Online detection equipment for short-wave emission and antenna feed system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication and radio frequency testing, and particularly discloses a short wave emission and antenna feeder system on-line detection device which comprises a front end detection module, a rear end detection module, a concentrator and a monitoring platform, and the front end detection module comprises a bi-directional coupler, a power measurement module, an acquisition module and a communication transmission module. According to the technical scheme, forward and reverse power of the output end of the transmitter and the input end of the antenna are measured on line through the front-end detection module and the rear-end detection module, working states of the transmitter, a transmission feeder line and the antenna are monitored in real time, an alarm can be given in time when a fault occurs, a platform is monitored in real time to record measurement data, and transmitting power query and backtracking functions are achieved. By analyzing and comparing the data, soft faults such as performance reduction of equipment can be found, workers can be reminded of timely processing, full-band forward and reverse power of an antenna end is measured in a frequency scanning mode, a full-band standing wave curve of the antenna can be obtained, the optimal working frequency is selected according to the standing wave curve during working, and the communication quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication and radio frequency testing, in particular to online detection equipment for shortwave transmission and antenna feed systems. Background Art

[0002] In the shortwave communication system, the transmission and antenna feed system is an important link that is prone to transmission failure. Due to the high transmission power of the shortwave transmitter, various failures are prone to occur after long-term operation. The antenna feed system is located at the front end of the entire shortwave communication system. The antenna and feeder are installed in the field and are exposed to natural environmental influences such as wind, sun, rain, and temperature changes between day and night for a long time. They are prone to rust, poor contact, and other problems. In particular, shortwave antennas are easily affected by extreme weather such as lightning, rain, snow, and ice due to their large size and high installation height, causing equipment failure. Therefore, the antenna feeder system has always been a part with a high system failure rate. The antenna structure is complex, generally composed of a vibrator, a collection line, a lower lead, a load, an impedance converter, etc. It is large in size, has many links, many devices, and many contacts. After a failure occurs, it is difficult to accurately determine the fault location. Therefore, antenna failure is also a difficult point in system failure. Since the antenna feeder system equipment is not directly used by business personnel, a failure generally does not directly affect the operation of the system equipment, and it is often not discovered in time, which has an adverse impact on business work.

[0003] At present, the maintenance of shortwave transmitters and antenna feed equipment encounters various difficulties. The first is the personnel problem. At present, the number of maintenance and support personnel has been greatly reduced, especially the front-end antenna positions. Some are unmanned and lack professional maintenance personnel. The second is the lack of professional measuring instruments and means. The performance test of the RF front-end equipment cannot be carried out, and the recovery of the equipment performance indicators cannot be guaranteed. The third is that the traditional testing methods are relatively simple, the operation and use of the test instruments are relatively cumbersome, the degree of automation is not high, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is not high. There is a lack of historical data management, data statistical analysis and comparison functions, which makes it difficult to find problems in time, quickly locate the fault location, and promptly eliminate the fault and restore the work. Fourth, there is little professional training for the maintenance of RF front-end equipment. The maintenance personnel are not clear about the performance and indicators of the equipment, the test methods are not understood, and the instruments and meters cannot be used, which has a great impact on the maintenance work.

[0004] During the use of the equipment, hard faults are relatively easy to find and eliminate, such as the equipment cannot be powered on, no output signal, etc., maintenance personnel can generally find and handle them in time, but some soft faults such as decreased sensitivity, increased background noise, gain changes, etc. are generally not easy to find. When such problems occur and cannot be handled in time, the system will work with problems. When similar faults occur in multiple devices in the system, it will cause system faults to accumulate. First, the impact on business work will increase, and second, the difficulty and time of fault location and equipment repair will increase, and a lot of manpower and material resources must be invested to solve them. Therefore, we propose online detection equipment for shortwave transmission and antenna feed systems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an online detection device for a shortwave transmission and antenna feed system, and solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection equipment, including a front-end detection module, a back-end detection module, a hub and a monitoring platform, the front-end detection module is consistent with the back-end detection module in structure, the front-end detection module includes a dual directional coupler, a power measurement module, an acquisition module, and a communication transmission module, the dual directional coupler is arranged in an electromagnetic isolation cavity formed by two end panels and four side panels, the dual directional coupler includes an input radio frequency signal interface, an output direct signal interface, an output forward coupling signal interface and an output reverse coupling signal interface, the output forward coupling signal interface and the output reverse coupling signal interface are electrically connected to the power measurement module through a signal transmission line, the power measurement module, the acquisition module, and the communication transmission module are electrically connected in sequence, and the communication transmission module is communicatively connected to the monitoring platform.

