Optical element and optical lens

Abstract

The utility model provides an optical element and an optical lens. The optical element comprises an outer ring surface far away from an optical axis; the inner ring surface is close to the optical axis, the inner ring surface is an inclined surface provided with at least two step parts, a connecting part is arranged between every two adjacent step parts, and a plurality of extinction structures which are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction are arranged on any connecting part; the object side surface and the image side surface are connected with the outer ring surface and the inner ring surface; any two extinction structures located on the different connecting parts are arranged in a staggered mode in the circumferential direction. And all the extinction structures cover the inner ring surface of the optical element by 360 degrees in the circumferential direction. According to the utility model, stray light related to the pressing ring can be improved and weakened, and the structure strength is enough.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of optical elements, in particular to an optical element and an optical lens. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, smartphones have been continuously iterated and developed. Mobile phone camera technology is an important part of mobile phone technology, and its imaging performance has also been continuously improved. At present, the main camera lenses of mainstream mobile phones will use multi-lens large-surface lenses with higher imaging performance. In order to ensure its better reliability and stray light quality, it is necessary to add a ring-shaped optical element behind the last lens to fix it. On the one hand, it can improve stability and performance quality, and on the other hand, it can improve bad stray light and make the image quality better. Usually, the lens pressure ring is glued and fixed to the lens barrel to achieve the effect of fastening the lens in the Z direction and improve the stability of the lens after assembly.

[0003] After using the lens ring, stray light associated with the ring is generated synchronously, affecting the imaging quality of the lens. The stray light mainly includes the stray light reflected by the module color filter and the inner diameter surface of the lens ring; the stray light reflected by the inner diameter surface of the lens ring and the lens; and the primary reflected stray light directly reflected by the inner diameter surface of the lens ring.

[0004] In the prior art, a Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN216118328U discloses an optical element, including an inner annular surface and an outer annular surface, wherein the inner annular surface has at least one groove structure, which extends along the circumference of the inner annular surface and is connected end to end to form an annular groove structure; and a tooth groove structure, which is arranged on the surface of the annular groove structure.

[0005] However, due to the large number of tooth-groove structures, the optical element of the above technical solution has poor structural strength. Therefore, it is necessary to design an optical element that can improve the reduction of stray light related to the pressure ring and has sufficient structural strength. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide an optical element and an optical lens, which can improve and reduce the stray light related to the pressure ring and have sufficient structural strength.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides an optical element, which is ring-shaped and includes:

[0008] The outer annular surface away from the optical axis;

[0009] An inner annular surface close to the optical axis, the inner annular surface being an inclined surface provided with at least two step portions, a connecting portion being provided between two adjacent step portions, and any of the connecting portions being provided with a plurality of extinction structures spaced circumferentially;

[0010] Connect the object side and the image side of the outer ring surface and the inner ring surface;

[0011] Any two of the extinction structures located on different connection parts are circumferentially misaligned;

[0012] All the extinction structures cover the inner ring surface of the optical element circumferentially by 360°;

[0013] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the extinction structures on the same connection part are arranged at irregular intervals or at uniform intervals;

[0014] Any one of the extinction structures is composed of a plurality of tooth grooves, and the cross-sectional shapes of the tooth grooves of the extinction structures on the same connection part include one or more types;

[0015] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the cross-sectional shapes of the tooth grooves of the extinction structure include one or more of irregular triangular tooth grooves, irregular trapezoidal tooth grooves, irregular arc tooth grooves, and irregular rectangular tooth grooves;

[0016] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the cross-sectional shape of the tooth groove of the extinction structure is triangular or trapezoidal, and the included angle a between the hypotenuses of two adjacent tooth grooves satisfies the following relationship: 50° < a < 70°;

[0017] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the light reflectivity of the optical element is 5% - 10%;

[0018] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the shortest distance D1 from the object side to the optical axis and the shortest distance D2 from the image side to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: D1 < D2 and 0 < (D2 - D1) / D1 < 0.3;

