Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery device and a power utilization device, the battery device comprises a battery monomer, a box body, a second pressure relief mechanism and a turbulent flow part, the battery monomer is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, the box body is provided with a containing cavity, the battery monomer is contained in the containing cavity, the box body is provided with an exhaust channel, and the exhaust channel is communicated with the containing cavity. The second pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the box body, and the exhaust channel is configured to be capable of guiding emissions discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism. The turbulent flow component is arranged in the exhaust channel. According to the battery device provided by the invention, under the condition of thermal runaway of the battery device, the condensation efficiency of emissions is improved, so that the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment is reduced, and the pollution to the environment under the condition of thermal runaway of the battery device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Battery devices are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and electric tools, etc.

[0003] In the development of battery device technology, in addition to improving the performance of battery devices, the environmental friendliness of battery devices in the case of thermal runaway is also an issue that needs to be considered. Therefore, how to reduce the environmental pollution caused by thermal runaway of battery devices is an issue that needs to be continuously improved in battery device technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a battery device and an electrical device to reduce environmental pollution caused by thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0005] This application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the battery device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a box, a second pressure relief mechanism and a spoiler, wherein the battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism, the box has a receiving cavity, the battery cell is received in the receiving cavity, the box has an exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage is connected to the receiving cavity. The second pressure relief mechanism is provided in the box, and the exhaust passage is configured to guide the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism. The spoiler is provided in the exhaust passage.

[0007] The battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a spoiler component in the exhaust channel, so that in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, when the emissions of the battery cells flow through the exhaust channel, the emissions collide with the spoiler component when encountering the spoiler component, so that after the droplets in the emissions encounter the spoiler component, a part of them will condense, and after the emissions encounter the spoiler component, the flow direction of the emissions changes, and they repeatedly collide with the inner wall of the exhaust channel and the spoiler in the exhaust channel, which is conducive to improving the timing and contact area of ​​the emissions contacting the inner wall of the exhaust channel and the spoiler component, and further helps to improve the condensation efficiency of the emissions. Therefore, the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to improving the condensation efficiency of the emissions and increasing the content of harmful substances remaining in the exhaust channel in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, and further helps to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment, and reduce the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the spoiler component includes a spoiler connected to an inner wall of the exhaust passage, and the spoiler has a first end surface, and the first end surface is spaced apart from the inner wall.

[0009] In the above scheme, the spoiler component includes a spoiler, which facilitates the arrangement of the spoiler component and can flexibly arrange the structural type of the spoiler as required, which is beneficial to further improve the condensation efficiency of the emissions.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the spoiler component includes a plurality of spoilers, and the plurality of spoilers are arranged at intervals along an extension direction of the exhaust passage.

[0011] In the above scheme, the spoiler component includes multiple spoilers. In the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, the emissions can collide and condense with the multiple spoilers respectively while flowing through the exhaust channel, which is beneficial to increase the number of collisions between the emissions and the spoilers, and to increase the timing of contact between the emissions and the inner wall of the exhaust channel, and further to improve the efficiency of emission condensation, so that more harmful substances in the emissions are settled and retained in the exhaust channel, which is further beneficial to reduce environmental pollution in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the spoiler is in a columnar or plate shape.

[0013] In the above solution, the spoiler is arranged in a columnar or plate shape, which facilitates the connection of the spoiler with the inner wall of the exhaust passage and the preparation of the spoiler.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, one end of the spoiler is connected to the inner wall, and the other end is a first end surface. Along the extension direction of the exhaust passage, at least two adjacent spoilers are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the inner wall.

[0015] In the above scheme, at least two adjacent spoilers are arranged in the extension direction of the exhaust channel and are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the inner wall, which is beneficial to increase the number and impact area of ​​emissions hitting the spoilers in the process of flowing through the exhaust channel, and is beneficial to further improve the condensation efficiency of emissions.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inner wall of the exhaust channel includes a first wall and a second wall adjacent to each other, the first wall and the second wall are arranged to intersect, and along the extension direction of the exhaust channel, the first wall is arranged on the side of the second wall facing the second pressure relief mechanism, and the spoiler component includes the first wall.

[0017] In the above scheme, the emissions will collide with the first wall when flowing from the second wall to the first wall. By setting the spoiler component including the first wall, it is helpful to simplify the overall structure of the box and to improve the efficiency of the emissions colliding with the first wall and then condensing.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the spoiler component includes a rough portion, the rough portion is provided on the inner wall of the exhaust passage, and the surface of the rough portion is concave-convex.

[0019] In the above solution, the spoiler component is provided with a rough portion, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the spoiler component and improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the surface roughness Ra of the rough portion satisfies: Ra≥1 μm.

[0021] In the above scheme, setting the surface roughness of the rough portion to Ra≥1 μm is beneficial to increasing the protrusion height of the protrusions of the rough portion, thereby increasing the area where the emissions collide with the protrusions, and further improving the condensation efficiency of the emissions.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device further includes a phase change element, and the phase change element is disposed in the exhaust channel.

[0023] In the above scheme, by arranging a phase change element in the exhaust channel, the phase change element can absorb heat in the exhaust when the exhaust flows through the phase change element, which facilitates the condensation of gas in the exhaust into liquid, and is beneficial to further improve the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the phase change element includes at least one of paraffin and hydrated salt.

[0025] In the above solution, the phase change element is provided to include at least one of paraffin and hydrated salt, which is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the battery device and improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device further includes a condensation member, which is disposed in the exhaust passage and includes condensation nucleus particles.

