Breathing simulation device for upper respiratory tract fine aerosol deposition research

Abstract

The utility model provides a respiration simulation device for upper respiratory tract fine aerosol deposition research, which relates to the field of respiratory tract coal mine dust deposition research and comprises a standard respiration simulator and a branch pipe model generated by CT (computed tomography) scanning modeling. The branch pipe model comprises two air inlet ends and a plurality of air outlet ends, the air outlet ends are jointly connected and communicated through the filter, and the other end of the filter is connected and communicated with the standard respiration simulator. According to the respiration simulation device for upper respiratory tract fine aerosol deposition research, a branch pipe model is modeled through CT scanning, the branch pipe model comprises a main air pipe, the exhaust end of the main air pipe is connected with two second-stage branch air pipes, the second-stage branch air pipes are connected with third-stage branch air pipes with different lengths, and the second-stage branch air pipes and the third-stage branch air pipes are asymmetrically distributed relative to the main air pipe; through the arrangement, the respiratory tract can be effectively simulated, and dust accumulation at different parts can be effectively detected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of respiratory tract coal mine dust deposition research, concretely is a kind of respiratory tract microfine aerosol deposition research is used breathing simulation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation environment of high dust concentration such as mine exploitation, the deposition of dust in the respiratory tract caused by long-term exposure of workers to dust can further cause occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. Particles can enter the lungs through the nasal cavity and upper respiratory tract and deposit in the alveolar region through Brownian motion, thereby causing diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. At the same time, long-term exposure to such particles can also have adverse effects on the cardiovascular and immune systems of workers. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the transport and deposition rules of inhalable particles in the respiratory tract for clarifying their biological effects and formulating effective occupational protection measures.

[0003] The experimental device and method for evaluating the influence of microenvironment on lung deposition disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN118150416A include a nasal cavity breathing structure, a microenvironment adjusting structure is arranged in the nasal cavity breathing structure, a respiratory tract structure is communicated with one side of the nasal cavity breathing structure, the other side of the nasal cavity breathing structure is communicated with a dust aerosol generator, a lung breathing structure is communicated with the side of the respiratory tract structure away from the nasal cavity breathing structure, the respiratory tract structure and the lung breathing structure are detachably connected, and a standard simulation breathing instrument is communicated with the lung breathing structure.

[0004] The technical scheme continuously adjusts the ventilation speed through the microenvironment adjusting structure, adjusts the temperature and humidity of the air entering, changes the type and particle size of the dust entering, and explores the change rule of the corresponding dust deposition in the lungs. The experimental device solves the technical function deficiency of the existing device. However, the respiratory tract simulation device of the device is a straight pipeline type, which has a large gap with the existing actual respiratory tract, and cannot measure the dust deposition amount under different breathing intensities. UTILITARY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a breathing simulation device for studying the deposition of microfine aerosol in the upper respiratory tract, which solves the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] TECHNICAL SCHEME

[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a kind of upper respiratory tract microfine aerosol deposition research and uses breathing simulation device, including standard breathing simulator, further including by CT scanning modeling generated branch pipe model, branch pipe model includes two air inlets and multiple exhaust ends, exhaust end is connected and penetrates through filter, the other end of filter is connected and penetrates through standard breathing simulator, two air inlets are connected and penetrate through breathing hemisphere, and dust aerosol generator is connected and penetrates through the air inlet of breathing hemisphere.

[0008] Further, the air inlet of breathing hemisphere has two, dust aerosol generator is connected in one air inlet, and individual exposure dust instrument is connected and penetrates through another air inlet.

[0009] Further, the air inlet of branch pipe model includes small air inlet upwards and large air inlet downwards, and two air inlets are communicated.

[0010] Further, branch pipe model includes main air pipe, main air pipe exhaust end connects two secondary air pipes, each secondary air pipe is connected with different length tertiary air pipe respectively, and secondary air pipe and tertiary air pipe are asymmetrically distributed relative to main air pipe.

[0011] Further, flow regulating valve is connected and penetrates through between filter and standard breathing simulator, and gas flow meter is arranged between flow regulating valve and filter.

[0012] Further, villus ring is arranged at the connecting place of breathing hemisphere and branch pipe model, and the villus ring connected with large import of branch pipe model keeps wet.

[0013] Further, villus ring includes water-absorbing villus, the root of water-absorbing villus is provided with water supply connecting ring for fixing water-absorbing villus, water supply connecting ring is connected and penetrates through water supply pipe, and water supply pipe extends to the outside of breathing hemisphere.

[0014] The utility model has the advantages that:

[0015] 1、the upper respiratory tract microfine aerosol deposition research and uses breathing simulation device, by the branch pipe model of CT scanning modeling, branch pipe model includes main air pipe, main air pipe exhaust end connects two secondary air pipes, each secondary air pipe is connected with different length tertiary air pipe respectively, and secondary air pipe and tertiary air pipe are asymmetrically distributed relative to main air pipe, by such setting, can effectively simulate respiratory tract for effectively detecting dust accumulation in different parts.

