Thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

One or more embodiments of the utility model provide a thermal management system and a vehicle, the thermal management system is applied to an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprises an engine, an electric drive assembly, a first-stage four-way valve, a second-stage four-way valve, a five-way valve, a battery and a passenger compartment; the thermal management system includes an engine circuit to regulate a temperature of the engine; the motor loop is used for adjusting the temperature of the motor; the battery loop is used for adjusting the temperature of the battery; the cooling loop is used for assisting in adjusting the temperature of the battery and the temperature of the motor; the transmission loop is used for connecting the first-stage four-way valve, the second-stage four-way valve and the five-way valve; the air conditioner loop is used for adjusting the temperature of the passenger compartment, and the air conditioner loop comprises a water-cooled condenser.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] One or more embodiments of this specification relate to the field of new energy vehicles, and in particular, to a thermal management system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, extended-range or hybrid models are all equipped with an engine thermal management system based on the pure electric solution, and need to take into account the vehicle's air-conditioning and cooling performance and control production costs while meeting the actual needs of users.

[0003] In the solution of adding an engine thermal management system on the basis of the existing pure electric solution, since the working environment of the air conditioning of the extended-range or hybrid vehicle is worse than that of the pure electric solution, the cooling effect of the air conditioning of the former is lower than that of the latter. In addition, the cost of related components in the existing technical solution is relatively high, which is not conducive to further market promotion.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technical solution of adding an engine thermal management system on the basis of the existing pure electric system still has defects in terms of poor cooling effect and high cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, one or more embodiments of this specification provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to a first aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a thermal management system is provided for use in an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprising: an engine, an electric drive assembly, a primary four-way valve, a secondary four-way valve, a five-way valve, a battery, and a passenger compartment; the thermal management system comprises:

[0007] an engine circuit for regulating the temperature of the engine;

[0008] a motor circuit for regulating the temperature of the motor;

[0009] A battery circuit, for regulating the temperature of the battery;

[0010] a cooling circuit, for assisting in regulating the temperature of the battery and the motor;

[0011] a transmission circuit, used for connecting the primary four-way valve, the secondary four-way valve and the five-way valve;

[0012] an air conditioning circuit for regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment, the air conditioning circuit comprising a water-cooled condenser,

[0013] The air conditioning circuit and the transmission circuit share the water-cooled condenser, and the cooling circuit and the air conditioning circuit share the low-temperature cooler;

[0014] The first-level four-way valve is used to control the engine circuit and the water-cooled condenser, and the second-level four-way valve forms different circuits;

[0015] The secondary four-way valve and the five-way valve are used to control the water-cooled condenser, the low-temperature cooler, the motor circuit and the battery circuit to form different circuits.

[0016] Optionally, the air-conditioning circuit further includes a compressor; the thermal management system further includes: a hot gas bypass circuit for adjusting the air pressure input into the compressor.

[0017] Optionally, a cross-flow temperature control device or a water mixing chamber is further connected between the engine circuit and the first-level four-way valve.

[0018] Optionally, the first-level four-way valve includes four ports, two ports of the first-level four-way valve are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet of the engine circuit, and the other two ports of the first-level four-way valve are respectively connected to the water-cooled condenser and the second-level four-way valve through the transmission circuit.

[0019] Optionally, the secondary four-way valve includes four ports, one port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the primary four-way valve through the transmission circuit, another port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the battery circuit, another port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the motor circuit, and the remaining port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the low-temperature cooler through the cooling circuit; the five-way valve includes five ports, one port of the five-way valve is connected to the water-cooled condenser through the transmission circuit, another port of the five-way valve is connected to the low-temperature cooler through the cooling circuit, another port of the five-way valve is connected to the battery circuit, and the remaining two ports of the five-way valve are connected to the motor circuit.

[0020] Optionally, the transmission circuit is provided with a three-way valve and a warm air fluid pump, wherein the three-way valve is used to adjust the flow direction of the flowing medium in the transmission circuit, and the warm air fluid pump is used to transmit the flowing medium in the transmission circuit.

[0021] Optionally, the motor circuit includes a low-temperature radiator, a motor and a motor water pump, wherein the motor and the motor water pump are connected in series, and the motor water pump is used to transmit the flow medium in the motor circuit; and / or,

[0022] The battery circuit includes a high-voltage battery pack and a battery water pump, wherein the battery water pump is used to transport a flow medium in the battery circuit.

