Clamp mechanism and lathe

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of lathes, and particularly relates to a clamp mechanism and a lathe, the clamp mechanism comprises a clamp, a main shaft and a connector assembly, the clamp is detachably installed on the main shaft, and the main shaft is provided with an installation groove and a first channel used for controlling the clamp to be opened and closed; the connector assembly comprises a sliding block and a connector body, the sliding block is provided with a second channel, and the connector body is provided with a containing groove and a third channel communicated with the second channel. The joint body is mounted in the mounting groove; the sliding block is installed in the containing groove and slides in the containing groove to control connection and disconnection between the ends, away from the third channel, of the first channel and the second channel. According to the clamp mechanism, the main shaft can drive the clamp to rotate, and the connector assembly is in a static state, so that the stability of connection between the connector assembly and an external air supply device or an external liquid supply device is guaranteed, the accident of abrasion caused by friction between the connector assembly and the main shaft is avoided, and the service life of the clamp mechanism is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of lathes, in particular to a clamp mechanism and a lathe. Background Art

[0002] When a CNC lathe is turning parts, the parts need to be fixed on the spindle, and the spindle drives the parts to rotate so that the turning tool can turn the parts. In order to facilitate the fixing of parts on the spindle, a three-jaw chuck is usually used to fix the parts. With the continuous development of automation technology, the spindle is provided with an air channel or oil channel for controlling the automatic opening and closing of the three-jaw chuck, and the opening and closing of the three-jaw chuck is automatically controlled by the high-pressure gas or liquid input by the spindle; a pneumatic connector or a hydraulic connector needs to be set at the end of the spindle away from the three-jaw chuck, and the pneumatic connector or the hydraulic connector is connected to an external air supply device or a liquid supply device. At the same time, the pneumatic connector or the hydraulic connector will keep synchronous rotation with the spindle.

[0003] Due to the high rotation speed of the spindle, the pipes connected to the pneumatic joints or hydraulic joints may fall off or leak from the spindle, resulting in unstable air or fluid supply between the spindle and the three-jaw chuck. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that there is a technical problem of unstable air supply or liquid supply between the main shaft and the three-jaw chuck.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a clamp mechanism, including a clamp, a spindle and a joint assembly, wherein the clamp is detachably mounted on the spindle, and the spindle is provided with a mounting groove and a first channel for controlling the opening and closing of the clamp;

[0006] The joint assembly comprises a slider and a joint body, the slider is provided with a second channel, the joint body is provided with a receiving groove and a third channel connected to the second channel; the joint body is installed in the installation groove;

[0007] The slider is installed in the accommodating groove to control the connection and disconnection between the first channel and an end of the second channel away from the third channel.

[0008] Optionally, a fourth channel is further provided on the joint body, and a medium in the fourth channel is used to control the movement of the slider in the accommodating groove.

[0009] Optionally, the clamp mechanism further comprises an elastic component connected between the slider and the joint body, and the elastic component is used to drive the slider to move in the accommodating groove.

[0010] Optionally, the elastic component includes a guide member and an elastic member sleeved on the guide member. A chute is further provided on the joint body. The guide member is installed in the chute and connected to the slider. Opposite ends of the elastic member respectively abut against the guide member and the bottom wall of the chute.

[0011] Optionally, the joint assembly further includes a sealing ring installed on the slider and arranged around the second channel;

[0012] The sealing ring is used for sealing the connection between the first channel and the second channel when the second channel communicates with the first channel.

[0013] Optionally, the joint assembly further includes a bearing. The joint body is rotatably installed in the installation groove through the bearing.

[0014] Optionally, a guiding convex portion is provided on the slider. The second channel penetrates through the guiding convex portion. A guiding hole is further provided on the joint body. The guiding convex portion is slidably inserted into the guiding hole. The third channel communicates with the second channel through the guiding hole.

[0015] Optionally, the main shaft includes a main shaft body and a shaft cover detachably installed on the main shaft body. The installation groove is arranged between the main shaft body and the shaft cover. The first channel is arranged on the main shaft body. The fixture is detachably installed at one end of the main shaft body away from the shaft cover.

[0016] Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a lathe, including the above-mentioned fixture mechanism.

