Fault diagnosis system for water-turbine generator set

Abstract

The utility model provides a fault diagnosis system for a water-turbine generator set. The system comprises a power pack, a sensor, a control computer and an alarm device, the sensor, the control computer and the alarm device are electrically connected with the power pack, the control computer is electrically connected with the sensor and the alarm device, and the sensor is used for collecting real-time operation data of the water-turbine generator set; the control computer is used for performing fault diagnosis based on the real-time operation data so as to determine a fault diagnosis result of the water-turbine generator set; the alarm device is used for receiving the fault diagnosis result and sending out an alarm signal when the fault is judged to exist; the power pack is used for supplying power to the sensor, the control computer and the alarm device. According to the scheme, the accuracy and reliability of fault diagnosis can be improved, and the false report and missing report rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation, in particular to a fault diagnosis system for a hydroelectric generator set. Background Art

[0002] The hydro-turbine generator set is the core equipment of the hydro-power station. Its safe and stable operation is directly related to the power generation efficiency of the power station and the reliable power supply of the power grid. In order to ensure the safe operation of the hydro-turbine generator set, it is necessary to conduct effective fault monitoring and diagnosis on it. By testing the various performance indicators of the equipment and manually checking the operating status of the equipment, it is possible to determine whether the equipment has hidden faults.

[0003] In the related art, offline testing is often used to diagnose faults of hydro-turbine generator sets. However, the offline testing cycle is long and is easily affected by the subjective factors of technicians, resulting in a low accuracy rate of fault diagnosis.

[0004] Based on this, there is an urgent need for a fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The embodiment of the utility model provides a fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set, which can effectively improve the fault detection accuracy of the hydro-generator set.

[0006] The present utility model provides a fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set, comprising: a power supply group and a sensor electrically connected to the power supply group, a control computer, and an alarm device, wherein the control computer is electrically connected to the sensor and the alarm device, respectively, wherein:

[0007] The sensor is used to collect real-time operation data of the hydro-generator set, and the sensor includes an analog sensor, and the analog sensor includes at least two of a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a power sensor, and a magnetic flux density sensor;

[0008] The control computer is used to perform fault diagnosis based on the real-time operation data to determine the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-generator set;

[0009] The alarm device is used to receive the fault diagnosis result and send out an alarm signal when it is determined that a fault exists;

[0010] The power supply group is used to supply power to the sensor, the control computer and the alarm device.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor further comprises a switch quantity sensor, and a multi-channel analog quantity input module and a multi-channel switch quantity input module are arranged between the sensor and the control computer, wherein:

[0012] The multi-channel analog input module is used to transmit the collected data of the analog sensor to the control computer;

[0013] The multi-channel switch quantity input module is used to transmit the collected data of the switch quantity sensor to the control computer.

[0014] Preferably, the control computer is provided with a filter circuit, a feature extraction circuit and a processor which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein:

[0015] The filtering circuit is used to filter the real-time operation data to obtain filtered data;

[0016] The feature extraction circuit is used to extract features from the filtered data to obtain feature data;

[0017] The processor is used to perform fault diagnosis according to the characteristic data after obtaining the characteristic data, so as to determine the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-generator set.

[0018] Preferably, the control computer is also provided with a memory and a communicator, wherein:

[0019] The memory is used to store historical operation data and historical fault data obtained through diagnosis;

[0020] The communicator is used to wirelessly transmit the fault diagnosis result to a remote monitoring center.

[0021] Preferably, the alarm device comprises an indicator light, a buzzer and a touch display screen, wherein:

[0022] The indicator light and the buzzer are used to give an audible and visual alarm when a fault occurs, and the touch display screen is used to display the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-generator set for human-computer interactive operation.

[0023] Preferably, the power supply group includes a main power supply connected to the main power supply and a backup power supply consisting of a battery pack, and the main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in parallel to supply power.

[0024] Preferably, the power pack further comprises:

[0025] The power supply controller is provided with a dual power automatic switching circuit, which is used to give priority to the main power supply when the mains power is normal, and to float charge the backup power supply at the same time; when the mains power is off, the backup power supply is started to supply power.