[0007] As a preferred implementation of the technical solution of the present application, the dual directional coupler of the front-end detection module is connected in series to the transmitting antenna end, and the dual directional coupler of the back-end detection module is connected in series to one end of the transmitter.

[0008] As a preferred implementation of the technical solution of the present application, the power supply data cables of the dual directional coupler, the power measurement module, the acquisition module, and the communication transmission module are all electrically connected to the hub.

[0009] As a preferred implementation of the technical solution of the present application, the structures of the end panel and the side panel are consistent. The end panel includes a plastic shell and an electromagnetic wave absorption layer arranged inside the plastic shell. The electromagnetic wave absorption layer includes a silicon carbide layer and a ferrite layer that are bonded to each other.

[0010] As a preferred implementation of the technical solution of the present application, the two end panels are fixed to the top of the base, the power measurement module, the acquisition module, and the communication transmission module are fixed to the surface of the base, and the power measurement module and the acquisition module are located under the side panels.

[0011] As a preferred implementation scheme of the technical solution of the present application, the input RF signal interface and the output direct-through signal interface are respectively connected through the two end panels, and the output forward coupling signal interface and the output reverse coupling signal interface are both connected through the side panel located on the bottom side.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0013] The technical solution of the present application measures the forward and reverse power of the transmitter output and the antenna input online through the front-end and back-end detection modules, and can monitor the working status of the transmitter, transmission feeder, and antenna in real time. It can promptly alarm when a fault occurs. The real-time monitoring platform records the measurement data and has the functions of transmission power query and backtracking. By analyzing and comparing the data, soft faults such as equipment performance degradation can be discovered, and the staff can be reminded to deal with them in time. The full-band forward and reverse power of the antenna end is measured by frequency scanning, and the full-band standing wave curve of the antenna can be obtained. The optimal operating frequency can be selected according to the standing wave curve during work to improve the communication quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the front and rear end detection modules;

[0016] Figure 2 It is the main cross-sectional view of the front and rear end detection modules;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the end panel and the side panel;

[0018] Figure 4 This is the connection distribution diagram between the online detection equipment and the shortwave transmission and antenna feed system.

[0019] In the figure: 1. end panel; 101. plastic shell; 102. silicon carbide layer; 103. ferrite layer; 2. side panel; 3. dual directional coupler; 301. input RF signal interface; 302. output through-signal interface; 303. output forward coupled signal interface; 304. output reverse coupled signal interface; 4. power measurement module; 5. base; 6. acquisition module; 7. communication transmission module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-4 As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection equipment, including a front-end detection module, a back-end detection module, a hub and a monitoring platform, the front-end detection module is consistent with the back-end detection module in structure, the front-end detection module includes a dual directional coupler 3, a power measurement module 4, a collection module 6, and a communication transmission module 7, the dual directional coupler 3 is arranged in an electromagnetic isolation cavity formed by two end panels 1 and four side panels 2, the dual directional coupler 3 includes an input radio frequency signal interface 301, an output through signal interface 302, an output forward coupling signal interface 303 and an output reverse coupling signal interface 304, the output forward coupling signal interface 303 and the output reverse coupling signal interface 304 are electrically connected to the power measurement module 4 through a signal transmission line, the power measurement module 4, the collection module 6, and the communication transmission module 7 are electrically connected in sequence, and the communication transmission module 7 is communicatively connected to the monitoring platform.