[0019] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, from the object side to the image side, the axial thickness bi of the i-th connection part and the radial dimension si of the i-th connection part and the (i + 1)-th connection part satisfy the following relationship: 0.5 < bi / si < 5;

[0020] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the maximum width d, the minimum width e of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and the sum of the axial thicknesses of the connection parts ∑b satisfy the following relationship: 1 < ∑b / (d - e) < 3;

[0021] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the maximum width d of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the vertical position length c of the optical element satisfy the following relationship: 0.2 < c / d < 4;

[0022] According to a technical solution of the utility model, the maximum width d and the minimum width e of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the radial width f of the stepped inner annular surface satisfy the following relationship: 0.7<(e+f) / d<0.9.

[0023] According to a technical solution of the present utility model, the maximum width d and the minimum width e of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the shortest distance D1 from the object side to the optical axis and the shortest distance D2 from the image side to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: 0.01<(d+e) / (D1+D2)<0.1.

[0024] According to one aspect of the utility model, an optical lens is provided, comprising:

[0025] Lens tube;

[0026] A plurality of lenses are arranged in intervals in the lens barrel;

[0027] One or more optical elements as described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0028] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the effective radius DT of the image side surface of the lens closest to the object side surface of the optical element and the shortest distance D1 from the optical element to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: DT / D1<1.

[0029] According to a technical solution of the utility model, the maximum light emission angle ω of the image side of the lens closest to the object side of the optical element and the angle θ between the inner annular surface where the optical element is located and the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: 0.8<ω / θ<3.

[0030] According to a concept of the utility model, an optical element and an optical lens are proposed, which break up the original reflection path of the light path by providing an extinction structure on the connecting part of the optical element, weaken the reflected energy of the light, and effectively optimize and reduce the spot intensity of the stray light on the inner ring surface of the optical element, thereby eliminating the stray light of the optical lens and the filter, so as to achieve a clear optimization effect and improve the imaging quality of the optical lens; multiple extinction structures are arranged at intervals, while improving the stray light, avoiding damage to the structure of the optical element itself, so that the thickness of the optical element is relatively thicker, ensuring the structural strength, greatly reducing the risk of deformation of the optical element, facilitating product molding and assembly, and having a better extinction effect; further, by circumferentially staggering any two of the extinction structures located on different connecting parts, the extinction structure can achieve 360° full coverage of the inner ring surface of the optical element in the circumferential direction, ensuring that the incident angle of any light is covered with the tooth groove structure for eliminating stray light, and further improving the imaging effect.

[0031] The optical element (spacer or pressure ring) is made of plastic, and the light reflectivity of the optical element is 5%-10%, which helps to control the complete state of light transmission to the lens, and ensure the uniformity of light diverging from the lens to the image surface, thereby improving the overall quality of the image. At the same time, the light transmittance of the optical element is 0, which can block the stray light generated by the lens, and can also fix the entire lens after assembly, thereby improving the overall reliability of the lens.

[0032] The matting structures on the same connection part are arranged at irregular intervals or at uniform intervals. Irregular intervals refer to that the distances between any two adjacent matting structures are not equal, which can reduce the number of teeth and grooves, effectively reduce the difficulty of processing and releasing the pressing ring forming mold, and ensure the molding of the pressing ring microstructure. However, if too many teeth and grooves are arranged, the whole circle of regular tooth and groove microstructures will reduce the overall structural strength of the optical element, causing the risk of deformation during assembly, resulting in the risk of glue seepage and crooked installation of optical elements. At the same time, it is more conducive to breaking up the original reflection path of the optical path, weakening the light reflection energy, and achieving a clear and optimized effect; while the method of uniform intervals is more conducive to production and improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view schematically showing an optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A side view schematically showing an optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic representation Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens equipped with an optical element according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional identification diagram of an optical lens equipped with an optical element according to an embodiment of the utility model is schematically shown;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a front view of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic representation Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of