[0027] In the above scheme, a condensation piece is arranged in the exhaust channel, and the condensation piece includes condensation nucleus particles. In the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, the exhaust will condense and agglomerate when encountering the condensation piece, which is beneficial to increase the content of harmful substances remaining in the exhaust channel, further reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment, and reduce environmental pollution in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, the box body includes a frame, the frame is arranged to form a containing cavity, and at least a portion of the exhaust passage is arranged in the frame.

[0029] In the above solution, at least part of the exhaust passage is disposed in the frame. The exhaust passage can be disposed in the frame, which is conducive to simplifying the structure of the box without affecting the structural strength of the box, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery device.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the extension direction of the exhaust channel, the length L of the shortest path of the exhaust channel satisfies: 0.2m≤L≤20m.

[0031] In the above scheme, setting 0.2m≤L≤20m is beneficial to improve the condensation effect of emissions in the exhaust channel, and also to facilitate the timely discharge of emissions into the battery device, thereby reducing the risk of box sealing failure.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present application, the thermal conductivity K of the wall of the exhaust passage satisfies: .

[0033] In the above scheme, the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust passage is set , which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust and the outside world, increasing the rate at which the exhaust temperature decreases, and further beneficial to improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present application, a thickness e of the wall of the exhaust passage satisfies: 0.2 mm ≤ e ≤ 4 mm.

[0035] In the above scheme, by setting 0.2mm≤e≤4mm, in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, it is beneficial to increase the rate of temperature reduction of the emissions, thereby improving the effect of emission condensation, and it is also beneficial to improve the structural stability of the exhaust channel and reduce the risk of box sealing failure.

[0036] In a second aspect, the electrical device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the battery device provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0037] The electric device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect as the battery device provided in the above embodiment, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a battery cell in a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure of an exhaust channel in a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in one direction;

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in another direction;

[0046] Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust channel in the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in one direction;

[0048] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in another direction;

[0049] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another structure of an exhaust channel in a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in one direction;

[0051] Fig.12 for Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in another direction;

[0052] Fig.13 A side view of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along BB;

[0054] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0055] Fig.16 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along CC;

[0056] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle;

[0057] Fig.18 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along DD;

[0058] Fig.19 A top view of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along MM;

[0060] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 A partial enlarged view of the O in the middle;

[0061] Fig. 22 for Fig. 20 A local enlarged view of point N in the middle.

[0062] In the drawings, the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0063] Description of reference numerals:

[0064] 1-Vehicle; 1a-Motor; 1b-Controller;

[0065] 10-battery device; 11-box; 11a-accommodation chamber; 11b-exhaust channel; 111-first sub-box; 112-second sub-box; 113-inner wall; 1131-first wall; 1132-second wall; 1133-rough part; 114-frame;

[0066] 20-battery monomer assembly;

[0067] 30 - battery cell; 31 - shell; 311 - housing; 312 - end cover; 32 - electrode assembly; 321 - electrode body; 322 - pole ear; 33 - electrode terminal; 34 - first pressure relief mechanism;

[0068] 40- second pressure relief mechanism;

[0069] 50-spoiler component; 51-spoiler;

[0070] 60-phase change element;

[0071] 70-Condensation pieces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0073] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0074] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0075] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] The term "and / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0077] The term "multiple" as used in the present application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, the term "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and the term "multiple sheets" refers to more than two sheets (including two sheets).

[0078] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly may include a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are connected in series, in parallel or in mixed connection through a busbar.

[0079] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly is generally formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells; as an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells to form an independent module. As an example, the battery module may be formed by bundling a plurality of battery cells by a cable tie.

[0080] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a case and one or more battery cell assemblies, wherein the battery cell assemblies are accommodated in the case.

[0081] As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly may be accommodated in the box by fixing the battery module in the box.

[0082] As an example, the battery cell assembly may also be housed in the case by directly fixing a plurality of battery cells to the case.

[0083] In some embodiments, the box body can be used as a part of the chassis structure of the vehicle. For example, part of the box body can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or part of the box body can become at least a part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0084] In some embodiments, the battery device may be an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, and the like.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell may be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell is discharged.

[0086] The battery cells may be, but are not limited to, lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, magnesium ion batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, lead storage batteries, etc.

[0087] A battery cell generally includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of a battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) are inserted and removed back and forth between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is set between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent the positive and negative electrodes from short-circuiting, while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0088] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, and the positive electrode sheet may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0089] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0090] As an example, the positive electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium with surface silver plating may be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0091] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for battery cells may also be used.

[0092] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0093] As an example, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, the metal foil may be aluminum with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel with a silver-plated surface, copper, aluminum, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium.

[0094] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite to each other in its thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0095] As an example, the negative electrode active material may adopt the negative electrode active material for battery cells known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, lithium titanate, etc. The silicon-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other traditional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for battery cells may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0096] In some embodiments, the diaphragm is an isolation membrane. The present application has no particular limitation on the type of isolation membrane, and any known isolation membrane with a porous structure having good chemical stability and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0097] As an example, the main material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without special restrictions. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without special restrictions. The separator can be a separate component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surface of the positive and negative electrodes.

[0098] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte, which is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and serves to transmit ions and isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0099] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a wound structure, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound into the wound structure.

[0100] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a laminate structure.

[0101] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a housing. The housing is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The housing may be a steel housing, an aluminum housing, a plastic housing (such as polypropylene), a composite metal housing (such as a copper-aluminum composite housing), or an aluminum-plastic film.

