Pathogen aerosol transmission experiment system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of biological experiments, and discloses a pathogen aerosol transmission experiment system which comprises a first respiration simulator, a first head mold assembly, an aerosol supply assembly, a second respiration simulator, a second head mold assembly and an aerosol collector. The first head mold assembly comprises a first base and a first head mold, an aerosol release opening is formed in the first head mold, and an air outlet of the first respiration simulator communicates with the aerosol release opening. And an air outlet of the aerosol supply assembly is communicated to a communicating pipeline of the first respiration simulator and the first head mold. The second head mold assembly comprises a second base and a second head mold, an aerosol collecting opening is formed in the second head mold, an air inlet of the second respiration simulator is communicated with the aerosol collecting opening, and the first head mold and the second head mold both have three states of being static, nodding and shaking. And the aerosol collector is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the aerosol collecting port and the air inlet of the second respiration simulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biological experiments, in particular to a pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system. Background Art

[0002] Aerosols carrying pathogens may be generated in daily physiological activities such as breathing, coughing and talking, or in medical operations or daily behaviors. Although each cough and sneeze produces more aerosols than normal breathing, normal breathing is continuous, so aerosols produced by normal breathing account for a large part of the bioaerosols produced in a day. The transmission of pathogens through aerosols not only has a wide range of infection, but also makes it more difficult to control related diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to have a deep understanding of the exposure of susceptible people in aerosol environments. It is worth noting that when people are talking, their heads are constantly moving dynamically, and this dynamic movement will affect the direction of the exhaled airflow, thereby affecting the transmission direction of respiratory droplets and aerosols.

[0003] However, current research focuses more on measuring or using mathematical models to calculate the concentration of aerosols released into the environment by patients / pathogen sources when the human body performs different behaviors (coughing, sneezing or talking) under different ventilation conditions or facilities. When people talk in different venues, they may be at different head heights or head movements, which may have a significant impact on the amount of aerosols carried in the air that susceptible people are exposed to. Although the head moves frequently during conversations, the current pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system only studies the effects of different orientations on aerosol exposure under static conditions by placing head models in different positions, and cannot accurately study the effects of head movements on aerosol exposure.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system, which can experimentally study the influence of head movements on aerosol exposure.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system, comprising:

[0007] First Breathing Simulator;

[0008] A first head mold assembly includes a first base and a first head mold arranged on the first base, the first head mold is provided with an aerosol release port, the air outlet of the first breathing simulator is connected with the aerosol release port, and the first head mold has three states: static, nodding and shaking head;

[0009] an aerosol supply component, whose air outlet is connected to the connecting pipeline between the first breathing simulator and the first head model, and is used to supply pathogen aerosol into the connecting pipeline between the first breathing simulator and the first head model;

[0010] Second breathing simulator;

[0011] The second head mold assembly includes a second base and a second head mold arranged on the second base, the second head mold is provided with an aerosol collection port, the air inlet of the second breathing simulator is connected with the aerosol collection port, and the second head mold has three states: static, nodding and shaking head;

[0012] The aerosol collector is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the aerosol collection port and the air inlet of the second breathing simulator.

[0013] As an improvement of the above technical solution, two aerosol release ports are provided, and the two aerosol release ports include an oral aerosol release port and a nasal aerosol release port.

[0014] As an improvement of the above technical solution, it also includes a three-way pipe, the air outlet of the first breathing simulator is connected to the first port of the three-way pipe, the air outlet of the aerosol supply assembly is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe, and the oral aerosol release port and the nasal aerosol release port are both connected to the third port of the three-way pipe.

[0015] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the aerosol supply assembly includes an air pump and an aerosol sprayer, the air inlet of the aerosol sprayer is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the air outlet of the aerosol sprayer is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe.

[0016] As an improvement of the above technical solution, an aerosol inlet is provided on the first base, the third port of the three-way pipe is connected to the aerosol inlet, a first aerosol circulation pipeline is provided in the first head mold assembly, and the oral aerosol release port and the nasal aerosol release port are both connected to the aerosol inlet via the first aerosol circulation pipeline.

[0017] As an improvement of the above technical solution, two aerosol collection ports are provided, and the two aerosol collection ports include an oral aerosol collection port and a nasal aerosol collection port.

[0018] As an improvement of the above technical solution, an aerosol outlet is provided on the second base, and the aerosol outlet is connected to the air inlet of the aerosol collector. A second aerosol circulation pipeline is provided in the second head mold assembly, and the oral aerosol collection port and the nasal aerosol collection port are both connected to the aerosol outlet through the second aerosol circulation pipeline.

