Hammer mill

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of crushers, and particularly discloses a hammer mill which comprises a main rack, a crushing bin and a driving unit, the crushing bin is connected to the top of the main rack, the crushing bin is vertically arranged, the top end and the bottom end of the crushing bin are communicated with a feeding hopper and a discharging hopper respectively, a rotor body is arranged in the crushing bin, and the driving unit is connected with the rotor body. The rotor body is coaxially connected with a main shaft, the upper part and the lower part of the main shaft are coaxially and rotationally connected with the top end and the bottom end of the crushing bin respectively, and the driving unit is used for driving the main shaft to rotate; and the outer side of the rotor body is connected with a plurality of layers of crushing units. According to the utility model, the phenomenon of excessive crushing of materials caused by repeated impact between the materials and the hammer sheets due to the fact that small particles cannot be normally discharged from the sieve pores in time after the crushed particles meet the particle size requirement in the crushing process can be effectively avoided, so that the crushing power consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of crushers, and particularly relates to a hammer mill. Background Art

[0002] At present, domestic and foreign hammer feed crushers all adopt a horizontal layout, and a screen is arranged below the rotor. During the crushing process of the existing crushers, there is a problem that small particles cannot be discharged from the screen holes in time after reaching the particle size requirement. Moreover, there is a repeated impact between the material and the hammer blades, resulting in excessive crushing of the material, increased crushing power consumption, increased temperature of the powder material, formation of water vapor from the moisture in the material, adhesion of the water vapor and fine powder to the screen plate, more serious blockage of the screen holes, and reduction of the crushing efficiency. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model provides a hammer mill, aiming to effectively avoid the situation that small particles cannot be discharged from the screen holes in time after reaching the particle size requirement during the crushing process, and the repeated impact between the material and the hammer blades, thus avoiding the phenomenon of excessive crushing of the material and reducing the crushing power consumption.

[0004] The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a hammer mill includes a main frame, a crushing chamber and a driving unit. The crushing chamber is connected to the top of the main frame, the crushing chamber is vertically arranged, the top and bottom of the crushing chamber are respectively communicated with a feed hopper and a discharge hopper, a rotor body is arranged in the crushing chamber, the rotor body is coaxially connected with a main shaft, the upper and lower parts of the main shaft are coaxially rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the crushing chamber respectively, and the driving unit is used to drive the main shaft to rotate; a plurality of layers of crushing units are connected to the outside of the rotor body.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0006] In this scheme, the vertical layout can effectively avoid the situation that small particles cannot be discharged from the screen holes in time after reaching the particle size requirement during the crushing process, and the repeated impact between the material and the hammer blades, thus avoiding the phenomenon of excessive crushing of the material and reducing the crushing power consumption.

[0007] This scheme cancels the lower screen, which can effectively avoid the increase in the temperature of the powder material, the formation of water vapor from the moisture in the material, the adhesion of the water vapor and fine powder to the screen plate, the more serious blockage of the screen holes, and the reduction of the crushing efficiency, thereby reducing the crushing power consumption.

[0008] In addition, in this solution, the driving unit drives the rotor body to rotate. The high-speed rotation of the rotor body drives the multi-layer crushing unit to rotate, thereby high-speed impact crushing the material entering the crushing chamber through the feed hopper and at the same time throwing the material at high speed towards the inner wall of the crushing chamber for crushing. The material thrown towards the inner wall of the crushing chamber and the rebounding material impact and grind each other until the material reaches the lower outlet and is discharged from the discharge hopper.

[0009] Furthermore, each layer of the crushing unit includes a plurality of hammer blades, and the plurality of hammer blades are circumferentially distributed along the rotor body.

[0010] Beneficial effect: Setting such a plurality of hammer blades can improve the crushing effect on the material.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotor body includes an upper mounting plate, a lower mounting plate and a plurality of hammer blade shafts. The number of the hammer blade shafts is the same as the number of hammer blades in each layer of the crushing unit. The plurality of hammer blade shafts are circumferentially distributed. Each hammer blade shaft sequentially passes through the hammer blades in multiple layers of the crushing unit to connect the hammer blades in each layer in series, and both ends of each hammer blade shaft are respectively connected to the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate.