[0023] Optionally, when the first-level four-way valve is in a first connection mode, the engine circuit is not connected to the transmission circuit; when the first-level four-way valve is in a second connection mode, the engine circuit is connected to the transmission circuit.

[0024] Optionally, the motor circuit includes a first motor sub-circuit and a second motor sub-circuit, the first motor sub-circuit does not include a low-temperature radiator, and the second motor sub-circuit includes a low-temperature radiator;

[0025] When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the first communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit and the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit and the cooling circuit;

[0026] When the secondary four-way valve is in the second communication mode and the five-way valve is in the first communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the cooling circuit;

[0027] When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the second communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit and the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit and the cooling circuit;

[0028] When the secondary four-way valve is in the second communication mode and the five-way valve is in the second communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the cooling circuit;

[0029] When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the third communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit;

[0030] When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the fourth communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit.

[0031] Optionally, according to a second aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, an electric vehicle is proposed, comprising a thermal management system as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0032] As can be seen from the above embodiments, this specification utilizes different interconnections between the primary, secondary, and five-way valves to create distinct circuits for the engine, motor, battery, cooling, transmission, and air conditioning systems. This allows the cooling and heating requirements of the engine, passenger compartment, battery, and motor in extended-range or hybrid electric vehicles under different operating conditions to be met. The water-cooled condenser in the air conditioning circuit provides higher heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving cooling efficiency. The simple structure and ease of manufacturing of the four-way and five-way valves effectively reduce the overall production cost of the thermal management system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating mode of a thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat source of a thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat source of another thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a cooling mode of a thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another cooling mode of a thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention.

[0041] The terms used in this utility model are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the utility model. As used in this utility model and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0042] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this utility model to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, first information can also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of this utility model, and similarly, second information can also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when...", "when...", or "in response to determining."

[0043] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided by an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the structure can include a primary four-way valve 100, a secondary four-way valve 200, a five-way valve 300, and multiple circuits, including an engine circuit 400, a motor circuit 500, a battery circuit 600, a cooling circuit 700, a transmission circuit 800, and an air conditioning circuit 900. The primary four-way valve 100 can control the engine circuit 400, the liquid-cooled condenser (LCC) 902, and the secondary four-way valve 200 to form different circuits; the secondary four-way valve 200 and the five-way valve 300 can control the liquid-cooled condenser 902, the cryogenic cooler 904, the motor circuit 500, and the battery circuit 600 to form different circuits. This meets the functional requirements of the passenger compartment, battery, and motor under different operating conditions.

[0044] The air conditioning circuit 900 specifically comprises a compressor 901, a water-cooled condenser 902, a drying bottle 903, a low-temperature cooler (Chiller) 904, a front air conditioner 905, a rear air conditioner 906, and multiple electronic expansion valves 908-910. In addition to including evaporators, the front air conditioner 905 and the rear air conditioner 906 may include a heater core, and the rear air conditioner 906 may include a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor. The thermal management system may also include a hot gas bypass circuit 1000. The inlet and outlet of the hot gas bypass circuit 1000 may be connected to both ends of the compressor 901 to regulate the pressure of the gas input to the compressor. Specifically, the hot gas bypass circuit 1000 can re-input some of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas output by the compressor to quickly ensure that the compressor meets the corresponding minimum pressure threshold at an extremely low temperature, thereby increasing the operating speed of the compressor, so that it can provide more heat to the water-cooled condenser 902 in the air conditioning circuit 900. At the same time, the drying bottle 903 added after the water-cooled condenser 902 can realize the control of the overheating that may be caused by the hot gas bypass circuit 1000 to the air conditioning circuit 900, thereby effectively reducing the risk of liquid hammer in the compressor 901.

[0045] A crossflow thermal control (CTC) 1100 can be configured between the engine circuit 400 and the transmission circuit 800 to evenly transfer heat generated by the engine 401 in the engine circuit 400 to the transmission circuit 800, thereby heating the passenger compartment via the heater core in the front compartment air conditioner 905. This prevents excessive heat from the engine circuit 400 from directly entering the transmission circuit 800 and interfering with the normal operation of components in the water-cooled condenser 902 and other circuits. Of course, the CTC can also be replaced by a mixing chamber. The difference between the two is that the fluid medium between different circuits in the CTC does not directly contact each other during heat exchange, while contact occurs in the mixing chamber. The fluid medium can be coolant.

