Circuit breaking device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a circuit breaking device. The circuit breaking device comprises a buffer cavity which comprises a pair of cut-off channels arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the buffer cavity and a buffer space communicated with the cut-off channels; a conductive plate disposed at the openings of the pair of cutoff channels; the cut-off piece comprises a piston part and a pair of cut-off parts, the pair of cut-off parts are coupled to the side, close to the buffer cavity, of the piston part in the axis direction, so that the pair of cut-off parts move in the axis direction to cut off the conductive plate and move to the pair of cut-off channels under the condition that the circuit breaking condition is met, and arc extinguishing narrow slits are formed between the cut-off parts and the cut-off channels; the one-way airflow channel is arranged in the buffer cavity and located between the side wall of the cut-off channel and the tail end of the buffer space so as to allow gas in the buffer space to flow to the arc extinguishing narrow slit from the tail end in the one-way airflow direction in the movement process of the cut-off part in the pair of cut-off channels. Therefore, the arc extinguishing efficiency can be improved, and the air pressure balance in the circuit breaking device can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of electrically controlled devices, and particularly to a circuit breaker device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of circuit protection, pyrotechnic circuit breakers are widely used in high-voltage and high-current power systems. During the operation of current pyrotechnic circuit breakers, with the instant generation of an arc, a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region will rapidly form inside the pyrotechnic circuit breaker. However, in this case, since the pyrotechnic circuit breaker adopts a fully enclosed housing, a phenomenon of frequent oscillation will occur between the high-pressure region and the low-pressure region, thereby affecting the arc extinguishing effect of the pyrotechnic circuit breaker and the reliability of circuit protection. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The objective of the present disclosure is to provide a circuit breaker device to at least partially solve the above problems and / or other potential problems existing in traditional circuit breaker devices.

[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a circuit breaker device is provided. The circuit breaker device includes: a buffer cavity, including a pair of cutting channels arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the buffer cavity and a buffer space communicating with the cutting channels; a conductive plate, arranged at the openings at one end of the pair of cutting channels in the axial direction and at least partially covering the pair of cutting channels; a cutting member, including a piston portion and a pair of cutting portions, the pair of cutting portions being coupled to the side of the piston portion close to the buffer cavity along the axial direction, the pair of cutting portions being arranged to be aligned with the pair of cutting channels in the axial direction so that, when the circuit breaking condition is met, the pair of cutting portions move along the axial direction to cut the conductive plate and move into the pair of cutting channels, and an arc extinguishing narrow slit is formed between the cutting portions and the cutting channels; and a unidirectional air flow channel, arranged in the buffer cavity and located between the side wall of the cutting channel and the end of the buffer space, to allow the gas in the buffer space to flow from the end along the unidirectional air flow direction to the arc extinguishing narrow slit during the movement of the cutting portion in the pair of cutting channels.

[0005] In an embodiment according to the present disclosure, by forming an arc extinguishing narrow slit between the cutting portion and the cutting channel, it is beneficial to rapidly increase the arc voltage and accelerate the arc extinguishing process, thereby improving the arc extinguishing efficiency. In addition, the setting of the unidirectional air flow channel ensures that during the movement of the cutting portion, the gas in the buffer space can flow along the preset direction to the arc extinguishing narrow slit. This enables the low-temperature gas in the buffer space to continuously enter the arc extinguishing narrow slit to rapidly cool the arc, further preventing the re-ignition of the arc and providing a double guarantee for stable and reliable arc extinguishing operation. Additionally, the air pressure balance inside the circuit breaker device can be ensured through the unidirectional air flow channel. Other benefits will be described in conjunction with the corresponding embodiments below.

[0006] In some embodiments, the unidirectional air flow channel includes: a channel body arranged along the gas flow direction and including a plurality of sub-channels arranged in a zigzag manner; and a plurality of side channels respectively arranged on the side walls of the channel body at intervals along the channel body and communicating with the channel body. Each side channel in the plurality of side channels includes a straight section and a transition section. The straight section is connected to the corresponding sub-channel in the plurality of sub-channels and extends a certain distance in the direction opposite to the unidirectional air flow direction. The transition section is bent or arc-transitioned from the end of the straight section and communicates with the sub-channel upstream of the corresponding sub-channel in the unidirectional air flow direction.

[0007] In some embodiments, the buffer cavity includes a support portion arranged between a pair of cut-off channels. The support portion includes a stop member arranged along the axial direction, and the piston portion includes a clamping groove arranged between a pair of cut-off portions. The clamping groove is arranged to accommodate the stop member after the pair of cut-off portions move in place along the pair of cut-off channels, so that the cut-off member stops moving.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the buffer space in the cross-section parallel to the axial direction is in a U-shaped structure, and one branch of the U-shaped structure is connected to the corresponding cut-off channel; and the buffer cavity includes an orifice plate arranged between the cut-off channel and the branch of the U-shaped structure of the corresponding buffer space.

[0009] In some embodiments, the conductive plate includes: a plurality of narrow-diameter portions respectively aligned with a pair of cut-off portions, and adapted to cause the conductive plate to break at at least one of the narrow-diameter portions under the action of the impact force of the pair of cut-off portions moving along the axial direction when the circuit-breaking device is in the working state.

[0010] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of narrow-diameter portions includes a V-shaped break point structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cut-off member further includes: a guiding portion coupled to both sides of the cut-off portion along the cut-off direction, and the buffer cavity further includes a guiding groove cooperating with the guiding portion to be adapted for the pair of cut-off portions to enter the cut-off channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the circuit-breaking device further includes: an impact cavity coupled to the buffer cavity, and the cut-off member is axially coupled inside the impact cavity.

