Display module and display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a display module and a display device. The display module comprises a display function layer, a refraction layer and a cover plate which are arranged in a stacked mode. The refraction layer comprises a first refraction layer, a second refraction layer and a third refraction layer which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode in the direction from the display function layer to the cover plate. The refractive index of the second refractive layer is smaller than that of the first refractive layer; the refractive index of the first refractive layer is smaller than or equal to that of the third refractive layer. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model, the refraction layer is arranged between the display function layer and the cover plate, and the emergent light of the organic light-emitting diode is totally reflected or is emitted to the central area of the display module by utilizing matching of different refractive indexes, so that the problem of abnormal light leakage caused by gathering of the emergent light at the edge of the cover plate is solved; and the display effect of the display module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of intelligent technology and the continuous improvement of the degree of social informatization, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display technology has made great progress. The OLED display technology has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, self-luminescence without a backlight source, wide viewing angle, high contrast, and a wide operating temperature range, and has been widely recognized by the market.

[0003] However, in the OLED display technology, abnormal light leakage occurs at the edge of the packaged product, seriously affecting the beauty and display effect of the display product. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a display module and a display device to improve the problem of abnormal light leakage at the edge of the packaged product and enhance the display effect.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a display module is provided, which includes a display function layer, a refraction layer, and a cover plate that are stacked;

[0006] The refraction layer includes a first refraction layer, a second refraction layer, and a third refraction layer that are sequentially stacked in the direction from the display function layer to the cover plate;

[0007] The refractive index of the second refraction layer is less than that of the first refraction layer;

[0008] The refractive index of the first refraction layer is less than or equal to that of the third refraction layer.

[0009] Optionally, under the condition that the thickness of the refraction layer is constant, the distance between the edge of the display function layer and the edge of the cover plate is negatively correlated with the refractive index of the first refraction layer.

[0010] Optionally, the refractive index of the first refraction layer is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.8.

[0011] Optionally, the refractive index of the third refraction layer is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.8.

[0012] Optionally, the first refraction layer and the third refraction layer are made of the same material.

[0013] Optionally, the first refraction layer and the third refraction layer are made of indium tin oxide.

[0014] Optionally, there is a gap between the first refractive layer and the third refractive layer; the gap serves as the second refractive layer.

[0015] Optionally, the display module further includes a support structure;

[0016] The support structure is disposed between the first refractive layer and the third refractive layer and at the edge of the first refractive layer, and the support structure is used to support the third refractive layer.

[0017] Optionally, the material of the support structure is titanium.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a display device is provided, and the display device includes the above-mentioned display module.

[0019] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, a refractive layer is disposed between the display function layer and the cover plate, and the refractive layer includes a first refractive layer, a second refractive layer, and a third refractive layer that are sequentially stacked along the direction from the display function layer to the cover plate. The refractive index of the second refractive layer is less than that of the first refractive layer, and the refractive index of the first refractive layer is less than or equal to that of the third refractive layer. By using the matching of different refractive indices, the outgoing light of the display function layer is totally reflected or emitted toward the central area of the display module, improving the problem of abnormal light leakage caused by the aggregation of light at the edge of the cover plate and enhancing the display effect of the display module.

[0020] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the visible bright circle at the edge of a display product provided according to the related art;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting point of the bright circle provided according to the related art;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of light emission of a display module with a refractive layer added according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram for comparing light leakage at the edge of the cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of light emission of another display module with a refractive layer added according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of light entering from a low refractive index to a high refractive index according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of light entering from a high refractive index to a low refractive index according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the refractive layer of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure for forming the first refractive layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure for forming the metal layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure for forming the support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure for forming the third refractive layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of the present utility model are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a visible bright circle at the edge of a display product provided according to the related art. As Figure 1 shown, if the product is a wearable watch with a circular dial, in the area where there should be no light originally, a visible bright circle appears due to abnormal edge light leakage. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting points of the bright circle provided according to the related art. As Figure 2 shown, the display product includes a display area 100, a window area 101, an adhesive layer 102 and an ink layer 103. There is an arc-shaped structure at the edge of the cover plate, and there is a light-gathering emission point a on the arc-shaped structure. Within the light-emitting range of the OLED, the emitted light will irradiate the arc-shaped structure, and through the light-gathering effect of the arc-shaped structure, more light is emitted from point a, and the brightness is higher than the surrounding area, forming a bright spot. Due to the shape characteristics of the product, a bright circle formed by multiple bright spots will appear at the edge of the circular product. Due to the appearance of the bright circle, the beauty and display effect of the display product will be seriously affected. Therefore, through the technical solution of the embodiments of the present utility model, the problem of the appearance of the bright circle due to different light-emitting ranges of the OLED is solved.

