Multi-channel traction device
By designing a multi-channel retractor, the brain damage and fuzzy surgical field problems caused by traditional retractors are solved, and independent channels between the devices are realized, which facilitates both hands and adjustable operating cavity, reducing surgical risks and costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421691447.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-17
AI Technical Summary
The traditional brain pressure plate has sharp edges, long-term pulling and inconsistent force control may lead to excessive pulling and brain damage problems. Endoscopic surgery requires water as a medium for imaging, but the turbidity of cerebrospinal fluid caused by bleeding makes the surgical field blurred. In traditional craniotomy surgery, the endoscopic device and flushing device must be operated through a single cavity channel of the tubular retractor, which may interfere with each other.
A multi-channel retractor is designed, and three-chamber channels are set up: the spectral cavity, the injection cavity, and the operation cavity, which are respectively for the spectral cavity, the potion, the cleaning water, and the surgical instrument to avoid interference between the components and facilitate the operator to operate with both hands. The cross-sectional size of the operating cavity is adjustable, and the operating cavity is expanded outwardly through the adjustment component to meet the needs of surgical channels of different sizes.
Through the multi-channel design, the instruments are avoided interfering with each other, which facilitates both hands to operate, reduces the craniotomy range, improves the clarity of the surgical field, reduces the damage to brain tissue, and the adjustability of the operating cavity reduces the surgical steps and costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222899184U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a multi-channel retractor. Background Art
[0002] During surgery (including hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, intracranial aneurysm, pituitary tumor biopsy, etc.), after accurately determining the cell lesion target point through a navigation or imaging system, a brain spatula or a tubular brain tissue retractor is required to provide the best surgical field exposure for the surgeon. However, the edge of the traditional brain spatula is sharp, and excessive retraction caused by long-term retraction and inconsistent force control may lead to brain injury problems. The tubular tissue retractor can reach the lesion through the vertical surgical field at the shortest distance, minimize the retraction of brain tissue, and avoid passing through important structures. The tubular retractor can continuously and slowly expand the brain tissue in an arc to establish a surgical channel and provide surgical field exposure. The tubular retractor can use a microscope or an endoscope as an observation device for surgery. The microscope does not occupy the space of the working channel, but can only observe linearly, with a limited observation range, and a larger-sized tubular retractor is required for microscopic observation. When the tubular brain tissue retractor is used in combination with a neuroendoscope, operations in dead angles that are difficult to detect during the operation can be completed, avoiding missing lesions, while reducing the retraction of brain tissue, reducing the craniotomy range, and avoiding excessive exposure of the surgical field. However, the doctor often needs to hold the endoscope in one hand and operate the surgical instrument in the other hand, unable to perform two-handed operation of the surgical instrument and unable to complete complex and delicate surgical operations.
[0003] Considering that endoscopic surgery requires water as a medium for imaging, and the turbidity of cerebrospinal fluid caused by bleeding makes the surgical field unclear, a flushing device is also required. However, in current traditional craniotomy surgeries, the endoscopic device and the flushing device both need to be operated through the single-lumen channel of the tubular retractor, which may cause interference between instruments, and the surgical operation space is small. Other retractors cannot be used, and only brain cotton can be used as an auxiliary retraction system. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] Aiming at the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-channel retractor, which is provided with three lumen channels: an endoscope lumen, an injection lumen, and an operation lumen, for an endoscope, a medicine or cleaning water, and a surgical instrument to pass through respectively, avoiding interference between components and facilitating two-handed operation by the surgeon; the endoscope lumen is separately set, with a wide visual range, reducing the craniotomy range, quickly finding the lesion location and avoiding missing lesions; the injection lumen is separately set, which can provide a clearer surgical field. The cross-sectional size of the operation lumen is adjustable, and the operation lumen is expanded outward through an adjusting component. During the operation, it is not necessary to replace the retractor of different sizes, reducing the surgical operation steps. After puncturing to reach the lesion location, the operation lumen can be uniformly expanded outward through the adjusting component, reducing human tissue damage.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:
[0006] A multi-channel retractor, comprising a tubular part, in which at least three independent and non-connected channels are provided. The channels in the tubular part at least include an endoscope cavity for an endoscope to pass through, an injection cavity for medicine or cleaning water to pass through, and an operation cavity for surgical instruments to pass through. The sizes of the injection cavity and the endoscope cavity are fixed, and the cross-sectional size of the operation cavity is adjustable.
