding wheel 732, which are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the intermediate shaft 82. When the active member 72 and the driven member 73 cooperate, the active gear 721 meshes with the driven gear 731, and the active feeding wheel 722 and the driven feeding wheel 732 approach each other and clamp the consumables between them. In this way, when the active gear 721 drives the driven gear 731 to rotate, the active feeding wheel 722 and the driven feeding wheel 732 rotate in opposite directions, and the consumables clamped between them move toward the nozzle 46 mechanism, thereby transporting the consumables to the nozzle assembly 40. When the active member 72 is separated from the driven member 73 , the active gear 721 is no longer meshed with the driven gear 731 , and the distance between the active feeding wheel 722 and the driven feeding wheel 732 is also greater than the outer diameter of the consumables, thereby failing to transport the consumables.

[0094] In this embodiment, see Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.11 , the two side walls 13 are respectively provided with air supply holes 131. The print head device 200 also includes two first fans 61 and two second fans 62. The two first fans 61 are arranged on both sides of the side wall 13 along the first direction X, and the first fans 61 are respectively connected to the two side walls 13 on both sides along the second direction Y. The two second fans 62 are respectively arranged on the outsides of the two side walls 13 and are arranged corresponding to the air supply holes 131. In this way, the first fan 61 and the second fan 62 can realize the function of heat exchange between the air in the mounting part 10 and the outside air, improve the cooling efficiency of the nozzle assembly 40, and ensure that the consumables will not melt or block the printing channel 20 in the nozzle bracket 43.

[0095] Optionally, the first fan 61 is a centrifugal fan, and the air inlet side of the centrifugal fan is arranged corresponding to the heat dissipation fins 47 of the plurality of nozzle assemblies 40, so that the hot air in the mounting member 10 enters the centrifugal fan. The print head device 200 also includes an air guide 63, which is connected to the exhaust port of the first fan 61 for exhausting airflow.

[0096] Optionally, the second fan 62 is an axial flow fan, wherein the second fan 62 on one side of the mounting member 10 transports the air from the outside to the inside of the mounting member 10, and the second fan 62 on the other side of the mounting member 10 outputs the air inside the mounting member 10, thereby achieving the heat dissipation effect on the nozzle assembly 40 inside the mounting member 10.

[0097] In other embodiments, the number of the first fans 61, the number of the second fans 62, and the positional relationship between the first fans 61 and the second fans 62 and the mounting member 10 can be adjusted according to actual heat dissipation requirements, and this embodiment does not specifically limit them.

[0098] See also Figure 2 The present application also provides a 3D printer 400, comprising a frame 401, a print head device 200, an optical axis 403 and a printing substrate 402, wherein the print head device 200 is the print head device 200 of the aforementioned embodiment. The frame 401 comprises two columns 4011 spaced apart along a first direction X, the optical axis 403 is connected between the two columns 4011, and the print head device 200 is slidably disposed on the optical axis 403.

[0099] Since the 3D printer 400 includes the print head device 200 of the above embodiment, it has the beneficial effects of the print head device 200 of the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0100] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred implementation modes, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A nozzle switching device, the nozzle switching device is used for a 3D printer, characterized in that: The nozzle switching device comprises: Mounting parts; A plurality of nozzle assemblies, the plurality of nozzle assemblies are arranged on the mounting member at intervals, and each of the nozzle assemblies is configured to be movable between a standby position and a printing position relative to the mounting member; A pusher, the pusher is movably disposed on the mounting member along a first direction, the pusher is configured to abut against each of the nozzle assemblies, the pusher includes a plurality of push parts, and each of the push parts is separately disposed corresponding to one of the nozzle assemblies; When the nozzle switching device moves to the first position, the pushing member is triggered; when the nozzle switching device moves from the first position to the second position, the pushing member moves relative to the mounting member, so that at least one of the pushing parts pushes the corresponding nozzle assembly to move to the printing position.

2. The nozzle switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of nozzle assemblies are divided into a plurality of columns of nozzle units, the plurality of columns of nozzle units are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and each column of nozzle units includes a plurality of nozzle assemblies distributed along the first direction; The pushing member also includes a plurality of pushing bars, which are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the plurality of pushing bars respectively correspond to a column of the nozzle units, and each of the pushing bars is respectively provided with the pushing part. In the second direction, the pushing parts of the plurality of pushing bars are staggered along the first direction, so that when the pushing member moves relative to the nozzle mounting member, only at least one of the nozzle assemblies can enter the printing position.

3. The nozzle switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two pushing bars in total, and the two pushing bars include a first pushing bar and a second pushing bar. The first pushing bar and the second pushing bar are spaced apart along the second direction, and the first pushing bar is provided with a first pushing part and a second pushing part at both ends along the first direction, and the second pushing bar is provided with a third pushing part and a fourth pushing part at both ends along the first direction, and the third pushing part and the fourth pushing part are located between the first pushing part and the second pushing part along the first direction.

4. The nozzle switching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push strip includes a mounting plane, the push portion includes a top-butting plane and a transition arc surface, and the top-butting plane is connected to the mounting plane through the transition arc surface; The nozzle assembly includes a nozzle bracket and a roller, the roller is rotatably connected to the nozzle bracket, the roller abuts against the mounting member, and when the roller moves from abutting against the mounting plane through the transition arc surface to abutting against the mounting plane, the nozzle assembly switches from the standby position to the printing position.

5. The nozzle switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting member further comprises a first guide portion, wherein the first guide portion has a guide groove formed on one side facing the nozzle assembly; The nozzle assembly includes a second guide portion, which is movably engaged in the guide groove along a third direction, and the guide groove is configured to guide the second guide portion to move along the third direction and limit the second guide portion in the first direction and the second direction.

6. The nozzle switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting member further comprises a plurality of guide blocks, each of which is provided with a guide hole, the guide hole being arranged to penetrate along the third direction, and each of the nozzle assemblies is movably matched with one of the guide holes along the third direction.

7. The nozzle switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle switching device also includes a guide assembly, which is arranged on the mounting member. The guide assembly is provided with a plurality of guide holes, each of which is arranged corresponding to one of the nozzle assemblies, and each of the guide holes is respectively configured to guide the nozzle corresponding to one of the nozzle assemblies.

8. A print head device, characterized in that: include: The nozzle switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The extrusion mechanism includes an active member and a plurality of driven members, wherein the active member is rotatably connected to a mounting member of the nozzle switching device, and the plurality of driven members are respectively rotatably connected to a plurality of nozzle assemblies of the nozzle switching device, and the driven member on the nozzle assembly located at the printing position cooperates with the active member to convey consumables to the nozzle assembly.

9. The print head device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The print head device also includes an extrusion drive and a transmission assembly, wherein the extrusion drive is arranged on the mounting member, and the transmission assembly is connected to the extrusion drive, and the transmission assembly is arranged in the mounting member and cooperates with the active member in transmission, and the extrusion drive is configured to drive the active member to rotate through the transmission assembly.

10. A 3D printer, characterized in that: Comprising a print head device as claimed in claim 8 or 9.

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