[0019] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the first head mold assembly further includes a first driving mechanism disposed on the first base, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the first head mold to move;

[0020] The second head mold further includes a second driving mechanism disposed on the second base, and the second driving mechanism is used for driving the second head mold to move.

[0021] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the maximum amplitude of the nodding action of the first head mold and the second head mold in the nodding state is 90° in pitch and elevation.

[0022] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the maximum amplitude of the shaking motion of the first head mold and the second head mold in the shaking state is 90° to the left and right.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system provided by the utility model simulates the process of human body exhaling pathogen aerosol through the cooperation of the first breathing simulator, the first head model assembly and the aerosol supply assembly, and simulates the process of human body inhaling pathogen aerosol through the cooperation of the second breathing simulator, the second head model assembly and the aerosol collector. Since the first head model assembly and the second head model assembly both have three states of stillness, nodding and shaking head, the pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system can simulate the pathogen aerosol exposure dose of a person under normal breathing conditions and different head movements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1. The first breathing simulator;

[0028] 2. first head mold assembly; 21. first base; 211. first base; 212. first upper body model; 22. first head mold; 221. oral aerosol release port; 222. nasal aerosol release port;

[0029] 3. Aerosol supply assembly; 31. Air pump; 32. Aerosol sprayer;

[0030] 4. Second breathing simulator;

[0031] 5. Second head model assembly; 51. Second base; 511. Second base; 512. Second upper body model; 52. Second head model; 521. Oral aerosol collection port; 522. Nasal aerosol collection port;

[0032] 6. Aerosol collector;

[0033] 7. Tee pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system, including a first breathing simulator 1, a first head mold assembly 2, an aerosol supply assembly 3, a second breathing simulator 4, a second head mold assembly 5 and an aerosol collector 6. The first head mold assembly 2 includes a first base 21 and a first head mold 22 arranged on the first base 21, an aerosol release port is arranged on the first head mold 22, the air outlet of the first breathing simulator 1 is connected to the aerosol release port, and the first head mold 22 has three states: static, nodding and shaking head. The air outlet of the aerosol supply assembly 3 is connected to the connecting pipeline between the first breathing simulator 1 and the first head mold 22, and is used to supply pathogen aerosol to the connecting pipeline between the first breathing simulator 1 and the first head mold 22. The second head mold assembly 5 includes a second base 51 and a second head mold 52 arranged on the second base 51, an aerosol collection port is arranged on the second head mold 52, the air inlet of the second breathing simulator 4 is connected to the aerosol collection port, and the second head mold 52 has three states: static, nodding and shaking head. The aerosol collector 6 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the aerosol collection port and the air inlet of the second breathing simulator 4 .

[0039] The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system provided in this embodiment simulates the process of human body exhaling pathogen aerosols through the cooperation of the first breathing simulator 1, the first head mold assembly 2 and the aerosol supply assembly 3, and simulates the process of human body inhaling pathogen aerosols through the cooperation of the second breathing simulator 4, the second head mold assembly 5 and the aerosol collector 6. Since the first head mold assembly 2 and the second head mold assembly 5 both have three states of stillness, nodding and shaking head, the pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system can simulate the aerosol exposure dose of a person under normal breathing conditions and different head movements. By changing different movements, movement amplitudes and frequencies, the system can more comprehensively understand the aerosol exposure of susceptible persons during face-to-face conversations, and provide a simulation system closer to the human body for studying the real exposure of susceptible persons in an aerosol environment, thereby providing experimental data support and basis for corresponding preventive measures for disease infection.

[0040] Optionally, two aerosol release ports are provided, including an oral aerosol release port 221 and a nasal aerosol release port 222. The oral aerosol release port 221 is used to simulate pathogen aerosols generated by mouth breathing, and the nasal aerosol release port 222 is used to simulate pathogen aerosols generated by nasal breathing.

[0041] Optionally, the pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system provided in this embodiment further includes a three-way pipe 7, the air outlet of the first breathing simulator 1 is connected to the first port of the three-way pipe 7, the air outlet of the aerosol supply component 3 is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe 7, and the oral aerosol release port 221 and the nasal aerosol release port 222 are both connected to the third port of the three-way pipe 7. The connection between the first breathing simulator 1, the first head mold component 2 and the aerosol supply component 3 is realized through the three-way pipe 7.

