Experiment loading device with three-dimensional adjustable loading point

Abstract

The utility model discloses an experiment loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points. The experiment loading device comprises a load frame, a test bed, a lifting device, a linear guide rail system I and a linear guide rail system II, the loading frame comprises a stand column, a cross beam and a loading main beam, and three-dimensional flexible and efficient adjustment of a loading point in the vertical direction and in a plane is achieved by arranging a lifting device, a first linear guide rail system and a second linear guide rail system. The problem of difficulty in adapting to various-scale scaffold tests is solved, and the universality and efficiency of the loading test are improved. According to the device, the limitation of the test space of a traditional loading device is overcome, even a large formwork support system can be tested without depending on a reduced scale model, the test result can better represent the actual working condition, and the authenticity and scientificity of simulation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of civil engineering experiments, and particularly relates to an experimental loading device with three-dimensional adjustable loading points. Background Art

[0002] The formwork support plays a crucial role in building construction. As a temporary support structure, it undertakes the weight of newly poured concrete and the important task of ensuring construction safety. It not only concerns construction efficiency but also serves as the cornerstone for the safety of construction personnel's lives and property. With the increasing complexity of building scales, the requirements for formwork supports have also been upgraded, expanding from simple support functions to those with high load-bearing capacity, stability, etc.

[0003] Therefore, it is crucial to conduct static tests and performance studies on formwork supports. Through static load tests, it can directly verify whether the support design meets the expected bearing capacity requirements, prevent collapse accidents, and ensure construction safety. Further, comparing the test data with theoretical calculation models, such as finite element analysis, provides a precise quantification tool for understanding the behavior of complex structures and helps predict responses under extreme conditions, such as non-linear bearing capacity and stability. This helps to confirm the rationality of design specifications and guide practical engineering applications. In short, static tests and analysis are not only the key to verifying the safety of formwork supports but also the driving force for technological progress.

[0004] Currently, the static tests of formwork supports mainly adopt two methods: the load stacking test and the hydraulic loading test.

[0005] The load stacking test applies loads by stacking physical objects such as sandbags and bricks on the support to simulate the weight of concrete. This method is intuitive but time-consuming and laborious, with difficult accurate estimation of the load weight, poor adaptability to different spans, step distances, and load forms, and it is difficult to simulate complex working conditions.

[0006] Hydraulic loading applies loads through hydraulic jacks or systems, which can achieve precise load control. However, the test space is often small, making it difficult to conduct tests on formwork supports with multiple spans and step distances, and the positioning and adjustment of loading points in the plane and the vertical direction are complex.

[0007] Therefore, this application proposes an experimental loading device with three-dimensional adjustable loading points to solve the above deficiencies. Summary of the Utility Model

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to provide an experimental loading device with three-dimensional adjustable loading points to improve the flexibility, accuracy, and efficiency of the static test of formwork supports.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points, comprising a test bench and a load frame mounted on the test bench, wherein the load frame comprises a column arranged in the "Z" direction, a crossbeam arranged in the "Y" direction, and a loading main beam arranged in the "X" direction, and a loading jack is arranged on the loading main beam;

[0011] The bottom of the crossbeam is provided with a lifting device capable of adjusting the "Z" axis direction of the loading jack, the top of the crossbeam is provided with a linear guide rail system 1 capable of adjusting the "Y" axis direction of the loading jack, and the top of the loading main beam is provided with a linear guide rail system 2 capable of adjusting the "X" axis direction of the loading jack.

[0012] This application sets columns, beams and loading main beams, and realizes three-dimensional flexible and efficient adjustment of the loading point in the vertical direction and plane by setting a lifting device, a linear guide system 1 and a linear guide system 2, solving the problem that traditional loading devices are difficult to adapt to scaffolding tests of various scales due to their fixed design or limited adjustment capabilities, and improving the versatility and efficiency of loading tests; the scope of the test space of this application is improved, and even large-scale formwork support systems can be tested, no longer relying on scaled models, and the test results can better represent the actual working conditions, improving the authenticity and scientificity of the simulation.

[0013] As a further solution of the utility model: the lifting devices are the same in number as the columns and are arranged on one side of the columns, and the two lifting devices are used to support the same beam.

[0014] As a further solution of the utility model: the lifting device includes a lifting device body, a lifting column and a lifting end flange, wherein the bottom of the lifting column is fixed on the test bench through the lifting device body, and the top of the lifting column is connected to the corresponding crossbeam through the lifting end flange.

[0015] As a further solution of the utility model: the cross beam and the loading main beam both adopt a box-section structure.

[0016] As a further solution of the utility model: the column is made of H-shaped steel.

[0017] As a further solution of the utility model: each end of the crossbeam and the upper and lower flanges are provided with a crossbeam end plate protruding outward, and the crossbeam end plate is detachably connected to the corresponding column.