[0046] The communication between the engine circuit 400 and the transmission circuit 800 can be controlled by the primary four-way valve 100. The primary four-way valve 100 includes four ports, of which ports 2 and 4 are connected to the outlet and inlet of the engine circuit 400, respectively. The other two ports 1 and 3 of the primary four-way valve 100 are connected to the water-cooled condenser 902 and the secondary four-way valve 200, respectively. When the flowing medium in the transmission circuit 800 does not need to obtain heat from the engine circuit 400, port 1 and port 3 of the primary four-way valve 100 can be connected, while port 2 and port 4 are connected. This disconnects the engine circuit 400 from the transmission circuit 800, thereby blocking heat exchange between the transmission circuit 800 and the engine circuit 400. In this case, the primary four-way valve 100 is said to be in the first communication mode. When the flowing medium in the transmission circuit 800 needs to obtain heat from the engine circuit 400, port 3 and port 4 in the first-level four-way valve 100 can be connected, and port 1 and port 2 can be connected at the same time to connect the engine circuit 400 with the transmission circuit 800, thereby realizing heat exchange between the transmission circuit 800 and the engine circuit 400. At this time, the first-level four-way valve 100 can be said to be in the second connection mode.

[0047] The above-mentioned secondary four-way valve 200 may include four ports, and the five-way valve 300 may include five ports, wherein port 1 in the secondary four-way valve 200 can be connected to the motor circuit 500, port 2 in the secondary four-way valve 200 can be connected to the above-mentioned primary four-way valve 100 through the transmission circuit 800, port 3 in the secondary four-way valve 200 can be connected to the low-temperature cooler 904 through the cooling circuit 700, and port 4 in the secondary four-way valve 200 can be connected to the battery circuit 600; port 1 of the five-way valve 300 can be connected to the low-temperature cooler 904 through the cooling circuit 700, port 2 of the five-way valve 300 can be connected to the battery circuit 600, port 3 of the five-way valve 300 can be connected to the water-cooled condenser 902 through the transmission circuit 800, and the remaining two ports 4 and 5 can be connected to the motor circuit 500. It is understandable that since the ports of the secondary four-way valve 200 and the five-way valve 300 correspond to the inlet and outlet ends of the low-temperature cooler 904, the battery circuit 600, the motor circuit 500, and the transmission circuit 800, respectively, by controlling the port connection mode of the secondary four-way valve 200 and the five-way valve 300, the water-cooled condenser 902, the low-temperature cooler 904, the motor circuit 500, the battery circuit 600, the cooling circuit 700, and the transmission circuit 800 can be controlled to form different circuits.

[0048] In fact, the secondary four-way valve 200 and the five-way valve 300 can be connected to any end of the inlet and outlet of the motor circuit 500, the cooling circuit 700, the transmission circuit 800 and the battery circuit 600 respectively, and then the connection between the ports inside the secondary four-way valve 200 and the five-way valve 300 or the flow direction of the corresponding fluid pump can be adjusted to achieve the desired effect. Figure 1 The same effect is achieved. In short, this specification does not limit the specific connection method between the secondary four-way valve 200 and the five-way valve 300 and other components and circuits.