[0026] Preferably, the rotation speed sensor is installed on the main shaft of the water turbine to detect the rotation speed of the water turbine rotor;

[0027] The vibration sensor is installed on the bearing seat of the turbine or generator to detect the vibration of the bearing;

[0028] The temperature sensor is installed at the stator winding, main shaft bearing or thrust bearing of the generator to detect the temperature of the corresponding part;

[0029] The current transformer is installed at the generator output terminal and is used to detect the three-phase current of the generator;

[0030] The voltage transformer is installed at the generator output terminal and is used to detect the three-phase voltage of the generator;

[0031] The magnetic flux density sensor is installed on the stator core of the generator and is used to detect the air gap magnetic flux density;

[0032] The power sensor comprises an active power sensor and a reactive power sensor installed at the output terminal of the generator, which are used to detect the active power and reactive power output by the generator respectively.

[0033] The embodiment of the utility model provides a fault diagnosis system for a hydro-turbine generator set, which uses multiple sensors to collect real-time operating parameter data of the hydro-turbine generator set, and transmits the data to a control computer, uses the control computer to complete analysis and diagnosis of the real-time operating parameter data, obtains the operating status of the hydro-turbine generator set, and controls the alarm device to give an alarm reminder when the hydro-turbine generator set is in an abnormal operating state. The above system can realize early warning and accurate diagnosis of faults of the hydro-turbine generator set, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of fault monitoring and diagnosis of the hydro-turbine generator set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a control computer provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication connection between the fault diagnosis system and the remote monitoring center provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of an alarm device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply group provided in one embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "multiple" refers to two or more; the terms "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the directional words such as "upper" and "lower" described in the embodiments of the utility model are described at the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the utility model. In addition, in the context, it should also be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element. The specific implementation of the above concept is described below.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1The embodiment of the utility model provides a fault diagnosis system for a hydro-turbine generator set, the system comprising: a power supply group and sensors electrically connected to the power supply group respectively, a control computer, and an alarm device, the control computer being electrically connected to the sensor and the alarm device respectively, wherein: the sensor is used to collect real-time operation data of the hydro-turbine generator set, the sensor comprises an analog quantity sensor, the analog quantity sensor comprises at least two of a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a power sensor, and a magnetic flux density sensor; the control computer is used to perform fault diagnosis based on the real-time operation data to determine the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-turbine generator set; the alarm device is used to receive the fault diagnosis result, and when it is determined that a fault exists, an alarm signal is issued; the power supply group is used to supply power to the sensor, the control computer, and the alarm device.

[0044] Specifically, sensors are installed in various parts of the hydro-turbine generator set to collect real-time operating data of the hydro-turbine generator set. In the embodiment of the utility model, the speed sensor is installed on the main shaft of the turbine to measure the speed of the turbine rotor; the vibration sensor is installed on the stator core of the generator to measure the vibration of the stator winding end; or the vibration sensor is installed on the bearing seat of the turbine or generator to detect the vibration of the bearing; the temperature sensor installed at the stator winding, main shaft bearing or thrust bearing of the generator is used to detect the temperature of the corresponding part; the current transformer and the voltage transformer are installed at the output terminal of the generator to measure the three-phase current and three-phase voltage; the magnetic flux density sensor is installed at the air gap on the generator core to measure the air gap magnetic flux density; the active power sensor and the reactive power sensor installed at the output terminal of the generator are used to detect the active power and reactive power output by the generator, respectively.

[0045] In an embodiment of the utility model, a multi-channel analog input module and a multi-channel switch input module are arranged between the sensor and the control computer, wherein: the multi-channel analog input module is used to transmit the collected data of the analog sensor to the control computer; the multi-channel switch input module is used to transmit the collected data of the switch sensor to the control computer.

