Personalized mandible prosthesis

Abstract

The utility model provides a personalized mandible prosthesis which can be fixed more stably and has more excellent biocompatibility, and relates to the technical field of prostheses. The personalized mandible prosthesis comprises a main body part matched with a mandible defect part and fixing ear plates arranged at the two ends of the main body part respectively to be connected with a mandibular branch, and the main body part is of a hollow structure and comprises a mandibular bottom area shell and a mandibular top area shell located above the mandibular bottom area shell; porous structure layers are arranged on the two sides of the lower jaw bottom area shell, a plurality of suture holes are further formed in the two sides of the lower jaw top area shell, and the lower jaw top area shell is of a single-layer net structure and comprises a plurality of mutually-connected composition rods. The prosthesis disclosed by the utility model is longer in service life and better in mandible repairing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of prostheses, and particularly relates to a personalized mandibular prosthesis. Background Art

[0002] The mandible is located in the lower part of the human face. The overall shape of the mandible presents an arc shape, which is divided into a horizontal part and a vertical part. The vertical part is the mandibular ramus, and the horizontal part is the mandibular body. The angle between the mandibular ramus and the lower edge of the mandibular body is the mandibular angle. The mandibular body is an arc-shaped bone plate. The outer surface of the mandibular body is divided into an upper edge and a lower edge, and includes the inferior alveolar arch, mental protuberance, and mental foramen. The inferior alveolar arch has alveoli that can accommodate the roots of the lower teeth. When serious trauma or lesions such as tumors occur in the entire mandibular body and part of the mandibular ramus, it is necessary to reconstruct the entire mandibular body. The common method is to remove the traumatized or diseased part and reconstruct the mandible.

[0003] At present, autologous bone grafting is mainly used for mandibular reconstruction in clinical practice. However, autologous bone grafting causes greater trauma to patients and requires a longer recovery time for the body. At the same time, autologous bone grafting also has disadvantages such as poor shaping effect and poor mechanical properties, which may cause unsatisfactory maxillofacial reconstruction effect and low implant stability after being implanted into the human body.

[0004] Due to the deficiencies of autologous bone grafting repair technology, in recent years, with the rapid development of biomaterials and the improvement of modern medical needs, the research on bone substitute biomaterials, namely artificial implants, for mandibular defect repair has received increasing attention from scholars. Titanium and titanium alloys have good biocompatibility, light weight, high strength ratio, low toxicity, and high corrosion resistance. They are one of the few materials that meet the requirements of human implantation and have been widely used in the repair of mandibular defects. A one-piece mandibular repair prosthesis disclosed in the patent with the authorization publication number CN218458216U includes: a prosthesis part installed at the affected area of the mandible for repairing the patient's mandible. The prosthesis part includes: a main body that matches the mandible; bionic bone trabeculae installed at both ends on one side of the main body for the mandible to grow into; teeth installed on one side of the main body; and a fixing unit installed at both ends of the main body for installing the main body on the mandible. The prosthesis with this structure may have poor soft tissue and bone ingrowth effects, and in the later use process, the implant may even fall off or fail.

[0005] The patent application with the publication number CN103997985A discloses a device and method for enhancing bone growth, and discloses an implantable dental device for implantation in the oral cavity, including: a three-dimensional trabecular network structure for promoting bone growth, which contains interconnected units for receiving bone graft materials therein. This structure has a length and a height, and the length and the height equally extend along the vertical axis extending between the mandible and the maxilla, a width, and the width equally extends along the horizontal axis of the face and the tongue side, a first end and a second end. This structure is permanently placed in the patient's oral cavity; a plurality of root implants, which are integrated with the network structure into a cylinder, and at least a part of the cylinder of at least one of the root implants is implanted into the jawbone; at least one fixing surface on the surface of this structure, which is perpendicular to the vertical axis and includes at least one fixing unit for surgically fixing and connecting this structure to the patient's mandible; and a plurality of prosthesis receiving surfaces, each of which is placed adjacent to the corresponding root implant to receive a corresponding number of prostheses thereon. Although this application discloses that a three-dimensional network structure can be provided on the mandible to facilitate the transplantation of bone graft materials therein to promote bone growth, the three-dimensional network space structure adopted in the solution has a large amount of material, is not only heavy in weight, but also has poor biocompatibility and needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a personalized mandibular prosthesis that can make the prosthesis fixed more firmly and has more excellent biocompatibility.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a personalized mandibular prosthesis, including a main body part matching the defective part of the mandible and fixing ear plates respectively arranged at both ends of the main body part to connect with the mandibular ramus.