[0022] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the front-end and rear-end modules are divided into various specifications such as 1KW, 2KW, 5KW and 10KW according to different powers. They can be configured as needed in actual use. Each antenna is configured with a group (front-end and rear-end modules) or one (front-end module or rear-end module). The main difference is whether the transmission cable needs real-time monitoring. The front-end module is placed under the antenna, and the rear-end module is placed in the transmitter room. The hub is a standard rack chassis and is placed in the room. The hub has an access capacity of 16 ports. If the number of antennas is greater than 16, it can be achieved by increasing the number of hubs. The monitoring platform is a computer, which is placed in the same chassis as the hub. Remote monitoring and control can be performed through the network. The transmitter and antenna ends The measurement of forward power, reverse power, standing wave coefficient and reflection coefficient is completed by the front and rear end detection modules respectively. The dual directional coupler 3 is connected in series to the transmitter or the transmitting antenna end, and can couple the forward and reverse signals of the output radio frequency signal. The forward and reverse signals are output to the power measurement module 4 for measurement to obtain the voltage corresponding to the forward and reverse power. The output voltage of the power measurement module 4 is output to the acquisition module 6 for A / D conversion to be converted into a digital signal, which is transmitted back to the hub by the communication transmission module 7 and the communication line, and sent to the monitoring platform computer through the network port. After the computer obtains these measured values, the actual forward and reverse power of the transmitter end and the antenna output end is calculated based on this and the attenuation value of the dual directional coupling. After obtaining the forward power and reverse radiation power, the standing wave and reflection coefficient are calculated.

[0023] In order to realize the electromagnetic wave signal anti-interference protection of the dual directional coupler 3 and improve its stability, the dual directional coupler 3 is placed in an electromagnetic isolation cavity formed by two end panels 1 and four side panels 2. The end panels 1 and the side panels 2 are both provided with electromagnetic wave absorption layers. The electromagnetic wave absorption layer includes a silicon carbide layer 102 and a ferrite layer 103 which are arranged in contact with each other. The wave absorption mechanism of the silicon carbide layer 102 is related to the conductivity of the material. The greater the conductivity, the greater the macroscopic current caused by the carrier, which is conducive to the conversion of electromagnetic energy into heat energy. The ferrite layer 103 has a higher magnetic loss tangent and relies on magnetic polarization mechanisms such as hysteresis loss, domain wall resonance, natural resonance, and after-effect loss to attenuate and absorb electromagnetic waves.

[0024] In the preferred technical solution, the dual directional coupler of the front-end detection module is connected in series to the transmitting antenna end, and the dual directional coupler of the back-end detection module is connected in series to one end of the transmitter. The forward and reverse power of the transmitter output end and the antenna input end are measured online, and the working status of the transmitter, transmission feeder and antenna can be monitored in real time, and an alarm can be issued in time when a fault occurs.

[0025] In the preferred technical solution, the power supply data cables of the dual directional coupler 3, the power measurement module 4, the acquisition module 6, and the communication transmission module 7 are all electrically connected to the hub. The hub contains a serial port server with multiple serial ports. On the one hand, it is connected to each front-end and back-end detection module through the serial port to complete the setting of each detection module and the reading of the collected data. On the other hand, it receives the setting instructions through the network port and sends the collected data to the monitoring platform computer.

[0026] In the preferred technical solution, the structures of the end panel 1 and the side panel 2 are consistent. The end panel 1 includes a plastic shell 101 and an electromagnetic wave absorption layer arranged inside the plastic shell 101. The electromagnetic wave absorption layer includes a silicon carbide layer 102 and a ferrite layer 103 that are bonded to each other. The silicon carbide layer 102 and the ferrite layer 103 both have good electromagnetic wave absorption performance, thereby preventing the dual directional coupler 3 from being affected by electromagnetic waves.

[0027] In the preferred technical solution, the two end panels 1 are fixed to the top of the base 5, the power measurement module 4, the acquisition module 6, and the communication transmission module 7 are fixed to the surface of the base 5, and the power measurement module 4 and the acquisition module 6 are located below the side panel 2, so that the dual-directional coupler 3 is separated from the power measurement module 4, the acquisition module 6, and the communication transmission module 7 to prevent the electromagnetic signals of the power measurement module 4, the acquisition module 6, and the communication transmission module 7 from affecting the operation of the dual-directional coupler 3.

