Wind wheel supporting device for vertical shaft resistance type wind driven generator

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind driven generators, and discloses a wind wheel supporting device for a vertical shaft resistance type wind driven generator, which comprises a supporting seat, a mounting sleeve is mounted below the supporting seat, and a vertical main shaft is coaxially and rotatably mounted in the supporting seat and the mounting sleeve. A brake assembly used for applying a load to the vertical main shaft, a power supply assembly used for conducting electricity and a detection assembly used for detecting the rotating speed of the vertical main shaft are installed on the supporting base; the rotating speed of the vertical main shaft can be controlled, the rotating speed of the vertical main shaft is prevented from being too high, electric conduction can be conducted, electric energy generated by the generator below is conducted to one side of the vertical main shaft, and power supply to other electric components is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind turbines, and more specifically, relates to a wind wheel support device for a vertical-axis drag-type wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbines can generally be divided into two types according to the structure of the wind wheel and its position in the air flow: one is a horizontal-axis wind turbine; the other is a vertical-axis wind turbine; the horizontal-axis wind turbine is currently the most technically mature type of wind turbine; the wind wheel of the horizontal-axis wind turbine rotates around a horizontal axis. When working, the rotation plane of the wind wheel is perpendicular to the wind direction; the blades on the wind wheel are radially arranged, perpendicular to the rotation axis, and form an angle φ (installation angle) with the rotation plane of the wind wheel; although the horizontal-axis wind turbine is the most widely used, there are also some technical problems: the linear velocity is high, resulting in high noise, the operating noise is 80 - 90 decibels, the noise pollution is large, affecting people's normal life, and there is also a radiation source, affecting the migration of migratory birds and having a great lethality to migratory birds.

[0003] The overall structure of the vertical-axis wind turbine includes a wind wheel and a tower. The wind wheel is rotatably installed on the tower. To avoid the wind wheel rotating too fast, a braking device is provided at the installation position between the wind wheel and the tower. The patent application number is: CN202410127599.9, which discloses an intelligent braking device for a vertical-axis micro-wind turbine and its usage method. The intelligent braking device for the vertical-axis micro-wind turbine includes a shock-absorbing and centering device. An installation ring plate is sleeved outside the shock-absorbing and centering device. A support seat is fixedly installed on the installation ring plate. A connecting column is fixedly installed on the support seat. A winding component is fixedly installed on the support seat near the connecting column. A deceleration braking belt is wound around the input end of the shock-absorbing and centering device. One end of the deceleration braking belt is fixedly connected to the support seat, and the other end of the deceleration braking belt is fixedly connected to the winding component.

[0004] The above-mentioned existing braking device is arranged between the top of the tower and the wind wheel. When the wind wheel rotates too fast, the winding component of the braking device works to drive the deceleration braking belt to brake the main shaft of the wind wheel, achieving a reduction in the rotation speed of the wind wheel and avoiding the wind wheel rotating too fast; however, the overall structure of this type of existing braking device is simple, and it can only perform braking operations on the main shaft of the wind wheel. The overall automation level is low, reducing the usage effect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a wind wheel support device for a vertical-axis drag-type wind turbine, with a simple overall structure, capable of controlling the rotation speed of the vertical main shaft, avoiding the vertical main shaft rotating too fast, and capable of achieving automatic control, reducing the control difficulty, and also capable of conducting electricity, enabling the electric energy generated by the generator below to be conducted to one side of the vertical main shaft to supply power to other electrical components.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine, comprising a support base. An installation sleeve is installed below the support base. A vertical main shaft is coaxially and rotatably installed in the support base and the installation sleeve. A brake assembly for applying a load to the vertical main shaft, a power supply assembly for conducting electricity, and a detection assembly for detecting the rotational speed of the vertical main shaft are respectively installed on the support base.

[0008] The following is a further optimization of the above technical solutions by the present invention:

[0009] The brake assembly includes a hinge seat fixedly installed on the support base. Arc-shaped brake arms are respectively hinged on both sides of the hinge seat. The arc-shaped brake arms are symmetrically arranged outside the vertical main shaft. Brake blocks are installed on the side surface of the arc-shaped brake arm close to the vertical main shaft. A brake disc is fixedly installed at a position corresponding to the brake block on the outer surface of the vertical main shaft.