[0013] In some embodiments, the circuit-breaking device further includes: an ignition assembly axially coupled to the top end of the impact cavity.

[0014] In some embodiments, the piston portion of the cut-off member further includes: an explosion chamber arranged corresponding to the ignition assembly, adapted to detonate the explosive in the explosion chamber via the ignition assembly when the circuit-breaking condition is met, so as to generate a thrust for the cut-off member to move along the axial direction.

[0015] It should be understood that the content described in this content part is not intended to define the key features or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understandable through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and with reference to the following detailed description, the above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements, where:

[0017] Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of a circuit breaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 2 shows an exploded schematic view of a circuit breaker according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 3 shows a schematic structural view of a buffer cavity according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 4 shows a top view of a buffer cavity according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 5 shows a schematic internal structural view of a buffer cavity according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 6 shows a schematic structural view of a conductive plate according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 7 shows a schematic structural view of a cutting member according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 8 shows a front view of a cutting member according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutting member according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 10 shows a schematic structural view when the circuit breaking condition is not satisfied according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0027] Figure 11 shows a schematic structural view after the circuit breaking condition is satisfied according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "including" and its similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The term "some embodiments" should be understood as "at least some embodiments". There may also be other explicit and implicit definitions hereinafter. The terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to different or the same objects. There may also be other explicit and implicit definitions hereinafter.

[0030] As briefly mentioned above, there is a problem of poor arc extinguishing effect. During the arc extinguishing process, effective narrow-gap arc extinguishing is achieved based on the following conditions. First, the narrow-gap space needs to maintain a small size, which is conducive to the rapid increase of the arc voltage to prompt the arc to extinguish as soon as possible. Second, during the arcing period, the pressure in the arc extinguishing space must be effectively controlled. If the pressure is too high, it is easy to cause the explosion of the arc extinguishing chamber, which may lead to problems such as external short circuits, posing a hidden danger to the safety of the entire circuit system. Moreover, the arc in the pyrotechnic circuit breaker needs to be rapidly cooled to prevent the re-ignition of the arc and ensure that the circuit can stably return to a safe state.

[0031] However, the current pyrotechnic circuit breaker uses a fully enclosed housing. During operation, when an arc is generated, the gas between the high-pressure and low-pressure regions cannot achieve effective flow and balance. Frequent oscillations occur between the high-pressure and low-pressure regions. This oscillation not only affects the normal flow of the gas but also hinders the downward movement of the high-pressure gas to the arc extinguishing region as expected. This seriously interferes with the arc extinguishing process, making it difficult to meet the conditions for narrow-gap arc extinguishing, thereby reducing the arc extinguishing effect of the pyrotechnic circuit breaker and the reliability of circuit protection.

[0032] To solve or at least partially solve the above problems or other potential problems of the circuit breaker in the traditional solution, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a circuit breaker solution. According to the solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuit breaker includes a buffer cavity, a conductive plate, a cutting member, and a unidirectional air flow channel. Specifically, the buffer cavity includes a pair of cutting channels and a buffer space. The pair of cutting channels are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the buffer cavity, and the pair of cutting channels communicate with the buffer space. Further, the conductive plate is arranged at the opening at one end of the pair of cutting channels in the axial direction and at least partially covers the pair of cutting channels. Further, the cutting member includes a piston portion and a pair of cutting portions. The pair of cutting portions are coupled to the side of the piston portion close to the buffer cavity in the axial direction, and the pair of cutting portions are arranged to be aligned with the pair of cutting channels in the axial direction so as to allow the pair of cutting portions to cut the conductive plate and move along the cutting channels when the circuit breaking condition is satisfied, and an arc extinguishing narrow slit is formed between the cutting portions and the cutting channels. Further, the unidirectional air flow channel is arranged in the buffer cavity and between the side wall of the cutting channel and the end of the buffer space to allow the gas in the buffer space to flow from the end to the arc extinguishing narrow slit along the unidirectional air flow direction during the movement of the cutting portion in the pair of cutting channels.

[0033] In this way, by forming an arc extinguishing narrow slit between the cutting portion and the cutting channel, it is beneficial to rapidly increase the arc voltage and accelerate the arc extinguishing process, thereby improving the arc extinguishing efficiency. In addition, the setting of the unidirectional air flow channel ensures that during the movement of the cutting portion, the gas in the buffer space can flow to the arc extinguishing narrow slit along the preset direction. This enables the low-temperature gas in the buffer space to continuously enter the arc extinguishing narrow slit, rapidly cool the arc, and further prevent the re-ignition of the arc, providing a double guarantee for stable and reliable arc extinguishing operation. Additionally, the air pressure balance inside the circuit breaker can be ensured through the unidirectional air flow channel. This not only improves the working performance of the circuit breaker but also reduces other risks that may be caused by the circuit breaking operation, such as external short circuits, etc., thereby ensuring the safe operation of the circuit system.

[0034] In addition, the installation direction of this circuit breaker is not limited for users, thus improving the convenience and flexibility of its use. In other words, during the installation process, users do not need to consider specific direction restrictions and can flexibly arrange according to actual needs and installation environments, reducing the installation difficulty and cost, expanding its application scope, and being able to adapt to various complex electrical installation scenarios.

