Anti-explosion valve breaking assembly, cover plate, secondary battery and electric equipment
By designing explosion-proof valve breaking components in lithium-ion batteries, the battery thermal runaway and possible fire or explosion problems are solved, and the valve breaking is achieved in a timely manner when the temperature reaches the preset value, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420737881.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Lithium-ion batteries have a risk of thermal runaway during application, resulting in possible fire or explosion accidents.
An explosion-proof valve breaking assembly is designed, including a bracket, a trigger member and a valve breaking member. The trigger member releases the breaking member after the internal temperature of the battery reaches a preset temperature, so that it lifts the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate, allowing the reducing gas generated by the negative electrode to be directly discharged.
By breaking the valve in time, the chances of reducing gas reacting with the positive electrode are reduced, the generated oxygen or oxides are reduced, the sharp heating of the negative electrode is avoided, and thermal runaway and possible fire or explosion are prevented.
Smart Images
Figure CN222601274U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of explosion-proof of secondary batteries, and in particular to an explosion-proof valve component, a cover plate, a secondary battery and electrical equipment. Background Art
[0002] The direct driving force behind the rapid development of electrochemical energy storage is the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries. However, lithium-ion batteries have the risk of thermal runaway during their application. Once thermal runaway occurs in a lithium-ion battery energy storage power station, it is easy to cause fire or explosion accidents, with disastrous consequences.
[0003] The battery thermal runaway process can be divided into three stages according to the temperature: T1, T2, and T3. T1 is the stage of self-discharge or self-heating inside the battery, which is a thermal runaway state. When the battery reaches the T1 temperature, the negative electrode releases reducing gas. Since the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve is 0.8±0.15Mpa, the reducing gas does not reach the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve during the accumulation process, resulting in the inability to discharge the reducing gas in time. At this time, the reducing gas generated by the negative electrode has attacked the positive electrode sheet, and a large amount of oxides and combustible gases are released rapidly. The released oxygen reacts with the negative electrode and continues to generate a large amount of heat. The heat will reach the T2 (200℃, rapid temperature rise state)-T3 (above 1000℃) stage, which is easy to cause thermal runaway of the battery. In severe cases, it will catch fire or even explode, causing the uncontrolled spread of the single or module battery, causing immeasurable serious consequences. It can be seen that it is particularly important to break the valve (open the explosion-proof valve) in time before the single battery reaches the triggering thermal runaway. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an explosion-proof valve assembly, a cover plate, a secondary battery and an electrical device.
[0005] The utility model provides an explosion-proof valve breaking valve assembly, comprising a bracket, a triggering component and a breaking valve component arranged on the bracket, the bracket is used to be arranged on the cover plate of a secondary battery and support the breaking valve component at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate, the triggering component is arranged to release the breaking valve component after the temperature inside the battery reaches a preset temperature, and the breaking valve component is arranged to lift up the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate after being released by the triggering component.
[0006] Optionally, the rupture valve component includes an elastic member arranged on the bracket and a rupture valve component arranged on the elastic member, the elastic member is used to apply an elastic force to the rupture valve component in the direction of the explosion-proof valve, and the trigger component can limit the rupture valve component when the temperature is lower than a preset temperature, and can release the rupture valve component when the preset temperature is reached.
[0007] Optionally, the elastic member includes a spring wire, the middle part of which is wound to form an elastic portion, one end of the spring wire is connected to the bracket, and the other end of the spring wire is connected to the rupture valve member, and the elastic portion can apply a torsional force to the end of the spring wire connected to the rupture valve member in the direction of the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate.
[0008] Optionally, the valve breaking member includes a flip sheet having a corresponding first end and a second end, the first end of the flip sheet being connected to an end of the elastic member facing away from the bracket, and the second end of the flip sheet being connected to the trigger member.
[0009] Optionally, the trigger component includes a hot melt adhesive block connected to the bracket and a limiting plate connected to the hot melt adhesive block, the second end of the flip sheet is limited by the limiting plate, and the hot melt adhesive block is configured to be able to melt at the preset temperature.
[0010] Optionally, the bracket includes a first support plate for being arranged on the cover plate, the first support plate is located on one side of the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate, and an end of the elastic member is connected to the first support plate; and / or,
[0011] A limiting component for accommodating the end of the valve-breaking component close to the trigger component is provided on the side surface of the trigger component.