[0010] Further optimization: A brake driving assembly is arranged at a position where the two arc-shaped brake arms are close to each other on the support base. The brake driving assembly includes a connecting seat. The connecting seat is fixedly installed on the support base. A gearbox is fixedly installed at the upper end of the connecting seat. The gearbox has one power input end and two power output ends.

[0011] Further optimization: A brake motor is drivingly connected to the power input end of the gearbox. Lead screws are respectively fixedly connected to the two power output ends of the gearbox. A hinge joint is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The ends of the two hinge joints far from the lead screw are hinged to the ends of the corresponding arc-shaped brake arms through a hinge shaft.

[0012] Further optimization: The detection assembly includes a detection gear fixedly installed on the support base. An encoder is arranged on one side of the detection gear. The encoder is fixedly connected to the vertical main shaft through a connecting rod. A transmission gear is fixedly installed on the detection end of the encoder. The transmission gear is meshed with the detection gear.

[0013] Further optimization: The power supply assembly includes a power supply ring coaxially sleeved outside the vertical main shaft. A plurality of support members are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the power supply ring. The support members are insulated from the power supply ring. The lower ends of the support members are fixedly installed on the support base.

[0014] Further optimization: A conductive arm is slidably and electrically connected to the inner side of the power supply ring. The other end of the conductive arm is fixedly installed on the vertical main shaft.

[0015] Further optimization: the signal output end of the encoder is electrically connected to the main controller, and the encoder is used to detect the real-time rotation speed of the vertical spindle and send it to the main controller.

[0016] Further optimization: The main controller is provided with a preset threshold for the spindle rated speed and a preset threshold for the spindle maximum speed. The encoder is used to detect the real-time speed of the vertical spindle and send it to the main controller. The main controller compares the real-time speed with the preset threshold for the spindle rated speed and the preset threshold for the spindle maximum speed.

[0017] Further optimization: the output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the brake motor of the brake assembly, and the main controller outputs a control signal for controlling the brake motor to rotate forward and reverse.

[0018] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical solution, with ingenious conception and reasonable structure. When the real-time rotational speed of the vertical spindle is less than the preset threshold of the spindle rated speed and less than the preset threshold of the spindle maximum speed, the main controller controls the brake assembly to release the brake, and the vertical spindle operates normally at this time. When the real-time rotational speed of the vertical spindle is greater than the preset threshold of the spindle maximum speed, the main controller controls the brake assembly to perform the braking operation, thereby applying a load to the vertical spindle to reduce the rotational speed of the vertical spindle, so that the real-time rotational speed of the vertical spindle remains less than or equal to the preset threshold of the spindle maximum speed. The rotational speed of the vertical spindle can be controlled in real time to maintain the rotational speed of the vertical spindle within the set range, thereby achieving full protection of the generator connected to the transmission below the vertical spindle, avoiding the risk of the generator burning out or collapsing due to excessive vertical spindle rotational speed.

[0019] In the present invention, the vertical spindle drives the encoder to move in a circular motion through the connecting rod when it rotates. When the encoder moves in a circular motion, the encoder can be driven to work through the meshing connection between the transmission gear and the detection gear. At this time, the encoder is used to detect the rotational speed of the vertical spindle and output a rotational speed detection signal. The rotational speed detection signal is the rotational speed signal of the vertical spindle, which is convenient to use.

[0020] In the present invention, the power supply ring is electrically connected to the power output end of the generator through a connecting circuit. After the power rectifier circuit rectifies the power output of the generator, a small part is supplied to the power supply ring, and the majority of the power is transmitted to the external power grid to realize grid-connected operation. The rotation of the vertical main shaft drives the conductive arm to rotate in a circle on the power supply ring, and there is a sliding electrical connection between the conductive arm and the power supply ring, so that the power on the power supply ring can be transmitted to one side of the vertical main shaft through the conductive arm, which is convenient for power supply to other electrical components.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the brake assembly in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at the power supply assembly and the detection assembly in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the control system in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1 - vertical main shaft; 11 - mounting base; 2 - support base; 3 - mounting sleeve; 4 - brake assembly; 41 - hinge seat; 42 - arc-shaped brake arm; 43 - brake block; 44 - brake disc; 45 - connecting seat; 46 - gearbox; 47 - lead screw; 48 - hinge joint; 5 - power supply assembly; 51 - power supply ring; 52 - support member; 53 - conductive arm; 6 - detection assembly; 61 - detection gear; 62 - encoder; 63 - connecting rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] As Figures 1-4 shown: A wind wheel support device for a vertical-axis drag-type wind turbine includes a support base 2, a mounting sleeve 3 is installed below the support base 2, a vertical main shaft 1 is coaxially and rotatably installed in the support base 2 and the mounting sleeve 3, and a brake assembly 4 for applying a load to the vertical main shaft 1, a power supply assembly 5 for conducting electricity, and a detection assembly 6 for detecting the rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1 are respectively installed on the support base 2.