[0041] Figure 8 An illustrative diagram schematically showing an irregular tooth groove;

[0042] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view schematically showing an optical element having three connecting parts according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.10 A cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view schematically show an optical element having two connecting parts according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Fig.11 A cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view schematically show an optical element having four connecting parts according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0045] Fig.12 Schematic diagrams schematically showing optical elements according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0046] Fig.13 Schematic diagrams schematically showing optical elements according to Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4 of the present utility model;

[0047] Fig.14 Schematic diagrams schematically showing optical elements according to Embodiment 5 and Embodiment 6 of the present utility model;

[0048] Fig.15 A schematic diagram schematically showing an optical element according to Embodiment 7 of the present utility model;

[0049] Fig.16 A schematic diagram schematically shows a cross-sectional identification diagram of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0050] Fig.17 Schematic representation of the stray light path diagram of a conventional optical element structure;

[0051] Fig.18 Schematic representation of the stray light spot diagram of a conventional optical element structure;

[0052] Fig.19 Schematically showing the stray light path diagram using the irregular tooth groove optical element structure of the present application;

[0053] Fig. 20 The schematic diagram shows the stray light spot diagram using the irregular tooth groove optical element structure of the present application.

[0054] Reference numerals:

[0055] 1. Outer annular surface; 2. Inner annular surface; 3. Object side surface; 4. Image side surface; 5. Extinction structure; 6. Lens barrel; 7. Lens; 21. Step portion; 22. Connecting portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The description of the embodiments of this specification should be combined with the corresponding drawings, which should be considered as part of the complete specification. In the drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments may be enlarged and indicated for simplification or convenience. Furthermore, the parts of each structure in the drawings will be described separately. It is worth noting that the elements not shown in the drawings or not described in words are in a form known to ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field.

[0057] The description of the embodiments herein and any reference to directions and orientations are only for the convenience of description and are not to be construed as any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. The following description of the preferred embodiments may involve combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

[0058] When describing the embodiments of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship expressed by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the relevant drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0059] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. The implementation methods cannot be described one by one here, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not therefore limited to the following implementation methods.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 20 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an optical element, the optical element may be a pressure ring or a spacer ring, and the optical element is ring-shaped and includes:

[0061] An outer annular surface 1 away from the optical axis;

[0062] The inner annular surface 2 close to the optical axis is an inclined surface provided with at least two step portions 21, a connecting portion 22 is provided between two adjacent step portions 21, and a plurality of extinction structures 5 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction are provided on any connecting portion 22;

[0063] An object side surface 3 and an image side surface 4 connecting the outer annular surface 1 and the inner annular surface 2;

[0064] Any two matting structures 5 located on different connecting parts 22 are circumferentially staggered;

[0065] All matte structures 5 cover the inner annular surface 2 of the optical element in a 360° circumferential direction.

[0066] The utility model is suitable for optical lenses which need to eliminate stray light between an optical system and a color filter, especially for arc-shaped stray light phenomenon.

[0067] By providing an extinction structure 5 on the connecting portion 22 of the optical element, the original reflection path of the light path is broken up, the reflected energy of the light is weakened, and the spot intensity of the stray light on the inner annular surface 2 of the optical element is effectively optimized and reduced, thereby eliminating the stray light of the optical lens and the filter to achieve a clear optimization effect and improve the imaging quality of the optical lens; multiple extinction structures 5 are arranged at intervals, which can improve the stray light while avoiding damage to the structure of the optical element itself, making the thickness of the optical element relatively thicker, ensuring the structural strength, greatly reducing the risk of deformation of the optical element, facilitating product molding and assembly, and achieving a better extinction effect; further, by circumferentially staggering any two extinction structures 5 located on different connecting portions 22, the extinction structure 5 can achieve 360° full coverage of the inner annular surface 2 of the optical element in the circumferential direction, ensuring that the incident angle of any light is covered with the tooth groove structure for eliminating stray light, further improving the imaging effect.