[0035] Moreover, compared with traditional circuit breakers, the pyrotechnic circuit breaker has a faster response speed than traditional circuit breakers. For example, the cutting time of the pyrotechnic circuit breaker is only 0.2 ms, and the arc extinguishing time is less than 1 ms, while the cutting time of traditional circuit breakers is 800 ms, and the arc extinguishing time is 2 s.

[0036] In terms of breaking capacity, the pyrotechnic circuit breaker solves the problem of difficult breaking of large current direct current by traditional circuit breakers, and can effectively cope with various complex circuit current conditions, ensuring reliable circuit breaking even under conditions such as high current.

[0037] In terms of protection mode, the pyrotechnic circuit breaker adopts an active protection mechanism, which can actively monitor the circuit state and respond in a timely manner, while traditional circuit breakers are usually passive protection.

[0038] In terms of physical characteristics, the pyrotechnic circuit breaker has no arcing phenomenon, thus improving the safety of use and reducing potential safety hazards such as fires that may be caused by arcing. And it has a small volume. Compared with the large volume of traditional circuit breakers, it is more flexible and convenient in installation and layout, can adapt to various complex installation environments, and saves installation space. At the same time, compared with traditional circuit breakers, the pyrotechnic circuit breaker reduces costs.

[0039] The following will be combined with Figures 1 to 11 to describe an exemplary structure of the circuit breaking device 100. In the following text, the concept of the present disclosure will be mainly described in the case of a pyrotechnic circuit breaker applied to electric vehicles, UPS, charging piles, energy storage, photovoltaic, wind power, and ships. It should be understood that the situation of the circuit breaking device 100 with other scenario applications is similar, and will not be separately described hereinafter.

[0040] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, the circuit breaking device 100 provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a buffer cavity 121, a conductive plate 200, and a cutting member 130.

[0041] Specifically, the buffer cavity 121 includes a pair of cutting channels 1211, a support portion 122, a stop member 123, and a buffer space 125. The pair of cutting channels 1211 are spaced apart in the axial direction A of the buffer cavity 121, and the pair of cutting channels 1211 provide a path for subsequent circuit breaking and related operations. When the breaking condition is met, some components of the cutting member 130 can move orderly along these two cutting channels 1211. At the same time, each buffer space 125 communicates with the corresponding cutting channel 1211.

[0042] The support portion 122 is disposed between a pair of cutting channels 1211. Further, the support portion 122 provides a stable support for the conductive plate 200. When the open - circuit condition is met, the support portion 122 works in cooperation with other components to provide the necessary support and assistance for the action of cutting the conductive plate 200, so that during the process of cutting the conductive plate 200, the accuracy and effectiveness of the cutting action can be ensured. Further, the stop member 123 is disposed on the support portion 122 along the axial direction A. The stop member 123 can accurately prevent the cutting member 130 from rebounding under the reaction force of the conductive plate 200, achieving precise control of the motion state of the cutting member 130. In some embodiments, the stop member 123 can be integrally formed on the support portion 122, or can be assembled on the support portion 122 by welding, riveting, bonding or other connection methods, and specific limitations are not made in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0043] Further, the conductive plate 200 is arranged at the opening at one end of a pair of cutting channels 1211 along the axial direction A, so that the conductive plate 200 can form a tight fitting relationship with the cutting channels 1211 and other related components. At the same time, the conductive plate 200 at least partially covers a pair of cutting channels 1211. In the normal circuit working state, the conductive plate 200 can effectively conduct the current through the area where the cutting channels 1211 are located to maintain the normal operation of the circuit. In addition, when the open - circuit condition is met, the cutting member 130 corresponding to the conductive plate 200 can accurately interact with the conductive plate 200 in the area where it covers the cutting channels 1211, so as to achieve efficient cutting of the conductive plate 200 to disconnect the circuit.

[0044] Further, the cutting member 130 includes a piston portion 1301 and a pair of cutting portions 1302. The pair of cutting portions 1302 are tightly coupled to the side of the piston portion 1301 close to the buffer cavity 121 along the axial direction A. At the same time, the pair of cutting portions 1302 are located on the side of the conductive plate 200 away from the cutting channels 1211 and are accurately aligned with a pair of cutting channels 1211 in the axial direction A. When the open - circuit condition is met, the cutting portions 1302 can quickly cut the conductive plate 200 at a preset angle and position. Utilizing its alignment relationship with the cutting channels 1211 in the axial direction A, after cutting the conductive plate 200, the cutting portions 1302 can move along the cutting channels 1211 smoothly, ensuring the coherence and efficiency of the open - circuit operation.

[0045] In some embodiments, the piston portion 1301 may include a card slot 131 located between a pair of cutting portions 1302. During the movement of the pair of cutting portions 1302 along the cutting channel 1211, the card slot 131 also moves together with the piston portion 1301. When the pair of cutting portions 1302 move along the pair of cutting channels 1211 to a designated position, that is, when they are in place, the card slot 131 is arranged to exactly accommodate the stop member 123. At this time, the stop member 123 is snapped into the card slot 131, and through their mutual cooperation, a mechanical blocking effect is generated, so that the cutting member 130 can stop moving in time. Therefore, the movement range and the final position of the cutting member 130 can be accurately controlled, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the open circuit operation, and avoiding the influence of the rebound or excessive movement of the cutting member 130 on the performance and effect of the open circuit device 100.