[0012] Optionally, the bracket further comprises a second support plate for being arranged on the cover plate, the second support plate is located on a side of the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate which is away from the first support plate, and the triggering member is connected to the second support plate.
[0013] The utility model also provides a cover plate, comprising a plate body and the explosion-proof valve breaking valve assembly arranged on the plate body.
[0014] The utility model also provides a secondary battery, comprising a shell, a battery core arranged inside the shell, and the above-mentioned cover plate arranged at the open end of the shell.
[0015] The utility model also provides an electrical device, comprising the secondary battery mentioned above.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
[0017] The explosion-proof valve rupture valve assembly provided by the utility model can release the rupture valve component by triggering the component after the temperature inside the battery reaches a preset temperature, so that the rupture valve component can spring open the explosion-proof valve in the first time, so that the reducing gas generated by the negative electrode can be directly discharged, and the reaction between the reducing gas and the positive electrode is reduced as much as possible, and the generated oxygen or oxides are reduced, which in turn affects the increase of heat at the negative electrode, avoids the negative electrode from heating up sharply, makes the abnormal monomer fail, and avoids the uncontrolled spread leading to serious consequences. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present utility model, and together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation mode of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the explosion-proof valve assembly described in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a front view of the explosion-proof valve rupture valve assembly described in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Description of Reference Numerals
[0023] 1. Bracket; 11. First support plate; 12. Second support plate; 2. Trigger member; 21. Hot melt adhesive block; 22. Limiting plate; 3. Valve breaking member; 31. Elastic member; 311. Spring wire; 3111. Elastic part; 32. Valve breaking member; 321. Turning piece; 4. Cover plate; 41. Explosion-proof valve; 42. Plate body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model, the scheme of the utility model will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0025] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the implementation methods in the specification are only part of the implementation methods of the present invention, rather than all of the implementation methods.
[0026] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the explosion-proof valve breaking valve assembly provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes a bracket 1 and a trigger component 2 and a breaking valve component 3 arranged on the bracket 1. The bracket 1 is used to be arranged on the cover plate 4 of the secondary battery and support the breaking valve component 3 at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 41 on the cover plate 4, wherein the connection method between the bracket 1 and the cover plate 4 is not limited, for example, the bracket 1 and the cover plate 4 can be integrally formed; for another example, the bracket 1 and the cover plate 4 can also be connected by riveting. It can be seen that the connection method between the bracket 1 and the cover plate 4 is not limited and can be selected according to actual needs. The corresponding valve breaking component 3 to the explosion-proof valve 41 on the cover plate 4 means that the valve breaking component 3 is located on one side of the explosion-proof valve 41, specifically on the inner side of the explosion-proof valve 41.
[0027] The trigger component 2 is configured to release the rupture valve component 3 after the temperature inside the battery reaches a preset temperature, wherein the preset temperature here can be 100°C, that is, the trigger component 2 can release the rupture valve component 3 after reaching the thermal runaway temperature stage T1. It can be understood that the preset temperature here can also be set to other temperatures according to requirements. The rupture valve component 3 is configured to lift the explosion-proof valve 41 on the cover plate 4 after being released by the trigger component 2.
[0028] After the temperature inside the battery reaches a preset temperature, the explosion-proof valve rupture valve assembly provided by the utility model can release the rupture valve component 3 by triggering the component 2, so that the rupture valve component 3 can immediately pop open the explosion-proof valve 41, so that the reducing gas generated by the negative electrode can be directly discharged, thereby minimizing the reaction between the reducing gas and the positive electrode, reducing the generated oxygen or oxides, and adversely affecting the increase in heat at the negative electrode, thereby avoiding a sharp temperature rise at the negative electrode, causing the abnormal monomer to fail, and avoiding the uncontrolled spread that leads to serious consequences.
[0029] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rupture valve component 3 includes an elastic member 31 arranged on the bracket 1 and a rupture valve component 32 arranged on the elastic member 31, the elastic member 31 is used to apply an elastic force to the rupture valve component 32 in the direction of the explosion-proof valve 41, and the trigger component 2 can limit the rupture valve component 32 when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, and can release the rupture valve component 32 when the preset temperature is reached.