[0049] The following further describes the specific components within the engine circuit 400, motor circuit 500, battery circuit 600, cooling circuit 700, transmission circuit 800, and air conditioning circuit 900. Engine circuit 400 may include an engine 401, a high-temperature radiator 402, an engine fluid pump 403, and an engine water bottle 404. In the context of electric vehicles, engine 401 may also be referred to as an internal combustion engine. In the motor circuit 500, a motor 501, a motor fluid pump 502, a low-temperature radiator 503 and a motor kettle 504 can be provided. Specifically, the motor 501 can be provided with components such as a current sensing circuit (CSC), a pre-charge module (PCM), an overload protection (ODP), a thermal overload cutout, and a winding current and temperature adjustment control (WCAC). The motor 501 and the motor fluid pump 502 can be connected in series, and the motor fluid pump 502 is used to transmit the flow medium in the motor circuit 500. Of course, the motor circuit 500 can also be divided into a first motor sub-circuit and a second motor sub-circuit according to whether it includes a low-temperature radiator, wherein the first motor sub-circuit does not include a low-temperature radiator, and the second motor sub-circuit includes a low-temperature radiator. The battery circuit 600 may include a battery 601 and a battery fluid pump 602. The battery 601 may be a high-voltage battery pack. The battery fluid pump 602 is used to transfer the fluid in the battery circuit 600. Furthermore, the battery circuit 600 and the motor circuit 500 may share coolant from the same motor water bottle 504. In the cooling circuit 700, the high-temperature fluid output from port 3 of the secondary four-way valve 200 may be transferred to a low-temperature cooler 904. The low-temperature coolant output from the low-temperature cooler 904 is then transferred to the five-way valve 300. In the transmission circuit 800, a warm air fluid pump 801, a high-pressure coolant heater 802 (High Voltage Control Heater, HVCH), and a three-way valve 803 can be provided, wherein the HVCH 802 can be realized by PTC, and the three-way valve 803 can be used to adjust the flow direction of the flowing medium in the transmission circuit 800, and at the same time control whether the coolant is input into the warm air core of the front compartment air conditioner 905 to achieve heating of the passenger compartment, and the warm air fluid pump 801 can be used for the flowing medium in the transmission circuit 800.The air-conditioning circuit 900 is provided with a compressor 901, a water-cooled condenser 902, a drying bottle 903, an electronic expansion valve 907 and its corresponding low-temperature cooler 904, an electronic expansion valve 908 and its corresponding front compartment air-conditioning 905, an electronic expansion valve 909 and its corresponding rear compartment air-conditioning 906, wherein the water-cooled condenser 902 is shared by the air-conditioning circuit 900 and the transmission circuit 800, and the low-temperature cooler 904 is shared by the cooling circuit 700 and the air-conditioning circuit 900, and the flowing medium in the air-conditioning circuit 900 may be a refrigerant different from the coolant.

[0050] Furthermore, corresponding cooling fans can be provided for high-temperature radiator 402 and low-temperature radiator 503 to further enhance their heat dissipation performance. Compared to existing pure electric solutions that add an engine thermal management system, the thermal management system provided by this application improves the cooling effect of the air conditioning system through the provision of a water-cooled condenser 902. Furthermore, the four-way and five-way valves have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture, effectively reducing the overall production cost of the thermal management system.

[0051] First, this manual uniformly stipulates the connection methods of the first-level four-way valve, the second-level four-way valve, and the five-way valve as follows:

[0052] There are two connection modes for the first-stage four-way valve. The first connection mode is to connect port 1 with port 3 and port 2 with port 4 at the same time. The second connection mode is to connect port 1 with port 2 and port 3 with port 4 at the same time.

[0053] There are two connection modes for the two-stage four-way valve. The first connection mode is to connect port 1 with port 3 and port 2 with port 4 at the same time. The second connection mode is to connect port 1 with port 2 and port 3 with port 4 at the same time.

[0054] There are four connection modes for the five-way valve, among which the first connection mode is to connect port 1 with port 2 and port 3 with port 4 at the same time, the second connection mode is to connect port 1 with port 2 and port 3 with port 5 at the same time, the third connection mode is to connect port 2 with port 3 and port 1 with port 4 at the same time, and the fourth connection mode is to connect port 2 with port 3 and port 1 with port 5 at the same time.

[0055] The connection mode of the first-stage four-way valve has the following effects:

[0056] When the primary four-way valve is in the first communication mode, the engine circuit is not communicated with the transmission circuit; when the primary four-way valve is in the second communication mode, the engine circuit is communicated with the transmission circuit.

[0057] The combination of the two-stage four-way valve and the five-way valve has the following effects:

[0058] When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the first communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit and the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit and the cooling circuit; when the secondary four-way valve is in the second communication mode and the five-way valve is in the first communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the cooling circuit; when the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the second communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit and the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the upper The transmission circuit and the cooling circuit are connected; when the secondary four-way valve is in the second connection mode and the five-way valve is in the second connection mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the cooling circuit; when the secondary four-way valve is in the first connection mode and the five-way valve is in the third connection mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit; when the secondary four-way valve is in the first connection mode and the five-way valve is in the fourth connection mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit.

