Multifunctional teaching model
By designing a multifunctional teaching model, the three esophageal stenosis and gastric cannula intubation process are clearly displayed, which solves the problem of poor training effect of existing models and improves the training efficiency of medical staff and the dietary adaptability of patients.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422457031.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-11
AI Technical Summary
There is a lack of teaching models in the prior art that can clearly display the three narrow parts of the esophageal tube and the location of the gastric canal tube, resulting in poor training results for medical staff, and the problem of dietary discomfort in patients with esophageal cancer has not been effectively solved.
A multifunctional teaching model was designed, including the gastric, esophageal and tracheal model within the transparent trunk shell, combining epiglottis cartilage model and photoresistor control to simulate the three esophageal stenosis and gastric cannula process, and control the opening and closing of epiglottis cartilage by driving motors and photoresistors to demonstrate the esophageal stenosis and gastric canal position.
Clearly display the three narrow parts of the esophageal tube and the process of intubation, helping medical staff to train, reduce the risk of postoperative choking and improve dietary adaptability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223205949U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical teaching models, in particular to a multifunctional teaching model. Background Art
[0002] Esophageal cancer is a common digestive tract tumor. It commonly occurs in three narrow areas of the esophagus. The first is the hypopharynx, which is located at the intersection of the esophagus and trachea and is the starting point of the esophagus; the second is the middle esophagus, which is located behind the left main bronchus and at the intersection with the esophagus and is the second narrow part of the esophagus; the third is the lower esophagus, which is located at the connection between the esophagus and the stomach, namely the cardia, which is the third narrow part of the esophagus and prevents food and stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
[0003] Esophagectomy is a common surgical procedure for esophageal cancer. It is suitable for narrowing of the middle and lower esophagus. It often involves removing the diseased esophagus and replacing it with part of the stomach, requiring a reconstruction of the digestive tract. This reconstruction elevates the stomach, causing both the esophagus and stomach to become thinner and narrower, potentially leading to gastric reflux, nausea, and vomiting after eating. Postoperative esophageal cancer patients often rely on liquid or semi-liquid diets. Liquid or semi-liquid diets often contain a lot of liquid. Postoperatively, patients are weaker, and when they tilt their heads back to eat or talk while eating, liquid often enters the trachea, causing coughing and discomfort, as the epiglottis cartilage fails to close the trachea in time.
[0004] In addition, patients with esophageal cancer often experience dysphagia. Some patients in the late stages of esophageal cancer often require gastric tube intubation, where semi-liquid or liquid food is injected into the patient's stomach through the gastric tube so that the patient can take in enough nutrition and water. Gastric tube intubation requires experienced medical staff to pass the gastric tube from the mouth or nasal cavity through the throat and into the upper space of the stomach through the esophagus.
[0005] However, some medical staff may be temporarily seconded to relevant departments or are interns who have just arrived at relevant departments for internship. They are not very familiar with the business of gastric tube intubation and need to use relevant models to train gastric tube intubation. The gastric tube intubation models commonly used on the market generally adopt a blind insertion method, and cannot clearly see the current area where the gastric tube is located, which is not conducive to the trainees becoming familiar with the business of gastric tube intubation.
[0006] Esophageal cancer commonly develops at three narrowing sites in the esophagus. These are often caused by poor dietary habits, such as eating overly hot, rough, or moldy foods that damage the esophageal mucosa. These three narrowing sites are closer to the food bolus and are often high-risk sites for esophageal cancer. Currently, there are no teaching models on the market that demonstrate these three narrowing sites to educate doctors, patients, or students about the narrowing structure of the esophagus. Therefore, providing a multifunctional teaching model that can clearly display the three narrowing sites of the esophagus, demonstrate the uncontrolled downward movement of semi-liquid food when tilting the head back, serve as a gastric tube intubation model, and clearly demonstrate the location of the front end of the gastric tube is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multifunctional teaching model.