[0030] Specifically, under normal conditions, the elastic force on the elastic member 31 always acts on the valve-breaking member 32, so as to provide the valve-breaking member 32 with an elastic force in the direction of the explosion-proof valve 41 through the elastic member 31. When the temperature inside the battery is lower than the preset temperature, the trigger member 2 always resists the end of the valve-breaking member 32 away from the elastic member 31, so as to limit the movement of the valve-breaking member 32 and avoid the phenomenon of accidental valve breaking in the working state of the battery. When the temperature inside the battery reaches the preset temperature, the trigger member 2 can release the valve-breaking member 32. At this time, the valve-breaking member 32 moves toward the explosion-proof valve 41 under the action of the elastic member 31, and the explosion-proof valve 41 can push open the explosion-proof valve 41 under the action of the elastic member 31 to realize active valve breaking, so as to facilitate the timely discharge of the reducing gas generated by the negative electrode in the battery and avoid safety accidents.
[0031] As a feasible implementation, the elastic member 31 includes a spring, which extends in a direction perpendicular to the cover plate 4, and the end of the spring is opposite to the explosion-proof valve 41. The valve-breaking member 32 is arranged at one end of the spring facing the explosion-proof valve 41, and the other end of the spring is supported by the bracket 1. Under normal conditions, the spring is in a compressed state, so that the spring applies a force to the valve-breaking member 32 in the direction of the explosion-proof valve 41, and the valve-breaking member 32 is limited by the triggering member 2. When the triggering member 2 releases the valve-breaking member 32, the valve-breaking member 32 can push open the explosion-proof valve 41 under the action of the spring.
[0032] As another feasible implementation, combining Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the elastic member 31 includes a spring wire 311, the middle part of the spring wire 311 is wound to form an elastic portion 3111, one end of the spring wire 311 is connected to the bracket 1, and the other end of the spring wire 311 is connected to the rupture valve member 32, and the elastic portion 3111 can apply a torsional force to the end of the spring wire 311 connected to the rupture valve member 32 toward the explosion-proof valve 41 on the cover plate 4.
[0033] Specifically, the winding method of the spring wire 311 can form a wound elastic portion 3111, and because the elastic portion 3111 is formed by winding, the elastic portion 3111 has a torsional force along its own circumferential direction, and the torsional force direction is opposite to the winding direction of the spring wire 311. One end of the spring wire 311 is fixedly connected to the bracket 1, and the connection method of the spring wire 311 and the bracket 1 is not limited. For example, a socket for inserting the end of the spring wire 311 is provided on the bracket 1, and the end of the spring wire 311 is inserted into the socket to fix the spring wire 311. On this basis, glue can be injected at the connection between the spring wire 311 and the socket to ensure the firmness of the connection. The other end of the spring wire 311 is connected to the valve-breaking member 32, so that the end of the spring wire 311 connected to the valve-breaking member 32 can rotate relative to the elastic part 3111, and can apply elastic force toward the explosion-proof valve 41 to the valve-breaking member 32 during the rotation process, and then after the trigger component 2 releases the valve-breaking member 32, the valve-breaking member 32 can move toward the explosion-proof valve 41 under the action of the elastic force to push open the explosion-proof valve 41. The elastic member 31 in this design can provide sufficient force on the valve-breaking member 32 to ensure that the valve-breaking member 32 can push open the explosion-proof valve 41, and the elastic member 31 can extend in the horizontal direction to reduce the space occupied inside the battery.
[0034] It can be seen that the design of the elastic member 31 is not limited and can be selected according to actual needs.
[0035] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The valve breaking member 32 includes a flip sheet 321, which has a corresponding first end and a second end. The first end of the flip sheet 321 is connected to the end of the elastic member 31 that faces away from the bracket 1, specifically to the end of the spring wire 311 that faces away from the bracket 1, and the second end of the flip sheet 321 is connected to the trigger member 2.
[0036] Specifically, Figure 2 Taking the direction shown as an example, the first end of the flip sheet 321 is the left end of the flip sheet 321, and the second end of the flip sheet 321 is the right end of the flip sheet 321. The left end of the flip sheet 321 is connected to the right end of the spring wire 311, so that the spring wire 311 applies an elastic force to flip the flip sheet 321 upward. The right end of the flip sheet 321 is connected to the trigger member 2, and the right end of the flip sheet 321 is limited by the trigger member 2. When the trigger member 2 releases the right end of the flip sheet 321, the spring wire 311 will drive the flip sheet 321 to rotate, so as to lift the explosion-proof valve 41 through the right end of the flip sheet 321.