[0017] In the present invention, when the slider moves in the receiving groove to abut against the bottom wall of the installation groove, one end of the second channel away from the third channel communicates with the first channel. Thus, the high-pressure medium in the third channel will sequentially flow into the control hole of the fixture through the second channel and the first channel, and then control the fixture to be in an open state. When the slider moves in the receiving groove away from the bottom wall of the installation groove, the second channel does not communicate with the first channel. The high-pressure medium in the control hole of the fixture will be depressurized through the first channel. The fixture will be in a clamping state due to the rebound force of the elastic member, etc. At this time, the main shaft can drive the fixture to rotate, and the joint assembly is in a static state, ensuring the stability of the connection between the joint assembly and an external air supply device or liquid supply device, and avoiding accidents of wear due to friction between the joint assembly and the main shaft, and extending the service life of the fixture mechanism. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a fixture mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a top view of the fixture mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0023] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0024] 1. Fixture; 2. Spindle; 21. First channel; 22. Installation groove; 23. Spindle body; 24. Axle cover; 3. Connector assembly; 31. Slide block; 311. Second channel; 312. Guide projection; 32. Connector body; 321. Accommodation groove; 322. Third channel; 323. Fourth channel; 324. Slide groove; 325. Guide hole; 33. Elastic component; 331. Guide member; 332. Elastic member; 34. Sealing ring; 35. Bearing. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0026] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "middle", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, a fixture mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present utility model includes a fixture 1, a spindle 2, and a joint assembly 3. The fixture 1 is detachably installed on the spindle 2. An installation groove 22 and a first channel 21 for controlling the opening and closing of the fixture 1 are provided on the spindle 2. It can be understood that the fixture 1 includes, but is not limited to, a zero-point chuck, a three-jaw chuck, etc. When high-pressure gas or liquid is input into the fixture 1 through the first channel 21, the fixture 1 will be in an open state. When the high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid in the first channel 21 is in a pressure-relief state, the fixture 1 will be in a clamping state due to the rebound force of an elastic member 332, etc. The fixture 1 is a conventional component in the art, and the specific structure of the fixture 1 will not be described in detail here.

[0028] The joint assembly 3 includes a slider 31 and a joint body 32. A second channel 311 is provided on the slider 31. A receiving groove 321 and a third channel 322 communicating with the second channel 311 are provided on the joint body 32. The joint body 32 is installed in the installation groove 22. It can be understood that a part of the joint body 32 is located in the installation groove 22, and the other part of the joint body 32 is located outside the installation groove 22. The joint body 32 located outside the installation groove 22 can be connected to an external gas supply device or liquid supply device through a pipeline. Further explained, the joint body 32 is rotatably installed in the installation groove 22.

[0029] The slider 31 is installed in the receiving groove 321. The movement of the slider in the receiving groove controls the on-off between the first channel 21 and the end of the second channel 311 far from the third channel 322. Further explained, the slider 31 can slide in the installation groove.

[0030] In the present utility model, when the slider 31 moves in the receiving groove 321 and abuts against the bottom wall of the mounting groove 22, one end of the second channel 311 away from the third channel 322 communicates with the first channel 21. Thus, the high-pressure medium in the third channel 322 will sequentially flow into the control hole of the fixture 1 through the second channel 311 and the first channel 21, thereby controlling the fixture 1 to be in an open state. When the slider 31 moves in the receiving groove 321 away from the bottom wall of the mounting groove 22, the second channel 311 does not communicate with the first channel 21, and the high-pressure medium in the control hole of the fixture 1 will be depressurized through the first channel 21. Due to the rebounding force of the elastic member and the like, the fixture 1 will be in a clamping state. At this time, the spindle 2 can drive the fixture 1 to rotate, and the joint assembly 3 is in a stationary state, ensuring the stability of the connection between the joint assembly 3 and an external gas supply device or liquid supply device, and avoiding accidents of wear due to friction between the joint assembly 3 and the spindle 2, thus prolonging the service life of the fixture mechanism.

[0031] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a fourth channel 323 is further provided on the joint body 32, and the medium (such as high-pressure gas, high-pressure liquid, etc.) in the fourth channel 323 is used to control the movement of the slider 31 in the receiving groove 321.

[0032] Specifically, the high-pressure medium in the fourth channel 323 will drive the slider 31 to move towards the spindle 2 until the spindle 2 abuts against the bottom wall of the mounting groove 22, and the second channel 311 communicates with the first channel 21. In this embodiment, the medium in the fourth channel 323 can control the movement of the slider 31 in the receiving groove 321, eliminating the need for an additional power device, improving the compactness of the fixture mechanism, and reducing its manufacturing cost.

[0033] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the fixture mechanism further includes an elastic component 33 connected between the slider 31 and the joint body 32, and the elastic component 33 is used to drive the slider 31 to move in the receiving groove 321. It can be understood that the elastic component 33 includes, but is not limited to, springs, compression springs, etc.; and the direction in which the high-pressure medium in the fourth channel 323 drives the slider 31 to move is opposite to the direction in which the elastic component 33 drives the slider 31 to move.

[0034] Specifically, the high-pressure medium in the fourth channel 323 will drive the slider 31 towards the main shaft 2 until the slider 31 abuts against the bottom wall of the mounting groove 22. The second channel 311 communicates with the first channel 21, and the slider 31 will compress the elastic component 33. When the high-pressure medium in the fourth channel 323 is depressurized, the rebounding force of the elastic component 33 will cause the slider 31 to move away from the bottom wall of the mounting groove 22, and the second channel 311 will not communicate with the first channel 21. In this embodiment, the fixture mechanism has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0035] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the elastic component 33 includes a guide member 331 and an elastic member 332 sleeved on the guide member 331. The joint body 32 is further provided with a chute 324. The guide member 331 is installed in the chute 324 and connected to the slider 31. Opposite ends of the elastic member 332 respectively abut against the guide member 331 and the bottom wall of the chute 324. It can be understood that the elastic member 332 includes but is not limited to a spring, etc. One end of the elastic member 332 abuts against the bottom wall of the chute 324, and the other end of the elastic member 332 can abut against a convex portion of the guide member 331. The guide member 331 includes but is not limited to a screw, a bolt, etc. Further, the guide member 331 can slide in the chute 324.