[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
[0008] The wall surface of the operation cavity includes a protective film, and the cross-sectional size of the operation cavity is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the protective film in the wall surface of the operation cavity.
[0009] The operation cavity is surrounded by a sliding plate, a main board and a protective film. The endoscope cavity and the injection cavity are through holes of tubular components connected to the main board.
[0010] The retractor further includes a buckle plate. The buckle plate and the sliding plate can be spliced into a tubular structure. The main board is located in the tubular structure. The buckle plate and the main board are relatively fixed, and the sliding plate and the main board can move relative to each other. There are two protective films. The main board, the protective film and the buckle plate can be sequentially contacted and fitted. The two protective films are respectively connected to both ends in the circumferential direction of the sliding plate. One end of the protective film is connected to the sliding plate, and the other end is slidably arranged in the gap between the main board and the buckle plate.
[0011] The protective film is elastic and can be stretched and contracted. One end of the protective film is connected to one end of the sliding plate, and the other end is connected to the other end of the sliding plate after bypassing the convex side of the main board.
[0012] The retractor further includes an adjustment assembly, and the adjustment assembly is connected to and transmits driving force to the sliding plate and / or the main board to drive the sliding plate and the main board to move away from or close to each other.
[0013] The retractor further includes a main board seat and a sliding plate seat. The upper end of the main board is connected to the main board seat and the lower end extends. The upper end of the sliding plate is connected to the sliding plate seat and the lower end extends. The adjustment assembly is installed on the main board seat and the sliding plate seat.
[0014] An injection joint and an endoscope joint are provided on the main board seat. The injection joint is communicated with the injection cavity. An operator can inject medicine or cleaning water into the injection cavity through the injection joint. The endoscope joint is used to connect the endoscope in the endoscope cavity with an external device.
[0015] The adjusting component is a gear-rack transmission structure, a parallel sliding structure or a screw transmission structure. The gear-rack transmission structure drives the relative movement of the main board seat and the sliding board seat through the meshing of a gear and a rack. The screw transmission structure drives the relative movement of the main board seat and the sliding board seat by rotating a bolt into different depths of a screw hole and locking it. The parallel sliding structure realizes the relative movement and fixation of the main board seat and the sliding board seat by setting the main board seat and the sliding board seat as a structure meshed by teeth and tooth grooves.
[0016] The maximum diameter of the endoscope cavity through which an endoscope can pass is set to be 1 mm to 5 mm, and the aperture of the injection cavity is 0.1 mm to 5 mm.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0018] (1) Three cavity channels are provided: an endoscope cavity, an injection cavity, and an operation cavity, through which an endoscope, medicine or cleaning water, and surgical instruments pass respectively, avoiding interference between components and facilitating the operation of both hands of the surgeon; the endoscope cavity is separately provided, with a wide visual range, reducing the craniotomy range, quickly finding the lesion location and avoiding missing lesions; the injection cavity is separately provided, which can provide a clearer surgical field.
[0019] (2) The cross-sectional size of the operation cavity is adjustable. The operation cavity is expanded outward through the adjusting component. On the one hand, multiple size conversions can be achieved through one device, avoiding the need to replace tubular retractors of different sizes during the operation, that is, there is no need to replace the retractors of different sizes during the operation, saving costs and reducing surgical operation steps; on the other hand, during the operation, puncture can be first performed in the closed state of the retractor (i.e., the minimum cross-section of the operation cavity), at this time the formed surgical channel is smaller, and then the expansion power is transmitted through the adjusting component to realize the uniform expansion of the operation cavity, that is, after puncturing to reach the lesion location, the operation cavity is uniformly expanded outward through the adjusting component. Compared with directly using a retractor with a large cross-section for puncture, the puncture difficulty is reduced, and the damage to human tissues is reduced. For surgeries related to sensitive brain tissues, the probability of other complications and sequelae of the patient is greatly reduced.