[0028] The brake assembly 4 includes a hinge seat 41 fixedly installed on the support base 2, arc-shaped brake arms 42 are respectively hinged on both sides of the hinge seat 41, the arc-shaped brake arms 42 are symmetrically arranged outside the vertical main shaft 1, and a brake block 43 is installed on a side surface of the arc-shaped brake arm 42 close to the vertical main shaft 1.

[0029] A brake disc 44 is fixedly installed at a position on the outer surface of the vertical main shaft 1 corresponding to the brake block 43.

[0030] In the initial state, the inner side surface of the brake block 43 and the outer surface of the brake disc 44 are arranged at intervals. When braking is required, the arc-shaped brake arms 42 are swung towards each other, so that the inner surface of the brake block 43 contacts the outer surface of the brake disc 44, and the braking and braking functions of the vertical main shaft 1 are realized through friction.

[0031] A brake driving assembly for driving the two arc-shaped brake arms 42 to swing towards each other or away from each other is arranged at a position on the support base 2 where the two arc-shaped brake arms 42 are close to each other.

[0032] The brake drive assembly includes a connecting seat 45 which is fixedly installed on the support seat 2. A gearbox 46 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the connecting seat 45. The gearbox 46 has a power input end and two power output ends.

[0033] A brake motor (not shown in the figure) is drivingly connected to the power input end of the gearbox 46. The brake motor is fixedly installed on the gearbox 46. When the brake motor operates to drive the gearbox 46 to work, at this time, the two power output ends of the gearbox 46 perform forward and reverse rotations to output rotational power.

[0034] Lead screws 47 are respectively fixedly connected to the two power output ends of the gearbox 46. A hinge joint 48 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 47. The ends of the two hinge joints 48 away from the lead screw 47 are hinged to the ends of the corresponding arc-shaped brake arms 42 through a hinge shaft.

[0035] With such a design, when the brake motor operates to drive the two power output ends of the gearbox 46 to rotate forward, a braking action is performed. At this time, the two power output ends of the gearbox 46 respectively drive the corresponding lead screws 47 to rotate. The lead screw 47 and the corresponding hinge joint 48 are threadedly connected. The synchronous rotation of the two lead screws 47 can drive the two hinge joints 48 to move towards each other. At this time, the hinge joint 48 pulls the arc-shaped brake arm 42 to move, causing the two arc-shaped brake arms 42 to swing towards each other. At this time, the arc-shaped brake arm 42 drives the brake block 43 to contact the outer surface of the brake disc 44, and the vertical spindle 1 is braked through friction.

[0036] When the brake motor operates to drive the two power output ends of the gearbox 46 to rotate in reverse, a brake release action is performed. At this time, the two power output ends of the gearbox 46 respectively drive the corresponding lead screws 47 to rotate. The lead screw 47 and the corresponding hinge joint 48 are threadedly connected. The synchronous rotation of the two lead screws 47 can drive the two hinge joints 48 to move away from each other. At this time, the hinge joint 48 pushes the arc-shaped brake arm 42 to move, causing the two arc-shaped brake arms 42 to swing away from each other. At this time, the arc-shaped brake arm 42 drives the brake block 43 to separate from the brake disc 44, releasing the braking operation on the vertical spindle 1 and enabling the vertical spindle 1 to rotate normally.

[0037] The detection assembly 6 includes a detection gear 61 which is fixedly installed on the support seat 2. An encoder 62 is arranged on one side of the detection gear 61. The encoder 62 is fixedly connected to the vertical spindle 1 through a connecting rod 63. A transmission gear is fixedly installed on the detection end of the encoder 62. The transmission gear is meshingly connected with the detection gear 61.