[0012] Beneficial effect: In this solution, the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are used to connect and fix the hammer blade shafts and the main shaft. In this way, when the driving unit drives the main shaft to rotate, it will drive the entire rotor body to rotate. The hammer blade shafts connect multiple layers of the crushing unit to form a whole, and this assembly method is simple.

[0013] Furthermore, a spacer ring is provided between two adjacent hammer blades on each hammer blade shaft, and the spacer ring is sleeved on the hammer blade shaft.

[0014] Beneficial effect: The spacer ring in this solution can separate adjacent hammer blades and prevent the hammer blades from hitting each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the two ends of the hammer blade shaft are detachably connected to the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate.

[0016] Beneficial effect: In this solution, the hammer blade shaft is detachably connected to the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate. In this way, when the hammer blades are worn or broken, it is convenient to replace the hammer blades.

[0017] Furthermore, annular grooves are formed on the end faces of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, and limiting nuts are respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the hammer blade shaft, and the limiting nuts are located in the annular grooves.

[0018] Beneficial effect: The annular groove in this solution can hide the limiting nut and reduce the overall volume.

[0019] Furthermore, the rotor body further includes a sleeve and a plurality of hammer discs. The sleeve is located inside the plurality of hammer shafts. Both ends of the sleeve are respectively connected to the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, and the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the main shaft. The plurality of hammer discs are sequentially and spaced apart along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the plurality of hammer shafts sequentially pass through the plurality of hammer discs.

[0020] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the plurality of hammer discs are spaced apart, which can strengthen the support strength of the hammer shafts. The hammer discs and the sleeve can enhance the strength and stability of the entire rotor body.

[0021] Furthermore, a fan blade is connected to the lower part of the main shaft, and the fan blade is located below the rotor body.

[0022] Beneficial effects: In this solution, a fan blade is installed on the main shaft below the rotor body of the crusher. During the crushing process, the fan blade generates a certain wind pressure, which promotes the rapid discharge of the crushed material, effectively improves the screening and falling ability of the entire crushing chamber, eliminates the need to set up an independent air suction system in the discharge, saves the equipment investment of the air suction system, solves the problem of low crushing efficiency caused by the failure of the air suction system that has long troubled feed mills, and reduces the moisture loss of the material during the crushing process. The crushing efficiency and the output of the crusher are greatly improved. The particle size of the crushed material is uniform, and there is less potential fine powder, which can effectively save the power consumption of crushing.

[0023] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a motor, a belt, a main pulley and a driven pulley. The top of the main frame is connected with a motor frame, the motor is installed on the motor frame, the main pulley is coaxially connected with the output end of the motor, the top end of the main shaft penetrates through the crushing chamber, the driven pulley is coaxially connected with the top end of the main shaft, and the belt is sleeved outside the main pulley and the driven pulley.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The drive unit in this solution adopts a drive structure of a motor, a belt and a pulley to drive the main shaft to rotate, which can effectively transmit the power of the motor to the main shaft, make the main shaft drive the entire rotor body to rotate, so that the hammer on the rotor body crushes the material.

[0025] Furthermore, two feed inlets communicating with the crushing chamber are opened at the top of the crushing chamber. The two feed inlets are respectively located on both sides of the main shaft. The feed hopper includes a main feed hopper, a first feed channel and a second feed channel communicating with the main feed hopper. The first feed channel and the second feed channel are respectively located on both sides of the main feed hopper and are respectively connected to the two feed inlets, and the top end of the main shaft is located between the first feed channel and the second feed channel.