[0046] Specifically, multi-channel analog input modules are physical hardware circuit channels. Their main function is to receive analog signals from various analog sensors, such as speed sensors, vibration sensors, temperature sensors, etc., and usually output analog signals, such as voltage or current, which are proportional to the physical quantities they monitor (temperature, vibration, etc.). The existence of multi-channel analog input modules enables the control computer to receive signals from multiple sensors at the same time, which are connected to the corresponding input channels of the data acquisition module through cables. At the same time, the multi-channel analog input module has certain signal processing capabilities, such as amplification, filtering, etc., to meet subsequent data processing requirements. Inside the control computer, these analog signals will be converted into digital signals (through analog-to-digital converters, i.e., ADCs) so that the control computer can perform further processing and analysis.

[0047] The multi-channel switch input module connects various switch sensors, such as float level switch, pressure switch, threshold switch, etc., to collect the switch status signal output by the sensor. Each switch channel can be configured with a photoelectric isolation circuit to isolate the high-voltage signal on site to a safe voltage, and then send it to the digital I / O port. The isolated switch signal is directly used for subsequent analysis and storage of the control computer.

[0048] It is understandable that since the analog signal strength output by the sensor may be very low, especially when the signal must be transmitted to the control computer over a long distance, it is particularly important to amplify the signal, because amplification can help increase the strength of the signal, making it more suitable for subsequent processing; in addition, filtering is used to remove noise or unnecessary frequency components in the signal to prevent noise and interference from affecting the performance of the system and the accuracy of fault diagnosis; at the same time, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal using the module's own analog-to-digital converter to facilitate processing by the control computer.

[0049] In the embodiment of the utility model, after the control computer receives the data from the multi-channel analog input module and the multi-channel switch input module after amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion processing, it needs to perform filtering processing and feature extraction processing on it.

[0050] Specifically, the filtering process can include data synchronization, outlier removal, data normalization, etc., to remove noise and interference in the data, improve data quality, and obtain filtered data; feature extraction is the use of signal processing methods to extract data features from the time domain, frequency domain, etc., such as mean, root mean square value, peak-to-peak value, spectrum, etc., for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0051] In the embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2As shown, the control computer is provided with a filtering circuit and a feature extraction circuit, wherein the filtering circuit is used to filter the real-time operation data to obtain filtered data; and the feature extraction circuit is used to extract features from the filtered data to obtain feature data.

[0052] Specifically, the filter circuit and the feature extraction circuit are connected in sequence, and the input end of the filter circuit is connected to the multi-channel analog input module and the multi-channel switch input module in sequence to receive the operation data transmitted by them. The filter circuit can use various types of analog or digital filters such as low-pass filters, band-pass filters, and notch filters to remove high-frequency noise and power frequency interference in the original data and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the data. For example, for the data collected by the vibration sensor, a low-pass filter can be used to filter out noise components higher than 1kHz; for current and voltage signals, a notch filter can be used to filter out power frequency and its harmonic interference.

[0053] The filtered data is output by the filtering circuit to the feature extraction circuit. The feature extraction circuit performs time domain and frequency domain analysis on the filtered data to extract feature quantities that reflect the operating status of the equipment. In the time domain, the mean, effective value, peak value, peak-to-peak value and other statistical quantities of the data can be calculated; in the frequency domain, the spectrum of the data can be obtained by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) transformation, and the amplitude and phase of its frequency components can be calculated. Different fault types will show different characteristic patterns in the time domain or frequency domain. By extracting these features to obtain characteristic data, a basis can be provided for subsequent fault diagnosis. For example, by analyzing the frequency spectrum characteristics of the vibration signal, it can be determined whether the bearing has an outer ring, inner ring or rolling element fault; by analyzing the negative sequence component of the current signal, it can be determined whether the stator winding has a turn-to-turn short circuit fault.

[0054] Furthermore, after the control computer obtains the characteristic data, it needs to perform fault diagnosis to determine whether there is a fault in the hydro-turbine generator set, as well as the type and severity of the fault. Since the control computer has a built-in rule-based expert system fault diagnosis knowledge base, the knowledge base stores the characteristic manifestations of various fault modes and the corresponding diagnostic rules. These rules are summarized and refined by experts based on theoretical analysis and field experience. When the characteristic data meets one or several rules, the corresponding fault can be diagnosed. For example, when the temperature of a phase winding of the generator exceeds the threshold, and the vibration and current also exceed the standard, it can be diagnosed as a stator winding turn-to-turn short circuit fault.