[0039] In view of the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a display module. Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figure 3 shown, the display module includes a display function layer 10, a refraction layer 20 and a cover plate 30 which are stacked; the refraction layer 20 includes a first refraction layer 201, a second refraction layer 202 and a third refraction layer 203 which are sequentially stacked along the direction from the display function layer 10 to the cover plate 30; the refractive index of the second refraction layer 202 is less than the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201; the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the third refraction layer 203.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the display function layer 10 arranged in layers may include an array layer, a light-emitting device layer, and a thin film encapsulation layer. The array layer has a driving circuit to provide a lighting signal and a stable power input for the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting units, and each light-emitting unit includes an anode, a light-emitting layer, and a cathode. The thin film encapsulation layer can prevent external contamination by stacking inorganic films or organic films on the organic material layer.

[0041] Along the direction X pointing from the display function layer 10 to the cover plate 30, the refractive layer 20 includes a first refractive layer 201, a second refractive layer 202, and a third refractive layer 203 that are sequentially arranged in layers. The refractive index of the second refractive layer 202 is less than that of the first refractive layer 201. When the light emitted from the display function layer 10 enters the second refractive layer 202 from the first refractive layer 201, the light travels from an optically denser medium to an optically thinner medium, so that when the light emitted from the display function layer 10 enters the second refractive layer 202 from the first refractive layer 201, at least part of the incident light has an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle. Therefore, this part of the light undergoes total reflection, which can reduce the aggregation of the light emitted from the display function layer 10 at the edge of the cover plate 30, improve the problem of abnormal light leakage at the edge of the cover plate 30, and enhance the display effect of the OLED display module. Exemplarily, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the light emission of a display module with a refractive layer added according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figure 4 shown, when the light L5 emitted from the display function layer 10 enters the second refractive layer 202 from the first refractive layer 201, that is, from an optically denser medium to an optically thinner medium, due to the increase in the incident angle, when the incident angle increases to a certain extent, refraction will no longer occur, that is, the emitted light will not be L7, but total reflection will occur, and the reflected light is L6. Exemplarily, the distance between the edge of the display function layer 10 and the edge of the cover plate 30 can be represented by d. When the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201 is 1.5, the refractive index of the second refractive layer is 1, and the distance between the display function layer 10 and the cover plate 30 along the X direction is 300 μm, according to the relationship between the sine values of the incident angle and the refraction angle and the refractive index, when d = 800 μm, the total reflection angle is 41.8°. When d is greater than 800 μm, no light will undergo refraction. When there is light with an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle, total reflection occurs and no longer refracts from the first refractive layer 201 into the second refractive layer 202. By using the matching of high and low refractive indices, at least part of the incident light has an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle, so this part of the light undergoes total reflection, reducing the aggregation of light at the edge of the cover plate 30 and improving the problem of abnormal light leakage at the edge of the cover plate 30.

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram for comparing the light leakage conditions at the edge of the cover plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figure 5As shown, the abscissa represents the distance between the edge of the display function layer and the edge of the cover plate, with the unit of micrometer, and the ordinate represents the percentage of light emitted from the edge of the cover plate. The red line represents the relationship between the distance between the edge of the display function layer and the edge of the cover plate and the percentage of light emitted from the edge of the cover plate in the prior art, and the blue line represents the relationship between the distance between the edge of the display function layer and the edge of the cover plate and the percentage of light emitted from the edge of the cover plate obtained by applying the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention. Through Figure 5 the changing trend of the blue line in Figure 5 , it can be obtained that when the distance between the edge of the display function layer and the edge of the cover plate is greater than 800 μm, the percentage of light emitted from the edge of the cover plate is 0%, and no light refraction occurs. When there is light with an angle greater than the total reflection angle, total reflection occurs and refraction does not occur. By using the matching of high and low refractive indices, at least part of the light undergoes total reflection, reducing the aggregation of light at the edge of the cover plate and improving the abnormal light leakage problem at the edge of the cover plate.

[0043] Meanwhile, the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the third refraction layer 203. When light enters the second refraction layer 202 from the first refraction layer 201 and then enters the third refraction layer 203 from the second refraction layer 202, the light emitted from the display function layer 10 is emitted towards the central area of the display module, improving the display effect.

