Excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of electric power control and electric automobiles, and particularly relates to an excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure which comprises an excitation source, a piston, a conductor assembly, a melt shell assembly, a melt and a bottom cover. The melt shell assembly comprises a melt shell and a cover, a cavity is reserved between the melt shell and the cover, a displacement channel is formed in the melt shell assembly, and the melt disconnecting assembly is arranged in the displacement channel. The cover fully seals or semi-seals the open end of the melt shell; the position where the melt penetrates through the outer side face of the melt disconnecting assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium or located on the end face of the end, facing the cover, of the through hole in the end, facing the bottom cover, of the melt shell. When the excitation source drives the piston to push the melt disconnecting assembly to displace and disconnect the melt, the generated electric arc is extinguished through one or more than two modes of the arc extinguishing medium or the gap between the melt disconnecting assembly and the displacement channel. The utility model has the characteristics of good insulating property, abundant arc extinguishing modes, good arc extinguishing effect and high breaking capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of power control and electric vehicles, and relates to an excitation fuse with an excitation source for circuit protection, in particular to an arc extinguishing structure of the excitation fuse. Background Art

[0002] As electric vehicles increase their range, the energy of the battery pack system is constantly increasing, and the breaking capacity of the circuit protection device is also correspondingly improved. In addition, in order to meet consumer demand, the fast charging current is getting larger and larger, so the cable diameter in the charging circuit is also increasing. At the same time, due to the significant increase in the inductance of the circuit, the excitation fuse as a protection device also needs to meet the high breaking capacity under large inductance. The above development trends have increased the breaking performance requirements for the excitation fuse. In addition to the breaking capacity requirements, the breaking performance also needs to be constrained by the action time. Only in this way can the safety of the battery pack system be guaranteed.

[0003] The action time refers to the time required to cut off the fault current in the circuit, that is, the time it takes to establish the insulation resistance. For the excitation fuse that uses quartz sand to extinguish the arc, the arc-starting fuse has different abilities to extinguish the arc and establish insulation when the fuse breaks at different positions, and the time it takes to establish insulation is also different. This difference is related to the protection range of the excitation fuse. If the system does not require the excitation fuse to have a collision protection function, that is, when zero current protection is not required, the arc-starting fuse does not change its action through a mechanical break, and the arc-starting fuse is melted by thermal melting. In this design, the distribution of arc energy on the fuse is relatively uniform; if the system requires the excitation fuse to have a collision protection function, a water fall protection function, etc., since there is no overload current in this case, the arc-starting fuse cannot be melted by thermal melting. At this time, the arc-starting fuse needs to be disconnected mechanically. In this design, the location of the mechanical break of the fuse has a great influence on the distribution of arc energy.

[0004] For example, the single-break excitation fuse disclosed in Chinese patent 2021226828004 includes an excitation housing, a gas generating device, a power housing, a power device, a conductive plate, an air chamber housing, a melt housing, a melt, a push rod and a guide rod, and a bottom cover. The excitation housing, the power housing, the air chamber housing, the melt housing, and the bottom cover are connected in sequence, the conductive plate is arranged between the power housing and the air chamber housing, the gas generating device is located in the excitation housing, the power device is located in the power housing, the melt is arranged in the arc extinguishing medium in the melt housing, and the two ends of the melt are conductively connected to the conductive plate. The displacement channel of the melt housing is a fully enclosed structure, the push rod and the guide rod are located in the displacement channel in the melt housing, and the push rod and the guide rod are isolated from the arc extinguishing medium by the melt housing. The gas generating device is actuated, the driving force is released, and after the driving piston disconnects the conductive plate, the push rod and the guide rod are pushed to move along the displacement channel, breaking the melt to form a mechanical fracture, and the mechanical fracture of the melt is always located in the arc extinguishing medium. Since the push rod and the guide rod are isolated from the arc extinguishing medium by the displacement channel, when the push rod and the guide rod disconnect the fuse, the distance between the fuse on the side of the push rod and the guide rod and the fuse disconnection point is long, so that it takes a certain time for the push rod and the guide rod to be displaced before the fuse is pulled off. Moreover, the fuse fracture always exists in the arc extinguishing medium, the arc energy distribution is all concentrated in the arc extinguishing medium, and the arc extinguishing method is single.

[0005] In this structure, there is no seal between the push rod and the displacement channel, and a displacement gap is retained. After the conductive plate is disconnected, the arc generated after the disconnection of the conductive plate can easily enter the gap between the push rod and the displacement channel. When the fuse is disconnected, the arc on the conductive plate may enter the fuse fracture along the gap, forming arc crossover, which increases the difficulty of arc extinguishing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an arc extinguishing structure for an excitation fuse, which has the characteristics of good insulation performance, rich arc extinguishing modes, good arc extinguishing effect and high breaking capacity.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is an excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure, comprising a conductor assembly, a fuse housing assembly, a fuse disconnect assembly, a fuse and a bottom cover; the conductor assembly and the bottom cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the fuse housing assembly;

[0008] The conductor assembly comprises a conductor and an insulating support, wherein the insulating support is located between two ends of the conductor as the connection terminals of the excitation fuse and the area where the conductor needs to be disconnected, and the fuse housing assembly contacts the insulating support;

[0009] The melt shell assembly comprises a melt shell and a cover, wherein one end of the melt shell is open, the open end of the melt shell is arranged toward the conductor assembly, and the other end is arranged toward the bottom cover, the cover is arranged at the open end of the melt shell, and a cavity is reserved between the cover and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover; through holes penetrating the cover and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover are respectively provided at the bottom of the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover and at the corresponding position of the cover, the through holes on the cover and the melt shell form a displacement channel, and the displacement channel is located in the displacement direction of the impact force received when the conductor is disconnected; the melt disconnection assembly is arranged in the displacement channel, one end of the melt disconnection assembly is in sealing contact with the through hole on the cover forming the displacement channel, and the other end is in sealing contact with the through hole on the melt shell forming the displacement channel;