[0059] The following uses specific embodiments and corresponding drawings in the specification to explain in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. According to the combination of different connection methods between the first-level four-way valve, the second-level four-way valve and the five-way valve, the thermal management system can achieve thermal management effects in different scenarios. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other. The same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. It should be noted that in order to improve the readability of the drawings, this specification will hide the lines that have no main relationship with the current vehicle function scenario. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0060] like Figure 2As shown, assuming that the vehicle is in pure electric mode and winter heating scenario, at this time, the first-level four-way valve 100 and the second-level four-way valve 200 are respectively in their respective first connection modes, and the five-way valve 300 is in the third connection mode or the fourth connection mode (that is, ports 2 and 3 are connected to each other), then the electronic expansion valve 907 in the air-conditioning circuit 900 is opened, and the remaining electronic expansion valves 908 and 909 are closed. At this time, the flow medium in the air-conditioning circuit 900 circulates along the path of the compressor 901, the water-cooled condenser 902, the drying bottle 903, the electronic expansion valve 907, the low-temperature cooler 904, and the compressor 901. The water-cooled condenser 902 condenses the flow medium in the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state output by the compressor 901, thereby releasing heat to the transmission circuit 800 connected to the water-cooled condenser 902. The heated fluid medium in the transmission circuit 800 after passing through the water-cooled condenser 902 passes through the warm air fluid pump 801, flows through the water-cooled condenser 902, HVCH 802, three-way valve 803, front compartment air conditioner 905, five-way valve 300, battery fluid pump 602, battery 601 and the secondary four-way valve 200, primary four-way valve 100, warm air fluid pump 801, and water-cooled condenser 902, and further transmits the above heat to the warm air core of the front compartment air conditioner 905 and the battery 601 to ensure that the passenger compartment is heated and the battery meets the minimum starting operating temperature. Among them, the three-way valve 803 can also control the heated fluid medium to flow to the front compartment air conditioner 905 or the five-way valve 300 separately according to actual functional requirements. Specifically, the three-way valve 803 can be divided into Figure 2 Among the ports 1, 2, and 3, when port 1 is closed and ports 2 and 3 are opened, the above-mentioned flow medium directly returns to the first-level four-way valve 100 through the warm air core of the front compartment air conditioner 905, thereby heating the passenger compartment only; when port 3 is closed and ports 1 and 2 are opened, the above-mentioned flow medium no longer passes through the front compartment air conditioner 905, but passes through the five-way valve 300, the battery fluid pump 602, the battery 601 and the second-level four-way valve 200, and finally returns to the first-level four-way valve 100, thereby heating the battery alone.

[0061] Of course, the above Figure 2 Only the heating process of the heated object is described, and no further classification is made for the actual heat source in the transmission circuit 800. Figure 2 Provided on the basis of Figure 3 The following is a schematic diagram of the heat sources of the thermal management system to introduce the heat sources of the transmission circuit 800. First, the above heat sources can be generally divided into four types: 1. Waste heat from the engine circuit 400, 2. Heat absorbed from the motor by the low-temperature cooler 904 in the air conditioning circuit 900, 3. Heat from the hot gas bypass circuit 1000 in the air conditioning circuit 900, and 4. Heat from the HVCH 802 in the transmission circuit 800.

[0062] For the first type of heat source, the premise is that the electric vehicle is in the feeding mode rather than the pure electric mode mentioned above. The reason is that: in the pure electric mode, the vehicle is completely powered by the battery 601, and the motor 501 drives the vehicle. The engine 401 does not participate in the work, so it cannot generate heat. The feeding mode means that the vehicle's internal combustion engine starts and charges the battery, and may also assist the electric motor to drive the vehicle. At this time, heat will inevitably be generated, and the battery power is usually not enough to support the operation of the compressor 901 and HVCH802 at the same time. These devices may not work. In this regard, a temperature sensor can be set in the engine circuit to detect the temperature of the engine circuit. When the temperature is greater than or equal to the preset engine circuit temperature threshold, CTC1100 can be used to exchange the temperature of the engine circuit to the transmission circuit 800, and the front compartment air conditioner can be used to heat the passenger compartment. Of course, at this time, the first-level four-way valve 100 needs to be in Figure 3 The second connection mode shown, rather than Figure 2 The first connection mode is shown.