[0102] In some embodiments, the housing includes an end cap and a shell, the shell is provided with an opening, and the end cap closes the opening to form a closed space for accommodating substances such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The shell may be provided with one or more openings. One or more end caps may also be provided.

[0103] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is disposed on the housing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the electrode tab of the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal may be directly connected to the electrode tab, or may be indirectly connected to the electrode tab through a current collector. The electrode terminal may be disposed on an end cap, or may be disposed on the housing.

[0104] In some embodiments, an explosion-proof valve is provided on the housing, and the explosion-proof valve is used to release the internal pressure of the battery cell.

[0105] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell includes a square shell battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, a polygonal prismatic battery, such as a hexagonal prismatic battery, etc. There is no particular limitation in the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] In the case of thermal runaway of a battery device, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure emissions are generated inside the battery device, and the emissions need to be discharged to the outside of the battery device to reduce the pressure inside the battery device and reduce the risk of battery device explosion. However, in the case of thermal runaway of a battery device, the emissions usually contain more harmful substances, which are discharged together with the emissions of the battery device and will cause certain pollution to the environment.

[0107] In view of this, the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a box, a second pressure relief mechanism and a spoiler, wherein the battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism, the box has a receiving cavity, the battery cell is received in the receiving cavity, the box has an exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage is connected to the receiving cavity. The second pressure relief mechanism is provided in the box, and the exhaust passage is configured to guide the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism. The spoiler is provided in the exhaust passage.

[0108] The battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a spoiler component in the exhaust channel, so that in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, when the emissions of the battery cells flow through the exhaust channel, the emissions collide with the spoiler component when encountering the spoiler component, so that after the droplets in the emissions encounter the spoiler component, a part of them will condense, and after the emissions encounter the spoiler component, the flow direction of the emissions changes, and they repeatedly collide with the inner wall of the exhaust channel and the spoiler component in the exhaust channel, which is conducive to improving the timing and contact area of ​​the emissions contacting the inner wall of the exhaust channel and the spoiler component, and further helps to improve the condensation efficiency of the emissions. Therefore, the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to improving the condensation efficiency of the emissions and increasing the content of harmful substances remaining in the exhaust channel in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, and further helps to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment, and reduce the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0109] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to battery devices and electrical devices using the battery devices.

[0110] The battery device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. The battery device disclosed in the present application can be used to form a power supply system of the electrical device.

[0111] The embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery device as a power source, and the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc., and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.

[0112] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1 as an example of an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery device 10 is provided inside the vehicle 1, and the battery device 10 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1. The battery device 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1, for example, the battery device 10 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for the working power requirements during the startup, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1.

[0114] The vehicle 1 may further include a controller 1b and a motor 1a, wherein the controller 1b is used to control the battery device 10 to supply power to the motor 1a, for example, to meet the power requirements of starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 1.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 10 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .

[0116] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 30 in the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The battery device 10 includes a box 11 and a battery cell 30, and the battery cell 30 is accommodated in the box 11. Among them, the box 11 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 30, and the box 11 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the box 11 may include a first sub-box 111 and a second sub-box 112, the first sub-box 111 and the second sub-box 112 cover each other, and the first sub-box 111 and the second sub-box 112 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 30. The second sub-box 112 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first sub-box 111 may be a plate-like structure, and the first sub-box 111 covers the open side of the second sub-box 112, so that the first sub-box 111 and the second sub-box 112 jointly define a storage space; the first sub-box 111 and the second sub-box 112 may also be hollow structures both with one side open, and the open side of the first sub-box 111 covers the open side of the second sub-box 112.

[0117] In the battery device 10, there may be multiple battery cells 30, and the multiple battery cells 30 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 30 are both connected in series and in parallel. The multiple battery cells 30 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 30 is accommodated in the box 11; of course, the battery device 10 may also be a battery cell assembly 20 in which multiple battery cells 30 are first connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery cell assemblies 20 are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 11. The battery device 10 may also include other structures, for example, the battery device 10 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 30.

[0118] The battery cell 30 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; the battery cell 30 may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 30 in the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell 30 includes a housing 31, an electrode assembly 32 and an electrode terminal 33. The housing 31 includes a shell 311 and an end cap 312. The shell 311 has an opening, and the end cap 312 closes the opening to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 30 from the external environment.

[0120] The shell 311 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 312 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 30, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 32, the electrolyte and other components. The shell 311 and the end cap 312 can be independent components. The shell 311 can be of various shapes and sizes. Specifically, the shape of the shell 311 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 32. The material of the shell 311 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0121] The end cap 312 refers to a component that covers the opening of the shell 311 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 30 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 312 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 311 to match the shell 311. Optionally, the end cap 312 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 312 is not easily deformed when squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 30 can have a higher structural strength and reliability can also be improved. Functional components such as electrode terminals 33 can be provided on the end cap 312. The electrode terminal 33 can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 32 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 30. The material of the end cap 312 can also be a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating structure may be provided inside the end cap 312, and the insulating structure may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 311 from the end cap 312 to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating structure may be plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0122] The electrode assembly 32 is a component in the battery cell 30 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. One or more electrode assemblies 32 may be included in the housing 311. The electrode assembly 32 is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and the separator is used to separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to avoid short circuits between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active materials constitute the electrode body 321 of the electrode assembly 32, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active materials each constitute the tabs 322. The positive tab and the negative tab may be located together at one end of the electrode body 321 or at both ends of the electrode body 321, respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 30, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 322 are connected to the electrode terminals 33 to form a current loop.