[0010] When the cover seals the open end of the melt shell, a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the melt disconnection assembly, the cover and the melt shell; when the cover semi-closes the open end of the melt shell, and the cover is arranged corresponding to the conductor disconnection area and its peripheral area, a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the conductor assembly, the cover, the melt shell and the melt disconnection assembly, and the arc extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc extinguishing medium;

[0011] The fuse is disposed in the arc extinguishing medium and passes through the fuse disconnection assembly, and two ends of the fuse are respectively conductively connected to the conductors on both outsides of the conductor disconnection area;

[0012] In the initial position, the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, or is located at the end surface of the through hole on the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the cover;

[0013] When the conductor is mechanically disconnected from the area to be disconnected, the driving force for disconnecting the conductor drives the fuse disconnection assembly to move, and after the fuse is disconnected from the position where the fuse passes through the outer side of the fuse disconnection assembly:

[0014] When the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, when the melt disconnection assembly moves to the end position, the melt disconnection assembly with the disconnected melt portion is located in the arc extinguishing medium or in the through hole on one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover;

[0015] When the melt passes through the position of the outer side surface of the melt disconnection component and contacts the end surface of the through hole on the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the cover, during the process of the melt disconnection component moving to the terminal position, the melt disconnection component with the disconnected melt part is located in the through hole at the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover.

[0016] Preferably, a boss is provided at the end surface of one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover, and the boss is provided toward the cover; a gap is reserved between the boss and the cover; through holes penetrating the cover, the boss and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover are respectively provided on the boss of the melt shell and at corresponding positions of the cover to form the displacement channel; in the initial position, the position where the melt passes through the outer side surface of the melt disconnection component is located in the arc extinguishing medium between the boss and the cover, or is located at the end surface of the boss of the melt shell facing the cover.

[0017] Preferably, a first positioning structure is provided between the contact surface of the conductor assembly and the melt shell; when the cover half-closes the open end of the melt shell, the contact surface of the conductor assembly and the cover is positioned by a second positioning structure.

[0018] Preferably, the melt disconnection assembly includes a push rod and a guide rod which are tightly nested, one end of the push rod is in contact with the displacement channel located at the cover, one end of the guide rod is in contact with the displacement channel located on the melt shell, and the other ends of the push rod and the guide rod located in the melt shell assembly are tightly nested and connected; a soft material layer or at least one circle of sealing ridges is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod in contact with the displacement channel, and the ridges or the soft material layer on the push rod are in contact with the through holes on the cover to form a sealed contact; the melt passes through the nesting point of the push rod and the guide rod. Preferably, when the position where the melt passes through the outer side surface of the melt disconnect assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, an arc-isolating ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the portion of the guide rod in contact with the arc extinguishing medium, and the arc-isolating ring is integrally connected to or in close contact with the guide rod. When the melt disconnect assembly is displaced, the arc-isolating ring integrally connected to the guide rod can be disconnected from the connection with the guide rod; the arc-isolating ring is supported by the arc extinguishing medium or by the boss on the melt shell; when the melt disconnect assembly is displaced, the melt disconnect assembly is displaced relative to the arc-isolating ring and during the entire process of displacement, the arc-isolating ring is clamped on the outer circumference of the melt disconnect assembly;

[0019] The displacement path of the disconnected part of the melt clamped between the push rod and the guide rod is: from the arc extinguishing medium into the arc isolating ring and then into the arc extinguishing medium; or, from the arc extinguishing medium into the arc isolating ring and then into the arc extinguishing medium, and finally into the through hole in the melt shell; or, from the arc extinguishing medium into the arc isolating ring and finally into the through hole in the melt shell.

[0020] Preferably, a disconnection weak point that reduces the mechanical strength is provided at the connection between the arc isolation ring and the guide rod, and through holes are respectively opened at the connection between the arc isolation ring and the guide rod on opposite sides of the guide rod through which the melt has not passed; an insulating rod is fixedly provided at the end surface position of the melt shell or the cover corresponding to the through hole of the arc isolation ring, and the insulating rod is inserted into the through hole of the arc isolation ring.

[0021] Preferably, one end of the push rod and the guide rod are nested together as a protrusion, a step is provided on the periphery of the protrusion, and an end surface of the guide rod and the push rod are nested together as a groove, the protrusion of the push rod is tightly nested in the groove of the guide rod, and the melt passes through the contact surface where the push rod and the guide rod are nested together.

[0022] Preferably, the conductor and the insulating support are integrally formed.

[0023] Preferably, a cavity is provided between the melt shell assembly and the bottom cover, and the displacement channel is communicated with the cavity.

[0024] Preferably, a pad is provided between the bottom cover and the melt housing assembly, and the pad is suspended at a position corresponding to the melt disconnection assembly.

[0025] Preferably, the backing plate and the bottom cover are respectively provided with groove structures at positions corresponding to the melt disconnection component, and the opening ends of the groove structures face the melt disconnection component.