[0008] The main body part is a hollow structure, including a mandibular bottom area shell and a mandibular top area shell located above the mandibular bottom area shell. Porous structure layers are provided on both sides of the mandibular bottom area shell, and a number of suture holes are also provided on both sides of the mandibular top area shell. The mandibular top area shell is a single-layer network structure, including a number of interconnected component rods.

[0009] Further, the mandibular top area shell includes a number of Voronoi polygon holes, and the component rods are the sides of the Voronoi polygon holes.

[0010] Further, the aperture of the Voronoi polygon holes in the mandibular top area shell is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the rod diameter of the component rods is 0.8 - 1.5 mm.

[0011] Further, an implant hole for dental implantation is also provided on the shell of the mandibular apex region.

[0012] Further, three fixing ear plates are respectively provided at both ends of the main body part. Among the three fixing ear plates at each end, two of the fixing ear plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body part to fit with the two side surfaces of the mandibular ramus, and the other fixing ear plate is arranged on the upper side of the main body part to fit with the front side surface of the mandibular ramus. And the fixing ear plate arranged on the upper side of the main body part is provided with a screw hole inclined downward.

[0013] Further, a porous structure layer is also provided on the fitting surface of the fixing ear plate.

[0014] Further, the porosity of the porous structure layer is 70%, and the diameter of the porous rod is 0.3 mm.

[0015] Further, the personalized mandibular prosthesis is made of TC4 titanium alloy.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. For a personalized mandibular prosthesis of the present utility model, porous structure layers 3 and a plurality of suture holes 111 are provided on both sides of the shell 11 of the mandibular bottom region. Through the suture holes 111, human tissues can be sutured to the prosthesis. The porous structure layer 3 facilitates the growth of soft tissues such as muscles and blood vessels on both sides of the prosthesis. Therefore, after the prosthesis is implanted, it can be fixed more firmly and the service life of the prosthesis is longer.

[0018] 2. The main body part of the present utility model is arranged in a hollow structure, and the upper part region shell of the main body part, that is, the shell 12 of the mandibular apex region, is arranged in a single-layer mesh structure. The weight of the prosthesis is lighter, and the material of the main body part implanted into the patient's body is less, and the possibility of the release of toxic metal ions is lower. And during the implantation process, more bone grafting materials can be filled in the main body part, and its biocompatibility will be more excellent, and the mandibular bone repair effect is better.

[0019] 3. Three fixing ear plates are respectively provided at both ends of the main body part, and the stability of the prosthesis after implantation is higher, and the possibility of the prosthesis failing and being displaced is smaller.

[0020] 4. An implant hole is provided on the shell of the mandibular apex region, which is convenient for later dental implantation. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the front view of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is the rear view of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is the installation schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0024] As shown in the figure: the main body part 1, the fixed ear plate 2, the porous structure layer 3, the mandibular ramus 4, the screw hole 5, the mandibular base area shell 11, the mandibular top area shell 12, the suture hole 111, the component rod 121, and the dental implant hole 122. Specific embodiments

[0025] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the personalized mandibular prosthesis of the present utility model includes a main body part 1 that matches the defective part of the mandible and fixed ear plates 2 respectively provided at both ends of the main body part 1 for connecting with the mandibular ramus 4. The main body part 1 is a hollow structure, including a mandibular base area shell 11 and a mandibular top area shell 12 located above the mandibular base area shell 11. Porous structure layers 3 are provided on both sides of the mandibular base area shell 11, and a number of suture holes 111 are also provided on both sides of the mandibular top area shell 12. The suture holes 111 on both sides are generally arranged in one-to-one correspondence; the mandibular top area shell 12 is a single-layer mesh structure, including a number of interconnected component rods 121.

[0027] Specifically, the mandibular base area shell 11 corresponds to the area where the main body part is attached to the patient's muscles, that is, the mandible, and the mandibular top area shell 12 corresponds to the alveolar bone part of the main body part.

