Power divider for two-wheeled vehicle and three-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of power dividers, in particular to a power divider for a two-wheeled vehicle and a three-wheeled vehicle. Comprising a plurality of battery packs and a plurality of electric control switches, one end of each electric control switch is electrically connected with each battery pack, and the other end of each electric control switch is electrically connected with a load; the battery packs are further electrically connected with a central control unit, and the central control unit adjusts the power supply modes of the multiple battery packs by controlling a single electric control switch within a single time. When the battery pack is replaced, a single battery can be replaced, and the power supply of the battery pack is not influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power distributors, in particular to a power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In the battery replacement application of two-wheeled and three-wheeled electric vehicles, the replaceable battery pack must not be too heavy. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of battery life and power output, two, three or even more battery packs will be combined on one vehicle and used in series or parallel. However, each battery pack may have different residual capacity and voltage during the charging and discharging process, and the capacity cannot be increased by direct parallel connection, especially for lithium battery packs. Direct parallel connection will cause current to flow back from the high-voltage battery pack to the low-voltage battery pack, thereby burning the battery pack circuit or battery cell. For the method of using multiple battery packs in series, since the voltage increases exponentially, other electrical appliances in the vehicle need to be adjusted accordingly. In addition, this method requires the use of the capacity of all batteries, and cannot work with a single battery pack. At the same time, this will also bring a burden to the battery replacement station, and all battery packs need to be replaced at the same time when replacing the battery.

[0003] Based on the above problems, there is an urgent need for a device that can reduce the burden on battery swap stations without having to replace all battery packs. Utility Model Content

[0004] With regard to the battery packs currently used in series, all the battery packs need to be replaced when in use, which increases the burden on battery swap stations. The present application provides a power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles to solve the above problem.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An embodiment of the present application discloses a power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles, comprising a plurality of battery packs and a plurality of electronically controlled switches, wherein one end of each of the electronically controlled switches is electrically connected to each of the battery packs, and the other end of the electronically controlled switch is electrically connected to a load; the battery packs are also electrically connected to a central control unit, and the central control unit adjusts the power supply mode of the plurality of battery packs by controlling a single electronically controlled switch within a single time period.

[0007] Optionally, the central control unit includes a switch control module, a voltage detection module and a power detection module.

[0008] Optionally, the electronically controlled switch is a MOS switch.

[0009] Optionally, the switch control module includes a low-speed switching module, which switches the opening and closing of the plurality of electronically controlled switches at a rate greater than 1 second.

[0010] Optionally, the switch control module includes a high-speed switching module, which switches the opening and closing of the plurality of electronically controlled switches at a rate higher than 1 Hz.

[0011] Optionally, the switch control module includes a parallel control module, and the parallel control module controls the multiple battery packs to be connected in parallel when the power and voltage of the multiple battery packs are close.

[0012] Optionally, the switch control module includes a power shortage control module, and the power shortage control module is used to disconnect the electronic control switch when the power of a single battery pack is lower than a set threshold.

[0013] Optionally, the central control unit communicates with the battery pack via CAN communication and 485 communication.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] The utility model sets an electric control switch between the battery pack and the load, and the electric control switch is controlled by the central control unit. In the power supply process, the electric control switch controlled by the central control unit always only has a single battery pack to supply power, and current backflow will not occur. When the battery needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to turn off the electric control switch of the single battery to replace the battery, and there is no need to replace all the batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is the connection diagram of the power divider circuit of this project;

[0018] Figure 2 This is the circuit block diagram of the switch control module of this application.

[0019] In the figure:

[0020] 1. Battery pack; 2. Electronically controlled switch; 3. Load; 4. Central control unit; 5. Switch control module; 6. Voltage detection module; 7. Power detection module; 8. Low-speed switching module; 9. High-speed switching module; 10. Parallel control module; 11. Power failure control module; 12. CAN communication; 13. 485 communication. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0022] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 For the current method of using multiple battery packs 1 in series, the voltage increases exponentially, and other electrical appliances in the vehicle need to be adjusted accordingly. In addition, this method requires the use of the capacity of all batteries, and cannot work with a single battery pack 1. At the same time, this will also bring a burden to the battery swap station, and all battery packs 1 need to be replaced at the same time when swapping.

[0024] Based on the above problems, an embodiment of the present application discloses a power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles, including multiple battery packs 1 and multiple electric-controlled switches 2, one end of each of the electric-controlled switches 2 is electrically connected to each of the battery packs 1, and the other end of the electric-controlled switch 2 is electrically connected to the load 3; the battery pack 1 is also electrically connected to a central control unit 4, and the central control unit 4 adjusts the power supply mode of the multiple battery packs 1 by controlling a single electric-controlled switch 2 within a single time.

[0025] It is worth mentioning that the central control unit 4 in the above scheme can only open a single electric control switch 2 at the same time to adjust multiple battery packs 1, which can avoid the possibility of current backflow and protect the battery management system and battery cells of the battery pack 1.

[0026] Optionally, the central control unit 4 includes a switch control module 5, a voltage detection module 6 and a power detection module 7. The switch control module 5 can be controlled by a single chip microcomputer, namely, MUC.