[0046] Further, there is an arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 between the cutting portion 1302 and the cutting channel 1211, see Figure 11 . The arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 provides a path and an environment for the treatment of the arc. When the cutting portion 1302 starts the cutting operation and contacts the conductive plate 200, the circuit is instantaneously disconnected. At this time, due to the changes in current and voltage in the circuit, an arc will be generated between the cutting portion 1302 and the conductive plate 200. For example, the width of the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 is 0.2 mm to 2 mm.

[0047] Further, the narrow spatial structure of the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 can exert a strong constraining effect on the arc. When the arc is generated, it will be attracted by the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 and enter it. Inside the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102, due to the limitation of space, the arc will be stretched and cooled. The stretching of the arc increases its voltage, thereby accelerating the arc extinguishing process. At the same time, the wall surface of the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 can absorb the heat of the arc, further reducing the temperature of the arc and making it lose the energy to maintain combustion more quickly.

[0048] In addition, the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 can also prevent the arc from spreading to the surroundings, avoiding damage to other components or affecting the normal operation of the open circuit device 100. It concentrates the arc in a relatively small area for treatment, ensuring that the arc can be quickly and safely eliminated, thus ensuring the performance and safety of the open circuit device 100.

[0049] Further, the buffer cavity 121 of the open circuit device 100 further includes a unidirectional air flow channel 126. The unidirectional air flow channel 126 is arranged at a preset position in the buffer cavity 121 between the side wall of the cutting channel 1211 and the end of the buffer space.

[0050] When a pair of cutting parts 1302 move within a pair of cutting channels 1211, gas flow is generated. During this process, the gas state within the buffer space is affected. The existence of the unidirectional gas flow channel 126 provides a flow path for the gas in the buffer space, and its function is to allow the gas in the buffer space to flow from the end along the unidirectional gas flow direction towards the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102. When the cutting part 1302 moves within the cutting channel 1211 and phenomena such as electric arcs occur, the gas flowing towards the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 can effectively handle and cool these electric arcs.

[0051] Furthermore, the flow of gas along the unidirectional gas flow channel 126 is directional, and this unidirectionality ensures that the gas can stably and continuously flow towards the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 without reverse flow or disorder. When the gas reaches the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102, it can blow and cool the electric arc, helping the electric arc to extinguish more quickly. At the same time, the gas flow can also carry away a part of the heat and impurities generated by the electric arc, keeping the environment around the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 clean and stable, see Figure 5 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 。

[0052] Exemplarily, the circuit breaker device 100 in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the breaking in high current and high voltage environments. For example, it can be applied to an environment with a voltage of 700V and a current of 5000A. Of course, it can also be applied to other voltage and current environments, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0053] In this way, the unidirectional gas flow channel 126 effectively guides and utilizes the gas during the operation of the circuit breaker device 100, improving the arc extinguishing efficiency and performance stability of the circuit breaker device 100.

[0054] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, the circuit breaker device 100 further includes an impact cavity 111. In the circuit breaker device 100, the impact cavity 111 is tightly coupled to the buffer cavity 121, and the two together constitute the main structure of the circuit breaker device 100. In addition, the circuit breaker device 100 further includes an upper housing 110 outside the impact cavity 111 for fixing and protecting the impact cavity 111. At the same time, the circuit breaker device 100 further includes a lower housing 120 outside the buffer cavity 121 for fixing and protecting the buffer cavity 121. The upper housing 110 and the lower housing 120 can be connected by bolts 101 or other connection methods, and specific limitations are not made here.

[0055] The cutting member 130 described above is coupled inside the impact cavity 111 along the axial direction A. Through this coupling method, the impact cavity 111 provides a stable installation and operation environment for the cutting member 130. The impact cavity 111 can protect the cutting member 130 from being interfered with and damaged by external environmental factors. In addition, through the coupled connection with the buffer cavity 121, the impact cavity 111 can cooperate with the buffer cavity 121 to achieve precise control and guidance of the cutting member 130 during the open-circuit operation.

[0056] When the open-circuit device 100 needs to work, the tight connection between the impact cavity 111 and the buffer cavity 121 ensures the structural stability of the entire device. When the cutting member 130 moves along the axial direction A, it can maintain an accurate movement trajectory. The internal structure of the impact cavity 111 and its cooperation with the cutting member 130 can, when the open-circuit condition is met, provide the necessary power transmission and movement guidance for the cutting member 130, ensuring that a pair of cutting parts 1302 of the cutting member 130 can start from the initial position and move along the axial direction A towards the cutting channel 1211 of the buffer cavity 121 to complete the cutting operation of the conductive plate 200, and then continue to move along the cutting channel 1211 until the clamping groove 131 of the piston part 1301 interacts with the stop member 123 of the support part 122 of the buffer cavity 121 to stop the movement of the cutting member 130, thus accurately and efficiently completing the entire open-circuit process.

[0057] In some embodiments, the open-circuit device 100 further includes an ignition assembly 1111. The ignition assembly 1111 is coupled to the top of the impact cavity 111 along the axial direction A, enabling the ignition assembly 1111 to quickly receive and respond to a trigger signal when an open-circuit operation needs to be initiated.

[0058] When the open-circuit condition is met, the ignition assembly 1111 is activated. Due to its tight coupling relationship with the impact cavity 111, the ignition assembly 1111 can efficiently transfer the generated energy to the cutting member 130 to provide initial power for the start of the cutting member 130.