[0068] The object-side surface 3 is a surface of the optical element close to the object, and the image-side surface 4 is a surface of the optical element away from the object.

[0069] Furthermore, the multi-step design of the inner annular surface 2 can reserve adjustable space for different angles and positions of stray light entering the annular optical element to meet all-round stray light elimination requirements. Preferably, the number of step portions 21 of the present application is preferably 2-5.

[0070] Usually, the number of the connecting portions 22 is one less than the number of the step portions 21. When numbering, the present invention skips the first step portion 21 and directly describes the numbering from the second one. The first step portion 21 is usually the step portion 21 closest to the object side surface 3.

[0071] It can be understood that the circumferential offset setting is specifically expressed as: after arranging the two annular elements to be coaxial, rotating one of the annular elements, which is expressed as the circumferential offset setting.

[0072] In the present application, any two matt structures 5 located on different connecting parts 22 are circumferentially staggered, and the matt structures 5 on two adjacent connecting parts 22 may have overlapping parts to achieve 360° circumferential coverage.

[0073] In some embodiments of the utility model, the matting structures 5 on the same connecting portion 22 are arranged at irregular intervals or at uniform intervals. The irregular interval arrangement means that the distance between any two adjacent matting structures 5 is unequal, which can reduce the number of tooth grooves, effectively reduce the difficulty of processing and releasing the pressing ring molding mold, and ensure the molding of the pressing ring microstructure. However, if too many tooth grooves are arranged and the whole circle of regular tooth groove microstructures is formed, the overall structural strength of the optical element will be reduced, causing the risk of deformation during assembly, resulting in risks such as glue seepage and crooked installation of optical elements. At the same time, it is more conducive to breaking up the original reflection path of the optical path, weakening the light reflection energy, and achieving a clear and optimized effect; while the method of evenly spaced arrangement is more conducive to production and improves production efficiency;

[0074] Any matte structure 5 is composed of a plurality of tooth grooves, and the cross-sectional shapes of the tooth grooves of the matte structure 5 on the same connecting portion 22 include one or more types.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the tooth grooves of the matting structure 5 includes one or more of irregular triangular tooth grooves, irregular trapezoidal tooth grooves, irregular arc-shaped tooth grooves, and irregular rectangular tooth grooves.

[0076] By arranging an irregular tooth groove structure design, it is possible to avoid excessive demoulding force affecting the accuracy of the supporting surface and the mating surface of the optical element, thereby enhancing the overall stability and reliability of the assembly.

[0077] It can be understood that the triangular tooth grooves, trapezoidal tooth grooves, arc-shaped tooth grooves, and rectangular tooth grooves can also be set to be regular. Similarly, the specific tooth groove shapes can also include other shapes such as rhombus and column.