[0026] The present invention adopts a fuse disconnect component and a clamped melt at different positions in a fuse shell component to realize a combination of multiple arc extinguishing methods, thereby improving arc extinguishing capability and breaking capability: specifically, the fuse disconnect component is in direct contact with the arc extinguishing medium, and through the different positions in the arc extinguishing medium when the fuse disconnects, the arc after the fuse disconnects is distributed at different positions in the fuse shell component, so that the arc extinguishing method is not single, and while the arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium, at least one arc extinguishing method of stretching and squeezing the arc in the gap between the fuse disconnect component and the arc extinguishing medium, stretching and squeezing the arc between the fuse disconnect component and the displacement channel, and stretching and squeezing the arc in the gap between the fuse disconnect component and the arc isolation rings is combined, so that the arc energy generated by the fuse disconnection is distributed in different positions in the fuse shell component, so that the arc extinguishing methods are diversified, thereby improving arc extinguishing capability and breaking capability.

[0027] By leaving a gap between the melt shell and the cover, the melt disconnect assembly is directly in contact with the arc extinguishing medium, the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber is expanded, the amount of arc extinguishing medium participating in arc extinguishing is increased, and the arc extinguishing capacity is improved. By combining the conductor assembly and the cover to seal the melt shell, the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber is further expanded, so that more arc extinguishing medium can participate in arc extinguishing.

[0028] By using an independent melt shell component, the melt shell component through which the melt is penetrated becomes an independent component, which is assembled in advance and then circulated between various processes, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0029] The use of an integrally formed conductor assembly reduces the number of parts, and the integrally formed insulating support member avoids the contact surface between the conductor and the shell and the sealing between the contact surfaces when the conductor is installed.

[0030] One end of the fuse disconnection component facing the conductor is in sealing contact with the displacement channel, thereby improving the insulation between the conductor and the fuse after the conductor is disconnected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductor assembly combined with the melt housing assembly, wherein the cover closes the melt housing.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductor assembly combined with the melt housing assembly, wherein the cover does not completely close the melt housing.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the push rod structure, wherein Figure a and Figure b respectively show two structural forms of the push rod.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the guide rod structure, wherein Figure a, Figure b, and Figure c are three structural forms of the guide rod respectively.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural form in which a push rod and a guide rod without arc isolation ring are arranged in a melt shell assembly, wherein Figures a, b, and c are structural schematic diagrams of the push rod and the guide rod before, during, and after the action of disconnecting the melt, respectively.

[0036] Figure 6 It is another structural form in which a push rod and a guide rod without arc isolation ring are arranged in a melt shell assembly, wherein Figures a and b are schematic structural diagrams of the push rod and the guide rod before and after the action of disconnecting the melt, respectively.

[0037] Figure 7 It is another structural form in which a push rod and a guide rod without arc isolation ring are arranged in a melt shell assembly, wherein Figures a and b are schematic structural diagrams of the push rod and the guide rod before and after the action of disconnecting the melt, respectively.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural form in which a push rod and a guide rod with an arc isolation ring are arranged in a melt shell component, wherein Figures a, b, and c are structural schematic diagrams of the push rod and the guide rod before, during, and after the action of disconnecting the melt, respectively.

[0039] Fig. 9 It is another structural form in which a push rod with an arc isolation ring and a guide rod are arranged in a melt shell component.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of one of the specific structures for connecting the arc separation ring and the guide rod.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] Conductor 10, disconnected weak point 101, connecting hole 102, positioning protrusion 103, insulating support 11, through hole 112, plug 113, positioning protrusion 114, melt shell 20, boss 201, through hole 202, cover 21, boss 211, arc extinguishing medium 30, melt 40, disconnected melt part 401, bottom cover 50, groove structure 501, pad 60, guide rod 70, arc isolation ring 701, groove 702, through hole 703, groove 704, push rod 80, ridge 801, soft material layer 802, protrusion 803. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] An excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure of the present invention comprises a conductor assembly, a fuse housing assembly, a fuse disconnect assembly, a fuse and a bottom cover; the conductor assembly and the bottom cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the fuse housing assembly;

[0044] The conductor assembly includes a conductor and an insulating support, the insulating support is located between two ends of the conductor as the connection terminals of the excitation fuse and the area where the conductor needs to be disconnected, and the fuse housing assembly is in contact with the insulating support;

[0045] The melt shell assembly comprises a melt shell and a cover, wherein one end of the melt shell is open, the open end of the melt shell is arranged toward the conductor assembly, and the other end is arranged toward the bottom cover, the cover is arranged at the open end of the melt shell, and a cavity is reserved between the cover and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover; through holes penetrating the cover and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover are respectively provided at the bottom of the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover and at the corresponding position of the cover, and the through holes on the cover and the melt shell form a displacement channel, and the displacement channel is located in the displacement direction of the impact force received when the conductor is disconnected; the melt disconnection assembly is arranged in the displacement channel, one end of the melt disconnection assembly is in sealing contact with the through hole forming the displacement channel on the cover, and the other end is in sealing contact with the through hole forming the displacement channel on the melt shell;

[0046] When the cover seals the open end of the melt shell, a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the melt disconnection assembly, the cover and the melt shell; when the cover semi-closes the open end of the melt shell, and the cover is arranged corresponding to the conductor disconnection area and its peripheral area, a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the conductor assembly, the cover, the melt shell and the melt disconnection assembly, and the arc extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc extinguishing medium;

[0047] The fuse is placed in the arc extinguishing medium and passes through the fuse disconnection assembly, and the two ends of the fuse are respectively conductively connected to the conductors on the two outer sides of the conductor to be disconnected;

[0048] In the initial position, the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, or is located at the end of the through hole on the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the end of the cover;

[0049] When the conductor is mechanically disconnected from the area to be disconnected, the driving force of the disconnected conductor drives the fuse disconnect assembly to move, and after the fuse is disconnected from the position where the fuse passes through the outer side of the fuse disconnect assembly:

[0050] When the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, when the melt disconnection assembly moves to the end position, the melt disconnection assembly with the disconnected melt portion is located in the arc extinguishing medium or in the through hole on one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover;

[0051] When the melt passes through the position of the outer side surface of the melt disconnection component and contacts the end surface of the through hole on the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the cover, during the process of the melt disconnection component moving to the end position, the melt disconnection component with the disconnected melt part is located in the through hole at the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover.

