Mechanical main shaft machine head device suitable for friction stir welding equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding automatic tool changing, and particularly relates to a mechanical main shaft machine head device suitable for friction stir welding equipment. The automatic tool changing device comprises a mechanical main shaft capable of automatically changing a tool, a pipeline rotating mechanism used for containing a pipeline of the mechanical main shaft and a C-axis mechanism enabling the mechanical main shaft to steer, the C-axis mechanism comprises a twistable C-axis sleeve, and the mechanical main shaft is arranged in the C-axis sleeve in a sleeved mode. The pipeline rotating mechanism is fixedly mounted on the C-axis sleeve and rotates along with the rotation of the C-axis sleeve, so that a pipeline on the mechanical main shaft is twisted by + / -360 degrees through the pipeline rotating mechanism; a shaft shoulder and a welding tool are installed at the bottom of the mechanical spindle. The mechanical spindle automatic replacement welding tool is adopted, namely, the mechanical spindle with an automatic tool loosening and pulling function in the market is adopted and combined with a pipeline rotating mechanism, automatic replacement of a movable shaft shoulder welding tool with an inclination angle is achieved, and the mechanical spindle automatic replacement welding tool can also be applied to a static shaft shoulder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding automatic tool changing, and particularly relates to a mechanical spindle head device applicable to friction stir welding equipment. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding is a solid-phase connection technology. Before welding, the workpiece to be welded is placed on the workbench and clamped by a fixture; a high-temperature resistant hard stirring head composed of a stirring pin and a shoulder rotates at a high speed and squeezes the stirring pin into the joint of the workpiece to be welded until the shoulder is in close contact with the workpiece to be welded; while the stirring head rotates at a high speed, it moves relative to the workpiece along the adjacent joint. The stirring of the welding material by the stirring pin and the intense friction between the shoulder and the workpiece cause the temperature in the weld nugget area to rise significantly, resulting in the transformation of the material into a plastic state.

[0003] In the existing friction stir welding process, on the one hand, the cost of the electric spindle equipment is relatively high, and on the other hand, the mechanical spindle with a pull-push tool mechanism is connected with pipelines, resulting in the inability of the mechanical spindle to rotate 360 degrees. Therefore, a mechanical spindle without a pull-push tool mechanism is generally used to fix the welding tool, that is, the welding tool is fixed on the mechanical spindle by screws, and the method of replacing the welding tool is manual replacement, and automatic tool change cannot be achieved. Especially in an automated production line, manual operation can only be carried out after the workstation is shut down when replacing the welding tool. Manual operation is not only slow, but also the shutdown of the workstation will lengthen the overall production cycle, which is not conducive to increasing production capacity and results in low production efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a mechanical spindle head device applicable to friction stir welding equipment. The utility model can not only achieve automatic tool change, improve production efficiency, but also save costs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mechanical spindle head device applicable to friction stir welding equipment, the device includes a mechanical spindle capable of automatic tool change, a pipeline rotating mechanism for accommodating the pipelines of the mechanical spindle, and a C-axis mechanism for turning the mechanical spindle. The C-axis mechanism includes a twistable C-axis sleeve, the mechanical spindle is sleeved inside the C-axis sleeve, and the pipeline rotating mechanism is fixedly installed on the C-axis sleeve and rotates with the rotation of the C-axis sleeve, so that the pipelines on the mechanical spindle can be twisted by ±360° through the pipeline rotating mechanism; a shoulder and a welding tool are installed at the bottom of the mechanical spindle.

[0007] Preferably, the mechanical spindle is a mechanical spindle with a pull-push tool structure.

[0008] Preferably, the device further includes a machine head casting, an inclination adjustment mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the mechanical main shaft, and a main shaft transmission mechanism; the C-axis mechanism and the pipeline rotation mechanism are both installed in the machine head casting, and the main shaft transmission mechanism drives the mechanical main shaft to rotate along its center line.