[0020] (3) The same retractor is applicable to the requirements of different surgical channels and can be applied to minimally invasive intracranial surgeries, minimally invasive abdominal cavity surgeries, renal pelvic tumor surgeries, minimally invasive lithotripsy surgeries, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the closed state of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first embodiment of the present utility model.
[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective of the first embodiment of the present utility model.
[0026] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram at position B of
[0027] Figure 7 It is Figure 5 The assembly schematic diagram at position B of
[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in the open state of the first embodiment of the present utility model.
[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in the open state of the second embodiment of the present utility model.
[0030] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 The enlarged schematic diagram at position D of
[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the present utility model.
[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the third embodiment of the present utility model. Specific embodiments
[0033] The following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present utility model, and are not used to limit the present utility model.
[0034] For the sake of convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "upper...", etc. can be used here to describe the spatial position relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device shown in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientations of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.
[0035] Embodiment 1
[0036] A multi-channel retractor, as Figure 1 shown, is used in cooperation with a dilating cannula. The dilating cannula is detachably passed through and mounted on the retractor, and the dilating cannula is used for puncturing human tissues to form a surgical channel. After the surgical channel is formed, the dilating cannula is removed, and the retractor remains in the human tissues to maintain the surgical channel, and surgical instruments pass through the surgical channel for surgery.
[0037] The retractor, as Figure 1 and 4 shown, includes a tubular part 1, a main board 2, a pressing strip 3, an endoscope connector 4, an injection connector 5, a main board seat 8, a buckle seat 7, a slide seat 6 and an adjusting component.
[0038] Three mutually independent and non-communicating channels are arranged in the tubular part 1, namely an endoscope cavity 11, an injection cavity 12 and an operation cavity 13, as Figure 2 and 3 shown. Among them, the sizes of the injection cavity 12 and the endoscope cavity 11 are fixed, that is, the cross-sectional areas and lengths of the injection cavity 12 and the endoscope cavity 11 are fixed. The length of the operation cavity 13 is unchanged and the size is adjustable.
[0039] The tubular part 1 is surrounded by a slide plate 14, a buckle plate 15 and a protective film 16. The main board 2, the buckle plate 15, the protective film 16 and the slide plate 14 are all curved panel structures. The buckle plate 15 and the slide plate 14 can be spliced into a tubular structure, and the splicing surface is parallel to the central axis direction of the tubular structure, that is, the length direction. Preferably, the cross-section of the tubular structure is an ellipse, the cross-section is perpendicular to the length direction of the tubular structure, and the buckle plate 15 and the slide plate 14 are symmetrical to each other. The main board 2 and the protective film 16 are located in the inner cavity of the tubular structure spliced by the buckle plate 15 and the slide plate 14.
[0040] The concave side of the main board 2 is connected with the endoscope cavity 11 and the injection cavity 12. As Figure 2 and 3 shown, the endoscope cavity 11 and the injection cavity 12 are formed by tubular components connected to the main board 2. The two through holes of the tubular components are respectively the endoscope cavity 11 and the injection cavity 12. The endoscope cavity 11 and the injection cavity 12 are not communicated, and the length directions of the endoscope cavity 11 and the injection cavity 12 are both parallel to the length direction of the main board 2. The endoscope cavity 11 is used for the endoscope to pass through. The injection cavity 12 is used for the injection medicine or cleaning water to pass through, so that the surgeon can inject physiological saline for cleaning to have a clean surgical field during the operation and clarify the bleeding point.
[0041] The endoscope cavity 11 and the injection cavity 12 can be set to a variety of different specifications. Preferably, the maximum diameter of the endoscope that can pass through the endoscope cavity 11 is 1 mm to 5 mm. The aperture of the injection cavity 12 is 0.1 mm to 5 mm. Different wide-angle functions or different maximum viewing ranges of endoscopes can be adopted in the endoscope cavity 11. Preferably, the maximum viewing range of the endoscope is 30° to 120°. With a wide viewing range, the craniotomy range can be reduced, and excessive exposure of the surgical field can be avoided.