[0018] As a further solution of the utility model: a lifting butt joint plate is also provided on the outer flange of the cross beam near the two end positions, and the lifting butt joint plate is connected to the lifting device.

[0019] As a further solution of the utility model: a plurality of stiffening ribs are evenly spaced on the columns, the cross beams and the loading main beams. ​

[0020] As a further solution of the utility model: the tops of both ends of the loading main beam are slidably connected to the cross beam through suspension plates, and the top of the loading jack is also slidably connected to the loading main beam through a suspension plate. The suspension plates at both places have the same structure.

[0021] As a further solution of the utility model: the suspension plate includes a suspension screw and a suspension top plate. The suspension top plate is installed above the linear guide system one or the linear guide system two, and both sides of the suspension top plate are connected to the loading main beam or the loading jack through suspension screws.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0023] First of all, the range of the test space of this application is improved. Even for large formwork support systems, tests can be carried out without relying on scale models. The test results can better represent the actual working conditions, improving the authenticity and scientific nature of the simulation.

[0024] Secondly, this application realizes the three-dimensional flexible and efficient adjustment of the loading point in the vertical direction and the plane, solving the problem that traditional loading devices are difficult to adapt to diverse-scale scaffolding tests due to their fixed design or limited adjustment ability, and improving the versatility and efficiency of the loading test.

[0025] Finally, through precise loading point positioning, this application can ensure that the load is applied more evenly and reasonably, avoiding misjudgment caused by uneven loading, improving the accuracy of simulating the actual working conditions, and being beneficial to more accurately evaluating the bearing capacity and safety performance of the support. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental loading device with three-dimensional adjustable loading points according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is an embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 Side view;

[0028] Figure 3 It is an integrated schematic diagram of the connection and auxiliary equipment of the column, cross beam and loading main beam according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Description of the reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Load rack; 11. Column; 12. Cross beam; 121. Cross beam end plate; 122. Jacking docking plate; 13. Loading main beam;

[0031] 2. Test bench;

[0032] 3. Lifting device; 31. Lifting device body; 32. Lifting column body; 33. Lifting end flange;

[0033] 4. Linear guide system I;

[0034] 5. Suspension plate; 51. Suspension screw; 52. Suspension ceiling plate;

[0035] 6. Linear guide system II;

[0036] 7. Loading jack. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] For the purpose of making the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a loading device for static testing of a formwork support, comprising a load rack 1, a test bench 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a linear guide system I 4, a suspension plate 5, a linear guide system II 6 and a loading jack 7. Among them, the test bench 2 is located at the bottommost, and the load rack 1 is installed above the test bench 2.

[0039] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the load rack 1 includes columns 11, cross beams 12 and loading main beams 13 arranged in a rectangular array. Bolt holes are equally spaced on the flanges of the columns 11, and bolt holes matching them are also equally spaced on the end plates at both ends of the cross beams 12. The columns 11 and the cross beams 12 are tightly connected by bearing-type high-strength bolts. Bolt holes matching each other are equally spaced between the lower flange of the cross beam 12 and the upper flange of the loading main beam 13, and they are tightly connected by bearing-type high-strength bolts.

[0040] Furthermore, in order to enable the flexible adjustment of the loading main beam 13 and the loading jack 7 in the height direction, i.e., the "Z" axis direction, to adapt to formwork supports with different requirements, lifting butt plates 121 protruding outward are provided at both ends of the cross beam 12. The bottom of the lifting device body 31 is fixed on the test bench 2, and the top of the lifting column 32 is equipped with a lifting end flange 33. The lifting end flange 33 is fixedly connected to the lifting butt plate 122 by bolts. When the height of the loading main beam 13 needs to be adjusted up and down, the connecting bolts between the column 11 and the cross beam 12 are removed, and the lifting device 3 is started, thereby driving the cross beam 12 and the loading main beam 13 suspended below the cross beam 12 to rise or fall until the specified position is reached. Finally, the column 11 and the cross beam 12 are fastened together again by bolts. By adopting the above technical solution, the loading point can be continuously lifted and lowered within a large range and accurately positioned, meeting the loading requirements of formwork supports with different steps.

[0041] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in order to enable the loading jack 7 to be flexibly adjusted in the plane, a linear guide system 4 is installed on the upper flange of the cross beam 12. Suspension plates 5 are installed at both ends of the loading main beam 13. The suspension plate 5 includes a suspension top plate 52 and a suspension screw 51. Bolt holes are provided at both ends of the loading main beam 13, and the suspension screw 51 passes through the bolt holes at both ends and is connected to the loading main beam 13. The suspension top plate 52 is fixedly connected to the slider provided on the linear guide system 4;

[0042] The linear guide system 4 can adopt a ball screw. The screw is installed on the top of the cross beam 12, the nut is connected to the slider above, and the slider is connected to the suspension top plate 52. Therefore, when the screw rotates, it will drive the nut and the slider to drive the suspension top plate 52 to move along the axis direction of the cross beam 12. Since the ball screw belongs to the conventional design in the field, no detailed description will be given.