[0042] Optionally, the aerosol supply assembly 3 includes an air pump 31 and an aerosol sprayer 32, the air inlet of the aerosol sprayer 32 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 31, and the air outlet of the aerosol sprayer 32 is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe 7. The air pump 31 and the aerosol sprayer 32 cooperate to generate pathogen aerosol.

[0043] The first breathing simulator 1 and the second breathing simulator 4 in this embodiment are both MN-1A breathing simulators. The first head mold assembly 2 and the second head mold assembly 5 are both GB38880-II sports head molds, and certain improvements and adjustments are made. The aerosol sprayer 32 is CN25 type. The air pump 31 is HR-V02 type. The aerosol collector 6 is FA-1 Anderson sampler. The aerosol inhaled by the second head mold 52 in this embodiment is graded and collected by the aerosol collector 6; the aerosol particle size channels that can be collected include six levels of 0.3 microns, 0.5 microns, 1.0 microns, 2.0 microns, 5.0 microns and 10.0 microns. Studies have found that among the influenza virus RNA produced by influenza patients when breathing and speaking, more than 99% of the exhaled particles have a diameter of less than 5 microns, and even more than 87% of the exhaled particles have a diameter of less than 1 micron. Therefore, aerosol particles smaller than 3 microns are also important objects for collection. The aerosol particle size produced by the aerosol sprayer 32 used in the present invention is mostly 1 micron, which is more in line with the actual situation than the atomizer used in previous research. At the same time, the aerosol collector 6 used in the present invention can collect aerosol particles below 5 microns in sections. Compared with the Sartorius gel membrane (with a minimum pore size of 3 microns) in previous research designs, the collection range is more conducive to aerosol transmission research.

[0044] Optionally, an aerosol inlet is provided on the first base 21, the third port of the three-way pipe 7 is connected to the aerosol inlet, a first aerosol circulation pipeline is provided in the first head mold assembly 2, and the oral aerosol release port 221 and the nasal aerosol release port 222 are both connected to the aerosol inlet through the first aerosol circulation pipeline.

[0045] Optionally, the first base 21 includes a first base 211 and a first upper body model 212 disposed on the first base 211 , the first head model 22 is disposed on the first upper body model 212 , and the aerosol inlet is disposed on the first base 211 .

[0046] Optionally, two aerosol collection ports are provided, including an oral aerosol collection port 521 and a nasal aerosol collection port 522. The oral aerosol collection port 521 is used to simulate the intake of pathogen aerosols by oral breathing, and the nasal aerosol collection port 522 is used to simulate the intake of pathogen aerosols by nasal breathing.

[0047] Optionally, an aerosol outlet is provided on the second base 51, and the aerosol outlet is connected to the air inlet of the aerosol collector 6. A second aerosol circulation pipeline is provided in the second head mold assembly 5, and the oral aerosol collection port 521 and the nasal aerosol collection port 522 are both connected to the aerosol outlet through the second aerosol circulation pipeline.

[0048] The second base 51 includes a second base 511 and a second upper body model 512 disposed on the second base 511 , the second head model 52 is disposed on the second upper body model 512 , and the aerosol outlet is disposed on the second base 511 .

[0049] Optionally, the first head mold assembly 2 further includes a first driving mechanism disposed on the first base 21, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the first head mold 22 to move. The second head mold 52 further includes a second driving mechanism disposed on the second base 51, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the second head mold 52 to move. Driving the head mold to nod and shake its head by a driving mechanism is a prior art in the art, and the specific structure and principle are not described in detail here.

[0050] Optionally, the maximum amplitude of the nodding action of the first head mold 22 and the second head mold 52 in the nodding state is 90° in pitch and elevation, that is, the maximum downward and upward angles that the first head mold 22 and the second head mold 52 can perform are both 90°. In this embodiment, the nodding action in the nodding state is described by taking the pitch and elevation angles of 30° as an example. When the first head mold 22 is in the nodding state, the first head mold 22 swings up and down between -30° (lowering the head) and 30° (raising the head). When the second head mold 52 is in the nodding state, it also swings up and down between -30° (lowering the head) and 30° (raising the head). In actual experiments, the angles of nodding (raising and lowering the head) can be selected within the maximum nodding action range as needed. The movement form of the nodding mode is facing straight ahead - raising the head upward - returning to the normal position - lowering the head downward - returning to the normal position.