[0037] The valve breaking member 32 in this design has a simple structure and can provide sufficient force during the turning process to ensure that the explosion-proof valve 41 can be lifted.
[0038] It is understandable that the flip sheet 321 can adopt a straight plate structure or other irregular shape structures, and can be designed according to actual needs.
[0039] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the trigger component 2 includes a hot melt adhesive block 21 connected to the bracket 1 and a limiting plate 22 connected to the hot melt adhesive block 21. The second end of the flip sheet 321 is limited by the limiting plate 22. The hot melt adhesive block 21 is configured to melt at a preset temperature.
[0040] Specifically, one side of the hot melt adhesive block 21 is bonded to the bracket 1, and the other side of the hot melt adhesive block 21 is bonded to the limit plate 22, so that the limit plate 22 is supported on the side of the hot melt adhesive block 21 away from the bracket 1 by the hot melt adhesive block 21, so that the overall structure is compact. Figure 2 Taking the direction shown as an example, the right end of the flip sheet 321 is located at the bottom of the limit plate 22 to be limited by the limit plate 22. When the internal abnormality of the battery occurs and the temperature exceeds the normal operating temperature and reaches 100°C (preset temperature), triggering the thermal runaway T1 temperature condition, the hot melt adhesive block 21 begins to melt. At this time, the limit block falls off due to the lack of support from the hot melt adhesive block 21, and the restriction on the right end of the flip sheet 321 disappears. The spring wire 311 will drive the flip sheet 321 to flip upward to push open the explosion-proof valve 41, causing it to break the valve in advance, and discharge as much reducing gas and oxygen generated by the negative electrode as possible to avoid reaction with the positive electrode.
[0041] The trigger component 2 of this design has a simple structure and can respond in time when the temperature inside the battery reaches a preset temperature, thereby ensuring that the explosion-proof valve 41 can be pushed open in time to avoid safety accidents.
[0042] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bracket 1 includes a first support plate 11 for being set on the cover plate 4. The first support plate 11 is located on one side of the explosion-proof valve 41 on the cover plate 4. The end of the elastic member 31 is connected to the first support plate 11, specifically, the end of the spring wire 311 is connected to the first support plate 11.
[0043] Specifically, the first support plate 11 extends in a direction perpendicular to the cover plate 4, and the length of the first support plate 11 can be designed according to actual needs. The first support plate 11 is arranged on one side of the length direction of the explosion-proof valve 41, and one end of the spring wire 311 is connected to the end of the first support plate 11 away from the cover plate 4, so that the length direction of the spring wire 311 connected to the first support plate 11 is consistent with the length direction of the explosion-proof valve 41, so that the spring wire 311 drives the flip sheet 321 to flip upward to push open the explosion-proof valve 41.
[0044] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bracket 1 also includes a second support plate 12 for being arranged on the cover plate 4. The second support plate 12 is located on the side of the explosion-proof valve 41 on the cover plate 4 that is away from the first support plate 11. The trigger component 2 is connected to the second support plate 12, specifically, the hot melt adhesive block 21 is connected to the second support plate 12.
[0045] Specifically, the second support plate 12 extends in a direction perpendicular to the cover plate 4, and the length of the second support plate 12 can be designed according to actual needs. The second support plate 12 is arranged on one side of the length direction of the explosion-proof valve 41, and the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 are arranged opposite to each other, the hot melt adhesive block 21 is arranged on the side of the second support plate 12 away from the cover plate 4, and the limit plate 22 is arranged on the side of the hot melt adhesive block 21 away from the second support plate 12. This design method makes the spring wire 311 and the flip plate 321 between the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12, so as to further ensure that when the flip plate 321 flips upward, the right end of the flip plate 321 can contact the explosion-proof valve 41, thereby pushing open the explosion-proof valve 41.
[0046] In some embodiments, the side of the trigger member 2 is provided with a limiting member for accommodating the end of the valve breaking member 32 close to the trigger member 2. The limiting member is a limiting groove provided on the side of the limiting plate 22, and the limiting groove is used to accommodate the second end of the flip sheet 321.