[0078] Specifically, irregular means that the density of the teeth and grooves in the same matte structure 5 is irregular, such as Figure 8 As shown, the tooth groove heights Y of the matte structures 5 on the same connecting portion 22 are the same, but the tooth groove widths Xi are different.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the tooth groove of the extinction structure 5 is triangular or trapezoidal, and the angle a between the hypotenuses of two adjacent tooth grooves satisfies the following relationship: 50°<a<70°; by controlling this size, it helps to form the triangular tooth grooves and trapezoidal tooth grooves, and ensures the accuracy of the size during the processing process. If the size is too small, it is easy to cause molding deformation, and if the size is too large, it will lead to poor interruption of the stray light path, affecting its light blocking performance, resulting in poor imaging quality.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the optical element (spacer or retaining ring) is made of plastic, and the light reflectivity of the optical element is 5%-10%; this helps to control the complete state of the light transmitted to the lens 7 and ensure the uniformity of the light diverging backward from the lens 7 to the image plane, improving the overall quality of the image. At the same time, the light transmittance of the optical element is 0, which can block the stray light generated by the lens 7 and can also fix the overall lens assembly, enhancing the overall reliability of the lens.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the shortest distance D1 from the object side 3 to the optical axis and the shortest distance D2 from the image side 4 to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: D1 < D2 and 0 < (D2 - D1) / D1 < 0.3. When the above conditions are met, the optical element can have sufficient strength, avoiding the problem of deformation due to external forces during use, improving the stability and reliability of the overall lens assembly, and making the matching degree between the optical element and the lens higher.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present utility model, from the object side to the image side, the axial thickness bi of the i-th connecting portion 22 and the radial dimension si of the i-th connecting portion and the (i + 1)-th connecting portion satisfy the following relationship: 0.5 < bi / si < 5; in this application, the light extinction structures 5 on the multiple connecting portions 22 cooperate with each other. By restricting the ratio of the axial thickness of the connecting portion 22 to the radial width of two adjacent connecting portions, when the light reaches the step portion 21, it is easier to generate diffuse reflection, reducing the intensity of the directly reflected light.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the maximum width d, the minimum width e of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and the sum of the axial thicknesses ∑b of the connecting portions 22 satisfy the following relationship: 1 < ∑b / (d - e) < 3; when the above conditions are met, it can ensure that each step portion 21 of the inner ring surface 2 of the optical element can be normally processed and produced, reducing the risk of poor demolding, improving the production yield, and thus saving a large amount of cost and time.

[0084] ∑b refers to the sum of the axial thicknesses, ∑b = b1 + b2 +... bi.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the maximum width d of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the straight-up position length c of the optical element satisfy the following relationship: 0.2 < c / d < 4; by controlling the above proportional relationship, the stability of the forming process of the optical element can be ensured, the individual strength and overall assembly of the optical element can be guaranteed, providing a strong guarantee for the subsequent assembly efficiency of the lens.

[0086] Among them, the straight-up position length of the optical element is as Figure 3 、 9 、10 or 11 are marked, and it is a partial structural dimension on the outer ring surface 1 of the optical element.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the maximum width d and the minimum width e of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the radial width f of the stepped inner annular surface 2 satisfy the following relationship: 0.7<(e+f) / d<0.9; in the assembly stage of the optical lens, by controlling the above-mentioned proportional relationship, when it is necessary to identify the direction of the lens, the irregular tooth groove structure can effectively help identify the direction of the optical lens, which is beneficial to ensure the assembly consistency of the optical lens.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, the maximum width d and the minimum width e of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the shortest distance D1 from the object side surface 3 to the optical axis and the shortest distance D2 from the image side surface 4 to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: 0.01<(d+e) / (D1+D2)<0.1; when the above proportional relationship is satisfied, it can be ensured that the optical element has sufficient pressing force to ensure that all components are assembled in place after assembly, and at the same time ensure that there is sufficient push-off force after using the optical element, so that the lens has sufficient strength, ensuring that the lens is not easily deformed after being affected by external force, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the lens.

[0089] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, according to one aspect of the utility model, an optical lens is proposed, comprising:

[0090] Lens tube 6;

[0091] A plurality of lenses 7 are arranged in intervals in the lens barrel 6;

[0092] One or more optical elements of any one of the above technical solutions, multiple optical elements can be arranged closely or at intervals.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, the effective radius DT of the image side surface 4 of the lens 7 closest to the object side surface 3 of the optical element and the shortest distance D1 from the optical element to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: DT / D1<1.