[0026] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the first feeding channel and the second feeding channel of the feeding hopper enable materials to enter the inside of the pulverizing chamber from two feeding inlets at the top of the pulverizing chamber for pulverization. Since the main shaft is usually located in the middle of the pulverizing chamber, this can ensure the uniformity of pulverization, and the feeding methods of the first feeding channel and the second feeding channel can avoid interference with the installation of the main shaft. Description of the drawings

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram in the main view direction of Embodiment 1 of a hammer mill of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram in the main view direction of Embodiment 2 of a hammer mill of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram in the K direction in;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a partial structural diagram in the upward view direction of the rotor body and the pulverizing chamber in Embodiment 2 of a hammer mill of the present invention.

[0032] Marks in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0033] Main frame 1, motor frame 2, motor 3, belt 4, feeding hopper 5, main pulverizing chamber 500, first feeding channel 501, second feeding channel 502, pulverizing chamber 6, rotor body 7, upper mounting plate 701, lower mounting plate 702, hammer shaft 703, hammer disc 704, sleeve 705, spacer 706, hammer 8, fan blade 9, discharge hopper 10, main shaft 11. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a hammer mill, which includes a main frame 1, a crushing chamber 6 and a driving unit. The crushing chamber 6 is connected to the top of the main frame 1. In this embodiment, the crushing chamber 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1 by bolts. The crushing chamber 6 is vertically arranged, so that the crushing chamber 6 has a vertical crushing chamber structure.

[0037] The top and bottom of the crushing chamber 6 are respectively communicated with a feed hopper 5 and a discharge hopper 10. A rotor body 7 is arranged in the crushing chamber 6. The rotor body 7 is coaxially connected with a main shaft 11. The upper and lower parts of the main shaft 11 are respectively coaxially rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the crushing chamber 6 through bearings. The rotor body 7 and the main shaft 11 can be fixedly connected by clamping, welding, fitting, key and keyway connection or other means, which is not specifically limited herein. Those skilled in the art can select the connection method according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the main shaft 11 is located at the axis position of the crushing chamber 6 and is coaxially arranged with the crushing chamber 6. The driving unit is used to drive the main shaft 11 to rotate.

[0038] In this embodiment, the driving unit includes a motor 3, a belt 4, a main pulley and a driven pulley. The top of the main frame 1 is connected with a motor frame 2 by bolts. The motor 3 is installed on the motor frame 2, and the output end of the motor 3 is vertically arranged. The main pulley is coaxially connected with the output end of the motor 3. The top of the main shaft 11 passes through the top of the crushing chamber 6, and the driven pulley is coaxially connected with the top of the main shaft 11. The belt 4 is sleeved outside the main pulley and the driven pulley.

[0039] See Figure 2 As shown in the figure, two feed inlets communicating with the crushing chamber 6 are opened at the top of the crushing chamber 6. The two feed inlets are respectively located on both sides of the main shaft 11. The feed hopper 5 includes a main feed hopper 5, a first feed channel 501 and a second feed channel 502 communicating with the main feed hopper 5. The first feed channel 501 and the second feed channel 502 are respectively located on both sides of the main feed hopper 5 and are respectively connected to the two feed inlets. The top of the main shaft 11 is located between the first feed channel 501 and the second feed channel 502. This design of the feed hopper 5 can avoid interference with the installation of the main shaft 11 and the driven pulley.

[0040] In this embodiment, multiple layers of crushing units are connected to the outside of the rotor body 7. Each layer of crushing unit includes a plurality of hammer blades 8, and the plurality of hammer blades 8 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor body 7.

[0041] Combined with Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a fan blade 9 is connected to the lower part of the main shaft 11 in this embodiment. The fan blade 9 is installed in a spiral manner. The connection method between the fan blade 9 and the main shaft 11 is a prior art. Those skilled in the art can install it according to the installation and fixing method of the fan blade 9 in the prior art. The fan blade 9 in this embodiment is located below the rotor body 7.

[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0043] In the crusher of this embodiment, when crushing feed, the power for the rotation of the rotor body 7 is that the motor 3 transmits energy to the main shaft 11 through the belt 4 and the belt pulley. The main shaft 11 drives the rotor body 7 to rotate at a high speed. The high-speed rotation of the rotor body 7 drives the hammer blades 8 to rotate, and high-speed impact crushing is carried out on the materials entering the crushing chamber 6 through the feed inlet. At the same time, the materials are thrown at high speed towards the inner wall lining plate of the crushing chamber 6 for crushing. The materials thrown towards the inner wall lining plate of the crushing chamber 6 and the rebounded materials impact and grind each other until the materials reach the lower outlet and are carried out of the crushing chamber by the downward pressure air generated by the spiral fan blades 9 rotating with the rotor body 7.

