Compact multi-gear linear gear shifting mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of arrangement of transmission devices, and discloses a compact type multi-gear linear gear shifting mechanism which comprises an operating rod, a base, a main bearing basic shaft, a swing arm, a guide column, a double-hook spring and a fan-shaped positioning disc. The main bearing base shaft sequentially penetrates through the lower end of the base, the fan-shaped positioning disc and the fixed end of the swing arm to be connected with one end of the double-hook spring, the main bearing base shaft is rotationally connected with the lower end of the base, the lower end of the base is fixedly connected with the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning disc, the fixed end of the swing arm is fixedly connected with the main bearing base shaft, and the guide column is fixedly connected with the free end of the swing arm. One end of the guide column is connected with the other end of the double-hook spring, and the other end of the guide column is matched with the upper end of the fan-shaped positioning disc. The size of the gear shifting mechanism can be remarkably reduced, the gear shifting mechanism is particularly suitable for narrow power cabin layout of small and medium-sized agricultural machinery, and the space compatibility problem of a multi-gear shifting device of a stepless speed change system is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of the arrangement of a transmission device, in particular to a compact multi-speed linear shifting mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In the transmission system of agricultural machinery, the design of the shift mechanism directly affects the operating efficiency and ease of operation. For agricultural machinery with continuously variable speed change, the traditional design generally adopts a separate layout: the joystick, positioning plate and swing arm reset mechanism are placed at different installation points, resulting in a long transmission link and delayed torque transmission. More importantly, this type of design requires at least three independent fixed points on the frame (joystick mounting point, positioning plate mounting point, swing arm support mounting point), which not only increases the complexity of assembly, but also causes the accumulation of shift stroke errors due to the relative displacement between components. In view of the above technical bottlenecks, it is urgent to develop a linear shift mechanism that is highly integrated, has direct torque transmission and strong anti-interference ability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the above prior art and provide a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism includes a joystick, a base, a main load-bearing base shaft, a swing arm, a guide column, a double-hook spring and a fan-shaped positioning disk, the joystick is rotatably connected to the upper end of the base through a pin shaft, the main load-bearing base shaft passes through the lower end of the base, the fan-shaped positioning disk, the fixed end of the swing arm and is connected to one end of the double-hook spring, the main load-bearing base shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the base, the lower end of the base is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning disk, the fixed end of the swing arm is fixedly connected to the main load-bearing base shaft, the guide column is fixedly connected to the free end of the swing arm, one end of the guide column is connected to the other end of the double-hook spring, and the other end of the guide column matches the upper end of the fan-shaped positioning disk.

[0005] A better choice is that the fan-shaped positioning plate includes a fan-shaped plate, a sleeve boss and a gear, the sleeve boss is arranged at the lower end of the fan-shaped plate, the sleeve boss is fixedly connected to the base, the sleeve boss is provided with a second base shaft hole, the main load-bearing base shaft passes through the second base shaft hole, the gear tooth is arranged at the upper end of the fan-shaped plate, two adjacent gear teeth form a gear groove, the gear groove is an inverted trapezoidal structure, the depth of the gear groove is greater than the diameter of the guide column, and the guide column can be embedded in the gear groove.

[0006] A more preferred option also includes an anti-slip block, which is located at the upper end of the fan-shaped plate, and the anti-slip block forms a gear groove with the outermost gear teeth, and the height of the anti-slip block is greater than the height of the gear teeth.

[0007] More preferably, the diameter of the guide column is 2 / 3 of the depth of the retaining groove.

[0008] More preferably, the number of the gear slots ranges from 7 to 9.

[0009] More preferably, the inclination angle of the side wall of the retaining groove is 12°.

[0010] More preferably, the surface of the gear groove is coated with an adhesive grease layer.

[0011] A better choice is that the swing arm includes a swing push rod and a rotating connecting rod, one end of the swing push rod is fixedly connected to the main load-bearing base shaft, the other end of the swing push rod is hinged to one end of the rotating connecting rod, and the other end of the rotating connecting rod is fixedly connected to the guide column.