[0123] In some embodiments, a first pressure relief mechanism 34 is disposed on the housing 31 , and the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is used to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 30 .

[0124] As an example, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 30 reaches a predetermined threshold, it is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 30 reaches a predetermined threshold, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 performs an action or a weak structure provided in the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released. The threshold design varies according to different design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell 30.

[0125] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 may be integrally formed with the housing 31 . For example, a notch is made on the housing 31 to form a weak structure, and the weak structure serves as the first pressure relief mechanism 34 .

[0126] The first pressure relief mechanism 34 may also be separately provided and connected to the housing 31. For example, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is welded or connected to the housing 31 through other components. As an example, a notch is provided on the first pressure relief mechanism 34 to form a weak structure.

[0127] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 may be in the form of an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.

[0128] After the first pressure relief mechanism 34 of the battery cell 30 is actuated, the discharged exhaust will enter the accommodating chamber 11a. When the air pressure in the accommodating chamber 11a reaches the pressure relief threshold of the second pressure relief mechanism 40, the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is actuated to release the pressure in the accommodating chamber 11a.

[0129] The structural type of the second pressure relief mechanism 40 may be the same as or different from the structural type of the first pressure relief mechanism 34. The second pressure relief mechanism 40 may be in the form of an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve.

[0130] The "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is in action or activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 30 can be released. The action produced by the first pressure relief mechanism 34 may include but is not limited to: the components in the first pressure relief mechanism 34 move to form an exhaust flow channel, at least a part of the first pressure relief mechanism 34 ruptures, breaks, is torn or opened, and so on. When the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is actuated, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 30 will be discharged from the actuated part as emissions. In this way, the battery cell 30 can be depressurized and cooled under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potential more serious accidents.

[0131] The emissions from the battery cells 30 mentioned in the present application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the isolation membrane, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the reaction, flames, and the like.

[0132] First, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 30, a box body 11, a second pressure relief mechanism 40 and a spoiler 50. The battery cell 30 has a first pressure relief mechanism 34. The box body 11 has a receiving chamber 11a. The battery cell 30 is received in the receiving chamber 11a. The box body 11 has an exhaust passage 11b. The exhaust passage 11b is connected to the receiving chamber 11a. The second pressure relief mechanism 40 is provided in the box body 11. The exhaust passage 11b is configured to guide the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism 34 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40. The spoiler 50 is provided in the exhaust passage 11b.

[0133] When the battery cell 30 is in thermal runaway, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is activated to release pressure, and the exhaust of the battery cell 30 is discharged into the accommodating chamber 11 a and flows from the accommodating chamber 11 a to the exhaust passage 11 b of the box body 11 .

[0134] The exhaust channel 11b is configured to guide the exhaust discharged from the battery cell 30 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40, and the exhaust channel 11b can be located on the path from the first pressure relief mechanism 34 of the battery cell 30 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40 of the box body 11. Optionally, the exhaust channel 11b can be located inside the frame 114 of the box body 11, or the exhaust channel 11b can be located in the accommodating cavity 11a. Of course, a part of the exhaust channel 11b can also be located in the accommodating cavity 11a, and the other part can be located in the frame 114 of the box body 11.

[0135] The exhaust gas acts on the second pressure relief mechanism 40 through the exhaust passage 11 b , and when the pressure in the exhaust passage 11 b reaches a pressure relief threshold of the second pressure relief mechanism 40 , the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is actuated and releases the pressure.

[0136] The spoiler 50 is disposed in the exhaust passage 11b. Optionally, the spoiler 50 can be a part of the box body 11 and be disposed on the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b, or the spoiler 50 can be connected to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b and be located on the path of the exhaust passage 11b.

[0137] Exemplarily, the spoiler 50 is a part of the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b , and the spoiler function for the exhaust is achieved by improving the shape or structure of the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b .

[0138] Optionally, a separate spoiler component 50 may be provided and connected to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b .

[0139] Therefore, the spoiler 50 may be a part of the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b , or the spoiler 50 may be provided as a separate structure connected to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b .

[0140] The structure of the spoiler 50 can be any structure that can change the direction of the airflow in the exhaust passage 11b, and the specific structure can be set according to actual needs. For example, the spoiler 50 can be cylindrical, prism-shaped, truncated cone-shaped or plate-shaped.

[0141] It can be understood that, when the spoiler component 50 is in the exhaust channel 11b, the exhaust gas in the case of thermal runaway of the battery cell 30 will inevitably collide with the spoiler component 50 when flowing through the exhaust channel 11b. In the process of the exhaust gas colliding with the spoiler component 50, the exhaust gas contacts the spoiler component 50. When the high-temperature exhaust gas encounters the spoiler component 50 with a lower temperature, a part of the vapor in the exhaust gas will condense to form droplets and remain in the exhaust channel 11b.

[0142] Furthermore, when the exhaust collides with the spoiler component 50, the flow direction of the exhaust changes, and the exhaust repeatedly collides with the spoiler component 50 and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b in the exhaust channel 11b, which is beneficial to improve the contact timing between the exhaust and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, and is beneficial to improve the efficiency of heat exchange between the exhaust and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, so as to fully exchange heat between the exhaust and the inner wall 113, and further improve the condensation efficiency of the vapor in the exhaust.

