Tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system

Abstract

The utility model provides a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction. According to the scheme, the tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system comprises a bearing base, pulleys, a draw-out type fan, a press-in type fan, a first telescopic air pipe, a second telescopic air pipe, a first telescopic assembly, a second telescopic assembly and a dust removal assembly. A plurality of pulleys are installed at the bottom end of the bearing base and distributed in a matrix mode. The draw-out type fan is installed on the bearing base, the first telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base, the first air pipe is connected with the draw-out type fan, and the first air pipe is installed on the first telescopic assembly; the press-in type fan is installed on the bearing base, the second telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base, the second air pipe is connected with the press-in type fan, and the second air pipe is installed on the second telescopic assembly; the dust removal assembly is installed on the bearing base. Ventilation and smoke exhaust can be carried out in the tunnel, and the situation that dust is raised in the tunnel and harms the bodies of workers is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid and steady development of my country's economic construction, more and more long-distance tunnels have appeared in engineering construction (such as hydropower, highway and other industries). During the excavation and construction period of these long-distance tunnels using conventional drilling and blasting methods, ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction have always been one of the difficult problems that plague the project. For a long time, in the process of long-distance tunnel excavation, when the excavation working surface is more than 2 kilometers to 1,000 meters away from the tunnel entrance, the problem of excavation ventilation and smoke exhaust is difficult to solve, especially after the excavation and blasting operation, it contains a large amount of toxic and harmful gases and dust such as CO, NO, NO2.

[0003] At present, the traditional ventilation and smoke exhaust methods mainly include extraction type, pressure type and mixed ventilation. Among them, pressure ventilation is a ventilation method that uses local fans to press fresh air into the excavation working face through the wind pipe, and at the same time exhausts the polluted air through the tunnel. However, pressure ventilation will exhaust the polluted air through the tunnel, and the entire tunnel has a process from pollution to cleaning; extraction ventilation is to set the fan near the working face, and exhaust the polluted air, blasting smoke and rock dust at the working face to the outside of the tunnel. The fresh air outside the tunnel is supplemented to the working face through the tunnel, but the fresh air from the outside flows into the working face in the tunnel at a relatively slow speed, so mixed ventilation can now be used in tunnel construction. The mixed ventilation method combines the characteristics of the above two ventilation methods; after blasting, the exhaust fan can be used to exhaust the blasting smoke, rock dust, etc. at the working face to the outside of the tunnel, while the pressure fan installed outside the tunnel can directly send fresh air outside the tunnel to the working face, thereby improving the working environment in the tunnel. However, the output ends of the pressure fan and the exhaust fan should be at a certain distance (preferably not less than 15 meters) to avoid circulating airflow, so that the fresh air pressed into the tunnel is extracted again. Therefore, the fresh air added by the pressure fan will stir up the blasting smoke and rock dust at the working face, and cannot be discharged by the exhaust fan in the first time, which will cause harm to the workers. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system, which can propose solutions to the deficiencies of the existing technology, can ventilate and exhaust smoke in the tunnel, and avoid dust stirred up in the tunnel to cause harm to the workers' bodies.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system comprises a bearing base, a pulley, an exhaust fan, a pressure fan, a retractable first air duct, a retractable second air duct, a first telescopic assembly, a second telescopic assembly and a dust removal assembly; a plurality of pulleys are installed at the bottom end of the bearing base, and the plurality of pulleys are distributed in a matrix; the exhaust fan is installed on the bearing base, the first telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base, the first air duct is connected to the exhaust fan, and the first air duct is installed on the first telescopic assembly; the pressure fan is installed on the bearing base, the second telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base, the second air duct is connected to the pressure fan, and the second air duct is installed on the second telescopic assembly; the dust removal assembly is installed on the bearing base.