[0052] In this scheme, after the conductor is disconnected from the area to be disconnected, the fuse disconnection assembly is displaced to disconnect the fuse: when the position where the melt passes through the outer side surface of the fuse disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, when the fuse disconnection assembly is displaced to the termination position, the fuse disconnection assembly with the disconnected melt portion is located in the arc extinguishing medium or in the through hole at one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover; when the position where the melt passes through the outer side surface of the fuse disconnection assembly is located at the outer side of the end surface of the through hole at one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the cover, when the fuse disconnection assembly is displaced to the termination position, the melt disconnection assembly with the disconnected melt portion is located in the through hole at one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover.

[0053] It should be noted that in this solution, the fuse disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium with the disconnected melt part, that is, the end of the disconnected melt part (the end position of the disconnected melt part carried or clamped by the fuse disconnection assembly after the original melt is disconnected) is finally located in the arc extinguishing medium; the fuse disconnection assembly is located in the through hole at one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover with the disconnected melt part, that is, the end of the disconnected melt part (from being located in the arc extinguishing medium before disconnection, after disconnection, as the end position on the disconnected melt part, driven by the fuse disconnection assembly) is finally located in the through hole of the melt shell. When the position where the melt passes through the outer side surface of the fuse disconnection assembly is initially set to be located at the outer side of the through hole at one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover toward the end face of the cover: the fuse disconnection assembly moves with the disconnected melt part, and the end of the disconnected melt part, from the outer end face at the through hole of the melt shell, is finally located in the through hole at one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover.

[0054] In the above scheme, the specific position of the melt after disconnection can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the outer end surface of the displacement channel formed on the melt shell and the depth of the overlapping part between the melt disconnection component (for example, the more overlapping parts, the easier it is for the melt disconnection part to be driven into the through hole of the displacement channel by the melt disconnection component), thereby improving the insulation performance or breaking capacity of the product and being suitable for product requirements under different application conditions.

[0055] The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure of the present invention, when in use, is assembled together with a housing containing an excitation source (a device capable of releasing high-pressure gas as a driving force) and a piston to form an excitation fuse. When in operation, the excitation source releases high-pressure gas as a driving force to drive the piston to move, and the piston disconnects the conductor from the area where the conductor needs to be disconnected, and then the piston drives the melt disconnection assembly to move to disconnect the melt.

[0056] The sealed, self-contained fuse housing assembly can be rotated between processes during fuse assembly.

[0057] With respect to the above technical solution, preferred embodiments are now cited and specifically described in conjunction with drawings.

[0058] The arc extinguishing structure of the excitation fuse mainly includes a conductor assembly, a fuse housing assembly, a fuse, a fuse disconnect assembly, and a bottom cover. The fuse housing assembly is located below the conductor assembly, the fuse is arranged in the fuse housing assembly and connected in parallel with the conductor, the fuse disconnect assembly is arranged in the fuse housing assembly and clamps the fuse, and the bottom cover is arranged below the fuse housing assembly to seal the bottom of the fuse housing assembly. Figure 1The conductor assembly includes a conductor 10, and an insulating support 11 is integrally formed on the conductor 10 between the area where the conductor 10 needs to be disconnected and the conductor 10 located outside the shell as an excitation fuse terminal. A disconnection weak point 101 is provided on the area where the conductor 10 needs to be disconnected, so as to facilitate the conductor 10 to be disconnected from the disconnection weak point 101. A connection hole 102 is provided on the end surface of the insulating support 11 facing the melt shell assembly for the two ends of the melt 40 to pass through and be conductively connected to the conductor 10. A positioning protrusion 103 is provided on the end surface of the insulating support 11 away from the melt shell assembly.

[0059] The melt shell assembly includes a melt shell 20 and a cover 21 covering the melt shell 20. The melt shell 20 is a box-shaped structure, with one end facing the conductor assembly as an open end and one end facing the bottom cover 50 as an end facing the bottom cover. The open end of the melt shell 20 is provided with a cover 21. In this embodiment, the cover 21 closes the open end of the melt shell 20, and the bottom cover 50 is provided on the outer side of the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover. A boss 201 facing the cover 21 is provided at the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover, and a through hole 202 penetrating the boss 201 and the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover is provided on the boss 201. A boss 211 is provided on the side of the cover 21 facing the melt shell 20 corresponding to the boss 201, and a gap is reserved between the boss 201 on the melt shell 20 and the boss 211 on the cover 21. Corresponding to the through hole 202 at one end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover, a through hole is opened on the boss 211 on the cover 21. The through hole 202 on the melt shell 20 and the corresponding through hole on the cover 21 form a displacement channel. The length of the displacement channel part located at the cover can be extended by the boss 211 at the cover. A melt disconnection component is arranged in the displacement channel formed by the cover 21 and the melt shell 20. The melt disconnection component closes the gap between the melt shell 20 and the cover 21. An arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the melt disconnection component and the cover and the melt shell. The arc extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc extinguishing medium 30. The arc extinguishing medium 30 is a solid arc extinguishing medium or a liquid arc extinguishing medium, such as solid quartz sand and liquid arc extinguishing gel. The melt disconnection component located between the cover 21 and the melt shell 20 contacts the arc extinguishing medium 30, and after the melt disconnection component is displaced along the displacement channel to disconnect the melt, the melt disconnection component still closes the gap between the cover 21 and the melt shell 20.