[0063] For the second type of heat source, it is the heat absorbed by the low temperature cooling machine 904 from the motor circuit 500. Specifically, assuming that the five-way valve 300 is Figure 3 As shown in the third connection mode, the heat generated by the motor 501 during operation will be transferred to port 1 of the secondary four-way valve 200 along with the flow medium driven by the motor fluid pump 502, and then pass through port 3 of the secondary four-way valve 200 to the low-temperature cooler 904 and be absorbed by the heat, and then circulate through the cooling circuit 700, ports 1 and 4 of the five-way valve 300, and the motor fluid pump 502. Assuming that the five-way valve 300 is in the fourth connection mode, that is, ports 2 and 3 are connected, and port 1 and port 5 are connected, the heat generated by the motor 501 during operation, as well as the heat dissipated to the outside air by the high-temperature radiator 402 and the low-temperature radiator 503, will be transferred to port 1 of the secondary four-way valve 200 along with the flow medium driven by the motor fluid pump 502, and then pass through port 3 of the secondary four-way valve 200 to the low-temperature cooler 904 and be absorbed by the heat, and then circulate through the cooling circuit 700, ports 1 and 5 of the five-way valve 300, and the motor fluid pump 502.

[0064] For the third type of heat source, which is the hot gas bypass loop 1000 in the air-conditioning loop 900, as mentioned above, part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas output by the compressor is re-input into the compressor to quickly increase the compressor speed at low temperatures, thereby providing greater heat for the air-conditioning loop 900, thereby also increasing the heat of the flowing medium in the transmission loop 800 that shares the water-cooled condenser 902 with the air-conditioning loop 900.

[0065] Regarding the fourth type of heat source, which is the HVCH802 in the transmission circuit 800, this heat source can directly provide heat for the transmission circuit 800 by heating itself, and then heat the passenger compartment through the three-way valve 803 and the heater core.

[0066] The above four methods can be ranked from highest to lowest in terms of energy efficiency ratio as one, two, three, and four. That is, when the temperature of the transmission circuit 800 is insufficient to provide heating capacity for the passenger compartment, the system can prioritize the first heat source type. If the temperature is still insufficient, the second heat source type can be used, and so on until the fourth heat source type is used. Of course, different heat source types can be used simultaneously or independently according to user needs, provided that the connection methods of the first-level four-way valve, the second-level four-way valve, and the five-way valve are consistent. For example, when the third heat source type, i.e., the hot gas bypass circuit 1000, is opened, the third heat source type can be used to absorb heat from the environment or utilize waste heat from other components, thereby improving the heating efficiency during hot gas bypass and achieving a coefficient of performance (COP) greater than 1 during hot gas bypass. This is not limited in this specification.

[0067] In addition, there may be a fifth type of heat source, namely the heat absorbed by the low temperature cooler 904 in the air conditioning circuit 900 from the battery 601 in the battery circuit 600. Figure 4 As shown, the battery 601 has met the minimum starting operating temperature and can operate normally and generate heat. Then the secondary four-way valve 200 can be in the second connection mode to transfer the heat of the battery 601 through ports 4 and 3 of the secondary four-way valve 200, to be absorbed by the low-temperature cooler 904, and then circulate through the cooling circuit 700, ports 1 and 4 of the five-way valve 300, the motor fluid pump 502, the motor 501, the ports 1 and 2 of the secondary four-way valve 200, the transmission circuit 800, the primary four-way valve 100, the warm air fluid pump 801, the HVCH 802, the three-way valve 803, the ports 3 and 2 of the five-way valve 300, the battery fluid pump 602, and the battery 601. Among them, the three-way valve 803 can allow a portion of the flow medium to flow to the warm air core of the front cabin air conditioner 905 to heat the passenger compartment. The five-way valve 300 can also be set to be in the second connection mode. Figure 4 The fourth communication mode in addition to the third communication mode shown is used to additionally absorb the heat emitted by the high-temperature radiator 402 and the low-temperature radiator 503 to the external air environment.