[0027] Optionally, the electronically controlled switch 2 is a MOS switch.

[0028] Optionally, the switch control module 5 includes a low-speed switching module 8, which switches the opening and closing of multiple electronically controlled switches 2 at a rate greater than 1 second. This method can switch between multiple battery packs 1. In this mode, the battery pack 1 switched to supplies power to the load 3, and other battery packs 1 are idle. This mode is generally used when the current battery pack 1 has a relatively slow charge, a relatively high voltage, or is under a light load 3, and the charge of the battery pack 1 with a higher capacity is used first. Wait until the capacity of the current battery pack 1 decreases after being used for a period of time, and then switch to other battery packs 1 with higher capacity.

[0029] The switch control module 5 includes a high-speed switching module 9, which switches the opening and closing of multiple electronically controlled switches 2 at a rate higher than 1HZ. Switch quickly between multiple battery packs 1 at a rate higher than 1Hz. In this way, each battery pack 1 is turned on to output electrical energy in a certain time slice, so the power of the load 3 is distributed to each battery pack 1. Each battery pack 1 can be assigned a different duty cycle (time slice) to distribute different proportions of loads. Battery packs 1 with high SOC can be assigned more time slices to share more output energy. The advantage of this mode is that when the vehicle needs a larger current when climbing a slope or driving at high speed, the load can be shared by multiple battery packs 1, so as not to cause a battery pack 1 to exceed the rated current and be protected. In this mode, even if the voltages and SOCs of the battery packs 1 used at the same time are different, because the power distributor only opens one MOS switch at the same time, there will be no problems such as current backflow.

[0030] It is worth mentioning that the above technical solution allows battery packs 1 in different states to be used simultaneously, including replacing one of the battery packs 1 during battery replacement. When multiple battery packs 1 have different voltages and remaining capacities, they can still be used normally in a vehicle. It also supports the situation where the battery pack 1 of the vehicle is not fully equipped. For example, if two of the three battery packs 1 are installed and one of the two battery packs 1 is installed, the vehicle can still be used normally.

[0031] The switch control module 5 includes a parallel control module 10, which controls the parallel connection of the plurality of battery packs 1 when the power and voltage of the plurality of battery packs 1 are close. In some cases, when the MCU detects that the voltage of the battery pack 1 is close and the SOC is close to a set value, it can also control the plurality of battery packs 1 that meet the conditions to output directly in parallel to drive the load 3. This mode can be adopted when the capacity of the battery pack 1 is low and the ability to carry the load 3 becomes weak.

[0032] The switch control module 5 includes a power shortage control module 11, which is used to disconnect the electric control switch 2 when a single battery pack 1 is below a set threshold. The MCU on the power distributor can monitor how many battery packs 1 are connected to the vehicle and the status of each battery pack 1. For the protection of the battery pack 1, a threshold can also be set. When the SOC of a battery pack 1 is lower than the set value, the battery pack 1 will quit power supply and wait for battery replacement / charging. In this way, the vehicle can be used normally even when there is a lack of battery or the battery is replaced midway.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that the above solution can use the original battery pack 1, does not require a dedicated BMS, and can simply increase the battery life by increasing the number of battery packs 1.

[0034] Optionally, the central control unit 4 and the battery pack 1 communicate with each other via CAN communication 12 and 485 communication 13.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, the device components involved in the above embodiments are all conventional device components, and the connection methods and control methods involved are all conventional connection methods and control methods unless otherwise specified.

[0036] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the specific parameters in the embodiments described above may be changed to form a plurality of specific embodiments, which are all within the common variation range of the present invention and will not be described in detail herein.

Claims

1. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of battery packs (1) and a plurality of electric control switches (2), wherein one end of each of the electric control switches (2) is electrically connected to each of the battery packs (1), and the other end of the electric control switch (2) is electrically connected to a load (3); the battery packs (1) are also electrically connected to a central control unit (4), and the central control unit (4) adjusts the power supply mode of the plurality of battery packs (1) by controlling a single electric control switch (2) within a single time period.

2. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control unit (4) comprises a switch control module (5), a voltage detection module (6) and a power detection module (7).

3. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronically controlled switch (2) is a MOS switch.

4. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch control module (5) comprises a low-speed switching module (8), wherein the low-speed switching module (8) switches the opening and closing of the plurality of electric control switches (2) at a rate greater than 1 second.

5. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch control module (5) comprises a high-speed switching module (9), wherein the high-speed switching module (9) switches the opening and closing of the plurality of electric control switches (2) at a rate higher than 1 Hz.

6. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch control module (5) comprises a parallel control module (10), wherein the parallel control module (10) controls the plurality of battery packs (1) to be connected in parallel when the power levels and voltages of the plurality of battery packs (1) are close.

7. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch control module (5) comprises a power shortage control module (11), and the power shortage control module (11) is used to disconnect the electric control switch (2) when the power of a single battery pack (1) is lower than a set threshold.

8. A power distributor for two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control unit (4) and the battery pack (1) communicate with each other via CAN communication (12) and 485 communication (13).

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