[0012] A better choice is that the base includes a bottom plate and a side plate, the main load-bearing base shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the bottom plate, the lower end of the bottom plate is welded to the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning plate, the two sides of the bottom plate are respectively connected to the side plates, the side plates are provided with pin shaft holes, and the two ends of the pin shaft are installed in the pin shaft holes.

[0013] A more preferred option is that the total sector angle of the sector-shaped positioning plate is 46°.

[0014] The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0015] The utility model significantly reduces the volume of the shift mechanism through the operation lever, base, main load-bearing base shaft, swing arm, guide column, double-hook spring and fan-shaped positioning plate, and is particularly suitable for the narrow power compartment layout of small and medium-sized agricultural machinery, solving the spatial compatibility problem of the multi-gear switching device of the continuously variable transmission system; the stepped shaft weight reduction design reduces the inertial load while ensuring the strength, perfectly adapting to the dynamic speed regulation requirements of continuously variable agricultural machinery; only a single frame mounting hole is required to complete the fixation of the entire mechanism, completely avoiding the positioning cumulative error caused by traditional multiple mounting points, and greatly simplifying the modification process of small and medium-sized agricultural machinery; the gear groove adopts an inverted trapezoidal groove with an inclination angle of 12 degrees, with a deeper meshing depth and better anti-slip gear performance; the contact surface of the guide column and the gear groove is pre-coated with adhesive grease, and the grease layer maintains a low loss rate and a certain gear shifting smoothness under adverse working conditions such as mud, water, and dust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of a swing arm, a double hook spring, a main load-bearing base shaft and a guide column of a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a base of a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a sector-shaped positioning plate of a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Markings of the components in the accompanying drawings: 1- joystick; 2- base; 201- bottom plate; 202- side plate; 203- pin shaft hole; 204- transmission sub-connecting hole; 205- first base shaft hole; 3- main load-bearing base shaft; 4- pin shaft; 5- swing arm; 501- swing push rod; 502- rotating connecting rod; 6- guide column; 7- double hook spring; 8- fan-shaped positioning plate; 801- fan-shaped plate; 802- sleeve boss; 803- second base shaft hole; 804- gear; 805- gear groove; 806- anti-slip block; a- first horizontal direction; b is the second horizontal direction; c is the third vertical direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model object of the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described one by one here, but the implementation method of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism includes an operating lever 1, a pin shaft 4, a base 2, a main load-bearing base shaft 3, a swing arm 5, a guide column 6, a double-hook spring 7 and a fan-shaped positioning disk 8, wherein the swing arm 5 includes a swing push rod 501 and a rotating connecting rod 502. The middle part of the pin shaft 4 passes through the lower end of the operating lever 1, and the two ends of the pin shaft 4 are installed on the upper end of the base 2. The main load-bearing base shaft 3 passes through the lower end of the base 2, the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning disk 8, and the fixed end of the swing arm 5 from right to left, and then is connected to the lower end of the double-hook spring 7. The main load-bearing base shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the base 2, that is, the main load-bearing base shaft 3 and the base 2 are clearance-matched. The lower end of the base 2 is fixedly matched with the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning disk 8, and the change characteristics of the operating lever and the fan-shaped positioning disk 8 are consistent. The lower end of the rotating connecting rod 502 of the swing arm 5 is fixedly connected to the main bearing base shaft 3 through an axial limiting structure (the axial limiting structure is similar to the structure of connecting the rotating shaft and the motor, which belongs to the prior art), which is used to prevent the main bearing base shaft 3 from rotating relative to the rotating connecting rod 502, and also facilitate the replacement of parts when damaged. The upper end of the rotating connecting rod 502 is hinged to the front end of the swing push rod 501, and the middle part of the guide column 6 is welded to the rear end of the swing push rod 501 of the swing arm 5. The front end of the guide column 6 is connected to the upper end of the double hook spring 7, and the rear end of the guide column 6 is dynamically matched with the upper end of the fan-shaped positioning plate 8.