[0028] When installing the personalized mandibular prosthesis of the present utility model, it is fixedly connected to the mandibular rami on both sides of the patient through the fixed ear plates 2. The connection can specifically be made using screws or bolts, and then the human tissue is sutured to the prosthesis through the suture holes 111. The personalized mandibular prosthesis of the present utility model is provided with porous structure layers 3 and a number of suture holes 111 on both sides of the mandibular base area shell 11. Through the suture holes 111, the human tissue can be sutured to the prosthesis. The porous structure layer 3 facilitates the growth of soft tissues such as muscles and blood vessels on both sides of the prosthesis. Therefore, the prosthesis can be more firmly fixed after implantation. Since the main body part of the personalized mandibular prosthesis of the present utility model is set in a hollow structure, and the upper part area shell of the main body part, that is, the mandibular top area shell 12, is set as a single-layer mesh structure, there is no material in the inner cavity of the main body part. The weight of the prosthesis is lighter, and the material of the main body part implanted into the patient's body is less, and the possibility of the release of toxic metal ions is lower. Moreover, more bone graft materials can be filled in the inner part of the main body part during the implantation process. Therefore, its biocompatibility is also more excellent.

[0029] The personalized mandibular prosthesis can be printed using titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, or polymer materials, etc. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the personalized mandibular prosthesis specifically uses TC4 titanium alloy. TC4 titanium alloy has good biocompatibility and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and light weight.

[0030] The thickness of the porous structure layer 3 and the shell in the submandibular region can be set as required. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the thickness of the porous structure layer 3 is 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the shell 11 in the submandibular region is 1 mm. The diameter of the suture hole 111 can also be set as required. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the diameter of the suture hole 111 is 2.0 mm.

[0031] The shell 12 in the submandibular apex region can adopt various polygonal mesh holes, such as: triangular mesh holes, quadrilateral mesh holes or more-sided mesh holes. Preferably, in the present utility model, the shell 12 in the submandibular apex region includes a plurality of Delaunay polygon holes, that is, the shell 12 in the submandibular apex region adopts a Delaunay mesh structure, and the composition rod 121 is the side of the Delaunay polygon hole. A Delaunay polygon is a set of continuous polygons composed of the perpendicular bisectors of the line segments connecting two adjacent points. The distance from any point within a Delaunay polygon to the control points forming the polygon is less than the distance to the control points of other polygons. The Delaunay polygon holes can not only make the structure of the shell in the submandibular apex region more stable, but also make the shape closer to the human tissue, with better biocompatibility.

[0032] In the present utility model, the aperture of the Delaunay polygon hole of the shell 12 in the submandibular apex region is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the rod diameter of the composition rod 121 is 0.8 - 1.5 mm. Experiments show that under these parameters, the personalized mandibular prosthesis design is more suitable for the situation of mandibular body prosthesis replacement in terms of structure and function.

[0033] In order to facilitate dental implantation on the prosthesis in the later stage, an implant hole 122 for dental implantation is also provided on the shell 12 in the submandibular apex region. The specific position of the implant hole 122 is designed corresponding to the tooth structure of the patient, and the implant hole 122 generally adopts a circular hole.

[0034] The number of the fixing lugs 2 at each end of the main body part 1 can be one or more. In order to better fix the prosthesis, three fixing lugs 2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the main body part 1. Among the three fixing lugs 2 at each end, two fixing lugs 2 are arranged on both sides of the main body part 1 to fit with the two side faces of the mandibular ramus 4, and the other fixing lug 2 is arranged on the upper side of the main body part 1 to fit with the front side face of the mandibular ramus 4. The fixing lug 2 arranged on the upper side of the main body part 1 is provided with a screw hole 5 inclined downward. The fixing lugs 2 arranged on both sides of the main body part 1 fix the prosthesis from both sides of the mandibular ramus 4, and the prosthesis is not easy to shake left and right. The fixing lug 2 arranged on the upper side of the main body part 1 fits with the front side face of the mandibular ramus 4 and is provided with a screw hole 5 inclined downward for installing a fixing screw. After the fixing lug 2 on the upper side is connected and fixed to the mandibular ramus through the fixing screw passing through the screw hole 5, it can resist the downward force exerted on the mandibular ramus by the prosthesis during occlusion after the prosthesis is installed, and the force on the prosthesis will be more uniform and stable. In order to facilitate the installation of the fixing screw, screw holes 5 can also be arranged on the fixing lugs 2 arranged on both sides of the main body part 1, and the screw holes 5 are usually arranged horizontally.