[0007] Furthermore, in the utility model, the above-mentioned first telescopic assembly includes a first mounting frame and a plurality of first connecting rods, one end of the first connecting rod is provided with a first connecting groove, the other end of the first connecting rod is provided with a first connecting piece, two adjacent first connecting rods are detachably connected, the first mounting frame is provided with a first connecting groove adapted to the first connecting piece, one side of the first air duct is connected with a first connecting ring, and the first connecting ring is sleeved on the first connecting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of first balls are installed on the inner side wall of the first connecting ring along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of first balls are all matched with the first connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, in the utility model, the above also includes a first limiting rod, the first connecting ring is provided with a first limiting hole, the first connecting rod is axially provided with a plurality of second limiting holes adapted to the first limiting hole, and the first limiting rod can pass through the first limiting hole and any one of the second limiting holes.

[0010] Furthermore, in the utility model, the above-mentioned second telescopic assembly includes a second mounting frame and a plurality of second connecting rods, one end of the second connecting rod is provided with a second connecting groove, the other end of the second connecting rod is provided with a second connecting piece, two adjacent second connecting rods are detachably connected, the second mounting frame is provided with a second connecting groove adapted to the second connecting piece, a second connecting ring is connected to one side of the second air duct, and the second connecting ring is sleeved on the second connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of second balls are installed on the inner side wall of the second connecting ring along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of second balls are all matched with the second connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, in the utility model, the above also includes a second limiting rod, the second connecting ring is provided with a third limiting hole, the second connecting rod is axially provided with a plurality of fourth limiting holes adapted to the third limiting hole, and the second limiting rod can pass through the third limiting hole and any one of the fourth limiting holes.

[0013] Furthermore, in the utility model, the dust removal assembly includes a water tank, a water pipe, a water pump and a spray head. The water tank is installed on the supporting base, the water pump is installed between the water pipe and the water tank, and the end of the water pipe away from the water pump is connected to the spray head.

[0014] The utility model has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0015] The first air duct and the second air duct can be extended and retracted according to the depth of the tunnel and are suitable for different stages of tunnel construction. The exhaust fan can extract the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust from the working face in the tunnel through the first air duct, and the pressure fan can replenish fresh air to the working face in the tunnel through the second air duct. The combination of the pressure fan and the exhaust fan can quickly extract the dust from the working face in the tunnel and replenish it with fresh air. The dust removal component can also remove the dust between the pressure fan and the exhaust fan to reduce harm to the health of the workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first mounting frame according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second mounting frame according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first connecting rod of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the second connecting rod of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first connecting ring and the first connecting rod in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second connecting ring and the second connecting rod in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Markings in the figure: 1-bearing base, 2-pulley, 3-extraction fan, 4-first air duct, 5-first mounting frame, 6-first connecting rod, 7-first connecting ring, 8-pressed fan, 9-second mounting frame, 10-second air duct, 11-second connecting rod, 12-second connecting ring, 13-water tank, 14-water pump, 15-water pipe, 16-spray head, 17-first connecting groove, 18-second connecting groove, 19-first connecting piece, 20-second connecting piece, 21-first ball, 22-second ball, 23-first limiting hole, 24-first limiting rod, 25-second limiting hole, 26-third limiting hole, 27-second limiting rod, 28-fourth limiting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Example

[0028] The present embodiment provides a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system, comprising a bearing base 1, a pulley 2, an exhaust fan 3, a pressure fan 8, a retractable first air duct 4, a retractable second air duct 10, a first telescopic assembly, a second telescopic assembly and a dust removal assembly; a plurality of pulleys 2 are installed at the bottom end of the bearing base 1, and the plurality of pulleys 2 are distributed in a matrix; the exhaust fan 3 is installed on the bearing base 1, the first telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base 1, the first air duct 4 is connected to the exhaust fan 3, and the first air duct 4 is installed on the first telescopic assembly; the pressure fan 8 is installed on the bearing base 1, the second telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base 1, the second air duct 10 is connected to the pressure fan 8, and the second air duct 10 is installed on the second telescopic assembly; the dust removal assembly is installed on the bearing base 1.