[0009] Preferably, the C-axis mechanism further includes a C-axis drive motor, a speed reducer, a drive gear, a transmission gear, and a first bearing; the C-axis drive motor is in transmission connection with the drive gear through the speed reducer, the drive gear meshes with the transmission gear, the C-axis sleeve is sleeved on the inner ring of the transmission gear, and both ends of the C-axis sleeve are connected to the machine head casting through the first bearing, so that the C-axis sleeve can rotate along the center line of the mechanical main shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the pipeline rotation mechanism is composed of a rotating drag chain, a rotating end bracket, and a fixed end bracket; the pipeline on the mechanical main shaft is received in the rotating drag chain and connected to the power supply, one end of the rotating drag chain for leading out the pipeline is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner wall of the machine head casting through the fixed end bracket, and one end of the rotating drag chain for introducing the pipeline is fixedly connected to the top end of the C-axis sleeve through the rotating end bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the inclination adjustment mechanism is composed of a main shaft sleeve, two expansion sleeves, and two rotating seats; the main shaft sleeve is fixedly sleeved in the C-axis sleeve, the middle part of the mechanical main shaft penetrates through the main shaft sleeve and is connected to the main shaft sleeve through a second bearing, so that the mechanical main shaft can rotate relative to the main shaft sleeve; the two rotating seats are symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the C-axis sleeve; both sides of the outer wall of the main shaft sleeve are respectively rotationally connected to the two rotating seats through rotating shafts and are locked through corresponding expansion sleeves.

[0012] Preferably, the main shaft transmission mechanism is composed of a universal joint and a main shaft motor; the main shaft motor is installed at the top end of the outer wall of the machine head casting, and the output end of the main shaft motor is connected to the top of the mechanical main shaft through the universal joint.

[0013] Preferably, the universal joint is vertically arranged, and the middle part of the universal joint penetrates through the rotating drag chain, so that the structure is more reasonable and compact, and the overall structure is simplified.

[0014] Preferably, both the expansion sleeve and the rotating seat are arranged outside the machine head casting.

[0015] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0016] (1) The present utility model adopts a mechanical main shaft to automatically replace the welding tool, that is, a mechanical main shaft with an automatic tool loosening and clamping function on the market is adopted and combined with the pipeline rotation mechanism to realize the automatic replacement of the movable shaft shoulder welding tool with an inclination angle, and it can also be applied to a static shaft shoulder.

[0017] (2) Compared with the existing electric main shaft automatic tool change device, the mechanical main shaft adopted by the present utility model can reduce the equipment cost by 25%-35%, thereby greatly saving the manufacturing cost.

[0018] (3) In the present utility model, the pipeline connected to the mechanical main shaft is wrapped by a rotating drag chain, and the pipeline can be twisted by ±360° through the rotating drag chain, which is convenient for protecting the pipeline and avoiding damage caused by entanglement due to the rotation of the C-axis sleeve.

[0019] (4) The inclination angle adjustment mechanism provided in the present utility model enables the inclination angle of the mechanical main shaft to be adjusted outside the head casting, and the adjustment angle is more relaxed and convenient. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present utility model Figure 1 。

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present utility model Figure 2 。

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of the present utility model.

[0024] The meanings of the reference symbols in the drawings are as follows:

[0025] 1 - Mechanical main shaft, 2 - Pipeline rotating mechanism, 21 - Rotating drag chain, 22 - Fixed-end bracket, 23 - Rotating-end bracket, 3 - Head casting, 4 - C-axis mechanism, 41 - C-axis drive motor, 42 - Reducer, 43 - Driving gear, 44 - Driven gear, 45 - C-axis sleeve, 46 - First bearing, 5 - Inclination angle adjustment mechanism, 51 - Main shaft sleeve, 52 - Expansion sleeve, 53 - Rotating seat, 6 - Main shaft transmission mechanism, 61 - Main shaft motor, 62 - Universal joint. Detailed Embodiment

[0026] As Figures 1-4 shown, a mechanical main shaft head device applicable to a friction stir welding equipment is composed of a mechanical main shaft 1, a pipeline rotating mechanism 2, a head casting 3, a C-axis mechanism 4, an inclination angle adjustment mechanism 5 and a main shaft transmission mechanism 6; among them, the mechanical main shaft 1 is a mechanical main shaft 1 with a pull-push tool structure, and is connected to a power supply through a pipeline to realize automatic tool change.