[0043] Therefore, when the loading main beam 13 needs to be adjusted left and right, that is, to adjust the position of the loading main beam 13 and the loading jack 7 in the "Y" axis direction, first remove the connecting bolts between the cross beam 12 and the loading main beam 13, start the linear guide system 4, and the slider will move along the preset direction. The loading main beam 13 can be driven to move along the axis direction of the cross beam 12 through the suspension plate 5 until the specified position is reached. Finally, the cross beam 12 and the loading main beam 13 are fastened together again by bolts.

[0044] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a linear guide system 6 is installed on the upper flange of the loading main beam 13. A suspension plate 5 is installed at the end of the loading jack 7. The structure of the suspension plate 5 is the same as above. Here, the suspension top plate 52 is fixedly connected to the slider on the linear guide system 6;

[0045] The linear guide system II 6 can adopt a ball screw. The screw is installed on the top of the loading main beam 13, and a nut is connected above the slider. The slider is connected to the suspended ceiling plate 52 here. Therefore, when the screw rotates, it will drive the nut and the slider to drive the suspended ceiling plate 52 here to move along the axis direction of the loading main beam 13. Since the ball screw belongs to the conventional design in the field, no detailed description will be given.

[0046] When the loading jack 7 needs to adjust its position along the axis direction of the loading main beam 13, that is, the "X" axis direction, first remove the connecting bolts between the loading jack 7 and the loading main beam 13, start the linear guide system II 6, and the slider will move along the preset direction. The loading jack 7 can be driven to move along the axis direction of the loading main beam 13 through the suspension plate until the specified position is reached. Finally, the loading jack 7 and the loading main beam 13 are fastened together again by bolts. By adopting the above technical solution, the loading jack 7 can move flexibly along the axis direction of the loading main beam 13 in the plane.

[0047] The working principle of this application is as follows:

[0048] When this application is in use, the formwork support to be subjected to the static test is placed below the loading jack 7. After the position of the loading jack 7 is adjusted three-dimensionally through the lifting mechanism 3, the linear guide system I 4 and the linear guide system II 6, and finally stop after determining the required loading points, and then the loading jack 7 applies a load to the formwork support below to conduct a static test and performance research on it.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points, characterized in that: It comprises a test bench seat (2) and a load frame (1) installed on the test bench seat (2), wherein the load frame (1) comprises a column (11) arranged in the "Z" direction, a cross beam (12) arranged in the "Y" direction, and a loading main beam (13) arranged in the "X" direction, and a loading jack (7) is arranged on the loading main beam (13); A lifting device (3) capable of adjusting the "Z" axis direction of the loading jack (7) is provided at the bottom of the crossbeam (12), a linear guide rail system (4) capable of adjusting the "Y" axis direction of the loading jack (7) is provided above the crossbeam (12), and a linear guide rail system (6) capable of adjusting the "X" axis direction of the loading jack (7) is provided above the loading main beam (13).

2. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting devices (3) are the same in number as the columns (11) and are arranged on one side of the columns (11). The two lifting devices (3) are used to support the same crossbeam (12).

3. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting device (3) comprises a lifting device body (31), a lifting column (32) and a lifting end flange (33), wherein the bottom of the lifting column (32) is fixed on the test bench (2) through the lifting device body (31), and the top of the lifting column (32) is connected to the corresponding crossbeam (12) through the lifting end flange (33).

4. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross beam (12) and the loading main beam (13) both adopt a box-section structure.

5. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upright column (11) is made of H-shaped steel.

6. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each end of the cross beam (12) and the upper and lower flanges are provided with a cross beam end plate (121) protruding outwards, and the cross beam end plate (121) is detachably connected to the corresponding column (11).

7. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lifting and docking plate (122) is also provided on the outer flange of the cross beam (12) and near the two end positions, and the lifting and docking plate (122) is connected to the lifting device (3).

8. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of stiffening ribs are equidistantly arranged on the upright column (11), the cross beam (12) and the loading main beam (13).

9. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of both ends of the loading main beam (13) are slidably connected to the cross beam (12) via suspension plates (5), and the tops of the loading jacks (7) are also slidably connected to the loading main beam (13) via suspension plates (5), and the suspension plates (5) at the two locations have the same structure.

10. The experimental loading device with three-dimensionally adjustable loading points according to claim 9, characterized in that: The suspension plate (5) comprises a suspension screw (51) and a suspension top plate (52), wherein the suspension top plate (52) is installed above the linear guide rail system 1 (4) or the linear guide rail system 2 (6), and both sides of the suspension top plate (52) are connected to the loading main beam (13) or the loading jack (7) through the suspension screw (51).

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