[0008] The embodiment of the present utility model is achieved as follows:
[0009] The utility model provides a multifunctional teaching model, comprising: a trunk shell, which is configured as a transparent shell, the trunk shell having a cavity structure, wherein a stomach model, an esophagus model and a trachea model are placed in the cavity structure; the stomach model is connected to the esophagus model, the outer wall of the esophagus model is partially fitted with the outer wall of the trachea model, the esophagus model and the trachea model both have an open end, and the open end is located in the hypopharynx; the upper part of the hypopharynx is configured as the oropharynx, the oral cavity model is configured in the oropharynx, a semi-liquid food model is placed in the oral cavity model, a traction rope is provided at the front end of the semi-liquid food model, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the lips of the oral cavity model; an epiglottis cartilage model is hinged to the hypopharynx, and the epiglottis cartilage model is configured to be open when the semi-liquid food model is placed in the oral cavity model, and closed when the semi-liquid food model is placed in the esophagus model.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the esophagus model simulates the esophagus of an adult, and has a first narrowing site, a second narrowing site, and a third narrowing site; the first narrowing site is located at the entrance of the open end of the esophagus model, the second narrowing site is located at the left main bronchus model along the front of the esophagus model, and the third narrowing site is located at the connection between the esophagus model and the stomach model.
[0011] In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, a neck model is connected to the top of the torso shell, and a head model is connected to the top of the neck model; the laryngopharynx is located in the neck model, and the oropharynx is located in the head model; the neck model is made of soft silicone as a whole.
[0012] In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, a hinge shaft is provided below the epiglottis cartilage model, and the hinge shaft is inserted into the laryngopharynx; the area of the laryngopharynx where the hinge shaft is inserted has a rectangular block made of hard plastic, and a torsion spring is passed through the hinge shaft, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the rectangular block, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the epiglottis cartilage model.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a drive motor is provided on the hinge shaft, the drive motor is electrically connected to the control module, and the drive motor is configured to be turned on or off according to a signal from the control module.
[0014] In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, a photoresistor is provided in the laryngopharynx, the photoresistor is electrically connected to the control module, an incident light source is provided on the opposite side of the photoresistor, and the control module controls the turning on or off of the drive motor according to the change in the light intensity received by the photoresistor.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the esophagus model and the stomach model are both extruded and molded using translucent colored plastic.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a nasal cavity model is provided above the oral cavity model, and the oral cavity model is connected to the nasal cavity model; the oral cavity model and the nasal cavity model are both placed in the head model.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the torso shell is configured as a half-shell that is cut open, and a cover plate is provided on the surface of the half-shell; the stomach model, esophagus model and trachea model are fixed on the cover plate.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gastric tube is inserted into the nasal cavity model or the oral cavity model, and the front end of the gastric tube is placed in the stomach model.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0020] 1. The torso shell is configured as a transparent shell, and the torso shell has a hollow structure. A stomach model, an esophagus model, and a trachea model are placed in the hollow structure. The stomach model is connected to the esophagus model, and the outer wall of the esophagus model is partially in contact with the outer wall of the trachea model. The esophagus model and the trachea model both have open ends, and the open ends are located in the throat. A semi-liquid food model is placed in the oral model, and a traction rope is provided at the front end of the semi-liquid food model, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the lips of the oral model. By holding the chin and applying force upward, the head can be lifted, simulating the patient's head tilted back. When the head is lifted by holding the chin, the semi-liquid food model will slide down uncontrollably to the laryngopharynx, thereby demonstrating that the semi-liquid food will slide down uncontrollably when the head is tilted back, reminding the patient to lower their head to eat and avoid semi-liquid food entering the trachea and causing choking and coughing;
[0021] 2. The hypopharynx is hingedly connected to an epiglottis cartilage model. The epiglottis cartilage model is configured to open when a semi-liquid food model is placed in the oral model and to close when placed in the esophagus model. The epiglottis cartilage model is plugged into the hypopharynx via a hinge shaft. A drive motor is provided on the hinge shaft and is electrically connected to a control module. The drive motor is configured to turn on or off based on a signal from the control module. The control module is electrically connected to a photoresistor located in the hypopharynx. An incident light source is provided on the opposite side of the photoresistor. The control module controls the drive motor to turn on or off based on changes in the light intensity received by the photoresistor. When the semi-liquid food model placed in the oral model slides down the hypopharynx into the esophagus model due to the attraction of a magnetic element, the semi-liquid food model blocks the incident light source, preventing it from irradiating the photoresistor. When the control module detects a change in the resistance across the photoresistor, it controls the drive motor to open by a predetermined angle and then close, causing the epiglottis cartilage model to close the tracheal passage, thereby demonstrating the oral swallowing process to doctors, patients, or students. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a side view of a multifunctional teaching model of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional teaching model of the present invention simulating the state of swallowing semi-liquid food into the esophagus.