[0143] After the vapor in the exhaust is condensed, liquid droplets are formed and remain inside the exhaust passage 11b. The harmful substances therein remain inside the exhaust passage 11b together with the liquid droplets, which is helpful to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment.

[0144] The battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a spoiler 50 in the exhaust channel 11b, so that when the battery device 10 is in thermal runaway, the exhaust of the battery cell 30 encounters the spoiler 50 during the process of flowing through the exhaust channel 11b, and collides with the spoiler 50. In this way, after the droplets in the exhaust encounter the spoiler 50, a part of them will condense, and after the exhaust encounters the spoiler 50, the flow direction of the exhaust changes, and repeatedly collides with the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b and the spoiler 50 in the exhaust channel 11b, which is conducive to improving the timing and contact area of ​​the exhaust with the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b and the spoiler 50, thereby helping to improve the condensation efficiency of the exhaust. Therefore, the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, and increasing the content of harmful substances remaining in the exhaust channel 11b, thereby helping to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment, and reducing the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0145] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 12 As shown, the spoiler component 50 includes a spoiler 51 , which is connected to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b . The spoiler 51 has a first end surface, which is spaced apart from the inner wall 113 .

[0146] The spoiler 51 is connected to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b. The spoiler 51 has a first end face. The first end face is spaced apart from the inner wall 113. An exhaust gap is formed between the first end face and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, or the first end face itself forms an exhaust gap to facilitate the exhaust in the exhaust channel 11b to flow from one side of the spoiler 51 to the other side through the exhaust channel 11b.

[0147] Optionally, the spoiler 51 may be of any suitable structure, and the first end surface of the spoiler 51 may be straight, cylindrical or arc-shaped, etc. The first end surface is spaced apart from the inner wall 113, so that the exhaust can flow through the exhaust gap on the side of the first end surface.

[0148] The spoiler 51 is connected to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b, and the spoiler 51 can be an additional structural member arranged in the exhaust passage 11b, and the structural type of the spoiler 51 can be set according to the direction of the airflow in the exhaust passage 11b, so as to improve the condensation effect of the exhaust after encountering the spoiler 51.

[0149] Therefore, the spoiler component 50 includes the spoiler 51, which facilitates the arrangement of the spoiler component 50 and allows the structural type of the spoiler 51 to be flexibly arranged as required, which is beneficial to further improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0150] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 12 The spoiler component 50 includes a plurality of spoilers 51, and the plurality of spoilers 51 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the exhaust passage 11b.

[0151] The spoiler component 50 includes a plurality of spoilers 51. In the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, the emissions can collide with the plurality of spoilers 51 and condense respectively while flowing through the exhaust channel 11b. This is beneficial to increase the number of collisions between the emissions and the spoilers 51, and to increase the timing of contact between the emissions and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, which is further beneficial to improve the efficiency of emission condensation, so that more harmful substances in the emissions are deposited and retained in the exhaust channel 11b, which is further beneficial to reduce environmental pollution in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0152] In some embodiments, Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Fig.10 As shown, the spoiler 51 is in a columnar or plate shape.

[0153] The spoiler 51 is in a columnar shape, and the spoiler 51 may be in a cylindrical shape or a prism shape.

[0154] The spoiler 51 is arranged in a columnar or plate shape, which facilitates the connection between the spoiler 51 and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b and the preparation of the spoiler 51 .

[0155] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 14 As shown, one end of the spoiler 51 is connected to the inner wall 113, and the other end is a first end surface. Along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 11b, at least two adjacent spoilers 51 are connected to opposite sides of the inner wall 113 respectively.

[0156] The exhaust channel 11b may extend along a straight path, or the exhaust channel 11b may extend along a curved or bent route. The extension direction of the exhaust channel 11b may be a direction from the inlet of the exhaust channel 11b connected to the accommodating chamber 11a along the path of the exhaust channel 11b to the outlet connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 40. It may be a direction in which the exhaust channel 11b guides the flow of emissions. Therefore, the extension direction of the exhaust channel 11b at different positions may be different.

[0157] One end of the spoiler 51 is connected to the inner wall 113, and the other end is a first end face. The first end face is spaced apart from the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, and an exhaust gap is provided between the first end face and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b. When the exhaust flows through the spoiler 51, it can flow from one side of the spoiler 51 to the other side through the exhaust gap.

[0158] At least two adjacent spoilers 51 are connected to the opposite sides of the inner wall 113, and the exhaust gap between at least another spoiler 51 and the inner wall 113 is staggered along the extension direction of the exhaust channel 11b. After the exhaust collides and condenses with one of the at least two adjacent spoilers 51, it flows from one side of the first end surface to the other spoiler 51 and collides and condenses with the other spoiler 51. This is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the condensation of the exhaust colliding with the spoiler 51.

[0159] Optionally, any two adjacent spoilers 51 among a plurality of spoilers 51 may be connected to opposite sides of the inner wall 113, so that the exhaust passage 11b is formed in an "S" shape. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, the exhaust repeatedly collides with the spoilers 51 and changes the flow direction while flowing through the exhaust passage 11b, which is beneficial to maximizing the condensation efficiency of the exhaust in the exhaust passage 11b.

[0160] Therefore, at least two adjacent spoilers 51 are provided along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 11b and are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the inner wall 113, which is beneficial to increase the number and impact area of ​​the emissions hitting the spoilers 51 in the process of flowing through the exhaust passage 11b, and is beneficial to further improve the condensation efficiency of the emissions.