[0016] 2. The upper respiratory tract micro-aerosol deposition research breathing simulation device, the filter is connected between the standard breathing simulator and penetrates through the flow regulating valve, the flow regulating valve is used for adjusting the gas flow rate for simulating different breathing intensities, the gas flow meter is arranged between the flow regulating valve and the filter, and the gas flow meter is used for detecting the gas flow rate, and different gas flow rates can be adjusted for simulating different breathing intensities through the arrangement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a branch pipe model schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a breathing hemisphere connection schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a villus ring schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0021] 1, dust aerosol generator ； 2, individual exposure dust instrument ； 3, breathing hemisphere ； 4, branch pipe model ； 41, air inlet end ； 42, air outlet end ； 43, main air pipe ； 44, secondary bronchus ； 45, tertiary bronchus ； 5, filter ； 6, gas flow meter ； 7, standard breathing simulator ； 8, villus ring ； 81, water absorption villus ； 82, water supply connecting ring ； 83, water supply pipe ； 9, flow regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-4A respiratory simulation device for studying fine aerosol deposition in upper respiratory tract, comprising a standard respiratory simulator 7, which is used to simulate breathing, to generate airflow changes similar to human normal breathing or various pathological states according to set parameters, and can accurately control key indicators such as breathing frequency, tidal volume, and inspiration-expiration ratio. For example, the HRH-BRM2100 respiratory simulator produced by Beijing Huirong Technology Co., Ltd.

[0024] It also includes a branch model 4 generated by CT scan modeling. The model is based on CT scan images of a healthy 28-year-old Chinese male, a total of 204 images, with an image layer thickness of 1 mm. The airway geometric model is constructed by three-dimensional reconstruction technology, and is smoothed by model processing software. The high-performance transparent resin upper respiratory tract model is made by additive manufacturing technology.

[0025] The branch model 4 includes two air inlet ends 41 and a plurality of air outlet ends 42, the air outlet ends 42 are connected and penetrated through a filter 5, the filter 5 is composed of a printed shell and a filter material filled with 3M7744C7744 filter cotton inside, which can isolate aerosols,

[0026] The model size is 13.2 cm long, 14.7 cm wide, and 29.4 cm high, including the oral cavity, uvula, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, glottis, piriform fossa, trachea, and first three bronchial tubes; the oral cavity inlet is simplified as a circle, the cavity is arched, the height of the posterior tongue area is consistent with the real proportion of the human body, and is arranged along the horizontal direction; the model uvula is located on the upper wall of the oral cavity near the anterior wall of the pharynx, and the height is consistent with the actual anatomy; the shape of the model pharynx is irregular, the sagittal position is greater than the coronal position, and the pharynx is smoothly connected with the bottom of the oral cavity; the model larynx has a glottis opening below, the epiglottis protrudes inside the pharynx and is connected to the glottis through a tube type, and the height of the posterior epiglottis area is consistent with the actual human body size; the model piriform fossa is located at the bottom of the larynx on both sides; the air inlet end 41 of the branch model 4 includes a small air inlet above and a large air inlet below, and the two air inlets are communicated.

[0027] The main trachea of the model is 13.2 cm long, the branch model 4 includes a main trachea 43, the air outlet end of the main trachea 43 is connected to two secondary bronchial tubes 44, each secondary bronchial tube 44 is connected to a tertiary bronchial tube 45 with different lengths, and the secondary bronchial tube 44 and the tertiary bronchial tube 45 are asymmetrically distributed relative to the main trachea 43.

[0028] The other end of the filter 5 is connected and penetrates the standard respiratory simulator 7, and the two air inlets 41 are connected and penetrate the breathing hemisphere 3, which is made of additive printing, and its function is to contain dust and aerosol. The breathing hemisphere 3 is connected and penetrates the dust aerosol generator 1, which is HRH-DAG768 dust aerosol generator 1 produced by Beijing Huirong Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., which can generate aerosols of different particle sizes.

[0029] The breathing hemisphere 3 has two air inlets, one of which is connected to the dust aerosol generator 1, and the other is connected and penetrates the individual exposure dust instrument 2, which is used to detect the concentration of aerosol dust. The individual exposure dust instrument is a SIDEPAK AM520 individual exposure dust instrument produced by Qingdao Juyuan Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd.

[0030] The filter 5 is connected and penetrates the flow regulating valve 9 between the standard respiratory simulator 7, which is used to adjust the gas flow rate to simulate different breathing intensities. The flow regulating valve 9 is provided between the filter 5 and the gas flow meter 6, which is used to detect the gas flow rate.

[0031] The breathing hemisphere 3 is provided with a villus ring 8 at the connection with the branch model 4, which is used to simulate the villus blockage of the nasal cavity and the tongue blockage in the oral cavity. The villus ring 8 connected with the large inlet of the branch model 4 is kept wet to simulate the moisture of the oral cavity.