[0027] Specifically, the pipeline rotating mechanism 2 is composed of a rotating drag chain 21, a rotating end bracket 23 and a fixed end bracket 22; the head casting 3 is the base of the overall device, which can be a hollow square structure. The C-axis mechanism 4 is composed of a C-axis drive motor 41, a reducer 42, a drive gear 43, a transmission gear 44, a C-axis sleeve 45 and a first bearing 46. The tilt adjustment mechanism 5 is composed of a spindle sleeve 51, two expansion sleeves 52 and two rotating seats 53. The spindle transmission mechanism 6 is composed of a universal joint 62 and a spindle motor 61.

[0028] Furthermore, the spindle motor 61, the universal joint 62, and the mechanical spindle 1 are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The spindle motor 61 is installed at the top of the outer wall of the head casting 3. The output end of the spindle motor 61 is transmission-connected to the top of the universal joint 62. The middle part of the universal joint 62 passes through the rotating drag chain 21, and the bottom of the universal joint 62 is transmission-connected to the top of the mechanical spindle 1, so that when the spindle motor 61 drives the mechanical spindle 1 to rotate, the welding tool installed at the bottom of the mechanical spindle 1 can be driven to rotate.

[0029] The rotating drag chain 21 contains the pipelines on the mechanical main shaft 1. The rotating drag chain 21 is composed of sheet metal parts arranged at both ends and a drag chain arranged in the middle. The sheet metal parts at both ends are respectively connected to the fixed end bracket 22 and the rotating end bracket 23 by bolts. The two ends of the drag chain are respectively hinged with the two sheet metal parts. The top of the fixed end bracket 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the head casting 3, and the bottom of the rotating end bracket 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the C-axis sleeve 45. The C-axis drive motor 41 is connected to the drive gear 43 through the reducer 42, and the drive gear 43 is meshed with the transmission gear 44. The C-axis sleeve 45 is sleeved on the inner ring of the transmission gear 44, so that the C-axis drive motor 41 can drive the C-axis sleeve 45 to rotate, thereby driving the mechanical main shaft 1 to turn, and the drag chain can rotate accordingly. Due to the existence of the rotating drag chain 21, the pipelines connected to the mechanical main shaft 1 can also rotate accordingly without being entangled with each other. Both ends of the C-axis sleeve 45 are connected to the machine head casting 3 through the first bearing 46 , so that the C-axis sleeve 45 can rotate relative to the machine head casting 3 .

[0030] Furthermore, the spindle sleeve 51 is fixedly sleeved in the C-axis sleeve 45, the middle part of the mechanical spindle 1 passes through the spindle sleeve 51 and is movably connected to the inner wall of the spindle sleeve 51 through the second bearing, so that the mechanical spindle 1 can rotate relative to the spindle sleeve 51, and the two rotating seats 53 are symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the C-axis sleeve 45; a groove is provided on the rotating seat 53, and a rotating shaft is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the spindle sleeve 51, and the end of the rotating shaft away from the spindle sleeve 51 is placed in the groove, so that the spindle sleeve 51 can drive the mechanical spindle 1 to swing along the center of the rotating seat 53, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the angle of the mechanical spindle 1 relative to the horizontal plane, and the adjustment range is ±5°. After the adjustment is completed, the spindle sleeve 51 is clamped by the expansion sleeve 52.

[0031] A spindle tool holder mounting tapered hole is provided at the bottom of the mechanical spindle 1. When the device is applied to a dynamic shoulder, the dynamic shoulder and the welding tool can be directly installed in the spindle tool holder mounting tapered hole; when the device is applied to a static shoulder, the zero point positioning system is first installed at the bottom of the mechanical spindle 1, the static shoulder is installed on the zero point positioning system, and the welding tool is installed on the mechanical spindle 1 at the same time. The welding tool is tightened by the mechanical spindle 1, and the static shoulder is tightened by the zero point positioning system.