[0044] In this embodiment, the materials are crushed by the multi-layer hammer blades 8 on the rotor body 7. At the same time, the materials are thrown at high speed towards the inner wall lining plate for crushing, and the materials will also form grinding and crushing between each other, which can improve the crushing speed of the powder materials.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the rotor body 7 in this embodiment includes an upper mounting plate 701, a lower mounting plate 702 and multiple hammer shafts 703. The number of hammer shafts 703 is the same as the number of hammer blades 8 in each layer of the crushing unit. Combining Figure 4 shown, there are 6 hammer shafts 703 in this embodiment, and there are 6 hammer blades 8 in each layer of the crushing unit.

[0047] The 6 hammer shafts 703 are evenly distributed circumferentially. Each hammer shaft 703 sequentially passes through the hammer blades 8 in multiple layers of the crushing unit to connect the hammer blades 8 in each layer in series. In this way, the 6 hammer blades 8 in each layer of the crushing unit are sequentially worn on the 6 hammer shafts 703, and the 6 hammer shafts 703 connect the hammer blades 8 in adjacent layers in series. The hammer shafts 703 are respectively connected to the upper mounting plate 701 and the lower mounting plate 702. In this embodiment, the two ends of the hammer shaft 703 are detachably connected to the upper mounting plate 701 and the lower mounting plate 702. Specifically: annular grooves are provided on the end faces of the upper mounting plate 701 and the lower mounting plate 702. In this embodiment, the annular groove is provided at the top of the upper mounting plate 701 and at the bottom of the lower mounting plate 702. Limit nuts are respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the hammer shaft 703, and the position of the hammer shaft 703 is locked by tightening the limit nuts. The limit nuts are located in the annular grooves, reducing or avoiding the area where the limit nuts protrude from the annular grooves. In this way, the height of the rotor body 7 in the vertical direction can be reduced, and thus the volume of the entire crusher can be reduced.

[0048] As Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, a spacer 706 is provided between two adjacent hammers 8 on each hammer shaft 703. The spacer 706 is sleeved on the hammer shaft 703. The spacer 706 can separate the hammers 8 in adjacent layers, avoiding collision between them, thus avoiding affecting the crushing effect and avoiding breakage due to mutual expansion, which affects the service life.

[0049] In the working process of the crusher in this embodiment, due to the rotation of the rotor body 7, the hammers 8 on the rotor body 7 will generate a centrifugal force. The hammers 8 are radially distributed. Therefore, the fulcrum of the hammer 8 is the hammer shaft 703 and not at the center of gravity, so it will not rotate by itself but will rotate circumferentially with the rotor body 7 to crush the material. In this embodiment, the sleeved manner of the spacer 706, the hammer 8 and the hammer shaft 703 is convenient for replacement after long-term use and wear, and its installation and disassembly methods are simple and convenient.

[0050] Embodiment 3

[0051] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, the rotor body 7 further includes a sleeve 705 and a plurality of hammer discs 704. The sleeve 705 is located inside the plurality of hammer shafts 703, and both ends of the sleeve 705 are fixedly connected to the upper mounting plate 701 and the lower mounting plate 702 respectively, and the sleeve 705 is coaxially arranged with the main shaft 11. The plurality of hammer discs 704 are sequentially spaced along the axial direction of the sleeve 705, and the six hammer shafts 703 sequentially pass through the plurality of hammer discs 704.

[0052] In this solution, the hammer discs 704 and the sleeve 705 can play a role in supporting the hammer shafts 703, and can effectively enhance the strength and stability of the entire rotor body 7.

[0053] Embodiment 4

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, the hammers in the multi-layer crushing unit are installed in a spiral manner, which can improve the crushing effect and facilitate discharging after crushing.