[0055] Specifically, each rule consists of two parts: fault characteristics and fault conclusions. The characteristic part describes the performance of the fault in each monitoring quantity, and the conclusion part gives the corresponding fault cause and location. The control computer first extracts the characteristic value of the characteristic data currently monitored, and then matches the characteristic value with the fault characteristics in the knowledge base. If the characteristic part of a rule matches the current characteristic, the fault conclusion corresponding to the rule is output. For example, there is a rule in the knowledge base: IF the generator stator winding temperature>1℃AND the generator stator winding vibration>0.15mm THEN the stator winding inter-turn short circuit, the current monitoring data shows that the stator winding temperature is 150℃ and the vibration is 0.2mm. After matching this rule, it can be diagnosed as a stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault.

[0056] It is worth noting that the control computer's built-in knowledge base can store diagnostic rules for other common faults in addition to the diagnostic rules for stator winding interturn short circuit, such as:

[0057] 1. Turbine blade crack diagnosis rules:

[0058] IF turbine vibration amplitude > 0.3mm AND vibration frequency = 1X rotation frequency AND vibration amplitude increases with time THEN turbine blade cracks.

[0059] This rule indicates that if the vibration amplitude of the turbine exceeds 0.3 mm, the main vibration frequency is 1 times the rotational frequency, and the vibration amplitude tends to increase over time, it can be diagnosed as a vibration abnormality caused by cracking of the turbine blades.

[0060] 2. Generator air cooler blockage diagnosis rules:

[0061] IF the generator stator winding temperature > 95℃ AND the generator cooling air temperature > 40℃ AND the generator cooling air pressure < 1kPa THEN the generator air cooler is blocked.

[0062] This rule indicates that if the generator stator winding temperature exceeds 95°C, and the cold air temperature exceeds 40°C, and the cold air pressure is less than 1kPa, it can be diagnosed as an increase in winding temperature caused by blockage of the generator air cooler.

[0063] 3. Thrust bearing wear diagnosis rules:

[0064] IF thrust bearing temperature > 70℃ AND thrust bearing vibration > 0.2mm AND thrust bearing temperature rise rate > 1℃ / min THEN thrust bearing is worn.

[0065] This rule indicates that if the thrust bearing temperature exceeds 70°C, the vibration amplitude exceeds 0.2mm, and the temperature rise rate is greater than 1°C / min, it can be diagnosed as temperature and vibration abnormalities caused by thrust bearing wear.

[0066] 4. Excitation system rectifier bridge fault diagnosis rules:

[0067] IF excitation current <0.8In AND excitation voltage >1.2Un AND stator current harmonic distortion rate >5% THEN the excitation system rectifier bridge is faulty.

[0068] This rule indicates that if the excitation current is lower than 80% of the rated value, and the excitation voltage is higher than 120% of the rated value, and the stator current harmonic distortion rate exceeds 5%, it can be diagnosed as excitation abnormality caused by a rectifier bridge fault in the excitation system.

[0069] 5. Speed ​​control system actuator jamming diagnosis rules:

[0070] IF unit load fluctuation >5% AND guide vane opening fluctuation >1% AND guide vane opening lags behind load change THEN the speed control system actuator is stuck.

[0071] This rule indicates that if the unit load fluctuation exceeds 5%, and the guide vane opening fluctuation exceeds 1%, and the guide vane opening change lags behind the load change, it can be diagnosed as a load regulation abnormality caused by a stuck actuator in the speed control system.