[0051] Optionally, the maximum amplitude of the shaking motion of the first head mold 22 and the second head mold 52 in the shaking motion state is 90° to the left and right. That is to say, the maximum left and right swing angles that the first head mold 22 and the second head mold 52 can perform are both 90°. In this embodiment, the shaking motion of the shaking motion state is described with 90° angles to the left and right. When the first head mold 22 is in the shaking motion state, the first head mold 22 swings between 90° to the left and 90° to the right. When the second head mold 52 is in the shaking motion state, it also swings between 90° to the left and 90° to the right. In actual experiments, the angles of shaking the head to the left and right can be selected within the maximum shaking motion range as needed. The movement form of the shaking motion mode is facing straight ahead - turning the head to the left - returning to the center - turning the head to the right - returning to the center.

[0052] The working process of the utility model is:

[0053] After turning on the power, the aerosol sprayer 32 generates aerosols carrying pathogens under the action of the air pump 31. The aerosol sprayer 32, the first breathing simulator 1 and the first head mold assembly 2 are connected by a three-way pipe 7, so that the first head mold assembly 2 simulates the infected person to generate aerosols carrying pathogens under the set breathing mode (mouth breathing or nasal breathing), breathing frequency, breathing tidal volume and other breathing parameter conditions and head movements; the second head mold assembly 5 simulates the actual aerosol exposure dose of the human body at different social distances and different postures under the set breathing mode (mouth breathing or nasal breathing), breathing frequency, breathing tidal volume and other breathing parameter conditions and head movements, and after being collected by the aerosol collector 6, a quantitative measurement experiment (such as real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, microbial culture, etc.) is carried out to obtain accurate data.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system, characterized in that: include: First breathing simulator (1); A first head mold assembly (2), comprising a first base (21) and a first head mold (22) arranged on the first base (21), the first head mold (22) being provided with an aerosol release port, the air outlet of the first breathing simulator (1) being connected to the aerosol release port, and the first head mold (22) having three states: static, nodding and shaking; an aerosol supply component (3), the air outlet of which is connected to the connecting pipeline between the first breathing simulator (1) and the first head mold (22), and is used to supply pathogen aerosol into the connecting pipeline between the first breathing simulator (1) and the first head mold (22); a second breathing simulator (4); A second head mold assembly (5), comprising a second base (51) and a second head mold (52) arranged on the second base (51), the second head mold (52) being provided with an aerosol collection port, the air inlet of the second breathing simulator (4) being connected to the aerosol collection port, and the second head mold (52) having three states: static, nodding and shaking the head; An aerosol collector (6) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the aerosol collection port and the air inlet of the second breathing simulator (4).

2. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerosol release ports are provided with two, and the two aerosol release ports include an oral aerosol release port (221) and a nasal aerosol release port (222).

3. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a three-way pipe (7), wherein the air outlet of the first breathing simulator (1) is connected to the first port of the three-way pipe (7), the air outlet of the aerosol supply component (3) is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe (7), and the oral aerosol release port (221) and the nasal aerosol release port (222) are both connected to the third port of the three-way pipe (7).

4. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aerosol supply assembly (3) comprises an air pump (31) and an aerosol sprayer (32), wherein the air inlet of the aerosol sprayer (32) is connected to the air outlet of the air pump (31), and the air outlet of the aerosol sprayer (32) is connected to the second port of the three-way pipe (7).

5. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An aerosol inlet is provided on the first base (21), the third port of the three-way pipe (7) is connected to the aerosol inlet, a first aerosol circulation pipeline is provided in the first head mold assembly (2), and the oral aerosol release port (221) and the nasal aerosol release port (222) are both connected to the aerosol inlet via the first aerosol circulation pipeline.

6. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerosol collection ports are provided with two, and the two aerosol collection ports include an oral aerosol collection port (521) and a nasal aerosol collection port (522).

7. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second base (51) is provided with an aerosol outlet, and the aerosol outlet is connected to the air inlet of the aerosol collector (6). The second head mold assembly (5) is provided with a second aerosol circulation pipeline, and the oral aerosol collection port (521) and the nasal aerosol collection port (522) are both connected to the aerosol outlet via the second aerosol circulation pipeline.

8. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first head mold assembly (2) further comprises a first driving mechanism disposed on the first base (21), the first driving mechanism being used to drive the first head mold (22) to move; The second head mold (52) further comprises a second driving mechanism arranged on the second base (51), and the second driving mechanism is used for driving the second head mold (52) to move.

9. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The maximum amplitude of the nodding movement of the first head mold (22) and the second head mold (52) in the nodding state is 90° in pitch and elevation.

10. The pathogen aerosol transmission experimental system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The maximum amplitude of the shaking motion of the first head mold (22) and the second head mold (52) in the shaking state is 90 degrees to the left and right.

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