[0036] Specifically, during the movement of the slider 31 in the receiving groove 321, the guide member 331 slides along the chute 324, and the guide member 331 will compress the elastic member 332. In this embodiment, the guide member 331 can not only compress the elastic member 332 but also play a guiding role, ensuring the stability of the movement of the slider 31 in the receiving groove 321.

[0037] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the joint assembly 3 further includes a sealing ring 34 installed on the slider 31 and disposed around the second channel 331. It can be understood that one end of the second channel 311 away from the third channel 322 is located inside the sealing ring 34.

[0038] The sealing ring 34 is used to seal the connection between the first channel 21 and the second channel 311 when the second channel 331 communicates with the first channel 21.

[0039] Specifically, when the slider 31 abuts against the bottom wall of the installation groove 22, the sealing ring 34 is squeezed between the slider 31 and the bottom wall of the installation groove 22, so that the sealing ring 34 can prevent leakage accidents from occurring at the connection between the first channel 21 and the second channel 311. When the slider 31 moves away from the bottom wall of the installation groove 22, the sealing ring 34 moves away from the bottom wall of the installation groove 22. When the main shaft 2 rotates, accidents of damaging the sealing ring 34 due to frictional heat between the sealing ring 34 and the main shaft 2 are avoided.

[0040] In one embodiment, an annular groove is provided on the slider 31, and the sealing ring 34 is installed in the annular groove.

[0041] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the joint assembly 3 further includes a bearing 35, and the joint body 32 is rotatably installed in the installation groove 22 through the bearing 35. It can be understood that the inner ring of the bearing 35 is sleeved on the joint body 32, the outer wall of the bearing 35 abuts against the side wall of the installation groove 22, and the design of the bearing 35 ensures the relative rotational stability between the joint assembly 3 and the main shaft 2.

[0042] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a guiding convex portion 312 is provided on the slider 31, the second channel 311 penetrates through the guiding convex portion 312, a guiding hole 325 is further provided on the joint body 32, the guiding convex portion 312 is slidably inserted into the guiding hole 325, and the third channel 322 communicates with the second channel 311 through the guiding hole 325. It can be understood that the guiding convex portion 312 is provided at one end of the slider 31 facing away from the first channel 21. During the movement of the slider 31 in the receiving groove 321, the guiding convex portion 312 slides in the guiding hole 325, further ensuring the stability of the movement of the slider 31 in the receiving groove 321.

[0043] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the main shaft 2 includes a main shaft body 23 and a shaft cover 24 detachably installed on the main shaft body 23. The installation groove 22 is provided between the main shaft body 23 and the shaft cover 24. The first channel 21 is provided on the main shaft body 23, and the fixture 1 is detachably installed at one end of the main shaft body 23 away from the shaft cover 24. It can be understood that the shaft cover 24 can be installed on the main shaft body 23 through fixing members such as screws and bolts. The detachable connection between the shaft cover 24 and the main shaft body 23 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the joint assembly 3.

[0044] Another embodiment of the present utility model further provides a lathe, which includes the above-mentioned fixture mechanism.

[0045] The above are only embodiments of the fixture mechanism of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a fixture, a spindle and a joint assembly, wherein the fixture is detachably mounted on the spindle, and the spindle is provided with a mounting groove and a first channel for controlling the opening and closing of the fixture; The joint assembly comprises a slider and a joint body, the slider is provided with a second channel, the joint body is provided with a receiving groove and a third channel connected to the second channel; the joint body is installed in the installation groove; The slider is installed in the accommodating groove, and the movement of the slider in the accommodating groove controls the connection and disconnection between the first channel and an end of the second channel away from the third channel.

2. The clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint body is also provided with a fourth channel, and the medium in the fourth channel is used to control the movement of the slider in the accommodating groove.

3. The clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp mechanism further comprises an elastic component connected between the slider and the joint body, and the elastic component is used for driving the slider to move in the accommodating groove.

4. The clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a guide member and an elastic member sleeved on the guide member. A slide groove is also provided on the joint body. The guide member is installed in the slide groove and connected to the slider. The opposite ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the guide member and the bottom wall of the slide groove.

5. The clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint assembly further includes a sealing ring mounted on the slider and arranged around the second channel; The sealing ring is used to seal the connection between the first channel and the second channel when the second channel is connected to the first channel.

6. The clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint assembly further comprises a bearing, and the joint body is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove via the bearing.

7. The clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider is provided with a guide protrusion, the second channel passes through the guide protrusion, the joint body is further provided with a guide hole, the guide protrusion is slidably inserted in the guide hole, and the third channel is connected to the second channel through the guide hole.

8. The clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle includes a spindle body and a shaft cover detachably mounted on the spindle body, the mounting groove is arranged between the spindle body and the shaft cover, the first channel is arranged on the spindle body, and the clamp is detachably mounted on one end of the spindle body away from the shaft cover.

9. A lathe, characterized in that: Comprising the clamp mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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