[0023] The lower end of the joystick 1 is provided with a sleeve with a diameter of 10 mm, which is used to pass through the pin 4. When the forward gear of the mechanism changes from the neutral gear to the reverse gear (or vice versa), the joystick 1 can rotate left and right around the pin 4. The pin 4 is used to rotatably connect the joystick 1 with the base 2; the base 2 is used to install the fan-shaped positioning plate 8 and the pin 4, which plays a transmission role; the diameter of the main load-bearing base shaft 3 is 10 mm, and the right end of the main load-bearing base shaft 3 is installed on the agricultural machinery frame. Starting from 2 mm at the left end face, the material is cut along the circumferential direction to process a cylindrical structure with a length of 6 mm and a diameter of 6 mm. Observing from left to right, the cylinder presents a stepped structure with diameters of 10 mm, 6 mm, and 10 mm in sequence; the swing arm 5 is used to push the guide column 6 into different gear slots 805. The diameter of the guide column 6 is 6 mm, which is used to engage with the gear slot 805 of the fan-shaped positioning plate 8. The double hook spring 7 plays a role in resetting the guide column 6. The total angle of the sector of the sector positioning plate 8 is 60°. The surface of the gear groove 805 of the sector positioning plate 8 is evenly coated with an adhesive grease layer (i.e., fluorine-containing modified silicone grease (GB / T269)) by a scraper. The adhesive grease layer forms a mechanical fit with the gear groove 805 through micro-roughening of the groove surface. The thickness of the adhesive grease layer ranges from 0.2-0.5mm, covering the sliding contact area of ​​the groove bottom and side wall of the gear groove 805. The optimal thickness of the adhesive grease layer is 0.3mm±0.05mm. After coating, it is left to solidify for 24 hours to form an irreversible adhesion interface. The adhesion of the adhesive grease layer is extremely low in the muddy and water scouring condition. At the same time, the grease enhances the smoothness of gear shifting. Anti-scouring verification: The coated gear groove 805 is immersed in a muddy and water mixture (sand content 15%) and vibrated for 30 minutes. The residual rate of the grease layer is ≥90% to be qualified. The swing push rod 501 plays a transmission role and is used to push the guide column 6 into the nine gear grooves 805; the lower end of the rotating connecting rod 502 is provided with a sleeve structure with an inner diameter of 10 mm, which is used to insert the main load-bearing base shaft 3 and fix it by welding and other fixing means. The upper end of the rotating connecting rod 502 is processed with an axial hole with an inner diameter of 6 mm, which is rotatably connected to the cylinder of the swing push rod 501, and the outer diameter of the cylinder is 6 mm; the rotating connecting rod 502 can be tilted at an angle of 25°.