[0072] The above rules are only examples of some typical rules in the knowledge base. The actual knowledge base can store dozens or even hundreds of diagnostic rules covering various common faults. These rules extract the correspondence between fault characteristics and fault causes through the analysis of fault mechanisms and the summary of a large number of field cases, forming a set of effective "IF-THEN" type diagnostic strategies. In practical applications, the rules in the knowledge base can be continuously updated and improved, incorporating more detection quantities and fault types, and evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the rules through field verification, forming a comprehensive and mature fault diagnosis knowledge base, providing decision support for control computers, while reducing reliance on manual analysis. In addition, the knowledge base can also be continuously updated and expanded, adding newly discovered fault patterns to improve the comprehensiveness of diagnosis.

[0073] In the embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2 As shown, the control computer is also provided with a memory and a communicator, wherein: the memory is used to obtain historical operation data and historical fault data obtained by diagnosis; and the communicator is used to wirelessly transmit the fault diagnosis results to a remote monitoring center.

[0074] Specifically, the memory is used to store various data generated during the operation of the system. On the one hand, the memory is connected to the multi-channel analog input module and the multi-channel switch input module to periodically store the original operating parameter data collected by the two to form a historical operation database; on the other hand, it is used to store the fault data diagnosed by the control computer, including the fault type, fault occurrence time, fault severity, etc., to form a historical fault database.

[0075] The historical operation database records the changing trends of various parameters during the long-term operation of the hydro-generator set. By mining and analyzing historical data, we can understand the deterioration law of the equipment, predict its remaining life, and formulate a maintenance plan. The historical fault database records various types of faults that have occurred in the equipment in the past. By summarizing and learning from fault cases, we can continuously improve the fault diagnosis knowledge base and diagnostic methods, and improve the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis.

[0076] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the communicator is used to upload the monitoring data and diagnostic results generated by the system to the remote monitoring center to achieve centralized data management and remote diagnosis. The communicator can periodically send the fault report generated by the control computer to the remote monitoring center. The communicator can use a variety of wireless communication technologies, such as 4G, 5G, NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things), etc.

[0077] The remote monitoring center is usually set up in the power dispatching center or equipment manufacturer, equipped with professional diagnostic experts and big data analysis platforms. After receiving the fault diagnosis data from the site, the remote monitoring center can use big data analysis technology to conduct horizontal comparison and comprehensive analysis of the monitoring data of multiple devices, explore common laws, and form an optimized operation and maintenance strategy; on the other hand, it can use expert experience to diagnose difficult faults, give maintenance suggestions, and guide on-site disposal. Through the combination of local intelligent diagnosis and remote expert diagnosis, the overall level of fault diagnosis of hydropower generator sets can be effectively improved, unplanned downtime can be reduced, and equipment utilization can be improved.

[0078] In one embodiment, the hardware equipment of the remote monitoring center includes the following components:

[0079] Servers are used to store and process uploaded monitoring data and fault diagnosis results. Servers can be configured with high-performance processors, large-capacity memory, and high-speed storage devices to ensure fast data processing and efficient storage management.

[0080] The database server is used to manage and store a large amount of monitoring data and fault diagnosis records. The database server has high availability, high reliability and high security to ensure the integrity and security of the data.

[0081] Network equipment, including routers and switches, which are used to manage network traffic inside and outside the remote monitoring center to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission, and firewalls, which are used to provide network security protection to prevent unauthorized access and network attacks.

[0082] The data storage system is used to store large amounts of monitoring data and back up important fault diagnosis records.

[0083] Workstations and monitoring terminals are used by staff who monitor and manage the system. Workstations are equipped with high-resolution displays, fast processors, and sufficient memory to support real-time data monitoring and analysis.

[0084] The communication equipment includes a wireless communication module that supports wireless communication technologies such as 4G, 5G, and NB-IoT, and is used to receive data from various monitoring points; and a wired communication interface that is used to connect various wired transmission devices to ensure stable data transmission.

[0085] UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is used to provide power protection for the remote monitoring center, ensuring that the system can continue to operate normally for a period of time when the power is interrupted, preventing data loss and system crash.

[0086] Environmental monitoring equipment, including temperature and humidity sensors, smoke alarms, etc., is used to monitor the environmental conditions of the remote monitoring center to ensure that the equipment operates in a suitable environment.