[0029] In the above-mentioned implementation mode, ventilation and smoke exhaust play a very important role in the construction process of underground tunnels, especially in long-distance tunnels. Since the tunnel distance is long, ventilation and smoke exhaust are relatively slow, which will greatly affect the construction of the tunnel and the safety of personnel. Good ventilation and smoke exhaust technology is one of the important guarantees to ensure the safe construction of the tunnel. In the present application, four universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the bearing base 1. The bearing base 1 can be moved by the four universal wheels. The exhaust fan 3 is installed on the bearing base 1. The output end of the exhaust fan 3 is connected to the first air duct 4. The first air duct 4 can extend into the working surface in the tunnel. The exhaust fan 3 can exhaust the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust on the above-mentioned working surface to the outside of the tunnel through the first air duct 4. The fresh air outside the tunnel is supplemented to the working surface through the tunnel. The first air duct 4 is installed on the first telescopic component. The first telescopic component can drive the first air duct 4 to telescope, which is suitable for tunnels of different depths. tunnel; a forced-in fan 8 is mounted on the bearing base 1, and an output end of the forced-in fan 8 is connected to a second air duct 10, which can extend into the working surface in the tunnel. The forced-in fan 8 can supply fresh air to the working surface, and exhaust the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust at the working place out of the tunnel. The second air duct 10 is mounted on a second telescopic component, which can drive the second air duct 10 to telescope and is suitable for tunnels of different depths; a dust removal component is mounted on the bearing base 1, and the dust removal component can eliminate the dust stirred up in the tunnel to reduce the harm of dust to the workers. Specifically, during the construction of the tunnel, as the depth of the tunnel increases, the staff needs to move the positions of the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 at any time so that the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 can extend to the working surface, wherein the exhaust fan 3 is connected to the first air duct 4, the exhaust fan 3 can extract the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust from the working surface, and replenish the fresh air from the outside into the working surface in the tunnel, the pressure fan 8 is connected to the second air duct 10, the pressure fan 8 can replenish the fresh air from the outside into the working surface, the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust in the tunnel are pressed out of the tunnel, the distance between the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 at the working place cannot be less than 15 meters, to prevent the fresh air replenished by the second air duct 10 to the working place from being extracted by the first air duct 4, the dust removal component can work on the working surface to eliminate the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust stirred up by the second air duct 10.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 can be extended and retracted according to the depth of the tunnel, and are suitable for different stages of tunnel construction. The exhaust fan 3 can extract the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust from the working surface in the tunnel through the first air duct 4, and the pressure fan 8 can replenish fresh air to the working surface in the tunnel through the second air duct 10. The pressure fan 8 combined with the exhaust fan 3 can quickly extract the dust from the working surface in the tunnel and replenish it with fresh air. In addition, the dust removal component can also remove the dust between the pressure fan 8 and the exhaust fan 3, thereby reducing harm to the health of the workers.

[0031] Furthermore, in the utility model, the first telescopic assembly includes a first mounting frame 5 and a plurality of first connecting rods 6, a first connecting groove 17 is provided at one end of the first connecting rod 6, a first connecting piece 19 is provided at the other end of the first connecting rod 6, two adjacent first connecting rods 6 are detachably connected, the first mounting frame 5 is provided with a first connecting groove 17 adapted to the first connecting piece 19, a first connecting ring 7 is connected to one side of the first air duct 4, and the first connecting ring 7 is sleeved on the first connecting rod 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first mounting frame 5 is installed on the supporting base 1, and the first connecting piece 19 of the first connecting rod 6 can be inserted into the first connecting groove 17 of the first mounting frame 5 (the first connecting piece 19 is threadedly matched with the first connecting groove 17). When two adjacent first connecting rods 6 are matched, the first connecting piece 19 of the first first connecting rod 6 is matched with the first connecting groove 17 of the other first connecting rod 6 to realize the connection or disassembly of the two adjacent first connecting rods 6. The staff can install different numbers of first connecting rods 6 according to the depth of the tunnel so that the first connecting rods 6 can extend to the working surface in the tunnel. One end of the first air duct 4 is connected to the exhaust fan, and the other end of the first air duct 4 is connected to the first connecting ring 7. The first air duct 4 can also be extended or shortened according to the depth of the tunnel, and then the first connecting ring 7 is sleeved on the corresponding first connecting rod 6 to realize its own fixation.

[0033] Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of first balls 21 are installed along the circumferential direction on the inner side wall of the first connecting ring 7 , and the plurality of first balls 21 are all matched with the first connecting rod 6 .