[0042] Based on the above structure, the retractor forms a three-cavity channel. The three channels are independent of each other, non-connected, and do not interfere with each other. The three channels are the endoscope cavity 11, the injection cavity 12, and the operation cavity 13 respectively. The operation cavity 13 is a channel surrounded by the main board 2, the sliding plate 14, and two protective films 16. The surgical instruments work independently in the operation cavity 13, avoiding interference between surgical instruments. The endoscope in the endoscope cavity 11 is installed in the independent endoscope cavity 11. The operator can operate the surgical instruments passing through the operation cavity 13 with both hands by himself, rather than operating with one hand or relying on an assistant to hold the mirror.
[0043] The size of the operation cavity 13 is adjustable. Specifically, the cross-sectional area thereof is adjustable to meet the requirements of different sizes of surgical channels and accommodate surgical instruments of different sizes to enter. The adjustability of the size of the operation cavity 13 is achieved by setting the protective film 16.
[0044] There are two protective films 16. The main board 2, the protective film 16, and the buckle plate 15 can be sequentially contacted and fitted. Preferably, the main board 2, the protective film 16, and the buckle plate 15 are sequentially contacted and fitted to form a three-layer structure. The two protective films 16 are located in the same layer without overlapping. That is, the concave side of the protective film 16 is fitted to the convex side of the main board 2, and the convex side of the protective film 16 is fitted to the concave side of the buckle plate 15. In other words, the cross-section of the main board 2 is curved. This cross-section is perpendicular to the length direction of the main board 2, and the length of this curved shape is not greater than the length of the curved shape of the cross-section of the buckle plate 15.
[0045] The two protective films 16 are respectively connected to the two ends of the circumference of the sliding plate 14 through two pressure strips 3. One end of the circumference of the protective film 16 is connected to the sliding plate 14 through the pressure strip 3, and the other end is slidably arranged in the gap between the main board 2 and the buckle plate 15. The buckle plate 15 and the main board 2 are relatively fixed, and the sliding plate 14 and the main board 2 can move closer to or away from each other.
[0046] Specifically, two pressure strips 3 are installed on one side of the concave surface of the slide plate 14. Preferably, the two pressure strips 3 are respectively close to the two edges of the slide plate 14, and the length direction of the pressure strips 3 is parallel to the length direction of the slide plate 14. The two ends of the pressure strips 3 in the length direction do not exceed the two ends of the length direction of the slide plate 14. Two protective films 16 are respectively connected to the two pressure strips 3. Specifically, the length direction of the protective film 16 is parallel to the length direction of the pressure strip 3. The pressure strip 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes at intervals along its length direction. The protective film 16 and the pressure strip 3 are connected together by fixing members passing through the through holes of the protective film 16 and the pressure strip 3.
[0047] The upper end of the main board 2 in the length direction is connected to the main board seat 8, and the lower end is cantilevered. The upper end of the gusset 15 is connected to the gusset seat 7, and the lower end is cantilevered. The outer surface of the gusset 15 is provided with a scale marking its length. The upper end of the slide 14 is connected to the slide seat 6, and the lower end is cantilevered. The gusset seat 7 and the main board seat 8 can be connected together by snapping and buckling, so that the main board 2 and the gusset 15 are relatively fixed. After connection, the curved surfaces of the main board 2 and the gusset 15 are in the same direction, and there is a gap between the main board 2 and the gusset 15 for accommodating the protective film 16, and the protective film 16 can slide in the gap. An injection connector 5 and a scope connector 4 are provided on the main board seat 8. The injection connector 5 is connected to the injection cavity 12, and the operator can inject medicine or cleaning water into the injection cavity 12 through the injection connector 5. The scope connector 4 is used to connect the scope located in the scope cavity 11 with an external device.