[0025] Figure Number:
[0026] 1. Esophagus model; 1-1. First narrowing site; 1-2. Second narrowing site; 1-3. Third narrowing site; 2. Trachea model; 3. Epiglottis cartilage model; 4. Semi-liquid food model; 5. Nasal cavity model; 6. Stomach model; 7. Oral cavity model; 8. Neck model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent drawings.
[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the utility model product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0031] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not necessarily mean that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.
[0032] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0033] This application provides a multifunctional teaching model to address the current technical issues of a lack of esophageal models on the market that clearly demonstrate the three narrow areas of the esophagus, a lack of teaching models that demonstrate the uncontrolled sliding of semi-liquid food down the throat when tilting the head back, and a lack of clear demonstration of the location of the front end of the gastric tube intubation model. To this end, this application provides the following specific embodiments.
[0034] This embodiment provides a multifunctional teaching model. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a trunk shell, the trunk shell being configured as a transparent shell, with reference to Figure 1 The transparent shell is configured to be extruded by a transparent acrylic plate mold; the transparent shell is configured to be a half-shell that is cut open so as to clearly display the structure of each organ model in the transparent shell.
[0035] A neck model 8 is connected to the top of the torso shell, and the neck model 8 simulates the shape of an adult's neck. The neck model 8 has a pharynx, which is set as a cavity structure, and the pharynx is hinged with an epiglottis cartilage model 3; the neck model 8 is connected to the top of the head model, and the head model has an oropharynx and a nasopharynx. The oropharynx is provided with an oral model 7, which simulates an adult's oral cavity, and the nasopharynx is provided with a nasal cavity model 5, which simulates an adult's nasal cavity; the oral model 7 is connected to the nasal cavity model 5 to simulate the respiratory tract of an adult.
[0036] The torso shell has a hollow structure, in which a stomach model 6, an esophagus model 1 and a trachea model 2 are placed; the stomach model 6 simulates an adult stomach, the esophagus model 1 simulates an adult esophagus, and the trachea model 2 simulates an adult trachea; the stomach model 6 is arranged below the esophagus model 1, and the stomach model 6 is connected to the esophagus model 1, the outer wall of the esophagus model 1 is partially fitted with the outer wall of the trachea model 2, and the outer wall of the esophagus model 1 is fitted with the outer wall of the trachea model 2 at least in the pharyngeal area; the esophagus model 1 and the trachea model 2 both have open ends, and the open ends are located in the hypopharynx. The open end of the esophagus model 1 is the entrance for food, and the open end of the trachea model 2 is the entrance and exit for lung respiratory gas.
[0037] Preferably, a cover is provided on the surface of the torso shell, and the cover is set to a transparent acrylic panel, and a stomach model 6, an esophagus model 1 and a trachea model 2 are fixed on the cover, and the stomach model 6, the esophagus model 1 and the trachea model 2 are tied to the cover by a binding belt or a pocket rope.
[0038] The esophagus model 1 simulates an adult esophagus, and its shape and wall thickness are consistent with those of an adult esophagus. The esophagus model 1 has a first narrowing portion 1-1, a second narrowing portion 1-2, and a third narrowing portion 1-3. The first narrowing portion 1-1 is located at the entrance of the open end of the esophagus model. Above the first narrowing portion is the pharynx, through which gas, food, and water pass. The second narrowing portion 1-2 is located where the left main bronchus model spans along the front of the esophagus model. The third narrowing portion 1-3 is located at the connection between the esophagus model 1 and the stomach model 6, i.e., the cardia. The torso shell and the cover plate thereon are both made of transparent acrylic plates, clearly displaying the three narrowing portions of the esophagus. This facilitates clear demonstration of the external structure and three narrowing portions of the esophagus to doctors, patients, or students, and serves to educate patients or the public about the dangers of consuming overheated or moldy food, thereby reminding them to maintain healthy eating habits.
[0039] The stomach model 6 is connected to the esophagus model 1, and both the esophagus model 1 and the stomach model 6 are extruded and molded using translucent colored plastic; the surface colors of the esophagus model 1 and the stomach model 6 match the colors of the esophagus and stomach of an adult, so as to clearly display the external colors of the esophagus model and the stomach model. The esophagus model 1 and the stomach model 6 are set to a translucent color to clearly display the location area of the semi-liquid food model.