[0087] In the embodiment of the utility model, Figure 4 As shown, the alarm device includes an indicator light, a buzzer and a touch display screen, wherein: the indicator light and the buzzer are used to give an audible and visual alarm when a fault occurs, and the touch display screen is used to display fault information for human-computer interactive operation.

[0088] Specifically, the alarm device includes an indicator light, a buzzer and a touch display screen. The indicator light and the buzzer are connected to the control computer to issue an audible and visual alarm when a fault occurs. The indicator light can use a three-color LED light to indicate the normal, warning and fault status of the equipment, for example, a green light indicates normal, a yellow light indicates a warning, and a red light indicates a fault. The buzzer can emit beeps of different frequencies and durations to indicate the severity of the fault, for example, intermittent short beeps indicate a general fault, and continuous long beeps indicate a serious fault.

[0089] Furthermore, the touch display screen is connected to the control computer to display the operating status and fault information of the equipment and provide a human-computer interaction interface. The touch display screen can adopt an industrial-grade capacitive touch screen with good dustproof, waterproof and vibration-proof performance. The display content includes the real-time operating parameters of the equipment, such as speed, power, temperature, etc., and the fault alarm information output by the control computer, such as fault type, fault location, fault time, etc. When a fault occurs, the fault information will be prominently displayed in the form of a pop-up window or red font to attract the attention of the on-duty personnel.

[0090] The human-computer interaction interface provides a variety of operating functions, such as querying historical data, adjusting alarm thresholds, confirming fault handling, etc. The on-duty personnel can browse historical operation data and fault records through the touch screen to understand the operation trend and fault pattern of the equipment. When a fault occurs, the on-duty personnel can view detailed fault information through the touch screen and enter the fault handling results, such as the cause of the fault, handling measures, handling time, etc., to form a complete fault handling process record. Through human-computer interaction, the flexibility and availability of the system can be enhanced, and the timeliness and standardization of fault handling can be improved.

[0091] In the embodiment of the utility model, Figure 5 As shown, the power supply group includes a main power supply connected to the main power supply and a backup power supply composed of a battery pack, and the main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in parallel to supply power.

[0092] Furthermore, the power supply group also includes: a power supply controller, which is provided with a dual power supply automatic switching circuit for giving priority to the main power supply when the city power is normal, and floating charging the backup power supply at the same time; when the city power is off, starting the backup power supply for power supply.

[0093] Specifically, the main power supply uses an AC-DC (Alternating Current to Direct Current) switching power supply to convert the 0V AC power of the mains into 24V DC power to power the various devices of the fault diagnosis system. The backup power supply uses a sealed lead-acid battery pack, which is charged by the main power supply when the mains power is normal, and supplies power to the system when the mains power is off to maintain normal operation of the system.

[0094] The main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in parallel to supply power to the system and are controlled by the power controller. The power controller uses a dual power automatic switching circuit. When the mains power is normal, the main power supply is used first, and the backup power supply is float charged at the same time; when the mains power is cut off, it automatically switches to the backup power supply, and the battery pack discharges to maintain the system operation until the mains power is restored or the battery power is exhausted. The capacity of the backup power supply can be configured according to the system power consumption and power outage time requirements. For example, if the system is required to maintain operation for 8 hours in the event of a mains power outage, a battery pack with a capacity of more than 8Ah is required.

[0095] The redundant design of the main and backup power supplies can greatly improve the power supply reliability of the system and reduce the impact of power fluctuations and power outages on monitoring work. In practical applications, emergency diesel generators and other equipment can be added to the main and backup power supplies to further extend the power outage working time of the system. The power controller can also monitor the status of the main and backup power supplies, such as voltage and current, and issue an alarm in time when an abnormality is found to remind maintenance personnel to inspect and repair, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power supply system.