[0060] The melt 40 is inserted into the arc extinguishing medium 30 in the melt shell 20, and the melt 40 passes through the gap between the boss 211 of the cover 21 and the boss 201 of the melt shell 20 and the melt disconnection assembly. The two ends of the melt 40 pass through the cover 21 and the connection hole 102 of the insulating support 11 and are conductively connected to the conductor 10. The two ends of the melt 40 are connected to the conductor 10 in parallel by conductive connection methods such as welding or bolt pressing. The two ends of the melt 40 are located on the two outer sides of the area where the conductor 10 needs to be disconnected. When the conductor 10 is disconnected from the area to be disconnected, the current flowing through the conductor 10 flows through the melt 40.

[0061] A bottom cover 50 is arranged outside the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover, and the bottom cover 50 closes the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover. A cavity is arranged between the melt shell 20 and the bottom cover 50, and the through holes 202202 at the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover are arranged corresponding to the cavity between the melt shell 20 and the bottom cover 50. A pad 60 is arranged between the melt shell 20 and the bottom cover 50, and the pad 60 is suspended, and a portion of the suspended pad 60 is arranged directly opposite to the through hole 202 (i.e., the displacement channel) at the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover.

[0062] In order to increase the volume of the cavity between the melt shell 20 and the bottom cover 50, a groove structure 501 is provided on the end surface of the bottom cover 50 corresponding to the through hole 202 of the end of the melt shell 20 facing the bottom cover, and the backing plate 60 located at the groove 501 is also correspondingly provided as a groove structure. The opening ends of the groove structures of the bottom cover and the backing plate are respectively provided toward the melt shell.

[0063] When the melt disconnection assembly moves along the displacement channel and disconnects the melt 40 , the melt disconnection assembly contacts part of the suspended pad 60 , and the suspended pad 60 buffers the impact energy of the melt disconnection assembly.

[0064] Figure 1 The melt shell assembly formed by the melt shell and the cover and the melt inserted therein can be used as a complete independent packaging structure, which can be assembled in advance and then circulated between various processes, which is convenient for assembly and reduces assembly time.

[0065] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the cover 21 seals the melt shell 20. Since a gap is retained between the cover 21 and the melt shell 20, the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber between the cover 21 and the melt shell 20 is increased, more arc extinguishing medium participates in arc extinguishing, and the arc extinguishing capability is improved.

[0066] In order to further increase the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber, Figure 1On the basis of the above, the cover 21 only closes a part of the open end of the melt shell 20, and the rest is closed by the conductor assembly, that is, the melt shell 20 is combined with the conductor assembly and the cover 21 to form a sealed arc extinguishing chamber between the melt shell 20 and the conductor assembly.

[0067] For specific structure, see Figure 2 The cover 21 is located in the central area of ​​the open end of the melt shell 20, and closes the central area of ​​the open end of the melt shell 20. The cover 21 is arranged corresponding to the conductor disconnection area and the periphery. The opposite sides of the cover 21 are arranged on the opposite sides of the open end of the melt shell 20 to support the cover. A certain gap is reserved between the other opposite sides of the cover and the inner wall of the shell of the melt shell 20. The insulating support of the conductor assembly closes the gap between the cover 21 and the inner wall of the melt shell 20. The sealing of the open end of the melt shell 20 is achieved by combining the insulating support with the cover, and a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the conductor assembly, the cover, the melt shell and the melt disconnection assembly. A through hole 112 is opened at the position where the conductor 10 and the insulating support 11 are located between the cover and the inner wall of the melt shell. The through hole 112 is connected to the arc extinguishing chamber, and the arc extinguishing medium is filled into the arc extinguishing chamber through the through hole 112. A plug 113 is filled in one end of the through hole 112 on the conductor component away from the cover, and the through hole 112 on the conductor component is closed by the plug 113 . Figure 2 The structure shown is relatively Figure 1 In the structure shown, the volume of the arc extinguishing chamber is larger and filled with more arc extinguishing medium.

[0068] Limiting steps are respectively arranged on the periphery of the opposite sides of the opening end of the melt shell 20, and a positioning groove is arranged on the end face of the cover 21 facing the conductor assembly. The conductor assembly is clamped at the limiting steps on the periphery of the opening end of the melt shell 20 to form a first positioning structure. A positioning protrusion 114 is arranged at the end face of the conductor assembly corresponding to the positioning groove of the cover 21, and the positioning protrusion 114 on the insulating support 11 of the conductor assembly is clamped in the positioning groove of the cover 21 to form a second positioning structure. Through the second positioning structure between the conductor assembly and the cover, and the first positioning structure between the conductor assembly and the melt shell, a position limit is formed between the contact surface of the conductor assembly and the melt shell assembly to prevent relative horizontal displacement. In particular, when the cover semi-closes the opening end of the melt shell, a second positioning structure must be arranged between the conductor assembly and the cover to prevent the cover from horizontal displacement. When the cover fully closes the opening end of the melt shell, the second positioning structure may not be arranged between the conductor assembly and the cover. When a positioning structure is provided between the conductor assembly and the cover, no positioning structure may be provided between the conductor assembly and the melt shell. Of course, positioning structures may also be provided between the conductor assembly and the melt shell and between the conductor assembly and the cover.

[0069] Figure 2The melt shell component in Figure 1 It is a semi-encapsulated structure and cannot be circulated between various processes independently. It must be assembled with conductor components before it can be circulated between processes. Figure 2 The volume of the arc extinguishing chamber in Figure 1 The volume of the arc extinguishing chamber is larger, more arc extinguishing medium is filled, and more arc extinguishing medium participates in arc extinguishing.