[0161] In some embodiments, Figures 13 to 18 As shown, the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b includes a first wall 1131 and a second wall 1132 adjacent to each other, the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 are arranged to intersect, and along the extension direction of the exhaust channel 11b, the first wall 1131 is arranged on the side of the second wall 1132 facing the second pressure relief mechanism 40, and the spoiler component 50 includes the first wall 1131.

[0162] The first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 are adjacent to and intersect each other along the extending direction of the exhaust passage 11 b , and the flow directions of the exhaust guided by the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 intersect each other.

[0163] Optionally, the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 may be in an arc shape, and the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 may intersect at 90 degrees. When the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 intersect, the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 respectively guide the flow direction of the exhaust to intersect. The first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 may be respectively arranged at the bend of the exhaust passage 11b.

[0164] Since the first wall 1131 is arranged on the side of the second wall 1132 facing the second pressure relief mechanism 40, the exhaust can first flow through the second wall 1132 and then flow to the first wall 1131 when flowing through the exhaust channel 11b. Since the second wall 1132 is adjacent to the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 intersects with the first wall 1131, the exhaust is guided by the second wall 1132 and its flow direction intersects with the first wall 1131 when flowing to the first wall 1131.

[0165] Therefore, the exhaust gas will collide with the first wall 1131 when flowing from the second wall 1132 to the first wall 1131. Setting the spoiler component 50 including the first wall 1131 is helpful to simplify the overall structure of the box body 11 and to improve the efficiency of the exhaust gas colliding with the first wall 1131 and then condensing.

[0166] In some embodiments, Fig.19 , Fig. 20 and Fig. 22 As shown, the spoiler 50 includes a rough portion 1133 . The rough portion 1133 is disposed on the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b , and the surface of the rough portion 1133 is concave-convex.

[0167] Optionally, the entire inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b may be configured as the rough portion 1133 , or a portion of the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b may be configured as the rough portion 1133 .

[0168] The surface of the rough portion 1133 is concavoconvex, and the surface of the rough portion 1133 has protrusions and pits, which is beneficial to increase the surface area of ​​the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, thereby increasing the contact area between the exhaust and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b.

[0169] Furthermore, when the emissions flow through the rough portion 1133, they will collide with the protrusions of the rough portion 1133 and change the flow direction. This is beneficial to increase the residence time of the emissions in the exhaust channel 11b, and to increase the contact area between the emissions and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b, thereby increasing the condensation efficiency of the emissions.

[0170] Furthermore, the spoiler component 50 is provided as the rough portion 1133 of the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11 b , which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the spoiler component 50 .

[0171] Therefore, providing the spoiler 50 with the rough portion 1133 is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the spoiler 50 and improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0172] In some embodiments, the surface roughness Ra of the rough portion 1133 satisfies: Ra ≥ 1 μm.

[0173] Optionally, the surface roughness Ra of the rough portion 1133 may be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, or the like.

[0174] To this end, the inventor conducted a series of experiments, in which only the surface roughness of the rough portion 1133 was changed while other parameters remained unchanged, and the volume of the liquid retained in the exhaust channel 11b was measured, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0175] Table 1 Volume of liquid retained in the exhaust channel 11b corresponding to different surface roughness of the rough portion 1133

[0176]

[0177] It can be seen from the above table that the greater the surface roughness of the rough portion 1133 is, the more liquid is retained in the exhaust passage 11 b, that is, the more conducive it is to improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0178] Setting the surface roughness Ra of the rough portion 1133 to be ≥1 μm is beneficial to increasing the protruding height of the protrusions of the rough portion 1133 , thereby increasing the area where the emissions collide with the protrusions, and further improving the condensation efficiency of the emissions.

[0179] In some embodiments, Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As shown, the battery device 10 further includes a phase change element 60 , and the phase change element 60 is disposed in the exhaust passage 11 b .

[0180] In the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, the battery cells 30 discharge high-temperature exhaust. When the exhaust flows through the phase change element 60 in the exhaust passage 11b, the state of the phase change element 60 changes to absorb the heat in the exhaust, thereby reducing the heat in the exhaust and facilitating the condensation of the gas in the exhaust into droplets.

[0181] Optionally, the phase change element 60 can be any substance that can absorb heat and produce a state change. The phase change element 60 can be solid at room temperature and convert to liquid after absorbing heat in the exhaust. Of course, the phase change element 60 can be liquid at room temperature and convert to gas after absorbing heat.

[0182] By arranging the phase change element 60 in the exhaust passage 11b, the phase change element 60 can absorb the heat in the exhaust when the exhaust flows through the phase change element 60, so that the gas in the exhaust can be condensed into liquid, which is beneficial to further improve the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0183] In some embodiments, the phase change member 60 includes at least one of paraffin wax and hydrated salt.

[0184] Paraffin wax and hydrated salt are solid at room temperature, and are easy to remain in the exhaust passage 11 b during normal operation of the battery device 10 , thereby reducing the loss of the phase change element 60 .

[0185] Moreover, paraffin wax and hydrated salt have low costs and can absorb more heat during the phase change process, which is beneficial to improving the cooling effect of the phase change element 60 on the emissions and further improving the condensation efficiency of the emissions.

[0186] Therefore, configuring the phase change element 60 to include at least one of paraffin wax and hydrated salt is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the battery device 10 and improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0187] In some embodiments, Fig.19 , Fig. 20 and Fig.21 As shown, the battery device 10 further includes a condensation member 70 , which is disposed in the exhaust passage 11 b and includes condensation nucleus particles.