[0040] A neck model 8 is connected to the top of the torso shell, and a head model is connected to the top of the neck model 8. The head model includes an oropharynx, and the oropharynx is provided with an oral model 7. A semi-liquid food model 4 is placed in the oral model 7, and the semi-liquid food model 4 is placed at the root of the tongue. The neck model is made of soft silicone as a whole. The head can be lifted by holding the chin and applying force upward to simulate the patient's head tilting back state; when the head is lifted by holding the chin, the semi-liquid food model 4 will slide down uncontrollably, thereby demonstrating that the semi-liquid food will slide down uncontrollably when the head is tilted back, reminding patients to lower their heads to eat and avoid semi-liquid food entering the trachea and causing choking.
[0041] The hypopharynx is hinged with an epiglottic cartilage model 3, which is set to be open when a semi-liquid food model 4 is placed in the oral model 7 and closed when the semi-liquid food model 4 is placed in the esophagus model 1. Figure 2 Specifically, a hinge shaft is provided below the epiglottis cartilage model 3, and the hinge shaft is inserted into the hypopharynx. The area of the hypopharynx where the hinge shaft is inserted has a rectangular block made of hard plastic. The rectangular block fixes the hinge shaft, and the rectangular block is also provided with a notch for fixing the drive motor and the control module. The drive motor and the control module are fixed in the notch.
[0042] A torsion spring is provided on the hinge shaft, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the rectangular block, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the epiglottis cartilage model 3. The setting of the torsion spring facilitates the natural recovery of the epiglottis cartilage model 3 after the tracheal passage is closed by external force; a drive motor is provided on the hinge shaft, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the control module. The drive motor is set to turn on or off according to the signal of the control module.
[0043] The laryngopharynx is provided with a photoresistor, which has a hole for placing the photoresistor. The photoresistor is placed in the hole and is electrically connected to the control module. The control module controls the opening or closing of the drive motor according to the change of the light intensity received by the photoresistor.
[0044] Specifically, the photoresistor is placed in the hole to prevent the photoresistor from being affected by external light sources and causing the resistance value of the photoresistor to change; an incident light source is provided on the opposite side of the photoresistor, and the incident light source is set to an LED lamp. The photoresistor is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module controls the opening or closing of the drive motor according to the change in the light intensity received by the photoresistor.
[0045] When the semi-liquid food model 4 slides from the oral model 7 to the laryngopharynx, the semi-liquid food model 4 blocks the incident light source, so that the incident light source cannot be irradiated on the photoresistor, and the resistance of the photoresistor increases. The control module detects the resistance at both ends of the photoresistor in real time. When the control module detects that the resistance at both ends of the photoresistor suddenly increases, the control module controls the drive motor to open at a preset angle and then close, so that the epiglottis cartilage model closes the tracheal passage, so as to demonstrate the oral swallowing process to doctors, patients or students, which is conducive to popularizing the importance of developing good eating habits to patients or students.
[0046] Patients often eat in bed. After using the multifunctional teaching model of this application to explain to patients the dangers of tilting their heads back to eat, the multifunctional teaching model of this application is placed in a conspicuous place in the ward to remind patients to lower their heads to eat, chew slowly, and develop good eating habits.
[0047] Preferably, a power switch is provided on the surface of the torso shell, and the power switch is electrically connected to the photoresistor. When demonstrating that the semi-liquid food model will slide down uncontrollably when the patient tilts his head back to eat, to prevent the semi-liquid food from entering the trachea and causing choking, the power switch is turned off, thereby demonstrating that when the patient tilts his head back to eat, the epiglottis cartilage does not have time to close, and the semi-liquid food will enter the trachea and cause choking; when demonstrating that the patient lowers his head to eat, the switch power is turned on, and when the semi-liquid food model 4 passes through the laryngopharynx and enters the esophagus model 1, the epiglottis cartilage model 3 is closed, thereby demonstrating that when the patient lowers his head to eat, the epiglottis cartilage can close the tracheal passage, thereby preventing the semi-liquid food from entering the trachea and causing choking.