[0070] The melt disconnection assembly includes a push rod 80 and a guide rod 70 arranged in a nested manner. The push rod 80 is provided with a protrusion 803 at one end facing the guide rod 70, and a step is provided on the outer periphery of the protrusion 803. A groove 702 is provided on the end surface of the guide rod 70 facing the push rod 80, and the protrusion 803 of the push rod 80 is inserted into the groove 702 of the guide rod 70 in a tightly fitting manner to form a nested structure. The melt 40 passes through the contact surface of the nested structure of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70, and is pressed against the guide rod 70 by the push rod 80. The end of the push rod 80 facing the conductor assembly is located in the cover 21, and the end of the guide rod 70 facing the bottom cover 50 is located in the melt shell 20. When the push rod and the guide rod are displaced to the pad 60, the end of the push rod facing the conductor assembly is still located in the cover 21.

[0071] See also Figure 3 a. At least one convex ridge 801 is provided as a sealing structure on the outer peripheral side of the push rod 80 in the cover 21. When the push rod and the guide rod are nested and placed in the displacement channel of the melt shell assembly, the convex ridge 801 on the push rod 80 is interference-fitted with the through hole of the cover 21 to achieve sealing between the contact surfaces.

[0072] In order to achieve sealing between the contact surface of the push rod and the cover 21, a soft material layer 802 can also be provided on the side of the push rod 80 that contacts the cover 21 as a sealing structure, see Figure 3 b. When the push rod 80 is placed in the displacement channel of the melt shell assembly, the soft material layer 802 on the push rod 80 is in interference contact with the through hole of the cover 21, and the soft material layer is squeezed, which is equivalent to setting a sealing layer between the push rod and the cover to achieve sealing between the contact surfaces of the push rod and the cover.

[0073] A sealing structure is provided on the outer periphery of the push rod 80 to prevent arc and high-pressure gas generated after the conductor is disconnected from entering the melt shell assembly.

[0074] Guide rod 70, see Figure 4 a. The outer circumference between the two ends of the guide rod 70 is integrally formed with an arc separation ring 701, and the thickness of the connection between the arc separation ring 701 and the guide rod 70 is relatively thin. Figure 4 b. The outer periphery between the two ends of the guide rod 70 is provided with an arc-isolating ring 701. The arc-isolating ring 701 and the guide rod are independent parts, and the arc-isolating ring 701 and the guide rod 70 are closely matched. Figure 4c. The guide rod 70 is a separate rod structure, and no arc separation ring is provided on its outer circumference.

[0075] The specific structure of the arc separation ring 701 integrally formed on the outer periphery of the guide rod 70 is shown in FIG. Fig.10 , an arc-isolating ring 701 is integrally formed around the outer circumference of the guide rod 70 between the two ends, and a circle of grooves 704 is provided on the side of the bottom cover at the connection between the arc-isolating ring 701 and the guide rod 70 to form a disconnection weak point. Through holes 703 are respectively provided at the connection between the arc-isolating ring and the opposite sides of the guide rod 70 where the melt 40 does not pass. An insulating rod (not shown) is fixedly provided at the position corresponding to the through hole 703 on the melt shell or the cover, and the insulating rod is inserted into the through hole 703 at the arc-isolating ring 701. When the melt disconnection assembly is displaced, the guide rod 70 and the arc-isolating ring 701 are disconnected from the disconnection weak point of the connection, and the arc-isolating ring 701 becomes an independent part, and the melt disconnection assembly is displaced relative to the arc-isolating ring. During the entire displacement process of the melt disconnection assembly, the arc-isolating ring 701 is clamped on the outer circumference of the melt disconnection assembly. Since the insulating rod is located in the through hole 703 of the arc isolation ring 701, the position of the arc isolation ring is limited to prevent the arc isolation ring from rotating, so that the arc isolation ring is clamped on the outer periphery of the fuse disconnection component. At the same time, the melt on both sides of the fuse disconnection component is better separated to prevent the fuse disconnection part from arcing through the arc extinguishing sand, thereby further improving the insulation performance.

[0076] When the fuse disconnection assembly carries the disconnected fuse part through the arc isolation ring, the disconnected fuse part can pass through the arc isolation ring driven by the push rod and the guide rod, through the arc isolation ring and the arc extinguishing medium. When the push rod carries the disconnected fuse part through the arc isolation ring, the arc extinguishing medium in the through hole insulates and isolates the disconnected fuse part on both sides of the guide rod, thereby isolating the arc of the disconnected fuse part on both sides of the guide rod and improving the arc extinguishing capability.

[0077] The position of the nested structure of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 holding the melt 40 in the melt housing assembly determines the arc extinguishing method.

[0078] When the guide rod 70 is not provided with an arc-isolating ring:

[0079] See also Figure 5 a to Figure 5 c. The peripheral butt joint surface of the nested structure of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 holding the melt 40 (i.e., the position where the melt 40 needs to be disconnected) is located in the gap between the boss 211 of the cover 21 and the boss 201 of the melt shell 20, and the arc extinguishing medium 30 is located on its periphery. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the guide rod 70 is not provided with an arc separation ring.

[0080] When the conductor is disconnected, the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 are pushed to move along the displacement channel, and the fracture of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 that disconnect the fuse is located in the arc extinguishing medium 30, and the generated arc is first extinguished in the arc extinguishing medium 30;

[0081] As the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 move into the through hole 202 of the melt shell 20 with the disconnected melt portion 401 , the generated arc is stretched, squeezed and extinguished in the gap between the push rod and the guide rod and the through hole 202 until the guide rod moves to the pad 60 .