[0048] The adjustment component is manually operated, and the adjustment component drives the slide plate 14 and the main board 2 to move relative to each other, so that the slide plate 14 moves in a direction close to or away from the main board 2. The slide plate 14 and the main board 2 can be close to each other until the two ends of the slide plate 14 in the circumference are in contact with the two ends of the buckle plate 15 in the circumference, respectively. At this time, the tubular portion 1 is surrounded by the slide plate 14 and the buckle plate 15, and the wall surface of the operating cavity 13 is surrounded by the slide plate 14 and the main board 2. It is assumed that this is a closed state. The slide plate 14 and the main board 2 can be moved away from each other until the protective film 16 is at least partially pulled out of the gap between the main board 2 and the buckle plate 15. At this time, one end of the slide plate 14 in the circumference, one protective film 16, the main board 2, another protective film 16, and the other end of the slide plate 14 in the circumference are connected in sequence and surround the wall surface of the operating cavity 13. It is assumed that this is an open state. Figure 8 As shown. Obviously, in the closed state, the cross-sectional size of the operating cavity 13 is fixed and unique; in the open state, the cross-sectional size of the operating cavity 13 may be different, depending on the specific position of the protective film 16. The protective film 16 cannot completely detach from the gap between the main board 2 and the buckle plate 15, that is, in the open state, the cross-sectional size of the operating cavity 13 has a maximum value. The protective film 16 can be prevented from detaching from the gap between the main board 2 and the buckle plate 15 by limiting the moving range between the slide seat 6 and the main board seat 8 through a mechanical limiter. In the open state, the protective film 16 can prevent human tissue (such as brain tissue) at the surgical site from entering the operating cavity 13.
[0049] The protective film 16 is made of materials such as PC, PVC, PET, silica gel or rubber, and has a certain strength.
[0050] In this embodiment, the adjusting assembly is a gear-rack transmission structure. As Figures 4 - 7 shown, the gear-rack transmission structure includes a transmission handle 91, an O-ring 92, a transmission cover 93, a rack 94, and a gear 95. The rack 94 is fixedly installed on the slide plate seat 6, and the length direction of the rack 94 is perpendicular to the length direction of the slide plate 14. The gear 95 is rotatably installed on the main board seat 8, and the rack 94 and the gear 95 are meshed. The gear 95 and the transmission handle 91 are coaxially connected by a connecting shaft 96. When a person rotates the transmission handle 91, the transmission handle 91 drives the gear 95 to rotate synchronously. The gear 95 drives the rack 94 meshed with it to move along the length direction of the rack 94, and the rack 94 drives the slide plate seat 6 to move synchronously, so that the slide plate 14 and the main board 2 move relatively closer or farther away. Thus, the rotational motion of the transmission handle 91 is converted into the linear motion of the slide plate 14. Further, the transmission cover 93 is arranged on the main board seat 8 and covers the outside of the gear 95 for protecting the gear 95. The O-ring 92 is located between the transmission cover 93 and the connecting shaft 96. The transmission cover 93 pre-presses the O-ring 92 and is assembled onto the main board seat 8 to generate a large frictional force, so that the slide plate 14 and the main board 2 achieve damping positioning, that is, due to the damping effect of the O-ring 92, the relative movement of the slide plate 14 and the main board 2 can be realized only under the action of a certain external force, preventing the relative movement of the slide plate 14 and the main board 2 caused by accidental touch.
[0051] In this embodiment, the maximum distance that the slide plate 14 can move relative to the main board 2 is 5 mm to 30 mm. Further, the transmission handle 91 is provided with scales to mark the state of the retractor at this time, so as to indirectly know the size of the cross-section of the operation cavity 13.
[0052] In this embodiment, the slide plate 14, the buckle plate 15, the protective film 16, and the main board 2 are equal in length, and their two ends are flush with each other. Multiple buckle plates 15 with different length specifications can be set. Preferably, the length of the buckle plate 15 can be set to 30 mm to 90 mm.
[0053] As can be seen from the above, in this solution, the cross-sectional size of the operation cavity 13 is adjustable, and the operation cavity 13 is expanded outwards or reduced inwards through the adjusting assembly. Since the original motive force of the human hand is transmitted through the adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly finally converts the original motive force of the human hand into the relative linear movement of the main board 2 and the slide plate 14. The moving direction is perpendicular to the length directions of the main board 2 and the slide plate 14. This moving direction is determined and is not affected by the direction and magnitude of the human hand force. Therefore, when the operation cavity 13 expands outwards, it can expand outwards evenly, that is, the main board 2 and the slide plate 14 move smoothly in a straight line, and the moving direction is always perpendicular to the length directions of the main board 2 and the slide plate 14.