[0094] By controlling the effective radius size of the lens 7 closest to the object side surface 3 of the optical element, interference between the lens 7 and the optical element is avoided, thereby reducing the assembly error and improving the stability of the assembly. At the same time, the light clearance of the lens 7 and the optical element can be guaranteed, so that the light can pass through here to the greatest extent, thereby improving the overall light intensity. At the same time, the optical element is applied to the position with the most concentrated light, so as to minimize the stray light of the entire optical lens.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, the maximum light emission angle ω of the image side of the lens 7 closest to the object side surface 3 of the optical element and the angle θ between the inner annular surface 2 where the optical element is located and the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: 0.8<ω / θ<3; when the above relationship is satisfied, it can be ensured that the step portion 21 of the optical element forms a certain angle with the outgoing light of the optical lens, which can prevent the light from directly hitting the inclined surface of the optical element, and can prevent the optical element from generating serious stray light due to a more serious primary reflection.

[0096] The optical element of the present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0097] The multi-stage irregular tooth groove pressure ring structure has an axial width of bi for each connection part. Each single circle of each connection part is not fully covered, and all are irregularly distributed tooth groove structures; the same shape and different density tooth grooves can be used, for example, all use irregular triangular tooth grooves or irregular trapezoidal tooth grooves or irregular arc tooth grooves, etc.; different shapes and different densities of tooth grooves can also be used.

[0098] Embodiment 1

[0099] like Fig.12 , 19 As shown in Figure 20, the optical element includes four steps, namely three connecting parts, the axial thicknesses (b1, b2 and b3) of the three connecting parts are consistent (namely, the step widths are the same), and the three connecting parts are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves, an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves and an extinction structure composed of irregular circular arc grooves, and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1 below.

[0100]

[0101] Table 1

[0102] Embodiment 2

[0103] like Fig.12 , 19 As shown in 20, Fig.12 In the embodiment 1, the difference is that the shape of the third connecting portion and the axial thickness of each connecting portion, the optical element includes 4 steps, namely 3 connecting portions, the axial thicknesses (b1, b2 and b3) of the 3 connecting portions are consistent (namely, the step widths are the same), and the 3 connecting portions are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves, an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves and an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves, and the specific parameters are shown in Table 2 below.

[0104]

[0105] Table 2

[0106] Embodiment 3

[0107] like Fig.13 , 19 As shown in Figure 20, the optical element includes 4 steps, i.e., 3 connecting parts, the axial thicknesses (b1, b2 and b3) of the 3 connecting parts are inconsistent (i.e., the step widths are different), and the 3 connecting parts are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves, an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves, and an extinction structure composed of irregular circular arc grooves. The specific parameters are shown in Table 3 below.

[0108]

[0109] Table 3

[0110] Embodiment 4

[0111] like Fig.13 , 19 As shown in 20, Fig.13 In the embodiment 1, the difference from the third embodiment is the shape of the third connecting portion and the axial thickness of each connecting portion. The optical element includes 4 steps, i.e., 3 connecting portions. The axial thicknesses (b1, b2 and b3) of the 3 connecting portions are inconsistent (i.e., the step widths are different). The 3 connecting portions are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves, an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves, and an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves. The specific parameters are shown in Table 4 below.

[0112]

[0113] Table 4

[0114] Embodiment 5

[0115] like Fig.14 , 19 As shown in Figure 20, the optical element includes three steps, namely, two connecting parts, the axial thicknesses of the two connecting parts are inconsistent (i.e., the step widths are different), and the two connecting parts are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves and an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves. The specific parameters are shown in Table 5 below.

[0116]

[0117] Table 5

[0118] Embodiment 6

[0119] like Fig.14 , 19 As shown in 20, Fig.14In the embodiment 1, different from the fifth embodiment, the axial thickness of each connecting portion, the optical element includes 3 steps, i.e., 2 connecting portions, the axial thickness (b1 and b2) of the 2 connecting portions are consistent (i.e., the step widths are the same), and the 2 connecting portions are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves and an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves. The specific parameters are shown in Table 6 below.