[0055] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of this document, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only used to illustrate the relative positional relationship between each component or component part, and does not specifically limit the specific installation orientation of each component or component part.

[0058] In the description of this document, in addition to being able to represent the orientation or positional relationship, some terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to the specific situation.

[0059] In the description of this document, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "linked" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there can also be internal communication between two devices, components or component parts. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific situation.

[0060] In the drawings of this application, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in this technical disclosure document for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementable limiting conditions of this application. Therefore, they do not have technical substantial significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that this application can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in this application.

[0061] The terms used in this document are those general terms that are currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions of this disclosure, but these terms can change according to the intentions of those of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms can be selected by the applicant, and in this case, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of this disclosure. Therefore, the terms used in the document should not be understood as simple names, but based on the meanings of the terms and the overall description of this disclosure.

[0062] Flowcharts or text are used in this document to illustrate the operating steps performed according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operating steps in the embodiments of the present application are not necessarily executed precisely in the recorded order. On the contrary, as needed, various steps can be executed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or more steps can be removed from these processes.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hammer mill, comprising a main frame, a crushing chamber and a driving unit, wherein the crushing chamber is connected to the top of the main frame, characterized in that: The crushing bin is vertically arranged, and the top and bottom ends of the crushing bin are respectively connected to a feed hopper and a discharge hopper, a rotor body is arranged in the crushing bin, the rotor body is coaxially connected to a main shaft, the upper and lower parts of the main shaft are respectively coaxially rotatably connected to the top and bottom ends of the crushing bin, and the driving unit is used to drive the main shaft to rotate; the outer side of the rotor body is connected to multiple layers of crushing units.

2. A hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the pulverizing units includes a plurality of hammers, and the plurality of hammers are distributed along the circumference of the rotor body.

3. A hammer mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor body includes an upper mounting plate, a lower mounting plate and a plurality of hammer shafts, the number of the hammer shafts being the same as the number of hammers in each layer of crushing units, the plurality of hammer shafts being distributed circumferentially, each of the hammer shafts sequentially passing through the hammers in the multiple layers of crushing units so that the hammers in each layer are connected in series with each other, and the two ends of each of the hammer shafts are respectively connected to the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate.

4. A hammer mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spacer is arranged between two adjacent hammers on each hammer shaft, and the spacer is sleeved on the hammer shaft.

5. A hammer mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper mounting plates and the lower mounting plates at both ends of the hammer shaft are detachably connected.

6. A hammer mill according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end surfaces of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are both provided with an annular groove, and both ends of the hammer shaft are respectively threadedly connected with limiting nuts, and the limiting nuts are located in the annular groove.

7. A hammer mill according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The rotor body also includes a sleeve and a plurality of hammer discs, wherein the sleeve is located on the inner side of the plurality of hammer shafts, the two ends of the sleeve are respectively connected to the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, and the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the main shaft, the plurality of hammer discs are sequentially spaced along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the plurality of hammer shafts sequentially pass through the plurality of hammer discs.

8. A hammer mill according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The lower part of the main shaft is connected with a fan blade, and the fan blade is located below the rotor body.

9. A hammer mill according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The driving unit includes a motor, a belt, a main pulley and a slave pulley. The top of the main frame is connected to the motor frame, the motor is installed on the motor frame, the main pulley is coaxially connected to the output end of the motor, the top of the main shaft passes through the crushing bin, the slave pulley is coaxially connected to the top of the main shaft, and the belt is sleeved on the outside of the main pulley and the slave pulley.

10. A hammer mill according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the crushing bin is provided with two feed inlets communicated with the crushing bin, and the two feed inlets are respectively located on both sides of the main shaft. The feed hopper includes a main feed hopper and a first feed channel and a second feed channel communicated with the main feed hopper, and the first feed channel and the second feed channel are respectively located on both sides of the main feed hopper and are respectively communicated with the two feed inlets, and the top of the main shaft is located between the first feed channel and the second feed channel.

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