[0059] The coupling method of the ignition assembly 1111 along the axial direction A ensures the directionality and stability of energy transfer. Along the axial direction A, the ignition assembly 1111 can concentrate and accurately transfer the energy to the part that needs to act, enabling the cutting member 130 to start acting along the axial direction A, such as pushing a pair of cutting parts 1302 of the cutting member 130 towards the conductive plate 200 to achieve the cutting operation of the conductive plate 200.

[0060] Meanwhile, the ignition assembly 1111 located at the top of the impact cavity 111 is connected to an external control circuit or trigger device, capable of timely receiving external control signals to ensure the start of the open - circuit operation at the accurate timing, thus guaranteeing the safety and stability of the entire circuit system.

[0061] In some embodiments, the piston portion 1301 of the cutting member 130 further includes an explosion chamber 1304. The explosion chamber 1304 is correspondingly arranged with the ignition assembly 1111 at the top of the impact cavity 111, which can ensure an efficient energy transfer and conversion process when the open - circuit condition is met.

[0062] When the triggering condition for the open - circuit is achieved, the ignition assembly 1111 quickly starts to work. At this time, the ignition assembly 1111 precisely ignites the explosive placed in advance in the explosion chamber 1304. After the explosive is detonated, a huge amount of energy is released instantaneously.

[0063] Since the explosion chamber 1304 is located in the piston portion 1301, the energy released by it can directly act on the cutting member 130. This energy is converted into thrust, pushing the cutting member 130 to move along the axial direction A. This thrust has a powerful explosive force and directivity, enabling the pair of cutting portions 1302 of the cutting member 130 to advance towards the conductive plate 200 at an extremely high speed, thereby achieving the cutting operation on the conductive plate 200.

[0064] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, in some embodiments, the buffer cavity 121 further includes a buffer space and an orifice plate 124. In a cross - section parallel to the axial direction A, the cross - sectional shape of the buffer space is a U - shaped structure. One branch of the U - shaped structure is connected to the corresponding cutting channel 1211, forming a smooth channel connection system. When the open - circuit operation is carried out, the energy generated in the cutting channel 1211 can enter the buffer space through the cutting channel 1211 connected to the buffer space for temporary storage or buffering. For example, the arc energy generated during the cutting of the conductive plate 200 can be guided to the buffer space to a certain extent, avoiding interference or damage to the cutting channel 1211 and other parts.

[0065] Furthermore, the orifice plate 124 is disposed between the cut-off channel 1211 and the branch of the U-shaped structure of the corresponding buffer space. The orifice plate 124 can regulate the flow rate, velocity, etc. of the cutting residues or energy entering the buffer space from the cut-off channel 1211. At the moment of the open circuit, when an electric arc or the like is generated, the orifice plate 124 can, through its own pore structure and physical properties, impose certain constraints and guidance on the diffusion direction and velocity of the electric arc, enabling it to flow into the buffer space or a preset path more orderly. At the same time, the orifice plate 124 can also prevent the cutting residues from entering the buffer space, thus ensuring the working order and stability inside the entire open circuit device 100. Through the synergistic effect of the buffer space and the orifice plate 124, the buffer cavity 121 can better cope with various situations generated during the open circuit process, improving the reliability and safety of the open circuit device 100. For example, the orifice plate 124 can be integrally formed inside the buffer cavity 121, or can also be formed inside the buffer cavity 121 by means of pasting, welding or other connection methods, and specific limitations are not made in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0066] In addition, when the open circuit device 100 is operating, when an electric arc is generated in the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 described below, it will instantly cause an increase in the gas pressure inside the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102. If the pressure cannot be released in a timely and effective manner, the excessive pressure may damage the structure of the entire open circuit device 100, and even cause the open circuit device 100 to explode, leading to external short circuits, etc. However, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the orifice plate 124 is connected between the cut-off channel 1211 and the corresponding buffer space 125, and the orifice plate 124 is located at the bottom of the cut-off channel 1211. When the pressure in the cut-off channel 1211 gradually rises to a certain level, pressure relief starts through the orifice plate 124 to the buffer space 125. Further, the orifice plate 124 has a certain number and size of holes, and these holes allow the gas in the cut-off channel 1211 to flow towards the buffer space 125 under the action of the pressure difference. In this way, the orifice plate 124 realizes the release of the pressure in the cut-off channel 1211 without affecting the normal progress of the arc extinguishing process.

[0067] Such as Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the conductive plate 200 includes a plurality of narrow diameter portions 210. The positions of the plurality of narrow diameter portions 210 are respectively precisely aligned with a pair of cutting portions 1302 to achieve an efficient and reliable open circuit operation. When the open circuit device 100 enters the working state, under the action of the triggering mechanism, a pair of cutting portions 1302 begin to rapidly move along the axial direction A and generate a strong impact force. At this time, the narrow diameter portions 210 on the conductive plate 200 become the target areas for the action of the cutting portions 1302. Under the impact force of the pair of cutting portions 1302 along the axial direction A, the conductive plate 200 is disconnected at at least one of the plurality of narrow diameter portions 210. Compared with other conventional parts of the conductive plate 200, the material distribution of the narrow diameter portions 210 is relatively less and the structure is relatively weak, which enables the narrow diameter portions 210 to be disconnected with less resistance when impacted by the cutting portions 1302. For example, the plurality of narrow diameter portions 210 includes 4 narrow diameter portions 210, and every 2 narrow diameter portions 210 correspond to one cutting portion 1302.