[0188] The condensation nucleus particles in the condensation member 70 may be solid particles that play a core role in the condensation process of the droplets. When the small droplets in the exhaust generated during the thermal runaway of the battery device 10 encounter the condensation nucleus particles, they may condense and aggregate into water droplets.

[0189] The condensation nucleus particles may include a variety of chemical substances as long as they can play a condensation role in the exhaust passage 11 b.

[0190] The condensation element 70 is disposed in the exhaust passage 11b. Optionally, the condensation element 70 may be attached to the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b, or the condensation element 70 may be disposed in a related structure in the exhaust passage 11b. When the droplets in the exhaust meet the condensation nuclei, they will condense and agglomerate at the condensation nuclei and settle and remain in the exhaust passage 11b.

[0191] Alternatively, according to the principle of like-compatibility, the composition of the condensation nuclei of the condensation member 70 may be similar to that of the electrolyte of the battery cell 30 to improve the efficiency of the condensation member 70 in condensing the droplets in the discharge. Alternatively, the condensation nuclei of the condensation member 70 may be silver iodide or calcium carbonate.

[0192] Therefore, a condensation element 70 is provided in the exhaust channel 11b, and the condensation element 70 includes condensation nucleus particles. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, the exhaust will condense and agglomerate when encountering the condensation element 70, which is beneficial to increase the content of harmful substances remaining in the exhaust channel 11b, further reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment, and reduce environmental pollution in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0193] In some embodiments, Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the box body 11 includes a frame 114 , which surrounds a receiving cavity 11 a , and at least a portion of the exhaust passage 11 b is disposed in the frame 114 .

[0194] The frame 114 can play a certain supporting role, so that the box body 11 has a certain structural strength to support the battery cells 30 in the box body 11 .

[0195] At least part of the exhaust passage 11 b is disposed in the frame 114 . The frame 114 can be used to set the exhaust passage 11 b , which is beneficial to simplify the structure of the box 11 without affecting the structural strength of the box 11 , thereby reducing the production cost of the battery device 10 .

[0196] In some embodiments, along the extension direction of the exhaust channel 11 b , the length L of the shortest path of the exhaust channel 11 b satisfies: 0.2 m≤L≤20 m.

[0197] It can be understood that the exhaust channel 11b may have a plurality of air inlets, and correspondingly, the exhaust channel 11b may have a plurality of paths of different lengths, where L is the shortest exhaust path corresponding to the exhaust channel 11b.

[0198] Optionally, L can be 0.2m, 0.5m, 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m, 10m, 11m, 12m, 13m, 14m, 15m, 16m, 17m, 18m, 19m or 20m, etc.

[0199] It is understandable that the longer L is, the larger the contact area between the exhaust and the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b is, and the higher the condensation efficiency of the exhaust in the exhaust passage 11b is. The shorter L is, the more conducive it is to timely discharge the exhaust, reducing the risk of sealing failure of the box 11 due to excessive air pressure in the exhaust passage 11b.

[0200] The method for measuring the shortest length L of the path of the exhaust channel 11b can be to measure the total length of the pipeline from the air inlet to the outlet of the exhaust channel 11b. When the exhaust channel 11b has multiple sections, the lengths of different sections can be measured separately and then added up to obtain the total length of the exhaust channel 11b.

[0201] Alternatively, a threading method may be used, where a measuring wire is passed through the inlet of the exhaust passage 11b, along the path of the exhaust passage 11b, and out of the outlet of the exhaust passage 11b. The length of the wire from the inlet to the outlet is the length of the exhaust passage 11b.

[0202] To this end, the inventors have carried out a series of implementations, where only the shortest path L of the exhaust passage 11 b is changed while other parameters remain unchanged, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0203] Table 2 The volume of retained liquid and air tightness corresponding to the length L of the shortest path of the exhaust channel 11b

[0204]

[0205] It can be seen that after systematic analysis and long-term practice, the inventors found that setting 0.2m≤L≤20m is beneficial to improving the condensation effect of emissions in the exhaust channel 11b, while also facilitating the timely discharge of emissions into the battery device 10 and reducing the risk of sealing failure of the box body 11.

[0206] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity K of the wall of the exhaust passage 11 b satisfies: .

[0207] Optionally, the wall of the exhaust passage 11b may be made of aluminum alloy, etc. It is understandable that the greater the thermal conductivity K of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b, the more conducive it is for the exhaust to exchange heat between the inside and outside of the exhaust passage 11b, thereby facilitating the reduction of the temperature of the exhaust.

[0208] Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b is set to , which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust and the outside world, increasing the rate at which the exhaust temperature decreases, and further beneficial to improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0209] In some embodiments, the thickness e of the wall of the exhaust passage 11 b satisfies: 0.2 mm ≤ e ≤ 4 mm.

[0210] Optionally, e can be 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm or 4mm, etc.

[0211] It can be understood that the smaller the thickness e of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b, the better the thermal conductivity of the exhaust passage 11b, and the easier it is for the exhaust to condense into droplets in the exhaust passage 11b. The larger the e, the more conducive it is to increase the thickness of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b, so as to reduce the risk of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b being broken by the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust, resulting in the airtight failure of the box 11.

[0212] To this end, the inventor conducted a series of experiments, setting other parameters to be the same and only changing the strength of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b. The specific results are shown in Table 3.

[0213] Table 3 Thickness e of the wall of the exhaust passage 11b, volume of the retained liquid, and airtightness of the housing 11

[0214]

[0215] Therefore, after systematic analysis and long-term practice, the inventors found that by setting 0.2mm≤e≤4mm, in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, it is beneficial to increase the rate of temperature reduction of the exhaust, thereby improving the effect of condensation of the exhaust, and it is also beneficial to improve the structural stability of the exhaust channel 11b and reduce the risk of sealing failure of the box body 11.