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, the base 2 includes a bottom plate 201 and two side plates 202. The lower end of the bottom plate 201 is provided with a first base shaft hole 205, the diameter of the first base shaft hole 205 is 10mm, the main load-bearing base shaft 3 passes through the first base shaft hole 205, and the main load-bearing base shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the bottom plate 201. Below the first base shaft hole 205, a transmission auxiliary connecting hole 204 is provided, the diameter of which is 6mm, which is a reserved design for connecting the transmission mechanism. The lower end of the bottom plate 201 is welded to the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning plate 8, and the two sides of the bottom plate 201 are respectively vertically connected to the two side plates 202. The upper ends of the two side plates 202 are provided with a pin shaft hole 203, the diameter of the pin shaft hole 203 is 10mm, and the two ends of the pin shaft 4 are installed in the pin shaft hole 203.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, the fan-shaped positioning plate 8 includes a fan-shaped plate 801, a sleeve boss 802, eight gear teeth 804 and two anti-slip blocks 806. The bottom of the gear groove 805 is located at the radius of the fan-shaped plate 801 at 76mm, the top of the groove is located at 80mm, the total angle of the fan-shaped plate 801 is 46°, and a fillet with a radius of 8mm is processed at the lower end of the fan-shaped plate 801. The sleeve boss 802 is arranged on the right side of the lower end of the fan-shaped plate 801, and the sleeve boss 802 is welded to the lower end of the bottom plate 201 of the base 2. A second base shaft hole 803 is provided on the sleeve boss 802, and its inner diameter is 10mm. The main load-bearing base shaft 3 passes through the second base shaft hole, and eight gear teeth 804 are arranged at the upper end of the fan-shaped plate 801, arranged along the top circumference of the fan-shaped plate 801, and two adjacent gear teeth 804 form a gear groove 805, forming a total of seven gear grooves 805. The retaining groove 805 is an isosceles inverted trapezoidal structure, that is, the width of the groove bottom is less than the width of the groove mouth, and the angle between the side wall and the vertical surface on the groove bottom is 12°. The groove bottom width of the retaining groove 805 is 5mm, and the depth of the retaining groove 805 is 4mm. The surface is sandblasted with 120 mesh aluminum oxide particles, with a roughness Ra=4.0-5.0μm, a sandblasting pressure of 0.4MPa, and a coverage rate of ≥95%. In the optimal case, the two anti-slip blocks 806 respectively form two retaining grooves 805 with the two outermost gear teeth 804, a total of nine retaining grooves 805, to achieve more gear adjustment, and the guide column 6 dynamically cooperates with the nine retaining grooves 805. The two anti-slip blocks 806 are both higher than the eight gear teeth 804, which can prevent the guide column 6 from escaping from the retaining groove 805 of the fan-shaped positioning plate 8. The depth of the eight gear teeth 804 is greater than the diameter of the guide column 6, and the diameter of the guide column 6 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the retaining groove 805.

[0026] In order to make the technical solution of this embodiment easier to understand, in the first horizontal direction a, the arrow direction is left, and the opposite direction is right, in the second horizontal direction b, the arrow direction is rearward, and the opposite direction is forward, in the third direction c, the arrow direction is upward, and the opposite direction is downward, and the operation timing is analyzed as follows:

[0027] Initial state: the joystick 1 is vertically located at the neutral position of the sector-shaped positioning plate 8, the guide column 6 on the swing arm 5 is inserted into the gear slot 805 in the center of the sector-shaped positioning plate 8, the double hook spring 7 is in a natural pre-tightened state, and there is no power input to the shift mechanism;

[0028] Forward gear switching: the operator pushes the joystick 1 forward, and the joystick 1 drives the base 2 to rotate around the main load-bearing base axis 3; the rotation of the base 2 forces the guide column 6 on the swing arm 5 to slide out along the front side groove wall of the current gear slot 805, and the hinge point of the rotating connecting rod 502 of the swing arm 5 rotates clockwise, and the double-hook spring 7 gradually stretches to store energy; when the joystick 1 swings to the first gear, the guide column 6 slides into the bottom of the adjacent gear slot 805 on the front side, and the rebound force of the double-hook spring 7 presses the guide column 6 to the bottom of the gear slot 805 through the swing arm 5, completing the gear locking; repeatedly push the joystick 1 to the front limit position, triggering the front gear slot 805 to engage in turn, the switching angle of each gear is 5°, and the total stroke covers a 20° sector area.

[0029] Return to the neutral gear: the operator pulls the joystick 1 backward, and the joystick 1 drives the base 2 to rotate around the main load-bearing base axis 3; the rotation of the base 2 forces the guide column 6 to slide out along the rear side groove wall of the current gear groove 805, and the hinge point of the swing push rod 501 of the swing arm 5 still rotates clockwise, and the double-hook spring 7 gradually stretches to store energy; when the joystick 1 swings backward, the guide column 6 slides into the bottom of the adjacent gear groove 805 on the rear side, and the rebound force of the double-hook spring 7 presses the guide column 6 to the bottom of the groove through the swing arm 5, completing the gear locking; continue to push the joystick 1 to the neutral gear position of the fan-shaped positioning plate 8.