[0068] When the impact force of the cutting portion 1302 acts on the narrow diameter portion 210, the narrow diameter portion 210 can quickly respond and break. This breaking process is not only fast, but also has high certainty and reliability. Through the plurality of narrow diameter portions 210, it can be ensured that the conductive plate 200 can be effectively disconnected under different working conditions, thereby interrupting the conduction state of the circuit and realizing the function of the open circuit device 100. At the same time, the distribution of the plurality of narrow diameter portions 210 also makes the energy distribution of the open circuit operation more uniform, reduces the potential damage caused by local stress concentration to the conductive plate 200 and the entire open circuit device 100, and improves the stability of the open circuit device 100.

[0069] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of narrow diameter portions 210 of the conductive plate 200 can be set to a V-shaped break point structure.

[0070] Specifically, when the V-shaped break point structure is subjected to the impact force of the cutting portion 1302, the force can be effectively dispersed and guided between the two branches of the V shape. This dispersion effect makes the stress acting at the break point more concentrated, so that a smaller impact force can be used to achieve a faster and more reliable disconnection effect.

[0071] At the same time, the two branches of the V-shaped break point structure can also guide and restrict the movement direction of the cutting portion 1302 to a certain extent, ensuring that the cutting portion 1302 can accurately act on the break point position and avoiding the occurrence of open circuit failure or incomplete open circuit caused by deviation.

[0072] In some embodiments, the conductive plate 200 includes a through hole 220. The through hole 220 is disposed at a position corresponding to the stopper 123 of the buffer cavity 121. During installation, the stopper 123 can pass through the through hole 220 on the conductive plate 200. In this way, the through hole 220 provides a passage for the stopper 123 to pass through, enabling the conductive plate 200 to be installed at a preset position of the buffer cavity 121 and maintaining a relatively stable positional relationship. This not only achieves reliable fixation of the conductive plate 200 on the buffer cavity 121 but also ensures the relative position accuracy between the conductive plate 200 and the buffer cavity 121.

[0073] When the opening operation is performed, as the cutting member 130 moves, the stopper 123 needs to be stopped at the card slot 131 on the cutting member 130 at a specific stage, and the existence of the through hole 220 ensures that the movement path for the stopper 123 to interact with the card slot is not obstructed by the conductive plate 200. For example, when the card slot 131 of the cutting member 130 is about to cooperate with the stopper 123 to stop the movement of the cutting member 130, the conductive plate 200, through the connection relationship between the through hole 220 and the stopper 123, can better adapt to this change and avoid affecting the accuracy and reliability of the entire opening process due to its own position deviation or instability.

[0074] As Figures 7 to 9 shown, in some embodiments, the cutting member 130 includes a guiding portion 1303. The guiding portion 1303 is tightly coupled to both sides of the cutting portion 1302 along the cutting direction B, providing a guiding function for the precise movement of the cutting member 130 during operation.

[0075] When the opening condition is met, the cutting member 130 needs to accurately insert a pair of cutting portions 1302 into the cutting channel 1211 of the buffer cavity 121 to complete the cutting operation. At this time, the guiding portion 1303 and the guiding groove 1212 provided on the buffer cavity 121 cooperate with each other to form a precise guiding system.

[0076] When the cutting member 130 starts to move, the guiding portions 1303 located on both sides of the cutting portion 1302 can slide along the guiding groove 1212 of the buffer cavity 121. This cooperation method enables the cutting member 130 to always maintain the correct trajectory when moving along the cutting direction B, ensuring that a pair of cutting portions 1302 can accurately enter the cutting channel 1211. Therefore, the guiding groove 1212 provides a stable movement path for the guiding portion 1303, restricting the movement or deviation of the guiding portion 1303 and the connected cutting portion 1302 in other directions, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the cutting operation.

[0077] In some embodiments, the stop member 123 of the cutting member 130 includes a pair of elastic portions 1231 and a pair of clamping portions 1232. The pair of elastic portions 1231 are spaced apart and coupled to the support portion 122 along the axial direction A. The elastic portion 1231 has good elastic properties and can undergo elastic deformation in the force direction perpendicular to the axial direction A. For example, when the cutting member 130 moves to the slot 131 and starts to contact the stop member 123, the stop member 123 will be subjected to the extrusion force from the wall of the slot 131. At this time, the elastic portion 1231 can adapt to this pressure change through its own elastic deformation, ensuring that the movement process of the cutting member 130 is relatively smooth, and at the same time reducing the possibility of component damage or movement jamming caused by rigid collision.

[0078] Further, the pair of clamping portions 1232 are respectively coupled to the ends of the elastic portion 1231 away from the support portion 122, and they play a clamping function during the operation of the stop member 123. When the cutting member 130 moves along the axial direction A, the slot 131 will move together with the cutting member 130. Due to the structural characteristics and movement trajectory of the slot 131, the clamping portion 1232 will be subjected to the resistance from the wall of the slot 131 during this process. This resistance causes the pair of elastic portions 1231 to undergo elastic deformation. This elastic deformation enables the clamping portion 1232 to adapt to the shape change and resistance change of the slot 131 to a certain extent, ensuring that the cutting member 130 can continue to move along the correct path. When the cutting member 130 moves into place, the clamping portion 1232 can just be clamped in the slot 131. At this time, the elastic restoring force of the elastic portion 1231 tightly fixes the clamping portion 1232 in the slot 131 to prevent the cutting member 130 from accidentally moving or rebounding. This clamped state can ensure the stable stop of the cutting member 130 after the cutting operation is completed, ensuring the state stability of the circuit breaker 100 after the work is completed.