[0035] In order to further increase the connection stability of the prosthesis, a porous structure layer 3 is also arranged on the fitting surface of the fixing lug 2 that fits with the mandibular ramus. The arrangement of the porous structure layer 3 on the fixing lug 2 facilitates the growth of the mandibular ramus bone tissue, so that the fixation of the prosthesis can be more stable.

[0036] In the present utility model, preferably, the porosity of the porous structure layer 3 is 70%, and the diameter of the porous rod is 0.3 mm. Under such porous parameters, it is more conducive to the growth of tissues such as muscles, blood vessels, and bone tissues.

[0037] In the present utility model, preferably, the porous structure layer 3 adopts a diamond structure unit cell, and the unit cell is more stable in structure.

[0038] The specific manufacturing method of the personalized mandibular prosthesis of the present utility model is as follows:

[0039] Step 1: Import the head CT data of the patient into the medical image processing software, set the "threshold division" value to 220 - 230, reconstruct the skull model of the patient, and design the osteotomy plane according to the tumor boundary or defect situation of the patient's temporomandibular joint, and excise the bone block with the tumor or the defective bone block according to the osteotomy plane;

[0040] Step 2: Use three-dimensional design software to design a preliminary model of a hollow personalized mandibular prosthesis whose shape matches the defective part of the patient's mandible according to the facial features of the patient;

[0041] Step 3: According to the mandibular structure of the patient, divide the shell 11 of the mandibular bottom area and the shell 12 of the mandibular top area on the preliminary model of the personalized mandibular prosthesis. The shell 11 of the mandibular bottom area corresponds to the patient's mandible, and the shell 12 of the mandibular top area corresponds to the alveolar bone. Then, design a porous structure layer 3 and suture holes 111 on both sides of the shell 11 of the mandibular bottom area, and set mesh holes on the shell 12 of the mandibular top area to form a single-layer mesh structure, so as to obtain a personalized mandibular prosthesis model;

[0042] Step 4: Import the data of the personalized mandibular prosthesis model into 3D printing software to print out the personalized mandibular prosthesis.

[0043] Specifically, medical image processing software can adopt Materialise Mimics or MaterialiseProPlanCMF, etc. Specifically, 3D design software can adopt Geomagic Wrap, Materialise 3-matic, etc. Among them, the carving design of the mandibular prosthesis shape can be carried out in Geomagic Wrap, and the drawing of the porous structure and the Voronoi rod structure of the prosthesis can be carried out in Materialise 3-matic.

Claims

1. A personalized mandibular prosthesis, comprising a main body (1) matching the defective part of the mandibular bone and fixed ear plates (2) respectively arranged at both ends of the main body (1) to connect with the mandibular ramus, characterized in that: The main body (1) is a hollow structure, comprising a mandibular base area shell (11) and a mandibular top area shell (12) located above the mandibular base area shell (11), both sides of the mandibular base area shell (11) are provided with a porous structure layer (3), and both sides of the mandibular top area shell (12) are also provided with a plurality of suture holes (111), and the mandibular top area shell (12) is a single-layer mesh structure, comprising a plurality of interconnected component rods (121).

2. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular top region shell (12) includes a plurality of Thiessen polygon holes, and the component rods (121) are the edges of the Thiessen polygon holes.

3. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the Thiessen polygon hole of the mandibular top region shell (12) is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the diameter of the component rod (121) is 0.8 to 1.5 mm.

4. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular top region shell (12) is also provided with an implant hole (122) for implanting a tooth.

5. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three fixing ear plates (2) are respectively provided at both ends of the main body part (1). Among the three fixing ear plates (2) at each end, two fixing ear plates (2) are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body part (1) to fit with the two side surfaces of the mandibular ramus, and the other fixing ear plate (2) is arranged on the upper side of the main body part (1) to fit with the front side surface of the mandibular ramus, and the fixing ear plate (2) arranged on the upper side of the main body part (1) is provided with a screw hole (5) inclined downward.

6. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to claim 5, characterized in that: A porous structure layer (3) is also provided on the fitting surface of the fixed ear plate (2).

7. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The porosity of the porous structure layer (3) is 70%, and the diameter of the porous rods is 0.3 mm.

8. The personalized mandibular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The personalized mandibular prosthesis is made of TC4 titanium alloy.

Images