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the light emission of another display module with an additional refraction layer provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 6 shown, when the light L1 emitted from the display function layer 10 enters the second refraction layer 202 from the first refraction layer 201, that is, from an optically denser medium to an optically thinner medium, the refracted light is L2 and the refraction angle becomes larger. When the light enters the third refraction layer 203 from the second refraction layer 202, when the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is equal to the refractive index of the third refraction layer 203, the emitted light is L3; when the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is less than the refractive index of the third refraction layer 203, the emitted light is L4. It is avoided that the light is emitted from point a, and the light is emitted towards the central area of the display device, improving the display effect and avoiding the occurrence of abnormal light leakage.

[0045] Exemplarily, the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is 1.5, and the refractive index of the second refraction layer 202 is 1.1. According to the law of refraction of light, when light is incident from the first medium (refractive index n1) into the second medium (refractive index n2), at a smooth interface, part of the light enters the second medium from the first medium and then refracts. When light is incident from an optically denser medium (high refractive index) into an optically thinner medium (low refractive index), the refraction angle is greater than the incident angle, and when the incident angle increases to a certain extent, total reflection occurs. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of light incident from a low refractive index to a high refractive index provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 7As shown, for example, when light enters a medium layer with a refractive index of N2 = 1.5 from a medium layer with a refractive index of N1 = 1, the incident angle is θ1, the refraction angle is θ2, and the following corresponding relationship exists:

[0046]

[0047] It can be seen from this that when light enters from a low refractive index to a high refractive index, the refraction angle is less than the incident angle. Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic diagram showing light entering from a high refractive index to a low refractive index according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 8 shown, when light enters a medium layer with a refractive index of N1 = 1 from a medium layer with a refractive index of N2 = 1.5, the incident angle is θ3, the refraction angle is θ4, and the following corresponding relationship exists:

[0048]

[0049] It can be seen from this that when light enters from a high refractive index to a low refractive index, the refraction angle is greater than the incident angle. And when the incident angle increases to a certain extent, total internal reflection will occur.

[0050] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, a refraction layer is provided between the display function layer and the cover plate, and the refraction layer includes a first refraction layer, a second refraction layer, and a third refraction layer that are sequentially stacked along the direction from the display function layer to the cover plate. The refractive index of the second refraction layer is less than the refractive index of the first refraction layer, and the refractive index of the first refraction layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the third refraction layer. By using the matching of different refractive indices, the outgoing light of the display function layer is totally reflected or emitted toward the central area of the display module, improving the problem of abnormal light leakage caused by the aggregation of light at the edge of the cover plate and enhancing the display effect of the display module.

[0051] Based on the technical solution of the above embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 , under the condition that the thickness of the refraction layer 20 is constant, the distance d between the edge of the display function layer 10 and the edge of the cover plate 30 is negatively correlated with the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201.

[0052] For example, when the thickness of the refraction layer 20 is 1200 μm, the relationship between the distance d between the edge of the display function layer 10 and the edge of the cover plate 30 and the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is shown in the following table:

[0053] Refractive index of the first refractive layer 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 Distance between the edge of the display functional layer and the edge of the cover plate / μm 833 882 938 1000

[0054] When the refractive index of the first refraction layer 201 is larger, when light travels from the first refraction layer 201 to the second refraction layer 202, the refraction angle is larger. To obtain the angle of total internal reflection of light, the distance d between the edge of the display function layer 10 and the edge of the cover plate 30 should be set smaller.

[0055] Based on the technical solution of the above-mentioned utility model embodiment, with reference to Figure 4 , the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201 is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.8.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present utility model, since the distance d between the edge of the display function layer 10 and the edge of the cover plate 30 is negatively correlated with the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201, the greater the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201, the smaller the distance d between the edge of the display function layer 10 and the edge of the cover plate 30. Setting the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201 between 1.5 and 1.8 can not only satisfy the light emission of the display function layer 10 to avoid emitting from the edge of the cover plate 30, but also achieve the matching of the refractive index of the refractive layer 20 and the refractive index of the display function layer 10, ensure the light emission rate, and improve the display effect.

[0057] Based on the technical solution of the above-mentioned utility model embodiment, with reference to Figure 4 , the refractive index of the third refractive layer 203 is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.8.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the third refractive layer 203. The refractive index of the third refractive layer 203 is set between 1.5 and 1.8. Exemplarily, when the refractive index of the first refractive layer 201 is 1.5, the refractive index of the third refractive layer 203 can be any refractive index between 1.5 and 1.8. Setting the refractive index of the third refractive layer 203 between 1.5 and 1.8 can not only satisfy the light emission of the display function layer 10 to avoid emitting from the edge of the cover plate 30, but also achieve the matching of the refractive index of the refractive layer 20 and the refractive index of the cover plate 30, ensure the light emission rate, and improve the display effect.