[0079] In some embodiments, the card slot 131 of the cutting member 130 includes a reduced-diameter portion 1305 and a receiving portion 1306. The reduced-diameter portion 1305 is provided at the opening of the card slot 131. When the stop member 123 starts to enter the card slot 131 along its movement track, the reduced-diameter portion 1305 first contacts the engaging portion 1232 of the stop member 123. Since the diameter of the reduced-diameter portion 1305 is relatively small, during the movement of the cutting member 130, the reduced-diameter portion 1305 can closely abut against the engaging portion 1232. This abutting effect can cause a pair of elastic portions 1231 connected to the engaging portion 1232 to undergo elastic deformation. After the elastic portions 1231 are subjected to the squeezing force from the reduced-diameter portion 1305, they will contract and bend in the force direction perpendicular to the axis direction A according to their own elastic characteristics. This process of elastic deformation enables the stop member 123 to adapt to the narrow space at the opening of the card slot 131 to a certain extent, and at the same time provides conditions for the engaging portion 1232 to enter the inside of the card slot 131. In this way, the reduced-diameter portion 1305 effectively guides and adjusts the movement state and structural form of the stop member 123 at the initial stage when the stop member 123 enters the card slot 131.

[0080] Further, the receiving portion 1306 is arranged at one end of the reduced-diameter portion 1305 away from the opening. When the stop member 123 overcomes the resistance of the reduced-diameter portion 1305 and continues to move, it will finally reach the receiving portion 1306. The space of the receiving portion 1306 is relatively large, and its size and shape are set to be suitable for completely accommodating a pair of engaging portions 1232 after the cutting member 130 moves into place. When the engaging portions 1232 enter the receiving portion 1306, due to the sudden increase in space, the previously compressed pair of elastic portions 1231 can rebound at this time. This rebounding force enables the engaging portions 1232 to be stably fixed within the receiving portion 1306 to ensure the stable position of the stop member 123 within the card slot 131. Therefore, the receiving portion 1306 not only provides a suitable staying space for the engaging portions 1232, but also cooperates with the reduced-diameter portion 1305 to jointly complete the precise positioning and fixing operation of the stop member 123.

[0081] As Figure 5 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, in some embodiments, the unidirectional air flow channel 126 includes a flow channel main body 1261 and a plurality of side flow channels 1262, and the two together constitute an efficient gas guiding system.

[0082] Further, the runner main body 1261 is arranged along the gas flow direction and is the main path for gas transmission. It contains multiple sub-runners arranged in a zigzag manner inside. The multiple sub-runners increase the path length of gas flow, enabling the gas to have sufficient time and space for energy transfer and exchange within the runner main body 1261. For example, when the gas carries heat, the zigzag runner can allow the heat to be more fully dissipated into the surrounding environment, thereby reducing the temperature of the gas.

[0083] Further, a plurality of side runners 1262 are respectively arranged on the side wall of the runner main body 1261 at intervals along the runner main body 1261 and are communicated with the runner main body 1261. Each side runner 1262 includes a straight section and a transition section. The straight section is connected to the corresponding sub-runner in the runner main body 1261 and extends a certain distance in the direction opposite to the one-way gas flow direction, so that when there is gas trying to flow reversely, the straight section can first block and guide it. Since the extending direction of the straight section is opposite to the normal one-way gas flow direction, it can change the flow direction of the reverse gas to a certain extent, making it difficult to continue flowing reversely. The transition section is connected to the sub-runner upstream of the corresponding sub-runner in the one-way gas flow direction after being bent or arc-transitioned from the end of the straight section. This not only realizes the smooth connection between the side runner 1262 and the runner main body 1261, but also can further guide the blocked reverse gas back into the correct flow direction of the runner main body 1261.

[0084] In other words, the tangent direction of the side runner 1262 is consistent with the reverse flow direction of the runner main body 1261. When the gas flows reversely, the side runner 1262 can generate a hindering effect on the reverse gas according to its tangent direction, just like a dam set in a river, preventing the reverse gas from advancing, thereby ensuring that the gas always flows in the preset one-way gas flow direction. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the side runner 1262 is various shapes such as rectangular, trapezoidal or circular, and no specific limitation is made in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Different cross-sectional shapes will affect the flow characteristics and resistance of the gas in the side runner 1262, and the most suitable cross-sectional shape can be selected according to specific circumstances to achieve the best gas flow effect and one-way gas flow control.

[0085] Exemplarily, during the operation of the cut-off member 130, the flow state of the gas will change. When the open-circuit condition is satisfied and an arc is generated, the gas in the arc-extinguishing narrow slit 102 expands rapidly due to the energy released by the arc. This expansion causes the gas to form a specific flow direction in the one-way gas flow channel 126, that is, to flow from top to bottom. This is because in the initial stage, the pressure in the arc-extinguishing narrow slit 102 is relatively high, and the gas naturally flows in the direction of lower pressure under the action of the pressure difference, thus forming the initial gas flow direction.

[0086] However, as the cutting member 130 continues to operate, the situation gradually changes. Since gas continuously flows from the cutting channel 1211 to the buffer space 125, the pressure in the buffer space 125 begins to rise. At the same time, the resistance of the one-way air flow channel 126 from bottom to top is small, and its function is similar to that of a one-way valve. When the pressure in the buffer space 125 rises to a certain level, the flow direction of the gas switches and flows from bottom to top.