[0028] In the preferred technical solution, the input RF signal interface 301 and the output direct-through signal interface 302 are respectively connected to the two end panels 1, and the output forward coupling signal interface 303 and the output reverse coupling signal interface 304 are both connected to the side panel 2 located on the bottom side, so as to facilitate wiring of the dual directional coupler 3 outside the electromagnetic isolation cavity formed by the two end panels 1 and the four side panels 2.

[0029] After obtaining the forward power and reverse radiation power, the standing wave and reflection coefficient are calculated. When the transmission system is initially built or repaired and is in good working condition, the transmitter performs a full-band scan, and the full-band standing wave curve of each transmitter and antenna is measured and obtained through the detection module, and stored in the database as basic data;

[0030] When the transmitter is working, the control detection module obtains the forward and reverse power of the transmitter and antenna in real time, calculates the standing wave coefficient, stores it in the database, and compares it with the basic data. During the real-time monitoring process, if the transmission power and reflected power are abnormal or the standing wave coefficient is too large, an audible and visual alarm will be issued to remind the staff to handle it;

[0031] By measuring the forward power at the transmitter and antenna ends respectively, the loss of the feeder can be calculated, and then the loss characteristic curve of the feeder can be obtained according to the feeder loss at different frequencies, so as to analyze the performance of the feeder. The computer stores and stores the collected data of each transmitter, antenna and feeder in the system. The records can be queried and uploaded at any time, and the data can be stored for more than two years.

[0032] The computer calls up data from the database and analyzes the performance changes of antennas, cables, transmitters, etc. in different periods based on the correlation of frequency domain, time domain, power, standing wave, loss and other parameters. It gives the performance analysis and judgment results and displays them in the form of graphics and text. According to the presence or absence of transmission power, a work log of the transmitter is established, which can count the working time, average power, maximum power and other information in a certain period of time.

Claims

1. Online detection equipment for shortwave transmission and antenna feed system, characterized by: The invention comprises a front-end detection module, a back-end detection module, a hub and a monitoring platform. The front-end detection module has the same structure as the back-end detection module. The front-end detection module comprises a dual directional coupler (3), a power measurement module (4), a collection module (6) and a communication transmission module (7). The dual directional coupler (3) is arranged in an electromagnetic isolation cavity formed by two end panels (1) and four side panels (2). The dual directional coupler (3) comprises an input radio frequency signal interface (301), an output through-signal interface (302), an output forward coupling signal interface (303) and an output reverse coupling signal interface (304). The output forward coupling signal interface (303) and the output reverse coupling signal interface (304) are electrically connected to the power measurement module (4) through a signal transmission line. The power measurement module (4), the collection module (6) and the communication transmission module (7) are electrically connected in sequence. The communication transmission module (7) is communicatively connected to the monitoring platform.

2. The shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dual directional coupler of the front-end detection module is connected in series to the transmitting antenna end, and the dual directional coupler of the back-end detection module is connected in series to one end of the transmitter.

3. The shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply data cables of the dual directional coupler (3), the power measurement module (4), the acquisition module (6), and the communication transmission module (7) are all electrically connected to the hub.

4. The shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end panel (1) and the side panel (2) have the same structure. The end panel (1) comprises a plastic shell (101) and an electromagnetic wave absorption layer arranged inside the plastic shell (101). The electromagnetic wave absorption layer comprises a silicon carbide layer (102) and a ferrite layer (103) which are arranged in contact with each other.

5. The shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two end panels (1) are fixed to the top of the base (5); the power measurement module (4), the acquisition module (6), and the communication transmission module (7) are fixed to the surface of the base (5); and the power measurement module (4) and the acquisition module (6) are located below the side panel (2).

6. The shortwave transmission and antenna feed system online detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The input radio frequency signal interface (301) and the output direct-through signal interface (302) are respectively connected through the two end panels (1), and the output forward coupling signal interface (303) and the output reverse coupling signal interface (304) are both connected through the side panel (2) located at the bottom.

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