[0038] With such a design, when the vertical main shaft 1 rotates, it drives the encoder 62 to move in a circular motion through the connecting rod 63. When the encoder 62 moves in a circular motion, through the meshing connection between the transmission gear and the detection gear 61, the encoder 62 can be driven to work. At this time, the encoder 62 is used to detect the rotational speed of the vertical main shaft 1 and output a rotational speed detection signal, and this rotational speed detection signal is the rotational speed signal of the vertical main shaft 1, which is convenient for use.

[0039] The power supply assembly 5 includes a power supply ring 51, the power supply ring 51 is coaxially sleeved outside the vertical main shaft 1, and a plurality of support members 52 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the power supply ring 51. The support members 52 are insulated from the power supply ring 51, and the lower ends of the support members 52 are fixedly installed on the support base 2.

[0040] With such a design, the power supply ring 51 can be conveniently installed through the support members 52, and the power supply ring 51 and the support members 52 are insulated from each other. Furthermore, the electric energy on the power supply ring 51 will not be conducted to the support base 2 through the support members 52, which is convenient for assembly and installation.

[0041] The inner side of the power supply ring 51 is slidably and electrically connected with a conductive arm 53, and the other end of the conductive arm 53 is fixedly installed on the vertical main shaft 1.

[0042] The rotation of the vertical main shaft 1 drives the conductive arm 53 to rotate in a circular motion on the power supply ring 51, and the conductive arm 53 and the power supply ring 51 are slidably and electrically connected. Furthermore, the electric energy on the power supply ring 51 can be conducted to one side of the vertical main shaft 1 through the conductive arm 53, which is convenient for laying wires.

[0043] In this embodiment, the lower end of the vertical main shaft 1 is electrically connected with a centralizer, a speed increaser and a generator in sequence, and both the centralizer and the generator are prior arts.

[0044] With such a design, when the vertical main shaft 1 rotates, it drives the speed increaser to work through the transmission of the centralizer. The speed increaser increases the rotational speed of the vertical main shaft 1, and then drives the generator to work. At this time, the generator performs power generation operation.

[0045] The electric energy output end of the generator is electrically connected with a rectifying circuit, and the electric energy output end of the rectifying circuit is electrically connected with an external power grid and the power supply ring 51.

[0046] A small part of the electric energy generated by the generator is supplied to the power supply ring 51 after being rectified by the rectifying circuit, and most of the electric energy is conducted to the external power grid to realize grid connection operation.

[0047] In this embodiment, a mounting base 11 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the vertical main shaft 1. The mounting base 11 is used to mount the wind turbine rotor. Driven by natural wind, the rotor rotates to drive the mounting base 11 and the vertical main shaft 1 to rotate, so that the vertical main shaft 1 outputs rotational power for convenient use.

[0048] In this embodiment, the signal output end of the encoder 62 is electrically connected to a main controller (not shown in the drawing). The main controller is arranged above the mounting base 11 and is powered by a storage battery.

[0049] The charging end of the storage battery is electrically connected to the conductive arm 53 through a wire. The electrical energy on the conductive arm 53 is conducted to the storage battery through the wire to realize power supply and charging for the storage battery.

[0050] The output end of the conductive arm 53 can also perform power supply operations on other external electrical components through a power supply circuit for convenient use.

[0051] The input end of the main controller is electrically connected to a wind vane, which is used to detect the direction of natural wind.

[0052] The encoder 62 is used to detect the real-time rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1 and send it into the main controller.

[0053] The output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the brake motor of the brake assembly 4. The main controller outputs a control signal to control the forward and reverse rotation of the brake motor.

[0054] A preset threshold value of the rated rotation speed of the main shaft and a preset threshold value of the maximum rotation speed of the main shaft are set in the main controller. The encoder 62 is used to detect the real-time rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1 and send it into the main controller. The main controller compares the real-time rotation speed with the preset threshold value of the rated rotation speed of the main shaft and the preset threshold value of the maximum rotation speed of the main shaft.

[0055] When the real-time rotation speed is less than the preset threshold value of the maximum rotation speed of the main shaft, the main controller controls the brake motor of the brake assembly 4 to reverse, so that the brake assembly 4 returns to the initial state. At this time, the brake assembly 4 does not perform braking operations on the vertical main shaft 1.