[0032] The villus ring 8 includes water-absorbing villi 81, the roots of which are provided with a water supply connection ring 82 for fixing the water-absorbing villi 81, and the water supply connection ring 82 is connected and penetrates the water supply pipe 83, which extends to the outside of the breathing hemisphere 3. Through such a design, the device can be kept wet.

[0033] Based on the above structure, it can be used to simulate respiratory experiments

[0034] The deposition of dust particles of different sizes in different parts of the respiratory tract is detected by the segmented weighing method. The dust aerosol generator is used to release 1 pm, 5 pm, 7.07 pm, and 10 pm particles into the respiratory hemisphere to create a uniform dust environment. When the dust concentration reaches 500 mg / m3, the dust aerosol generator is removed, and the respiratory power source is connected. Six respiratory intensities are set, including 10 L / min, 20 L / min, 40 L / min, 60 L / min, 85 L / min, and 105 L / min. The single sampling time is 2 hours, and a total of 24 experiments are conducted. After the experiment, the Sartorius ES1205a high-precision balance (minimum scale value of 0.01 mg) is used to measure the mass of the deposited particles in different parts of the respiratory tract model and the high-efficiency filter. The results are recorded to study the effect of respiratory intensity on the migration and deposition of particles of different sizes.

[0035] The experimental steps include

[0036] (1) Calibrate the dust aerosol generator to ensure that it can stably produce dust particles of the target size;

[0037] (2) Use the dust aerosol generator to release dust particles of the target size into the respiratory hemisphere, set up the experimental environment, and create a uniform dust environment;

[0038] (3) Connect the respiratory power source and set the respiratory intensity to simulate the human respiratory process. The single sampling time is 2 hours;

[0039] (4) Maintain the dust concentration stable during the experiment, observe and record the experimental operation regularly, and ensure that there is no leakage in the equipment and connections to ensure the accuracy of the experimental data;

[0040] (5) Disassemble the respiratory tract model, take out the filter membrane in the high-efficiency filter, and use the high-precision balance to weigh the model and the filter membrane;

[0041] (6) Clean the disassembled model thoroughly and weigh it again;

[0042] (7) Calculate the measurement results and analyze the migration and deposition of particles of different sizes in different parts of the respiratory tract under different respiratory intensities.

[0043] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations.

[0044] The above merely is the preferred specific implementation manner of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to this, any skilled person in the technical field according to the technical scheme and the utility model concept of the present utility model is equivalent to replace or change within the technical range disclosed by the present utility model, and should be covered in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A respiratory simulator device for use in upper airways fine aerosol deposition studies, comprising a standard respiratory simulator (7), characterised in that: Also included is a branch pipe model (4) generated by CT scan modeling, the branch pipe model (4) includes two air inlet ends (41) and a plurality of air outlet ends (42), the air outlet ends (42) are connected and penetrated through a filter (5), the other end of the filter (5) is connected and penetrated through a standard breathing simulator (7), the two air inlet ends (41) are connected and penetrated through a breathing hemisphere (3), the breathing hemisphere (3) is connected and penetrated through a dust aerosol generator (1) at the air inlet, a villus ring (8) is arranged at the connection between the breathing hemisphere (3) and the branch pipe model (4), wherein the villus ring (8) connected with the large inlet of the branch pipe model (4) is kept wet, the villus ring (8) includes water-absorbing villi (81), the root of the water-absorbing villi (81) is provided with a water supply connecting ring (82) for fixing the water-absorbing villi (81), the water supply connecting ring (82) is connected and penetrated through a water supply pipe (83), and the water supply pipe (83) extends to the outside of the breathing hemisphere (3).

2. The respiratory phantom for use in the study of fine aerosol deposition in the upper respiratory tract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breathing hemisphere (3) has two air inlets, the dust aerosol generator (1) is connected to one of the air inlets, and an individual exposure dust instrument (2) is connected and penetrated through the other air inlet.

3. The respiratory phantom for use in the study of fine aerosol deposition in the upper respiratory tract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet end (41) of the branch pipe model (4) includes a small air inlet above and a large air inlet below, and the two air inlets are communicated.

4. The respiratory phantom for use in the study of fine aerosol deposition in the upper respiratory tract according to claim 3, characterized in that: The branch pipe model (4) includes a main air pipe (43), the air outlet end of the main air pipe (43) is connected with two secondary air pipes (44), each secondary air pipe (44) is connected with a tertiary air pipe (45) with different lengths, and the secondary air pipe (44) and the tertiary air pipe (45) are asymmetrically distributed relative to the main air pipe (43).

5. The respiratory phantom for use in the study of fine aerosol deposition in the upper respiratory tract according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow regulating valve (9) is connected and penetrated through between the filter (5) and the standard breathing simulator (7), and a gas flow meter (6) is arranged between the flow regulating valve (9) and the filter (5).

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