[0030] Reverse gear switching: when the moving sector-shaped positioning disk 8 is moved to the neutral gear position, it reaches the bottom of the agricultural machinery gear position indicator plate. At this time, the joystick 1 swings backward through the pin shaft 4 and enters the reverse gear position of the moving sector-shaped positioning disk 8; the operator pulls the joystick 1 backward, and the joystick 1 drives the base 2 to rotate around the main load-bearing base shaft 3; the guide column 6 of the swing arm 5 disengages from the gear slot 805 in the center of the sector-shaped positioning disk 8, slides along the rear groove wall of the rear gear slot 805, and the double-hook spring 7 stretches to store energy; when the joystick 1 swings to the first reverse gear, the guide column 6 is stuck in the first trapezoidal groove on the rear side, and the spring force presses the swing arm 5 to form a self-locking reverse gear; continue to pull the joystick 1 to the rear extreme position, and trigger the rear gear slot 805 to engage in turn. The switching angle of each gear is 5°, and the total stroke of the reverse gear covers a 20° sector-shaped area.

[0031] Anti-misoperation mechanism: During the gear shifting process, the anti-detachment block 806 of the sector-shaped positioning plate 8 limits the forward and backward displacement of the guide column 6 to prevent the guide column 6 from detaching from the sector-shaped positioning plate 8.

[0032] The above-mentioned specific implementation modes are preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the present invention. Any other changes or other equivalent replacement methods that do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a joystick, a base, a main load-bearing base shaft, a swing arm, a guide column, a double-hook spring and a fan-shaped positioning disk. The joystick is rotatably connected to the upper end of the base through a pin shaft. The main load-bearing base shaft passes through the lower end of the base, the fan-shaped positioning disk, and the fixed end of the swing arm in sequence and is connected to one end of the double-hook spring. The main load-bearing base shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the base. The lower end of the base is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning disk. The fixed end of the swing arm is fixedly connected to the main load-bearing base shaft. The guide column is fixedly connected to the free end of the swing arm. One end of the guide column is connected to the other end of the double-hook spring, and the other end of the guide column matches the upper end of the fan-shaped positioning disk.

2. A compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped positioning plate includes a fan-shaped plate, a sleeve boss and a gear. The sleeve boss is arranged at the lower end of the fan-shaped plate, the sleeve boss is fixedly connected to the base, the sleeve boss is provided with a second base shaft hole, the main load-bearing base shaft passes through the second base shaft hole, the gear is arranged at the upper end of the fan-shaped plate, two adjacent gears form a gear groove, the gear groove is an inverted trapezoidal structure, the depth of the gear groove is greater than the diameter of the guide column, and the guide column can be embedded in the gear groove.

3. A compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-slip block, which is located at the upper end of the fan-shaped plate. The anti-slip block and the outermost gear teeth form a gear groove, and the height of the anti-slip block is greater than the height of the gear teeth.

4. A compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide column is 2 / 3 of the depth of the retaining groove.

5. The compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the gear slots ranges from 7 to 9.

6. A compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the groove wall of the retaining groove is 12°.

7. A compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the gear groove is coated with an adhesive grease layer.

8. The compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing arm includes a swing push rod and a rotating connecting rod, one end of the swing push rod is fixedly connected to the main load-bearing base shaft, the other end of the swing push rod is hinged to one end of the rotating connecting rod, and the other end of the rotating connecting rod is fixedly connected to the guide column.

9. The compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes a bottom plate and a side plate. The main load-bearing base shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the bottom plate. The lower end of the bottom plate is welded to the lower end of the fan-shaped positioning plate. Both sides of the bottom plate are respectively connected to the side plates. The side plates are provided with pin shaft holes, and both ends of the pin shaft are installed in the pin shaft holes.

10. The compact multi-speed linear shift mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total sector angle of the sector-shaped positioning plate is 46°.

Images