[0034] In this embodiment, a plurality of first balls 21 are installed on the inner side wall of the first connecting ring 7 , so that the first connecting ring 7 and the first connecting rod 6 can slide relative to each other more smoothly, thus avoiding the first connecting ring 7 and the first connecting rod 6 from getting stuck.

[0035] Furthermore, in the utility model, it also includes a first limiting rod 24, the first connecting ring 7 is provided with a first limiting hole 23, the first connecting rod 6 is axially provided with a plurality of second limiting holes 25 adapted to the first limiting hole 23, and the first limiting rod 24 can pass through the first limiting hole 23 and any one of the second limiting holes 25.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first connecting ring 7 can slide along the first connecting rod 6, thereby driving the first air duct 4 to extend to a preset position. When the first air duct 4 is extended to the preset position, the first limiting rod 24 is inserted into the first limiting hole 23 and the corresponding second limiting hole 25 to limit the first connecting ring 7.

[0037] Furthermore, in the utility model, the second telescopic assembly includes a second mounting frame 9 and a plurality of second connecting rods 11, one end of the second connecting rod 11 is provided with a second connecting groove 18, the other end of the second connecting rod 11 is provided with a second connecting piece 20, two adjacent second connecting rods 11 are detachably connected, the second mounting frame 9 is provided with a second connecting groove 18 adapted to the second connecting piece 20, one side of the second air duct 10 is connected to a second connecting ring 12, and the second connecting ring 12 is sleeved on the second connecting rod 11.

[0038] In this embodiment, the second mounting frame 9 is installed on the supporting base 1, and the second connecting piece 20 of the second connecting rod 11 can be inserted into the second connecting groove 18 of the second mounting frame 9 (the second connecting piece 20 is threadedly matched with the second connecting groove 18). When two adjacent second connecting rods 11 are matched, the second connecting piece 20 of the first second connecting rod 11 is matched with the second connecting groove 18 of the other second connecting rod 11 to realize the connection or disassembly of the two adjacent second connecting rods 11. The staff can install different numbers of second connecting rods 11 according to the depth of the tunnel so that the second connecting rods 11 can extend to the working surface in the tunnel. One end of the second air duct 10 is connected to the push-in fan 8, and the other end of the second air duct 10 is connected to the second connecting ring 12. The second air duct 10 can also be extended or shortened according to the depth of the tunnel, and then the second connecting ring 12 is sleeved on the corresponding second connecting rod 11 to realize its own fixation.

[0039] Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of second balls 22 are installed along the circumferential direction on the inner side wall of the second connecting ring 12 , and the plurality of second balls 22 are all matched with the second connecting rod 11 .

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of second balls 22 are installed on the inner side wall of the second connecting ring 12 , so that the second connecting ring 12 and the second connecting rod 11 can slide relatively more smoothly, thus avoiding the second connecting ring 12 and the second connecting rod 11 from getting stuck.

[0041] Furthermore, in the utility model, it also includes a second limiting rod 27, the second connecting ring 12 is provided with a third limiting hole 26, the second connecting rod 11 is axially provided with a plurality of fourth limiting holes 28 adapted to the third limiting hole 26, and the second limiting rod 27 can pass through the third limiting hole 26 and any one of the fourth limiting holes 28.

[0042] In this embodiment, the second connecting ring 12 can slide along the second connecting rod 11, thereby driving the second air duct 10 to extend to a preset position. When the second air duct 10 is extended to the preset position, the second limiting rod 27 is inserted into the third limiting hole 26 and the corresponding fourth limiting hole 28 to limit the second connecting ring 12.

[0043] Furthermore, in the utility model, the dust removal assembly includes a water tank 13, a water pipe 15, a water pump 14 and a spray head 16. The water tank 13 is installed on the supporting base 1, the water pump 14 is installed between the water pipe 15 and the water tank 13, and the end of the water pipe 15 away from the water pump 14 is connected to the spray head 16.

[0044] In this embodiment, the staff can control the start and stop of the water pump 14 to extract the water in the water tank 13. The water in the water tank 13 is sprayed to the working surface in the tunnel through the water pipe 15, thereby reducing the dust in the air. In addition, the spray head 16 can spray the water more dispersedly to improve the efficiency of removing dust.