[0087] At this time, the gas in the buffer space 125 starts to enter the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 under the push of the pressure. By the gas flowing from bottom to top, it can not only adjust the pressure distribution in different regions inside the circuit breaker 100, but also provide the gas in the buffer space 125 for the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 to meet the requirements of the gas environment during the arc extinguishing process. For example, the gas in the buffer space 125 can further help cool the arc or participate in the gas exchange process after the arc is extinguished.

[0088] On the other hand, as the cutting member 130 moves, the low-temperature gas in the buffer space 125 enters the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 through the one-way air flow channel 126 under the guidance of the pressure difference and the one-way air flow channel 126. The low-temperature gas entering the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 through the one-way air flow channel 126 contacts the high-temperature gas in the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102 and quickly absorbs the heat of the high-temperature gas through heat transfer, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the arc extinguishing narrow slit 102. As the temperature decreases, the energy of the arc gradually weakens, and the arc voltage will also change accordingly, thus extinguishing the arc.

[0089] The above has described the various implementations of the present disclosure. The above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed implementations. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described implementations. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the implementations, practical applications, or improvements to the technologies in the market, or to enable other ordinary technical personnel in the technical field to understand the various implementation manners disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker device, characterized in that: include: A buffer cavity (121), comprising a pair of cut-off channels (1211) arranged at intervals along an axial direction (A) of the buffer cavity (121) and a buffer space (125) communicating with the cut-off channels (1211); A conductive plate (200) is arranged at the opening of the pair of cutting channels (1211) at one end in the axial direction (A), and at least partially covers the pair of cutting channels (1211); A cutting piece (130), comprising a piston portion (1301) and a pair of cutting portions (1302), wherein the pair of cutting portions (1302) are coupled to a side of the piston portion (1301) close to the buffer cavity (121) along the axial direction (A), and the pair of cutting portions (1302) are arranged to be aligned with the pair of cutting channels (1211) in the axial direction (A), so that when a circuit breaking condition is met, the pair of cutting portions (1302) move along the axial direction (A) to cut off the conductive plate (200) and move into the pair of cutting channels (1211), and form an arc extinguishing narrow gap (102) between the cutting portions (1302) and the cutting channels (1211); and A one-way airflow channel (126) is arranged in the buffer cavity (121) and is located between the side wall of the cut-off channel (1211) and the end of the buffer space (125), so as to allow the gas in the buffer space (125) to flow from the end to the arc extinguishing slit (102) along the one-way airflow direction during the movement of the cut-off portion (1302) in the pair of cut-off channels (1211).

2. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way airflow channel (126) comprises: A flow channel body (1261) is arranged along the gas flow direction and includes a plurality of sub-flow channels arranged in a zigzag manner; and A plurality of side flow channels (1262) are respectively arranged along the flow channel body (1261) and spaced apart from each other on the side wall of the flow channel body (1261), and are in communication with the flow channel body (1261), wherein each of the plurality of side flow channels (1262) comprises a straight section and a transition section. The straight segment is connected to the corresponding sub-channel among the multiple sub-channels and extends a certain distance in the direction opposite to the unidirectional airflow direction, and the transition segment is connected to the sub-channel upstream of the corresponding sub-channel in the unidirectional airflow direction through a bend or arc transition from the end of the straight segment.

3. The circuit breaker device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer cavity (121) comprises a support portion (122) arranged between the pair of cutting channels (1211), the support portion (122) comprising a stopper (123) arranged along the axial direction (A), and The piston portion (1301) comprises a slot (131) arranged between the pair of cutting portions (1302), and the slot (131) is arranged to accommodate the stop member (123) after the pair of cutting portions (1302) move into position along the pair of cutting channels (1211), so that the cutting member (130) stops moving.

4. The circuit breaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the buffer space (125) in a cross-section parallel to the axial direction (A) is a U-shaped structure, and one branch of the U-shaped structure is connected to the corresponding cut-off channel (1211); and The buffer cavity (121) comprises a perforated plate (124) which is arranged between the cut-off channel (1211) and a branch of the U-shaped structure of the corresponding buffer space (125).

5. The circuit breaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The conductive plate (200) comprises: The plurality of narrow diameter portions (210) are respectively aligned with the pair of cutting portions (1302), and are suitable for causing the conductive plate (200) to be disconnected at at least one of the plurality of narrow diameter portions (210) under the impact force of the pair of cutting portions (1302) along the axial direction (A) when the circuit breaker is in a working state.

6. The circuit breaker device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of narrow diameter portions (210) comprises a V-shaped breakpoint structure.

7. The circuit breaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that: The cutting member (130) further comprises: The guide portion (1303) is coupled to both sides of the cutting portion (1302) along the cutting direction (B), and the buffer cavity (121) also includes a guide groove (1212) cooperating with the guide portion (1303) to facilitate the pair of cutting portions (1302) to enter the cutting channel (1211).

8. The circuit breaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that: Also includes: An impact cavity (111) is coupled to the buffer cavity (121), and the cutting piece (130) is coupled inside the impact cavity (111) along the axial direction (A).

9. The circuit breaker device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: An ignition assembly (1111) is coupled to the top end of the impact cavity (111) along the axial direction (A).

10. The circuit breaker device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The piston portion (1301) of the cutting member (130) further comprises: The explosion chamber (1304) is arranged corresponding to the ignition assembly (1111) so as to be suitable for detonating the explosive in the explosion chamber (1304) via the ignition assembly (1111) when a circuit-breaking condition is met, so as to generate a thrust for the cutting piece (130) to move along the axial direction (A).

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