[0059] Based on the technical solution of the above-mentioned utility model embodiment, with reference to Figure 6 , the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 are made of the same material.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 are made of the same material, that is, the refractive indices of the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 are the same. Selecting the same material to form the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 can simplify the manufacturing process and achieve the purpose of preventing light from emitting from point a.

[0061] Based on the technical solution of the above-mentioned utility model embodiment, with reference to Figure 6 , the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 are made of indium tin oxide.

[0062] In the embodiment of the utility model, the material of the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 is indium tin oxide. Since indium tin oxide is a transparent material, the use of indium tin oxide to make the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 will not affect the light emitting effect of the display product. In other optional embodiments of the utility model, the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 can also be made of other transparent and conductive materials.

[0063] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a refractive layer of a display module provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, such as Figure 9 As shown, there is a gap between the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 ; the gap serves as the second refractive layer 202 .

[0064] In the embodiment of the utility model, the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 are two layers of transparent indium tin oxide, with a gap in between, and the gap serves as the second refractive layer 202. The second refractive layer 202 can be an air layer, and the refractive index is 1. In other optional embodiments of the utility model, the second refractive layer 202 can also be formed by filling the gap between the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 with other materials having a refractive index lower than that of the first refractive layer 201.

[0065] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of a structure for forming a first refractive layer according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of a structure for forming a metal layer according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of forming a support structure provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 13 The display module further includes a support structure 204 ; the support structure 204 is disposed between the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 , and is disposed at the edge of the first refractive layer 201 , and is used to support the third refractive layer 203 .

[0066] In the embodiment of the present utility model, reference Figure 10 , the first refractive layer 201 is made of indium tin oxide. Figure 11 A metal layer is formed on the first refractive layer 201. The metal layer can be formed by using aluminum or other highly active metals. Figure 12 , a support structure 204 is prepared at the edge of the first refractive layer 201. Figure 13, indium tin oxide is deposited above the metal layer to form a third refractive layer 203. A support structure 204 is prepared in the gap between the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 to prevent the gap between the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 from collapsing and ensure the stable existence of the second refractive layer 202. Refer to Figure 9 , after the third refractive layer 203 is prepared, a second refractive layer 202 is formed by laterally etching a metal with strong activity such as aluminum with sodium hydroxide or iodine solution. The support structure 204 is prepared to prevent the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 from deforming after the metal such as aluminum is etched. The support structure 204 is arranged at the edge of the first refractive layer 201, which can not only support the third refractive layer 203 to prevent the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 from deforming, but also avoid affecting the display effect.

[0067] Based on the technical solution of the above-mentioned utility model embodiment, refer to Figure 9 , the material of the support structure 204 is titanium.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the support structure 204 can be columnar, and the material of the support structure 204 can be selected as metal titanium. Metal titanium has the characteristics of high hardness, light weight and strong corrosion resistance, and can be used between the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 to prevent the first refractive layer 201 and the third refractive layer 203 from deforming.

[0069] Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figure 14 shown, the display device 300 includes the display module 200 of any of the above embodiments and has the beneficial effects of the display module 200 of any of the above embodiments of the present utility model.

[0070] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present utility model can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0071] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, It includes a display function layer, a refraction layer, and a cover plate that are stacked; The refraction layer includes a first refraction layer, a second refraction layer, and a third refraction layer that are sequentially stacked in the direction from the display function layer to the cover plate; The refractive index of the second refraction layer is less than that of the first refraction layer; The refractive index of the first refraction layer is less than or equal to that of the third refraction layer.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein Under the condition that the thickness of the refraction layer is constant, the distance between the edge of the display function layer and the edge of the cover plate is negatively correlated with the refractive index of the first refraction layer.

3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein The refractive index of the first refraction layer is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.

8.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The refractive index of the third refraction layer is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.

8.

5. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first refraction layer and the third refraction layer are made of the same material.

6. The display module according to claim 5, wherein The first refraction layer and the third refraction layer are made of indium tin oxide.

7. The display module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, There is a gap between the first refraction layer and the third refraction layer; the gap serves as the second refraction layer.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein, It further includes a support structure; The support structure is arranged between the first refraction layer and the third refraction layer and at the edge of the first refraction layer, and the support structure is used to support the third refraction layer.

9. The display module according to claim 8, wherein The material of the support structure is titanium.

10. A display device, characterized in that, It includes the display module according to any one of claims 1-9.

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