[0120]

[0121] Table 6

[0122] Embodiment 7

[0123] like Fig.15 , 19 As shown in Figure 20, the optical element includes 5 steps, i.e., 4 connecting parts, the axial thicknesses (b1, b2, b3 and b4) of the 4 connecting parts are inconsistent (i.e., the step widths are different), and the 4 connecting parts are respectively provided with an extinction structure composed of irregular triangular grooves, an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves, an extinction structure composed of irregular arc grooves, and an extinction structure composed of irregular trapezoidal grooves. The specific parameters are shown in Table 7 below.

[0124]

[0125] Table 7

[0126] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical element, the optical element is ring-shaped, characterized in that: Comprising: An outer ring surface (1) away from the optical axis; An inner ring surface (2) close to the optical axis, the inner ring surface (2) being an inclined surface provided with at least two stepped portions (21), a connecting portion (22) being provided between two adjacent stepped portions (21), and a plurality of light extinction structures (5) being circumferentially spaced on any one of the connecting portions (22); An object side surface (3) and an image side surface (4) connecting the outer ring surface (1) and the inner ring surface (2); Any two of the light extinction structures (5) located on different connecting portions (22) are circumferentially misaligned; All of the light extinction structures (5) circumferentially cover the inner ring surface (2) of the optical element by 360°; 2. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The light extinction structures (5) on the same connecting portion (22) are arranged at irregular intervals or evenly spaced; Any one of the light extinction structures (5) is composed of a plurality of tooth grooves, and the cross-sectional shapes of the tooth grooves of the light extinction structures (5) on the same connecting portion (22) include one or more; 3. The optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that The cross-sectional shapes of the tooth grooves of the light extinction structures (5) include one or more of irregular triangular tooth grooves, irregular trapezoidal tooth grooves, irregular arc tooth grooves, and irregular rectangular tooth grooves; 4. The optical element according to claim 3, characterized in that The cross-sectional shape of the tooth grooves of the light extinction structures (5) is triangular or trapezoidal, and the included angle a between the hypotenuses of two adjacent tooth grooves satisfies the following relationship: 50° < a < 70°; 5. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The light reflectivity of the optical element is 5% - 10%; 6. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The shortest distance D1 from the object side surface (3) to the optical axis and the shortest distance D2 from the image side surface (4) to the optical axis satisfy the following relationship: D1 < D2 and 0 < (D2 - D1) / D1 < 0.3; 7. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that From the object side surface to the image side surface, the axial thickness bi of the i-th connecting portion (22) and the radial dimension si of the i-th connecting portion and the (i + 1)-th connecting portion satisfy the following relationship: 0.5 < bi / si < 5; 8. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical element satisfies: 1 < ∑b / (d - e) < 3; 0.2 < c / d < 4; Wherein, d represents the maximum width of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, e represents the minimum width of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, ∑b represents the sum of the axial thicknesses of the connecting portions (22), and c represents the straight-up position length of the optical element; 9. The optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical element satisfies: 0.7 < (e + f) / d < 0.9; 0.01 < (d + e) / (D1 + D2) < 0.1; Wherein, e represents the minimum width of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, f represents the radial width of the stepped inner ring surface (2), d represents the maximum width of the optical element in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, D1 represents the shortest distance from the object side surface (3) to the optical axis, and D2 represents the shortest distance from the image side surface (4) to the optical axis; 10. An optical lens, characterized in that: Comprising: A lens barrel (6); A plurality of lenses (7) spaced apart and arranged in the lens barrel (6); One or more optical elements as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; 11. The optical lens according to claim 10, characterized in that: The optical lens satisfies one of the following conditional formulas: DT / D1 < 1; 0.8 < ω / θ < 3; Wherein, DT represents the effective radius of the image side surface of the lens (7) closest to the object side surface (3) of the optical element, D1 represents the shortest distance from the object side surface (3) of the optical element to the optical axis; ω represents the maximum light emission angle of the image side surface of the lens (7) closest to the object side surface (3) of the optical element, and θ represents the angle between the inner annular surface (2) where the optical element is located and the optical axis.

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