[0082] See also Figure 6 a to Figure 6 b. The peripheral butt joint surface of the nested structure of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 holding the melt 40 is located at the table surface of the boss 201 of the melt shell 20.

[0083] When the piston disconnects the conductor and pushes the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 to move along the displacement channel, the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 disconnect the melt at the moment, and bring the disconnected melt part 401 into the through hole 202 at the boss of the melt shell 20. The arc generated by the disconnection of the melt is located in the gap between the push rod, the guide rod and the through hole 202. Through the displacement of the push rod and the guide rod, the arc is elongated and squeezed in the gap to extinguish the arc.

[0084] See also Figure 7 a to Figure 7 b. The nested structure in which the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 clamp the melt 40 is located in the gap between the through hole of the cover 21 and the through hole 202 at the bottom of the melt shell 20, and the arc extinguishing medium 30 is located on the periphery thereof.

[0085] When the piston disconnects the conductor and pushes the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 to move along the displacement channel, the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 disconnect the fuse and move with the disconnected fuse part 401 until the guide rod moves to the pad 60, and the disconnected fuse part 401 is always located in the arc extinguishing medium 30. The arc generated by the fuse disconnection is always extinguished in the arc extinguishing medium, and at the same time, the generated arc is squeezed and stretched at the gap between the arc extinguishing medium and the fuse disconnection component, and the arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium and the extrusion of the arc extinguishing medium and the fuse disconnection component.

[0086] When the arc-isolating ring 701 is provided on the guide rod 70:

[0087] See also Figure 8 a to Figure 8 c. The peripheral butt joint surface of the nested structure of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 holding the melt 40 is located in the gap between the boss 211 of the cover 21 and the boss 201 of the melt shell 20. The arc-isolating ring 701 is also located in the arc-extinguishing medium, and the arc-extinguishing medium 30 is all around it. The arc-isolating ring 701 is supported by the arc-extinguishing medium 30, and the arc-extinguishing medium is solid, generally quartz sand.

[0088] When the conductor is disconnected, the melt disconnection assembly formed by the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 is displaced, and the arc-isolating ring 701 integrally connected to the guide rod 70 is disconnected from the connection with the guide rod, so that the guide rod 70 and the arc-isolating ring 701 become independent parts respectively. At this time, the structure between the guide rod and the arc-isolating ring is the same as the structure of an independent arc-isolating ring sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod 70. Therefore, when the fuse disconnection assembly is displaced, the arc isolating ring is fixed, and the fuse disconnection assembly is displaced relative to the arc isolating ring. After the fuse is disconnected, the fuse disconnection assembly first displaces the disconnected fuse part 401 in the arc extinguishing medium 30, and the generated arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium. Then, the fuse disconnection assembly brings the disconnected fuse part 401 into the arc isolating ring, where the arc is squeezed by the gap between the arc isolating ring and the fuse disconnection assembly, and the arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium and the squeezing. As the fuse disconnection assembly continues to displace the disconnected fuse part 401, it enters the arc extinguishing medium again, and the arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium until the guide rod 70 is displaced to the pad 60. In other embodiments, the fuse disconnection assembly may first displace the disconnected fuse part 401 in the arc extinguishing medium, then enter the arc isolating ring, displace in the arc isolating ring, then enter the arc extinguishing medium to displace, and finally enter the through hole in the fuse shell. In this case, arc extinguishing is achieved by combining the extrusion between the arc extinguishing medium and the arc isolating ring and the extrusion between the arc extinguishing medium and the through hole.

[0089] See also Fig. 9 , the arc-isolating ring 701 is located at the table of the boss of the melt shell 20, and the peripheral butt joint surface of the nested structure of the push rod 80 and the guide rod 70 holding the melt 40 is located in the arc-extinguishing medium 30. When the piston drives the melt disconnection assembly to move, the melt disconnection assembly disconnects the melt, and the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc-extinguishing medium with the disconnected melt part 401, and the arc is first extinguished by the arc-extinguishing medium. As the melt disconnection assembly moves, the melt disconnection assembly stays with the disconnected melt part 401 through the arc-isolating ring, and then enters the through hole 202 of the melt shell 20. In this case, the arc is extinguished by the arc-extinguishing medium, the extrusion between the arc-isolating ring, and the extrusion between the through hole.

[0090] exist Fig. 9 In the process, after the melt is disconnected, the arc at the disconnection point passes through the arc extinguishing medium, then passes through the narrow gap between the arc isolating ring and the push rod and the guide rod to extinguish the arc, and then squeezes the arc through the gap between the through hole and the push rod and the guide rod to extinguish the arc. The arc is extinguished in multiple ways to improve the arc extinguishing capacity.

[0091] When the pad 60 is provided, when the guide rod contacts the pad 60, the pad 60 is deformed by the impact, which buffers the impact energy brought by the guide rod, avoids a large deformation of the bottom cover, or even damages the bottom cover, and improves safety performance. In other embodiments, the pad may not be provided, and only the bottom cover may be provided, such as Fig. 9 The structure shown.