[0216] In a second aspect, the electrical device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the battery cell 30 or the battery device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the battery device 10 is used to provide electrical energy.

[0217] The electric device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect as the battery cell 30 or the battery device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0218] In some embodiments, Figures 2 to 22As shown, the battery device 10 includes a battery cell 30, a housing 11, a second pressure relief mechanism 40, a spoiler 50, a phase change member 60 and a condensation member 70. The battery cell 30 has a first pressure relief mechanism 34, the housing 11 has a receiving chamber 11a, the battery cell 30 is received in the receiving chamber 11a, the housing 11 has an exhaust passage 11b, and the exhaust passage 11b is connected to the receiving chamber 11a. The second pressure relief mechanism 40 is provided in the housing 11, and the exhaust passage 11b is configured to guide the discharge discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism 34 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40. The spoiler 50, the phase change member 60 and the condensation member 70 are provided in the exhaust passage 11b. The spoiler 50 includes at least one of a spoiler 51, a rough portion 1133 and a first wall 1131, and a plurality of spoilers 51 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 11b. The spoiler 51 is columnar or plate-shaped, one end of the spoiler 51 is connected to the inner wall 113, and the other end is a first end face, and the first end face is spaced apart from the inner wall 113. Along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 11b, at least two adjacent spoilers 51 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the inner wall 113. The inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b includes a first wall 1131 and a second wall 1132 adjacent to each other, the first wall 1131 and the second wall 1132 are arranged to intersect, along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 11b, the first wall 1131 is arranged on the side of the second wall 1132 facing the second pressure relief mechanism 40, and the spoiler 50 includes the first wall 1131. The rough portion 1133 is arranged on the inner wall 113 of the exhaust passage 11b, and the surface of the rough portion 1133 is concave-convex. The surface roughness Ra of the rough portion 1133 satisfies: Ra≥1μm. The phase change element 60 includes at least one of paraffin wax and hydrated salt, and the condensation element 70 includes condensation nucleus particles. Along the extension direction of the exhaust channel 11b, the length L of the shortest path of the exhaust channel 11b satisfies: 0.2m≤L≤20m. The thermal conductivity K of the wall of the exhaust channel 11b satisfies: The thickness e of the wall portion of the exhaust passage 11 b satisfies: 0.2 mm ≤ e ≤ 4 mm.

[0219] The battery device 10 provided in the present application is provided with a spoiler 50 in the exhaust channel 11b, so that in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, when the exhaust of the battery cell 30 flows through the exhaust channel 11b, the exhaust encounters the spoiler 50 and collides with the spoiler 50. In this way, after the droplets in the exhaust encounter the spoiler 50, a part of them will condense, and after the exhaust encounters the spoiler 50, the flow direction of the exhaust changes, and the exhaust repeatedly collides with the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b and the spoiler 50 in the exhaust channel 11b, which is conducive to improving the timing and contact area of ​​the exhaust with the inner wall 113 of the exhaust channel 11b and the spoiler 50, thereby helping to improve the condensation efficiency of the exhaust. Therefore, the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, and increasing the content of harmful substances remaining in the exhaust channel 11b, thereby helping to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment, and reducing the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0220] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that: include: A battery cell having a first pressure relief mechanism; A box body having a containing cavity, wherein the battery monomer is contained in the containing cavity, and the box body having an exhaust passage, wherein the exhaust passage is communicated with the containing cavity; a second pressure relief mechanism, provided in the housing, wherein the exhaust passage is configured to guide the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism; The spoiler component is arranged in the exhaust passage.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler component includes a spoiler connected to the inner wall of the exhaust passage. The spoiler has a first end surface, and the first end surface is spaced apart from the inner wall.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spoiler component includes a plurality of spoilers, and the plurality of spoilers are arranged at intervals along an extending direction of the exhaust passage.

4. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spoiler is in a column shape or a plate shape.

5. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the spoiler is connected to the inner wall, and the other end is the first end surface; Along the extension direction of the exhaust passage, at least two adjacent spoilers are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the inner wall.

6. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the exhaust passage includes a first wall and a second wall adjacent to each other, the first wall and the second wall are arranged to intersect, and along the extension direction of the exhaust passage, the first wall is arranged on a side of the second wall facing the second pressure relief mechanism, and the spoiler component includes the first wall.

7. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler component includes a rough portion, the rough portion is arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust passage, and the surface of the rough portion is concave-convex.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface roughness Ra of the rough portion satisfies: Ra≥1 μm.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The battery device further includes a phase change element, and the phase change element is arranged in the exhaust channel.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The phase change member includes at least one of paraffin wax and hydrated salt.

11. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The battery device further includes a condensation member, which is disposed in the exhaust passage and includes condensation nucleus particles.

12. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The box body comprises a frame, the frame is arranged to surround the accommodating cavity, and at least a part of the exhaust passage is arranged in the frame.

13. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the exhaust passage, the length L of the shortest path of the exhaust passage satisfies: 0.2m≤L≤20m.

14. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity K of the wall of the exhaust passage satisfies: .

15. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The thickness e of the wall of the exhaust passage satisfies: 0.2 mm ≤ e ≤ 4 mm.

16. An electrical device, characterized in that: The battery device comprises a battery device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy.

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