[0032] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical spindle head device suitable for friction stir welding equipment, characterized in that: The device comprises a mechanical spindle (1) capable of automatically changing tools, a pipeline rotating mechanism (2) for accommodating pipelines of the mechanical spindle (1), and a C-axis mechanism (4) for causing the mechanical spindle (1) to turn, wherein the C-axis mechanism (4) comprises a twistable C-axis sleeve (45), the mechanical spindle (1) is sleeved inside the C-axis sleeve (45), the pipeline rotating mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted on the C-axis sleeve (45) and rotates with the rotation of the C-axis sleeve (45), so that the pipeline on the mechanical spindle (1) can be twisted by ±360° through the pipeline rotating mechanism (2); a shaft shoulder and a welding tool are installed at the bottom of the mechanical spindle (1).

2. A mechanical spindle head device suitable for a friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical spindle (1) is a mechanical spindle (1) with a tool loosening and broaching structure.

3. The mechanical spindle head device for a friction stir welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a machine head casting (3), an inclination adjustment mechanism (5) for adjusting the inclination of a mechanical main shaft (1), and a main shaft transmission mechanism (6); the C-axis mechanism (4) and the pipeline rotation mechanism (2) are both installed in the machine head casting (3), and the main shaft transmission mechanism (6) drives the mechanical main shaft (1) to rotate along its center line.

4. The mechanical spindle head device for a friction stir welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The C-axis mechanism (4) further comprises a C-axis drive motor (41), a reducer (42), a drive gear (43), a transmission gear (44) and a first bearing (46); the C-axis drive motor (41) is connected to the drive gear (43) through the reducer (42); the drive gear (43) is meshed with the transmission gear (44); a C-axis sleeve (45) is sleeved on the inner ring of the transmission gear (44); both ends of the C-axis sleeve (45) are connected to the machine head casting (3) through the first bearing (46), so that the C-axis sleeve (45) can rotate along the center line of the mechanical main shaft (1).

5. The mechanical spindle head device for friction stir welding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pipeline rotating mechanism (2) is composed of a rotating drag chain (21), a rotating end bracket (23) and a fixed end bracket (22); the pipeline on the mechanical main shaft (1) is received in the rotating drag chain (21) and connected to a power source; one end of the pipeline led out of the rotating drag chain (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the machine head casting (3) through the fixed end bracket (22); and one end of the pipeline introduced into the rotating drag chain (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the C-axis sleeve (45) through the rotating end bracket (23).

6. The mechanical spindle head device for a friction stir welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclination adjustment mechanism (5) is composed of a spindle sleeve (51), two expansion sleeves (52) and two rotating seats (53); the spindle sleeve (51) is fixedly sleeved in the C-axis sleeve (45); the middle part of the mechanical spindle (1) passes through the spindle sleeve (51) and is connected to the spindle sleeve (51) through a second bearing, so that the mechanical spindle (1) can rotate relative to the spindle sleeve (51); the two rotating seats (53) are symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the C-axis sleeve (45); both sides of the outer wall of the spindle sleeve (51) are rotatably connected to the two rotating seats (53) through a rotating shaft, and are locked by corresponding expansion sleeves (52).

7. The mechanical spindle head device for a friction stir welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spindle transmission mechanism (6) is composed of a universal joint (62) and a spindle motor (61). The spindle motor (61) is installed on the top of the outer wall of the machine head casting (3). The output end of the spindle motor (61) is connected to the top of the mechanical spindle (1) through the universal joint (62).

8. The mechanical spindle head device for a friction stir welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The universal joint (62) is arranged vertically, and the middle part of the universal joint (62) passes through the rotary drag chain (21).

9. The mechanical spindle head device for friction stir welding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve (52) and the rotating seat (53) are both placed on the outside of the machine head casting (3).

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