[0068] like Figure 5As shown, assuming that the vehicle is in pure electric mode and in the summer cooling scenario, at this time, the first-level four-way valve 100 is in the first connection mode, the second-level four-way valve 200 is in the second connection mode, and the five-way valve 300 is in the second connection mode, then the electronic expansion valve 907 in the air-conditioning circuit 900 is closed, and the remaining electronic expansion valves 908 and 909 are opened. At this time, the flow medium in the air-conditioning circuit 900 circulates along the path of the compressor 901, the water-cooled condenser 902, the drying bottle 903, the electronic expansion valve 908, the electronic expansion valve 909, the front compartment air-conditioning 905, the rear compartment air-conditioning 906 and the compressor 901. The flow medium in the air-conditioning circuit 900 whose temperature is reduced due to the water-cooled condenser 902 will exchange heat with the passenger compartment through the front compartment air-conditioning 905 and the rear compartment air-conditioning 906, thereby cooling the passenger compartment. Furthermore, the heat released from the air conditioning circuit 900 to the transmission circuit 800 via the water-cooled condenser 902 needs to be dissipated. Therefore, it circulates through the water-cooled condenser 902, HVCH 802, three-way valve 803, ports 3 and 5 of the five-way valve 300, the low-temperature radiator 503, the motor fluid pump 502, the motor 501, ports 1 and 2 of the secondary four-way valve 200, the transmission circuit 800, the primary four-way valve 100, the warm air fluid pump 801, and the water-cooled condenser 902. This heat is ultimately transferred to the outside air via the low-temperature radiator 503. In cooling scenarios, the three-way valve 803 can directly close the port corresponding to the front compartment air conditioner. Furthermore, by controlling the on / off control of the electronic expansion valves 908 and 909, independent cooling of the front compartment air conditioner 905 and the rear compartment air conditioner 906 can be achieved.

[0069] It is understandable that, regardless of whether it is in the above-mentioned pure electric mode, the first-stage four-way valve 100 can be in the first connection mode to prevent the heat of the engine circuit 400 from being transferred to the transmission circuit 800 to further increase the heat dissipation burden.

[0070] Of course, in addition to cooling the passenger compartment, the battery 601 can also be cooled simultaneously or separately to prevent the battery 601 from being subjected to excessively high ambient temperature, which may lead to performance degradation. Figure 6 As shown, the electronic expansion valve 907 in the air conditioning circuit 900 can be opened, so that the low-temperature cooler 904 can exchange heat with the circulation path formed by the battery 601, the battery fluid pump 602 and the ports 4 and 3 of the secondary four-way valve 200, the low-temperature cooler 904, the cooling circuit 700, the ports 1 and 2 of the five-way valve 300, and the battery fluid pump 602, thereby removing the heat generated by the operation of the battery 601 in the circulation path. Among them, if the electronic expansion valve 908 and the electronic expansion valve 909 are closed, then Figure 6 The low-temperature radiator 503 will only be used to dissipate heat for the battery 601.

[0071] In addition, it is understandable that in other modes of the vehicle, corresponding functions can also be achieved based on the combination of different communication modes between the first-level four-way valve, the second-level four-way valve and the five-way valve. Taking the dehumidification mode as an example, in cold weather, if fog appears on the car window, turning on the dehumidification mode will usually make the air conditioning system, for example Figures 1 to 4 The front cabin air conditioner blows out warm and dry air heated by the water-cooled condenser 902 to clear the fog. At this time, the dehumidification mode may not lower the temperature in the car, but will slightly increase the temperature to help quickly remove the moisture on the glass. In hot and humid weather, the dehumidification mode allows the air conditioning system to operate at a lower temperature, such as Figure 5 、 6 The front and rear air conditioners condense moisture from the air cooled by condenser 902, thereby reducing humidity. At this point, the temperature inside the vehicle may drop slightly, as lower temperatures help more effectively remove moisture from the air. The connection between the primary, secondary, and five-way valves has been previously described and will not be repeated here.

[0072] Based on the same concept as the above method, this specification also provides an electric vehicle, which includes the thermal management system described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0073] Although the present invention includes many specific implementation details, these should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of any utility model or the scope of protection claimed, but are mainly used to describe the features of the specific embodiments of a particular utility model. Certain features described in multiple embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. On the other hand, the various features described in a single embodiment may also be implemented separately in multiple embodiments or in any suitable sub-combination. In addition, although features may work in certain combinations as described above and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from the claimed combination may be removed from the combination in some cases, and the claimed combination may point to a sub-combination or a variation of the sub-combination.