[0054] The above-mentioned feature of the adjustable cross-section of the operation cavity 13 has two advantages: on the one hand, various size conversions can be achieved through one device, avoiding the need to replace tubular retractors of different sizes during the operation, that is, there is no need to replace the retractors of different sizes during the operation. Specifically, it is not necessary to pull out the retractor inserted into the human body and re-insert a larger-sized retractor. Only by adjusting the cross-sectional size of the operation cavity 13 through the adjustment assembly can it be achieved. On the other hand, during the operation, puncture can be performed first when the retractor is in the closed state (i.e., the minimum cross-section of the operation cavity 13). At this time, the formed surgical channel is smaller, and then the cross-section of the operation cavity 13 is enlarged through the adjustment assembly, that is, after puncturing to reach the lesion location, the operation cavity 13 is evenly expanded outward through the adjustment assembly. Since the main board 2 and the sliding board 14 move smoothly relative to each other, the operation cavity 13 can be evenly expanded when it expands outward. Compared with directly using a large-sized retractor to puncture directly to obtain a large surgical channel, it reduces the damage to human tissues. For brain tissue-related surgeries, this greatly reduces the probability of sequelae, other complications, and injuries to patients. If a large-sized retractor is directly used for puncture, since the direction and magnitude of the human hand force are not completely controllable, it is easier to damage the brain tissue.
[0055] Embodiment 2
[0056] Different from Embodiment 1, the adjustment assembly in this embodiment is a parallel sliding structure. As Figure 9 and 10 shown, a groove is provided on the main board seat 8, and a row of tooth grooves 94' are provided on each of the two opposite side walls in the groove. Two clamping blocks 92' are provided on the sliding board seat 6. The two clamping blocks 92' are located in the same plane, and there is a gap between the two clamping blocks 92'. One end of the clamping block 92' is connected to the sliding board seat 6, and the other end extends. The connection between the clamping block 92' and the sliding board seat 6 allows a certain elastic deformation, so that the two clamping blocks 92' can move relative to each other within a certain range. A handle 93' is connected to the extending end of the clamping block 92'. At least one tooth 91' is provided on each of the two clamping blocks 92', and the tooth 91' on each clamping block 92' is arranged on the side away from the other clamping block 92'. The two clamping blocks 92' can be inserted into the groove on the main board seat 8, and the teeth 91' on the two clamping blocks 92' can be respectively engaged with the two rows of tooth grooves 94' on the main board seat 8, that is, the tooth 91' on the clamping block 92' is inserted into a tooth groove 94' on the main board seat 8. When the handle 93' is pulled or pushed, the two clamping blocks 92' are driven to move step by step relative to the main board seat 8. During the movement, the tooth 91' on the clamping block 92' can be sequentially inserted into each tooth groove 94' on the main board seat 8 and fixed there without external force. The clamping block 92' drives the sliding board 14 to move synchronously, realizing the relative movement between the sliding board 14 and the main board 2.
[0057] Preferably, scales can be marked on the main board seat 8 to read the relative position of the sliding board 14 and the main board 2 at this time, and indirectly obtain the cross-sectional size of the operation cavity 13 at this time.
[0058] As described above, by pulling the handle 93' of the slide plate seat 6, the teeth 91' on the clamping block 92' engage with different slots on the main board seat 8 to achieve the opening and closing action, so as to adjust the opening and closing size.
[0059] Embodiment III
[0060] Different from Embodiment I, the adjusting component in this embodiment is a screw drive structure. As Figure 11 and 12 shown, a screw hole is provided on the main board seat 8, and a screw rod 91'' is rotatably installed on the slide plate seat 6. The screw rod 91'' is limited on the slide plate seat 6 by a fixing cover 93''. The screw rod 91'' and the adjusting handle 92'' are coaxially connected. The screw rod 91'' can be screwed on the screw hole and self-lock. When the adjusting handle 92'' is rotated, the screw rod 91'' moves along the length direction of the screw hole, driving the slide plate 14 and the main board 2 to move relatively. The operation cavity 13 can be adjusted to any size within the design range and self-locked and fixed by the adjusting handle 92''.
[0061] Embodiment IV
[0062] Different from Embodiments I, II, and III, in this embodiment, there is one protective film 16 instead of two. The protective film 16 is elastic and can be stretched and contracted.