Claims

1. An excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure, characterized in that: It includes a conductor assembly, a fuse housing assembly, a fuse disconnect assembly, a fuse and a bottom cover; The conductor assembly and the bottom cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the melt housing assembly; The conductor assembly comprises a conductor and an insulating support, wherein the insulating support is located between two ends of the conductor as the connection terminals of the excitation fuse and the area where the conductor needs to be disconnected, and the fuse housing assembly contacts the insulating support; The melt shell assembly comprises a melt shell and a cover, wherein one end of the melt shell is open, the open end of the melt shell is arranged toward the conductor assembly, and the other end is arranged toward the bottom cover, the cover is arranged at the open end of the melt shell, and a cavity is reserved between the cover and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover; through holes penetrating the cover and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover are respectively provided at the bottom of the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover and at the corresponding position of the cover, the through holes on the cover and the melt shell form a displacement channel, and the displacement channel is located in the displacement direction of the impact force received when the conductor is disconnected; the melt disconnection assembly is arranged in the displacement channel, one end of the melt disconnection assembly is in sealing contact with the through hole on the cover forming the displacement channel, and the other end is in sealing contact with the through hole on the melt shell forming the displacement channel; When the cover seals the open end of the melt shell, a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the melt disconnection assembly, the cover and the melt shell; when the cover semi-closes the open end of the melt shell, and the cover is arranged corresponding to the conductor disconnection area and its peripheral area, a sealed arc extinguishing chamber is formed between the conductor assembly, the cover, the melt shell and the melt disconnection assembly, and the arc extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc extinguishing medium; The fuse is disposed in the arc extinguishing medium and passes through the fuse disconnection assembly, and two ends of the fuse are respectively conductively connected to the conductors on both outsides of the conductor disconnection area; In the initial position, the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, or is located at the end surface of the through hole on the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the cover; When the conductor is mechanically disconnected from the area to be disconnected, the driving force for disconnecting the conductor drives the fuse disconnection assembly to move, and after the fuse is disconnected from the position where the fuse passes through the outer side of the fuse disconnection assembly: When the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection assembly is located in the arc extinguishing medium, when the melt disconnection assembly moves to the end position, the melt disconnection assembly with the disconnected melt portion is located in the arc extinguishing medium or in the through hole on one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover; When the melt passes through the position of the outer side surface of the melt disconnection component and contacts the end surface of the through hole on the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover facing the cover, during the process of the melt disconnection component moving to the terminal position, the melt disconnection component with the disconnected melt part is located in the through hole at the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover.

2. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boss is arranged at the end surface of one end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover, and the boss is arranged toward the cover; a gap is reserved between the boss and the cover; through holes penetrating the cover, the boss and the end of the melt shell facing the bottom cover are respectively opened on the boss of the melt shell and at the corresponding position of the cover to form the displacement channel; in the initial position, the position where the melt passes through the outer side surface of the melt disconnection component is located in the arc extinguishing medium between the boss and the cover, or is located at the end surface of the boss of the melt shell facing the cover.

3. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first positioning structure is arranged between the contact surface of the conductor assembly and the melt shell; when the cover half-closes the open end of the melt shell, the contact surface of the conductor assembly and the cover is positioned by a second positioning structure.

4. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The melt disconnection assembly includes a push rod and a guide rod that are tightly nested, one end of the push rod is in contact with the displacement channel located at the cover, one end of the guide rod is in contact with the displacement channel located on the melt shell, and the other ends of the push rod and the guide rod located in the melt shell assembly are tightly nested and connected; a soft material layer or at least one circle of sealing ridges is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod in contact with the displacement channel, and the ridges or the soft material layer on the push rod are in contact with the through holes on the cover to form a sealed contact; the melt passes through the nesting of the push rod and the guide rod.

5. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the position where the melt passes through the outer side of the melt disconnection component is located in the arc extinguishing medium, an arc-isolating ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the portion of the guide rod in contact with the arc extinguishing medium, and the arc-isolating ring is integrally connected to or in close contact with the guide rod. When the melt disconnection component is displaced, the arc-isolating ring integrally connected to the guide rod can be disconnected from the connection with the guide rod; the arc-isolating ring is supported by the arc extinguishing medium or by the boss on the melt shell; when the melt disconnection component is displaced, the melt disconnection component is displaced relative to the arc-isolating ring and during the entire process of displacement, the arc-isolating ring is clamped on the outer circumference of the melt disconnection component; The displacement path of the disconnected part of the melt clamped between the push rod and the guide rod is: from the arc extinguishing medium into the arc isolating ring and then into the arc extinguishing medium; or, from the arc extinguishing medium into the arc isolating ring and then into the arc extinguishing medium, and finally into the through hole in the melt shell; or, from the arc extinguishing medium into the arc isolating ring and finally into the through hole in the melt shell.

6. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A disconnection weak point that reduces the mechanical strength is provided at the connection between the arc isolation ring and the guide rod, and through holes are respectively opened at the connection between the arc isolation ring and the guide rod on the opposite sides of the guide rod through which the melt has not passed; an insulating rod is fixedly provided at the end surface position of the melt shell or the cover corresponding to the through hole of the arc isolation ring, and the insulating rod is inserted into the through hole of the arc isolation ring.

7. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the push rod and the guide rod are nested together and is provided with a protrusion, a step is provided on the periphery of the protrusion, and an end face of one end of the guide rod and the push rod are nested together and is provided with a groove, the protrusion of the push rod is tightly nested in the groove of the guide rod, and the melt passes through the contact surface where the push rod and the guide rod are nested together.

8. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor and the insulating support are integrally formed.

9. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A cavity is provided between the melt shell assembly and the bottom cover, and the displacement channel is communicated with the cavity.

10. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A backing plate is arranged between the bottom cover and the melt housing assembly, and the backing plate is suspended at a position corresponding to the melt disconnection assembly.

11. The excitation fuse arc extinguishing structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The backing plate and the bottom cover are respectively provided with groove structures at positions corresponding to the melt disconnection component, and the opening ends of the groove structures face the melt disconnection component.

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