[0047] Specifically, a limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the limiting plate 22, and the right end of the flip sheet 321 is inserted into the limiting groove to limit the position of the flip sheet 321 through the limiting groove to prevent the right end of the flip sheet 321 from detaching from the limiting plate 22, resulting in the flip sheet 321 pushing open the explosion-proof valve 41 during normal operation of the battery.
[0048] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the utility model also provides a cover plate 4, including a plate body 42 and the above-mentioned explosion-proof valve rupture assembly arranged on the plate body 42. The explosion-proof valve rupture assembly here includes all the technical features of the above-mentioned explosion-proof valve rupture assembly. Specifically, the bracket 1 of the explosion-proof valve rupture assembly is arranged on the inner side of the plate body 42.
[0049] The utility model also provides a secondary battery, including a shell, a battery cell arranged inside the shell, and the above-mentioned cover plate 4 arranged at the open end of the shell. The cover plate 4 here includes all the technical features of the above-mentioned cover plate 4, and further includes all the technical features of the above-mentioned explosion-proof valve assembly.
[0050] The utility model also provides an electric device, which includes the above-mentioned secondary battery, wherein the secondary battery includes all the technical features of the above-mentioned secondary battery, and further includes all the technical features of the above-mentioned explosion-proof valve assembly. The electric device can be a vehicle, etc.
[0051] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
[0052] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present invention.
Claims
1. An explosion-proof valve assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support (1) and a trigger component (2) and a rupture valve component (3) arranged on the support (1); the support (1) is used to be arranged on a cover plate (4) of a secondary battery and to support the rupture valve component (3) at a position corresponding to an explosion-proof valve (41) on the cover plate (4); the trigger component (2) is arranged to release the rupture valve component (3) after the temperature inside the battery reaches a preset temperature; and the rupture valve component (3) is arranged to lift up the explosion-proof valve (41) on the cover plate (4) after being released by the trigger component (2).
2. The explosion-proof valve assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve-breaking component (3) comprises an elastic component (31) arranged on the bracket (1) and a valve-breaking component (32) arranged on the elastic component (31); the elastic component (31) is used to apply an elastic force to the valve-breaking component (32) in the direction of the explosion-proof valve (41); the trigger component (2) is capable of limiting the valve-breaking component (32) when the temperature is lower than a preset temperature, and is capable of releasing the valve-breaking component (32) when the preset temperature is reached.
3. The explosion-proof valve assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic member (31) comprises a spring wire (311), the middle part of the spring wire (311) is wound to form an elastic portion (3111), one end of the spring wire (311) is connected to the bracket (1), and the other end of the spring wire (311) is connected to the rupture valve member (32), and the elastic portion (3111) is capable of applying a torsional force on the end of the spring wire (311) connected to the rupture valve member (32) in the direction of the explosion-proof valve (41) on the cover plate (4).
4. The explosion-proof valve assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve breaking member (32) comprises a flip sheet (321), wherein the flip sheet (321) has a first end and a second end corresponding to each other, wherein the first end of the flip sheet (321) is connected to an end of the elastic member (31) facing away from the bracket (1), and the second end of the flip sheet (321) is connected to the triggering member (2).
5. The explosion-proof valve assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger component (2) comprises a hot melt adhesive block (21) connected to the bracket (1) and a limiting plate (22) connected to the hot melt adhesive block (21); the second end of the flip sheet (321) is limited by the limiting plate (22); and the hot melt adhesive block (21) is configured to be able to melt at the preset temperature.
6. The explosion-proof valve assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (1) comprises a first support plate (11) for being arranged on the cover plate (4), the first support plate (11) being located on one side of the explosion-proof valve (41) on the cover plate (4), and an end of the elastic member (31) being connected to the first support plate (11); and / or, A limiting component for accommodating the end of the valve-breaking component (32) close to the trigger component (2) is provided on the side surface of the trigger component (2).
7. The explosion-proof valve assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bracket (1) also includes a second support plate (12) for being arranged on the cover plate (4), the second support plate (12) being located on a side of the explosion-proof valve (41) on the cover plate (4) that is away from the first support plate (11), and the trigger component (2) is connected to the second support plate (12).
8. A cover plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plate body (42) and an explosion-proof valve assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 arranged on the plate body (42).
9. A secondary battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a battery cell arranged inside the shell, and a cover plate (4) as claimed in claim 8 arranged at an open end of the shell.
10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the secondary battery as claimed in claim 9.