[0063] In this embodiment, the protective film 16 is made of silica gel, rubber, etc.
[0064] In this embodiment, one end of the protective film 16 is connected to a pressure strip 3, and the other end is connected to another pressure strip 3 after bypassing the gap between the main board 2 and the clamping plate 15. Alternatively, one end of the protective film 16 is connected to a pressure strip 3, and the other end is connected to another pressure strip 3 after bypassing the outer surface of the clamping plate 15.
[0065] In this embodiment, when the operation adjusting component moves the slide plate 14 in a direction away from the main board 2, the protective film 16 is stretched due to its own elasticity, realizing the adjustable cross-sectional size of the operation cavity 13.
[0066] Finally, it is necessary to state here that the above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above content of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multi-channel retractor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tubular portion (1), wherein at least three mutually independent and non-communicating channels are arranged in the tubular portion (1), wherein the channels in the tubular portion (1) at least comprise a scope cavity (11) for a scope to pass through, an injection cavity (12) for medicine or cleaning water to pass through, and an operating cavity (13) for surgical instruments to pass through, wherein the sizes of the injection cavity (12) and the scope cavity (11) are fixed, and the cross-sectional size of the operating cavity (13) is adjustable.
2. The retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall surface of the operating chamber (13) comprises a protective film (16), and the cross-sectional size of the operating chamber (13) is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the protective film (16) in the wall surface of the operating chamber (13).
3. The retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operating chamber (13) is surrounded by a slide plate (14), a main plate (2) and a protective film (16); the endoscope chamber (11) and the injection chamber (12) are through holes of a tubular component connected to the main plate (2).
4. The retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retractor also includes a gusset plate (15), which can be spliced with the slide plate (14) to form a tubular structure. The main board (2) is located in the tubular structure. The gusset plate (15) and the main board (2) are relatively fixed, and the slide plate (14) and the main board (2) can move relatively. Two protective films (16) are provided. The main board (2), the protective film (16) and the gusset plate (15) can contact and fit in sequence. The two protective films (16) are respectively connected to the two ends of the slide plate (14) in the circumferential direction. One end of the protective film (16) is connected to the slide plate (14), and the other end is slidably arranged in the gap between the main board (2) and the gusset plate (15).
5. The retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective film (16) is elastic and can be stretched and shrunk. One end of the protective film (16) is connected to one end of the slide plate (14), and the other end of the protective film (16) is connected to the other end of the slide plate (14) after passing around one side of the convex surface of the main board (2).
6. The retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retractor further comprises an adjusting component, which is connected to and transmits a drive to the slide plate (14) and / or the main plate (2), driving the slide plate (14) and the main plate (2) to move away from or closer to each other.
7. The retractor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The retractor also includes a main board seat (8) and a slide board seat (6); the upper end of the main board (2) is connected to the main board seat (8) and the lower end is cantilevered; the upper end of the slide board (14) is connected to the slide board seat (6) and the lower end is cantilevered; the adjustment component is installed on the main board seat (8) and the slide board seat (6).
8. The retractor according to claim 7, characterized in that: An injection connector (5) and a scope connector (4) are provided on the main board seat (8); the injection connector (5) is connected to the injection cavity (12); an operator can inject medicine or cleaning water into the injection cavity (12) through the injection connector (5); and the scope connector (4) is used to connect the scope located in the scope cavity (11) to an external device.
9. The retractor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly is a gear rack transmission structure or a parallel sliding structure or a threaded transmission structure. The gear rack transmission structure drives the main plate seat (8) and the slide plate seat (6) to move relative to each other through the meshing of the gear and the rack. The threaded transmission structure drives the main plate seat (8) and the slide plate seat (6) to move relative to each other through the self-locking by rotating the bolt into the screw hole to different depths. The parallel sliding structure realizes the relative movement and fixation of the main plate seat (8) and the slide plate seat (6) by setting the main plate seat (8) and the slide plate seat (6) to a structure in which teeth and tooth grooves mesh.
10. The retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The endoscope cavity (11) is configured such that the maximum diameter of the endoscope that can pass through it is 1 mm to 5 mm, and the aperture of the injection cavity (12) is 0.1 mm to 5 mm.