[0074] Similarly, although operations are depicted in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be understood as requiring that these operations be performed in the particular order shown or performed sequentially, or that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve the desired results. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. In addition, the separation of various system modules and components in the above-described embodiments should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product, or packaged into multiple software products.

[0075] Thus, specific embodiments of the subject matter have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the particular order shown or sequential sequence to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, applied to electric vehicles, characterized in that: The electric vehicle includes: an engine, an electric drive assembly, a first-level four-way valve, a second-level four-way valve, a five-way valve, a battery and a passenger compartment; the thermal management system includes: an engine circuit for regulating the temperature of the engine; a motor circuit for regulating the temperature of the motor; A battery circuit, for regulating the temperature of the battery; a cooling circuit, for assisting in regulating the temperature of the battery and the motor; a transmission circuit, used for connecting the primary four-way valve, the secondary four-way valve and the five-way valve; an air conditioning circuit for regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment, the air conditioning circuit comprising a water-cooled condenser, The air conditioning circuit and the transmission circuit share the water-cooled condenser, and the cooling circuit and the air conditioning circuit share the low-temperature cooler; The first-level four-way valve is used to control the engine circuit and the water-cooled condenser, and the second-level four-way valve forms different circuits; The secondary four-way valve and the five-way valve are used to control the water-cooled condenser, the low-temperature cooler, the motor circuit and the battery circuit to form different circuits.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that The air conditioning circuit further includes a compressor; the thermal management system further includes: a hot gas bypass circuit for adjusting the air pressure input into the compressor.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: A cross-flow temperature control device or a water mixing chamber is further connected between the engine circuit and the first-level four-way valve.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The first-level four-way valve includes four ports, two of which are connected to the outlet and inlet of the engine circuit respectively, and the other two ports of the first-level four-way valve are connected to the water-cooled condenser and the second-level four-way valve respectively through the transmission circuit.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The secondary four-way valve includes four ports, one port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the primary four-way valve through the transmission circuit, another port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the battery circuit, another port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the motor circuit, and the remaining port of the secondary four-way valve is connected to the low-temperature cooler through the cooling circuit; the five-way valve includes five ports, one port of the five-way valve is connected to the water-cooled condenser through the transmission circuit, another port of the five-way valve is connected to the low-temperature cooler through the cooling circuit, another port of the five-way valve is connected to the battery circuit, and the remaining two ports of the five-way valve are connected to the motor circuit.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission circuit is provided with a three-way valve and a warm air fluid pump, wherein the three-way valve is used to adjust the flow direction of the flowing medium in the transmission circuit, and the warm air fluid pump is used to transmit the flowing medium in the transmission circuit.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The motor circuit includes a low-temperature radiator, a motor and a motor water pump, wherein the motor and the motor water pump are connected in series, and the motor water pump is used to transmit the flow medium in the motor circuit; and / or, The battery circuit includes a high-voltage battery pack and a battery water pump, wherein the battery water pump is used to transport a flow medium in the battery circuit.

8. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: When the primary four-way valve is in the first communication mode, the engine circuit is not communicated with the transmission circuit; when the primary four-way valve is in the second communication mode, the engine circuit is communicated with the transmission circuit.

9. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The motor circuit includes a first motor sub-circuit and a second motor sub-circuit, the first motor sub-circuit does not include a low-temperature radiator, and the second motor sub-circuit includes a low-temperature radiator; When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the first communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit and the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit and the cooling circuit; When the secondary four-way valve is in the second communication mode and the five-way valve is in the first communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the cooling circuit; When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the second communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit and the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit and the cooling circuit; When the secondary four-way valve is in the second communication mode and the five-way valve is in the second communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the transmission circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the cooling circuit; When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the third communication mode, the first motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit; When the secondary four-way valve is in the first communication mode and the five-way valve is in the fourth communication mode, the second motor sub-circuit is connected to the cooling circuit, and the battery circuit is connected to the transmission circuit.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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