[0048] The semi-liquid food model 4 is configured as an elliptical sphere made of a rubidium magnet. The upper surface of the cover is slidably connected to a magnetic part. When the patient lowers his head to eat, the magnetic part is used to attract the semi-liquid food model from the oral model to the laryngopharynx. When the magnetic part is removed, the semi-liquid food model can fall freely to the esophagus model.
[0049] Preferably, a traction rope is provided at the front end of the semi-liquid food model, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the lips of the oral model; after the demonstration is over, the semi-liquid food model 4 is pulled out from the stomach model 6 by the traction rope and placed at the root of the tongue of the oral model, so as to facilitate use during the next demonstration.
[0050] A gastric tube is inserted into the nasal cavity model 5 or the oral cavity model 7, and the front end of the gastric tube is placed in the stomach model 6; when the gastric tube is inserted from the oral cavity model 7 or the nasal cavity model 5 and placed in the stomach model 6 through the esophagus model 1, because both the esophagus model 1 and the stomach model 6 are set to be translucent colors, the position of the front end of the gastric tube can be clearly displayed, so that medical staff can perform oral feeding or nasogastric tube intubation training. When used as a gastric tube intubation model, the position of the front end of the gastric tube can be clearly seen.
[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multifunctional teaching model, characterized in that: include: A trunk shell, wherein the trunk shell is configured as a transparent shell and has a cavity structure, wherein a stomach model (6), an esophagus model (1), and a trachea model (2) are placed in the cavity structure; The stomach model (6) is connected to the esophagus model (1), the outer wall of the esophagus model is partially fitted with the outer wall of the trachea model, and both the esophagus model (1) and the trachea model (2) have an open end, and the open end is located in the hypopharynx; The upper part of the laryngopharynx is provided with an oropharynx, the oral cavity model (7) is provided in the oropharynx, a semi-liquid food model (4) is placed in the oral cavity model (7), a traction rope is provided at the front end of the semi-liquid food model (4), and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the lips of the oral cavity model; The hypopharynx is hinged with an epiglottis cartilage model (3), and the epiglottis cartilage model (3) is configured to be open when the semi-liquid food model (4) is placed in the oral model (7), and closed when the semi-liquid food model (4) is placed in the esophagus model (1).
2. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The esophagus model (1) simulates an adult esophagus, and the esophagus model (1) has a first narrow part (1-1), a second narrow part (1-2), and a third narrow part (1-3); The first narrow part (1-1) is located at the entrance of the open end of the esophagus model, the second narrow part (1-2) is located at the left main bronchus model along the front crossing part of the esophagus model, and the third narrow part (1-3) is located at the connection part between the esophagus model and the stomach model.
3. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A neck model (8) is connected above the torso shell, and a head model is connected above the neck model (8); The laryngopharynx is located in the neck model (8), and the oropharynx is located in the head model; The neck model (8) is made entirely of soft silicone.
4. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hinge shaft is provided below the epiglottis cartilage model (3), and the hinge shaft is plugged into the hypopharynx; The area of the hypopharynx where the hinge shaft is inserted has a rectangular block made of hard plastic. A torsion spring is passed through the hinge shaft. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the rectangular block, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the epiglottis cartilage model (3).
5. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 4, characterized in that: A drive motor is provided on the hinge shaft, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the control module. The drive motor is configured to be turned on or off according to a signal from the control module.
6. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laryngopharynx is provided with a photoresistor, which is electrically connected to the control module. An incident light source is provided on the opposite side of the photoresistor. The control module controls the driving motor to be turned on or off according to the change of the light intensity received by the photoresistor.
7. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The esophagus model (1) and the stomach model (6) are both formed by extrusion of translucent colored plastic.
8. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nasal cavity model (5) is provided above the oral cavity model (7), and the oral cavity model (7) is connected to the nasal cavity model (5); The oral cavity model (7) and the nasal cavity model (5) are both placed in the head model.
9. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trunk shell is configured as a half-shell that is cut and arranged, and a cover plate is provided on the surface of the half-shell; The stomach model (6), esophagus model (1) and trachea model (2) are fixed on the cover plate.
10. A multifunctional teaching model according to claim 8, characterized in that: A gastric tube is inserted into the nasal cavity model (5) or the oral cavity model (7), and the front end of the gastric tube is placed in the stomach model (6).