[0045] In summary, an embodiment of the utility model provides a tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system, comprising a bearing base 1, a pulley 2, an exhaust fan 3, a pressure fan 8, a retractable first air duct 4, a retractable second air duct 10, a first telescopic assembly, a second telescopic assembly and a dust removal assembly; a plurality of pulleys 2 are installed at the bottom end of the bearing base 1, and the plurality of pulleys 2 are distributed in a matrix; the exhaust fan 3 is installed on the bearing base 1, the first telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base 1, the first air duct 4 is connected to the exhaust fan 3, and the first air duct 4 is installed on the first telescopic assembly; the pressure fan 8 is installed on the bearing base 1, the second telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base 1, the second air duct 10 is connected to the pressure fan 8, and the second air duct 10 is installed on the second telescopic assembly; the dust removal assembly is installed on the bearing base 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first air duct 4 and the second air duct 10 can be extended and retracted according to the depth of the tunnel, and are suitable for different stages of tunnel construction. The exhaust fan 3 can extract the dirty air, blasting smoke and rock dust from the working surface in the tunnel through the first air duct 4, and the pressure fan 8 can replenish fresh air to the working surface in the tunnel through the second air duct 10. The pressure fan 8 combined with the exhaust fan 3 can quickly extract the dust from the working surface in the tunnel and replenish it with fresh air. In addition, the dust removal component can also remove the dust between the pressure fan 8 and the exhaust fan 3, thereby reducing harm to the health of the workers.

[0047] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system, characterized in that: It includes a bearing base, a pulley, an exhaust fan, a push-in fan, a retractable first air duct, a retractable second air duct, a first retractable assembly, a second retractable assembly and a dust removal assembly; A plurality of pulleys are installed at the bottom end of the bearing base, and the plurality of pulleys are distributed in a matrix; The exhaust fan is installed on the bearing base, the first telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base, the first air duct is connected to the exhaust fan, and the first air duct is installed on the first telescopic assembly; The push-in fan is installed on the bearing base, the second telescopic assembly is installed on the bearing base, the second air duct is connected to the push-in fan, and the second air duct is installed on the second telescopic assembly; The dust removal assembly is installed on the bearing base.

2. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first telescopic assembly includes a first mounting frame and a plurality of first connecting rods, one end of the first connecting rod is provided with a first connecting groove, the other end of the first connecting rod is provided with a first connecting piece, two adjacent first connecting rods are detachably connected, the first mounting frame is provided with a first connecting groove adapted to the first connecting piece, one side of the first air duct is connected to a first connecting ring, and the first connecting ring is sleeved on the first connecting rod.

3. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first balls are circumferentially mounted on the inner side wall of the first connecting ring, and the plurality of first balls are all matched with the first connecting rod.

4. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a first limiting rod, the first connecting ring is provided with a first limiting hole, the first connecting rod is axially provided with a plurality of second limiting holes adapted to the first limiting hole, and the first limiting rod can pass through the first limiting hole and any one of the second limiting holes.

5. The tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second telescopic assembly includes a second mounting frame and a plurality of second connecting rods, one end of the second connecting rod is provided with a second connecting groove, the other end of the second connecting rod is provided with a second connecting piece, two adjacent second connecting rods are detachably connected, the second mounting frame is provided with a second connecting groove adapted to the second connecting piece, a second connecting ring is connected to one side of the second air duct, and the second connecting ring is sleeved on the second connecting rod.

6. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of second balls are circumferentially mounted on the inner side wall of the second connecting ring, and the plurality of second balls are all matched with the second connecting rod.

7. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a second limiting rod, the second connecting ring is provided with a third limiting hole, the second connecting rod is axially provided with a plurality of fourth limiting holes adapted to the third limiting hole, and the second limiting rod can pass through the third limiting hole and any one of the fourth limiting holes.

8. A tunnel ventilation, smoke exhaust and dust reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal assembly includes a water tank, a water pipe, a water pump and a spray head. The water tank is installed on the supporting base, the water pump is installed between the water pipe and the water tank, and one end of the water pipe away from the water pump is connected to the spray head.

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