[0056] When the real-time rotation speed is greater than the preset threshold value of the maximum rotation speed of the main shaft, it means that the rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1 is too high and brake protection is required. At this time, the main controller issues a control signal to control the brake motor of the brake assembly 4 to perform intermittent forward and reverse rotation. At this time, the brake assembly 4 performs pulsating braking operations on the vertical main shaft 1 to reduce the rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1, so that the real-time rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1 is less than or equal to the preset threshold value of the maximum rotation speed of the main shaft, avoiding the situation that the rotation speed of the vertical main shaft 1 is too high resulting in excessive load on the generator.

[0057] In this embodiment, the main controller emits a pulse signal to control the intermittent forward and reverse rotation of the brake motor, and the interval time is 1 - 2 min / time; that is, the working principle of the brake assembly 4 is as follows: the main controller emits a control signal to first control the brake motor to rotate forward. At this time, the brake assembly 4 performs a braking action, so that the arc-shaped brake arm 42 drives the brake block 43 to contact the outer surface of the brake disc 44 to perform a braking operation on the vertical spindle 1.

[0058] When the real-time speed of the vertical spindle 1 drops below the preset threshold of the maximum spindle speed, the main controller emits a pulse signal to control the brake motor to rotate in reverse. At this time, the brake assembly 4 performs a brake release action, so that the arc-shaped brake arm 42 drives the brake block 43 to swing away from the brake disc 44. At this time, the vertical spindle 1 rotates normally.

[0059] For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the teachings of the present invention, without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine, comprising a support base (2), characterized in that: An installation sleeve (3) is installed below the support base (2). A vertical main shaft (1) is coaxially and rotatably installed in the support base (2) and the installation sleeve (3). A brake assembly (4) for applying a load to the vertical main shaft (1), a power supply assembly (5) for conducting electricity, and a detection assembly (6) for detecting the rotational speed of the vertical main shaft (1) are respectively installed on the support base (2). The brake assembly (4) includes a hinge seat (41) fixedly installed on the support base (2). Arc-shaped brake arms (42) are respectively hinged on both sides of the hinge seat (41). The arc-shaped brake arms (42) are symmetrically arranged outside the vertical main shaft (1). A brake block (43) is installed on the side surface of the arc-shaped brake arm (42) close to the vertical main shaft (1). A brake disc (44) is fixedly installed at a position on the outer surface of the vertical main shaft (1) corresponding to the brake block (43). A brake drive assembly is arranged at a position where the two arc-shaped brake arms (42) are close to each other on the support base (2). The detection assembly (6) includes a detection gear (61). The detection gear (61) is fixedly installed on the support base (2). An encoder (62) is arranged on one side of the detection gear (61). The encoder (62) is fixedly connected to the vertical main shaft (1) through a connecting rod (63). A transmission gear is fixedly installed on the detection end of the encoder (62). The transmission gear is meshed with the detection gear (61).

2. The wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake drive assembly includes a connecting seat (45). The connecting seat (45) is fixedly installed on the support base (2). A gearbox (46) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the connecting seat (45). The gearbox (46) has one power input end and two power output ends.

3. The wind wheel support device for a vertical-axis drag-type wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A brake motor is drivingly connected to the power input end of the gearbox (46). Lead screws (47) are respectively fixedly connected to the two power output ends of the gearbox (46). A hinge joint (48) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (47). The ends of the two hinge joints (48) far from the lead screw (47) are hinged to the ends of the corresponding arc-shaped brake arms (42) through a hinge shaft.

4. The wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply assembly (5) includes a power supply ring (51). The power supply ring (51) is coaxially sleeved outside the vertical main shaft (1). A plurality of support members (52) are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the power supply ring (51). The support members (52) are insulated from the power supply ring (51). The lower ends of the support members (52) are fixedly installed on the support base (2).

5. The wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A conductive arm (53) is slidably and electrically connected to the inner side of the power supply ring (51). The other end of the conductive arm (53) is fixedly installed on the vertical main shaft (1).

6. The wind wheel support device for a vertical-axis drag-type wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal output end of the encoder (62) is electrically connected to a main controller. The encoder (62) is used to detect the real-time rotational speed of the vertical main shaft (1) and send it into the main controller.

7. The wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spindle rated speed preset threshold and a spindle maximum speed preset threshold are set in the main controller.

8. A wind wheel support device for a vertical axis drag type wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the brake motor of the brake assembly (4). The main controller outputs a control signal to control the forward and reverse rotation of the brake motor.

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