[0096] It is worth mentioning that the hydro-generator set equipped with the above-mentioned fault diagnosis system includes the following parts: a turbine, which is used to convert water energy into mechanical energy and drive the generator rotor to rotate; a generator, which is coaxially connected to the turbine and is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy; a main shaft system, which supports the turbine rotor and the generator rotor and is used to transmit torque; an excitation system, which is installed at the non-driving end of the generator and is used to generate rotor excitation current; and a speed control system, which is used to control the opening of the water guide mechanism and adjust the turbine speed.

[0097] In summary, the above-mentioned devices are interconnected through industrial Ethernet to realize the transmission of data and control instructions. The system is powered by an uninterruptible power supply to ensure continuous operation in the event of a power outage in the power grid. The online monitoring and diagnosis system provided in this embodiment can monitor the hydro-turbine generator set 24 hours a day. Once a fault occurs, it can be discovered and located in time to avoid the equipment from running with a fault, thereby improving power generation efficiency and power grid reliability. Compared with traditional offline monitoring and manual inspection methods, this system can greatly improve the real-time and accuracy of fault detection, reduce false alarms and missed alarms, and provide a reliable basis for equipment maintenance and overhaul.

[0098] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set, characterized in that: It comprises a power supply group and a sensor, a control computer and an alarm device which are electrically connected to the power supply group respectively, wherein the control computer is electrically connected to the sensor and the alarm device respectively, wherein: The sensor is used to collect real-time operation data of the hydro-generator set, and the sensor includes an analog sensor, and the analog sensor includes at least two of a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a power sensor, and a magnetic flux density sensor; The control computer is used to perform fault diagnosis based on the real-time operation data to determine the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-generator set; The alarm device is used to receive the fault diagnosis result and send out an alarm signal when it is determined that a fault exists; The power supply group is used to supply power to the sensor, the control computer and the alarm device.

2. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor also includes a switch quantity sensor, and a multi-channel analog quantity input module and a multi-channel switch quantity input module are arranged between the sensor and the control computer, wherein: The multi-channel analog input module is used to transmit the collected data of the analog sensor to the control computer; The multi-channel switch quantity input module is used to transmit the collected data of the switch quantity sensor to the control computer.

3. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control computer is provided with a filter circuit, a feature extraction circuit and a processor which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein: The filtering circuit is used to filter the real-time operation data to obtain filtered data; The feature extraction circuit is used to extract features from the filtered data to obtain feature data; The processor is used to perform fault diagnosis according to the characteristic data after obtaining the characteristic data, so as to determine the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-generator set.

4. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control computer is also provided with a memory and a communicator, wherein: The memory is used to store historical operation data and historical fault data obtained through diagnosis; The communicator is used to wirelessly transmit the fault diagnosis result to a remote monitoring center.

5. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm device includes an indicator light, a buzzer and a touch display screen, wherein: The indicator light and the buzzer are used to give an audible and visual alarm when a fault occurs, and the touch display screen is used to display the fault diagnosis result of the hydro-generator set for human-computer interactive operation.

6. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply group includes a main power supply connected to the main power supply and a backup power supply consisting of a battery pack. The main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in parallel to supply power.

7. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power pack also includes: The power supply controller is provided with a dual power automatic switching circuit, which is used to give priority to the main power supply when the mains power is normal, and to float charge the backup power supply at the same time; when the mains power is off, the backup power supply is started to supply power.

8. A fault diagnosis system for a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The speed sensor is installed on the main shaft of the water turbine and is used to detect the speed of the water turbine rotor; The vibration sensor is installed on the bearing seat of the turbine or generator to detect the vibration of the bearing; The temperature sensor is installed at the stator winding, main shaft bearing or thrust bearing of the generator to detect the temperature of the corresponding part; The current transformer is installed at the generator output terminal and is used to detect the three-phase current of the generator; The voltage transformer is installed at the generator output terminal and is used to detect the three-phase voltage of the generator; The magnetic flux density sensor is installed on the stator core of the generator and is used to detect the air gap magnetic flux density; The power sensor comprises an active power sensor and a reactive power sensor installed at the output terminal of the generator, which are used to detect the active power and reactive power output by the generator respectively.

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